CN101483011B - Sensor network for obtaining urban road traffic state - Google Patents
Sensor network for obtaining urban road traffic state Download PDFInfo
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- CN101483011B CN101483011B CN2009100776825A CN200910077682A CN101483011B CN 101483011 B CN101483011 B CN 101483011B CN 2009100776825 A CN2009100776825 A CN 2009100776825A CN 200910077682 A CN200910077682 A CN 200910077682A CN 101483011 B CN101483011 B CN 101483011B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a sensor network for acquiring state of urban road traffic pertaining to the field of information technology. The sensor network includes access nodes or sensors with field bus communication interface, composite nodes and a central processor unit, wherein, the access nodes are connected to the sensors, and are connected to the composite nodes through the field bus; composite nodes receive data from the access nodes or sensors with field bus communication interface through field bus, and transmit the data to the central processor unit through a large data bulk communications network; the central processor unit is located at the traffic command center, receives the data transmitted from the composite nodes through the large data bulk communications network; and perform comprehensive processing to the obtained data. The invention integrates the existing road traffic sensors into a unified system, and realizes the information intercommunication and interconnection between distinct types of sensors; at the same time, greatly reduces the pressure to the network and central processor unit during data transmission and processing.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to network information technology field, especially design a kind of sensor network that obtains urban road traffic state.
Background technology
The universal problems such as urban road traffic congestion, energy dissipation, environmental pollution that caused of the development of urban economy and automobile.For solving urban road traffic congestion problem wherein, intelligent transportation system is arisen at the historic moment.Intelligent transportation system (Intelligent Transportation system, be called for short ITS), be with advanced person's Computer Processing technology, infotech, data communication transmission, automatic control technology, artificial intelligence and electronic technology etc. effectively integrated use in the traffic management system, set up a kind of on a large scale in, comprehensive play a role on time, the system of dealings transportation management accurately and efficiently.
One of basic and guardian technique of intelligent transportation system is to obtain the Real-time Road traffic parameter exactly, comprises the magnitude of traffic flow, the speed of a motor vehicle, occupation rate, queuing time, journey time etc.Urban road traffic information collection at present is by the toroid winding detecting device in the traffic control system, but the toroid winding detecting device only can detection sectional plane traffic parameter, accurately traffic parameter between measurement zone; Although also disposed sensors such as video, velocity radar at present, these sensors are disposed relatively independent, take the more communication resource, require high to the central processing system data-handling capacity.Summary is got up, and there are the following problems for the existing sensor that obtains road traffic state:
1, can't carry out the mutual and physical interconnections of direct information between sensors of various types.
On the one hand, the various application requirements of urban transportation system obtain multi-source traffic information, and the sensor of laying in the different times zones of different (as coil pickoff and video sensor) adheres to different system separately, separate, the traffic behavior that can't directly carry out data interaction, can not constitute full-time sky obtains system, has serious " information island " problem; On the other hand, sensor inserts standard (especially interface standard) development and lags behind, and the technology and equipment that all types of sensors or subsystem adopt is many to have different standards from country variant or area, and existing system interconnects very difficulty each other.
2, the transmission of mass data and processing are exerted heavy pressures on to network and central computer.
At present, be used for the concentrated access way of sensor network employing that traffic behavior is gathered, a large amount of pick-up units of laying have produced the magnanimity isomeric data, transmitting these data demand networks has higher bandwidth on the one hand, because these magnanimity isomeric datas have comprised a large amount of redundant informations, caused the serious waste of Internet resources simultaneously; On the other hand, handle these data the processing power of central processing computer has been proposed high requirement, make the central processing computer of present stage be faced with googol,, will cause the total system paralysis in case central processing computer breaks down according to processing pressure.
3, limited and construction cost is high towards the sensor function of different application.
Traffic information collection sensor commonly used is the toroid winding detecting device, but coil checker can only collect single traffic state datas such as the magnitude of traffic flow, the speed of a motor vehicle, the regional traffic state parameter can't be directly obtained, therefore traffic state information can not be obtained online, in real time, exactly; Video sensor is used for monitoring at present, can't therefrom obtain and the similar traffic parameter of coil pickoff; Microwave remote sensor only is used for measuring speed.These sensor functions are limited, or are subject to environmental interference and influence its range of application, and current most of sensor all will lay independently communication line, and the construction cost costliness is unfavorable for expansion.
At the problems referred to above, in the process of Intelligent Transport Systems Construction, be badly in need of a kind of sensor network that obtains urban road traffic state of member, the information mutual communication interconnection between the dissimilar sensor of road traffic state is obtained in realization, the smooth transmission of the road traffic state data that assurance is obtained in this network and the normal calculating and the processing of big data quantity, reduce information redundancy, avoid independently building separately the problem of the construction cost costliness that produces because of multi-source heterogeneous sensor.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to, at the information between the dissimilar sensor that obtains road traffic state that in the process of Intelligent Transport Systems Construction, exists at present can't the intercommunication interconnection, the transmission of data with handle that the huge and different sensor of pressure that network and central computer are produced is laid and the high problem of construction network communication system cost separately, a kind of sensor network that obtains urban road traffic state is proposed.
Technical scheme of the present invention is, a kind of sensor network that obtains urban road traffic state comprises access node or has the sensor of field bus communication interface, compound node and CPU (central processing unit), it is characterized in that,
Described access node is connected with sensor by the sensor signal access module, and is connected with compound node by fieldbus; Realize the access of existing sensor, and the sensing data that inserts is handled;
Described sensor with field bus communication interface, directly by fieldbus with the road traffic data transmission obtained to compound node, after perhaps the road traffic data of obtaining being handled, transfer to compound node by fieldbus again;
Described compound node receives from access node by fieldbus or has the data of the sensor of field bus communication interface, and by the big data quantity communication network with data transmission to CPU (central processing unit); Data to the access node by fieldbus transmission are handled, perhaps the data of the sensor with field bus communication interface by fieldbus transmission are handled, obtain zone-to-zone travel state parameter and small grain size regional traffic state parameter, and the traffic behavior parameter is transferred to CPU (central processing unit) by the big data quantity communication network;
Described CPU (central processing unit) is positioned at traffic control center, receives the data of compound node transmission by the big data quantity communication network; And the data that obtain are carried out overall treatment, obtain the regional traffic state information and the overall traffic state information of coarsegrain.
Described access node comprises sensor signal access module, first central processing unit, primary scene bus interface, primary scene bus communication module, first memory circuit, first human-machine interface module and first power circuit; Wherein, the sensor signal access module is used for the signal of sensor output is sent into first central processing unit of access node; The primary scene bus interface is used for access node is connected with compound node and communicates by fieldbus; Primary scene bus communication module is used to connect first central processing unit and primary scene bus interface; First central processing unit has the function that the data of the sensor that inserts are handled; First memory circuit is used to store data processed result; First human-machine interface module is realized circuit debugging, demonstration and control between user and the access node; First power circuit is used to access node that operating voltage is provided.
Described compound node comprises second central processing unit, secondary scene bus interface, secondary scene bus communication module, big data quantity data communication module, network communication interface, second data processing module, second memory circuit, second human-machine interface module and second source circuit; Wherein, secondary scene bus interface is used for compound node and access node or sensor with field bus communication interface are connected and communicate by fieldbus; Secondary scene bus communication module is used to connect second central processing unit and secondary scene bus interface; The big data quantity data communication module is used to connect second central processing unit and network communication interface; Second central processing unit has the access node that compound node is received or has the function that the data of the sensor of field bus communication interface are handled, and draws zone-to-zone travel parameter and small grain size regional traffic parameter after the processing; Second memory circuit is used to store data processed result; Second human-machine interface module is realized circuit debugging, demonstration and control between user and the compound node; The second source circuit is used to compound node that operating voltage is provided.
Described sensor signal access module comprises analog quantity access interface and corresponding with it signal conditioning circuit, switching value access interface and corresponding with it first level-conversion circuit and pulsed quantity access interface and the second corresponding with it level-conversion circuit; Wherein, described analog quantity access interface and corresponding with it signal conditioning circuit are used to insert the sensor of analog quantity output; Described switching value access interface and the first corresponding with it level-conversion circuit are used to insert the sensor of switching value output; Described pulsed quantity place in circuit and the second corresponding with it level-conversion circuit are used to insert the sensor of pulse train amount output.
Described primary scene bus communication module comprises the primary scene bus controller and first optical coupling isolator.
Described secondary scene bus communication module comprises the secondary scene bus controller and second optical coupling isolator.
Described big data quantity data communication module comprises network communication controller and isolating transformer.
Described CPU (central processing unit) adopts multithreading to carry out data communication and processing; Realization is based on the scheduling by turns of preemptive priority expansion time, and the CPU that task sheet service time with same right of priority is obtained to equate distributes the time.
Described fieldbus adopts CAN or Lonworks or Profibus.
Described big data quantity communication network adopts the NTCIP agreement based on Ethernet and ICP/IP protocol.
Polytype Traffic Information that the present invention can insert present use obtains sensor, has realized the information mutual communication interconnection between the dissimilar sensor; In addition, the present invention reduces the requirement of network, and the data processing pressure of CPU (central processing unit) is also alleviated greatly when data transmission; At last, the reliability of network system provided by the invention, extensibility and real-time all are better than existing road traffic state and obtain system.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the system assumption diagram that obtains the sensor network of urban road traffic state.
Fig. 2 is sensor network data transmission mode and the main member figure that obtains urban road traffic state.
Fig. 3 is the hardware block diagram of access node.
Fig. 4 is the hardware block diagram of composite node.
Fig. 5 is CPU (central processing unit) and composite junction point data transporting operation process flow diagram.
Fig. 6 is CPU (central processing unit) software multithreading realization flow figure.
Fig. 7 is that the sensor network that obtains urban road traffic state is specifically implemented synoptic diagram.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, preferred embodiment is elaborated.Should be emphasized that following explanation only is exemplary, rather than in order to limit the scope of the invention and to use.
Fig. 1 is the system assumption diagram that obtains the sensor network of urban road traffic state.Among Fig. 1, XOY plane: layering logic layers; YOZ plane: structural stratification; XOZ plane: functional stratification.The sensor network that obtains urban road traffic state can be according to layering logic layers, structural stratification and functional stratification,
Divide sensor network according to the function of sensor network and can be divided into sensor access, multi-sensor data processing, data transmission.
1) sensor inserts: finish the access of multi-source sensor signal, and as with simulating signal, the switching value signal, the sensor of pulse digit amount signal output inserts.
2) sensing data is handled: realize data fusion, as the data fusion of Physical layer, logical layer, application layer and integrated application layer.
3) data transmission: realize the transmission of traffic state information, comprise the data transmission of bottom-layer network and the data transmission of upper layer network.
Divide sensor network according to the composition structure of sensor network and can be divided into the access node sensor of field bus communication interface (or have), compound node, CPU (central processing unit).
1) the access node novel sensor of network interface (or have): it is (conventional not with the sensor of network interface to be used for existing sensor, as coil pickoff, infrared sensor, temperature sensor, velocity radar etc.) insert sensor network, and the sensing data that inserts is carried out basic data processing (as filtering, feature extraction etc.); For the sensor with field bus communication interface (as geomagnetic sensor), transferring to compound node after then directly data transmission being handled to compound node or to data as required.
2) compound node: the data that receive access node (sensor that perhaps has the field bus communication interface) transmission by fieldbus, after these data are handled, obtain the zone-to-zone travel parameter, and these parameters are transferred to CPU (central processing unit) by the big data quantity communication network.
3) CPU (central processing unit): receive the data that compound node transmits by the big data quantity communication network, these data are carried out overall treatment, obtain varigrained regional traffic state.
Divide sensor network according to the sensor network data processing logic and can be divided into sensing data layer, cross-section data processing layer, interval censored data processing layer, small grain size area data processing layer, coarsegrain area data processing layer, global data processing layer.
1) sensing data layer: be meant and use some fundamental physical quantity parameters of sensor, in sensor, collect.
2) cross-section data processing layer: be meant that some fundamental physical quantity calculation of parameter of utilizing sensor to get access to go out the basic traffic behavior parameter on the road cross section, as speed, flow, time occupancy etc.In access node, realize.
3) interval censored data processing layer: be meant that the cross-section data that will extract carries out fusion treatment, extract the zone-to-zone travel state parameter, as the vehicle flowrate on the highway section, average velocity, queue length etc.In compound node, realize.
4) small grain size area data processing layer: be meant that the interval parameter that obtains by compound node calculates the traffic behavior parameter of (by two below the crossing or 4 zonules of forming below the highway section) in the small grain size zone, it can reflect two crossings and following or four highway sections and following traffic behavior feature, and the small grain size area data is handled and realized in compound node.
5) coarsegrain area data processing layer: be meant that the interval parameter that obtains by compound node calculates in the coarsegrain zone traffic behavior parameter of (comprise 3 crossings and above or 5 highway sections and more than), it can reflect 3 crossings and above or 5 highway sections and above regional traffic state feature.The coarsegrain area data is handled and is realized in central computer.
6) global data processing layer: be meant and merge from the traffic behavior parameter information in each zone, realization is obtained and the overall treatment of integrated service information the city road network global information, realize the monitoring and the early warning of traffic behavior, in central computer, realize.
According to above-mentioned thinking, the present invention proposes the sensor network system of obtaining urban road traffic state.Fig. 2 is sensor network data transmission mode and the main member figure that obtains urban road traffic state.Among Fig. 2, obtain the sensor network main member that urban road traffic state obtains and comprise: access node or have the sensor of field bus communication interface, compound node and CPU (central processing unit).
Access node is connected with sensor by the sensor signal access module, and is connected with compound node by fieldbus, realizes the access of existing sensor, and the sensing data that inserts is carried out primary treatment.
Sensor with field bus communication interface, directly by fieldbus with the road traffic data transmission obtained to compound node, perhaps the road traffic data of obtaining are carried out primary treatment after, transfer to compound node by fieldbus again.
Described compound node receives access node or has the data of the sensor of field bus communication interface by fieldbus, and by the big data quantity communication network with data transmission to CPU (central processing unit); Data to the access node by fieldbus transmission are handled, perhaps the data of the sensor with field bus communication interface by fieldbus transmission are handled, obtain zone-to-zone travel state parameter and small grain size regional traffic state parameter, and the traffic behavior parameter is transferred to CPU (central processing unit) by the big data quantity communication network.
CPU (central processing unit) is positioned at traffic control center, receives the data of a plurality of compound node transmission by the big data quantity communication network; And the data that obtain are carried out overall treatment, obtain the regional traffic state information and the overall traffic state information of coarsegrain.
Being described in detail as follows of each main member:
(1) access node
At present used traffic detecting sensor type is more in the road traffic system, and most of sensor do not have the function of fieldbus, can not networking.The access node major function is to insert these sensors, can make existing sensor have networking function.
Fig. 3 is the hardware block diagram of access node.Among Fig. 3, access node comprises sensor signal access module, first central processing unit, primary scene bus interface, primary scene bus communication module, first memory circuit, first human-machine interface module and first power circuit.
Wherein, the sensor signal access module is used for the signal of sensor output is sent into first central processing unit of access node.The sensor signal access module comprises analog quantity access interface and corresponding with it signal conditioning circuit, switching value access interface and corresponding with it first level-conversion circuit and pulse data amount access interface and the second corresponding with it level-conversion circuit again.Analog quantity access interface and corresponding with it signal conditioning circuit are used to insert the sensor of analog quantity output.Switching value access interface and the first corresponding with it level-conversion circuit are used to insert the sensor of switching value output.Pulsed quantity place in circuit and the second corresponding with it level-conversion circuit are used to insert the sensor of pulse train amount output.Type sensors such as analog data, switching value output and digital pulse sequence output have comprised present acquisition of road traffic information sensor type such as coil commonly used, and microwave is ultrasonic, infrared, Hall, eddy current or the like.
The primary scene bus interface is used for access node is connected with compound node and communicates by fieldbus.
Primary scene bus communication module comprises the primary scene bus controller and first optical coupling isolator, is used to connect first central processing unit and primary scene bus interface.
First central processing unit has data-handling capacity, can handle the sensing data that inserts.
First memory circuit is used to store The results of data processing.
First human-machine interface module is realized circuit debugging, demonstration and control between user and the access node.
First power circuit is used to access node that operating voltage is provided.
Original sensor is directly to receive traffic administration command centre by communications optical cable separately, because existing sensor does not have network interface, so exploitation access node, access node adopts circuit directly sensor signal to be inserted on the one hand, through after the simple process, the network interface by fieldbus sends to compound node.So from access node, it and existing sensor have constituted the sensor with access function jointly, simultaneously because access node has central processing unit, can carry out networking and data processing according to demand, therefore also had intelligence, regard an integral body as so will have sensor and access node now, existing sensor has had the MANET function, has constituted the intelligent node of sensor network.
(2) has the sensor of field bus communication interface
Along with the development of sensor technology, the sensor with field bus communication interface occurs, and this type sensor can directly be linked in the sensor network as access node.
(3) compound node
Composite node receives a plurality of access nodes by the field-bus interface module or has the sensor of field bus communication interface, and by the big data quantity communication network with data transmission to CPU (central processing unit).
Fig. 4 is the hardware block diagram of composite node.Among Fig. 4, compound node comprises second central processing unit, secondary scene bus interface, secondary scene bus communication module, big data quantity data communication module, network communication interface, second data processing module, second memory circuit, second human-machine interface module and second source circuit.
Secondary scene bus interface is used for compound node and access node or sensor with field bus communication interface are connected and communicate by fieldbus.
Secondary scene bus communication module comprises the secondary scene bus controller and second optical coupling isolator, is used to connect second central processing unit and secondary scene bus interface.
The big data quantity data communication module comprises network communication controller and isolating transformer, is used to connect second central processing unit and network communication interface.
Second central processing unit has the access node that compound node is received or has the function that the data of the sensor of field bus communication interface are handled, and draws zone-to-zone travel parameter and small grain size regional traffic parameter after the processing.
Second memory circuit is used to store data processed result.
Second human-machine interface module is realized circuit debugging, demonstration and control between user and the compound node.
The second source circuit is used to compound node that operating voltage is provided;
(4) CPU (central processing unit)
CPU (central processing unit) is positioned at traffic control center, receives the data that compound node transmits by the big data quantity communication network, and obtains varigrained regional traffic state parameter by fusion treatment.The CPU (central processing unit) concrete function comprises: send online or the off line order to compound node, switch the node duty; Timed sending node querying command, inquiry access node working condition, update system ode table; According to user's needs, regularly send reading order to compound node, obtain the monitor data of composite node, and preserve data, form the monitor data file; With patterned mode display monitoring curve.
Client (Client/Server) is adopted in CPU (central processing unit) and the transmission of composite junction point data, the request mode of in operating process, taking the initiative, and server starts in advance, and provides respective service according to the request of client computer.Compound node and CPU (central processing unit) can be as client-server.Fig. 5 is CPU (central processing unit) and composite junction point data transporting operation process flow diagram, and among Fig. 5, the concrete implementation step of CPU (central processing unit) and the transmission of composite junction point data is as follows:
A, reception flow process (server end)
Step 501 loads the socket storehouse, and carries out version negotiation; Create and initialization socket;
Step 502 is tied to socket on a local address and the port;
Step 503 is made as listen mode with socket, prepares to receive client requests;
Step 504 is waited for the arrival of client requests; After request comes, accept connection request, return a new socket corresponding to this connection; If there is not request, then return step 503, continue to wait for;
Step 505 communicates with socket and the client returned;
Step 517 is closed socket.
B, transmission flow (client)
Step 511 is created and initialization socket;
Step 512 is sent connection request to server, judges whether connect server in the time at t, if then enter step B3, otherwise enter step B4;
Step 513 and server end communicate;
Step 514 is closed socket.
Fig. 6 is CPU (central processing unit) software multithreading realization flow figure.Among Fig. 6, the method that CPU (central processing unit) is carried out data processing is that employing obtains the equal CPU distribution time based on the scheduling by turns of preemptive priority expansion time to task sheet service time with same right of priority.Not only to transmit reliably for critical data (can embody the important parameter of traffic behavior), and require high real-time.So adopt the thread of different priorities, adopt high priority thread for critical data, and non-critical data adopts the lower priority thread.
In different threads, need shared data, adopt global variable, formation and by sending user message, with data transmission to different threads.To the visit of same resource,, then need thread synchronization as global variable.Here adopt Mutex object and event object, guaranteed the reliability and the correctness of data access and demonstration, most important to the analyzing and processing of real-time monitoring and follow-up data.
CPU (central processing unit) software multithreading realization flow specific implementation step is as follows:
Step 601 starts the connection button;
Step 602 is created UDP, TCP thread respectively, and is bound to different port respectively; According to one embodiment of the present invention, preferably adopt 8080,8081 ports, port numbers is greater than 1024;
Step 604 adopts circulation to receive data in the thread of creating, if be masked as 1, enters step 605; Otherwise, enter step 607;
Step 605 by the handle that passes over, sends the dialog box of user self-defined message to correspondence, transmits the information that receives;
Step 606 in specifying dialog box, is used the message response function, the message that the receiving thread transmission comes, and the message that receives carried out data analysis and processing;
Step 607 is closed SOCKET, closes thread.
Fig. 7 is that the sensor network that obtains urban road traffic state is specifically implemented synoptic diagram.Access node and compound node adopt the CAN transmission mode, and compound node and CPU (central processing unit) adopt the big data quantity communication network data-transmission mode based on the NTCIP agreement of Ethernet and ICP/IP protocol.
In the present embodiment, access node and compound node adopt digital signal processor DSP TMS320F2812 as central processing unit, and the CAN controller is embedded eCAN module of DSP and bus transceiver 82C250, and the light-coupled isolation device adopts high speed photo coupling 6N137.Sensor output signal is behind modulate circuit and level-conversion circuit, and digital quantity enters the GPIO of DSP, and analog quantity enters the AD converter of DSP, and switching value enters the capturing unit of DSP.
The sensor that access node can insert comprises eddy effect sensor (as the coil pickoff of existing road), photoelectric effect sensor (as the video detector of existing road), temperature sensor (temperature sensor that comprises voltage output and electric current output) etc.Intelligence sensor refers to have the novel sensor of bus interface, as geomagnetic sensor etc.
Compound node and central processing unit adopt based on Ethernet+TCP/IP protocol suite and meet NTCIP protocol communication mode, for the high The data Transmission Control Protocol transmission of reliability requirement, for the not demanding The data udp protocol transmission of high real-time of reliability requirement.Ethernet controller is CS8900, and isolating transformer is HR601627, and Ethernet interface is RJ45.
CPU (central processing unit) is PC or common server, and its software systems adopt VC++ to carry out programming.
Polytype Traffic Information that the present invention can insert present use obtains sensor, has not only realized the information mutual communication interconnection between the dissimilar sensor, and has simplified greatly to the cabling requirement of existing sensor with to the requirement of Network Transmission.In addition, access node of the present invention and compound node all have data-handling capacity, and this makes data transmission reduce the requirement of network, and simultaneously, the data processing pressure of CPU (central processing unit) also alleviates greatly.At last, network system provided by the invention can be applied to traffic behavior and obtain and traffic control, traffic safety, the enforcement monitoring of traffic basis, and can directly be linked in the existing system, and improvement expenses is few, and cost is low; Its reliability, extensibility and real-time all are better than existing road traffic state and obtain system.
The above; only for the preferable embodiment of the present invention, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and anyly is familiar with those skilled in the art in the technical scope that the present invention discloses; the variation that can expect easily or replacement all should be encompassed within protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be as the criterion with the protection domain of claim.
Claims (10)
1. a sensor network that obtains urban road traffic state comprises access node or has the sensor of field bus communication interface, compound node and CPU (central processing unit), it is characterized in that,
Described access node is connected with sensor by the sensor signal access module, and is connected with compound node by fieldbus; Realize the access of existing sensor, and the sensing data that inserts is handled;
Described sensor with field bus communication interface, directly by fieldbus with the road traffic data transmission obtained to compound node, after perhaps the road traffic data of obtaining being handled, transfer to compound node by fieldbus again;
Described compound node receives from access node by fieldbus or has the data of the sensor of field bus communication interface, and by the big data quantity communication network with data transmission to CPU (central processing unit); Described compound node is handled the data of the access node by fieldbus transmission, perhaps the data of the sensor with field bus communication interface by fieldbus transmission are handled, obtain zone-to-zone travel state parameter and small grain size regional traffic state parameter, and the traffic behavior parameter is transferred to CPU (central processing unit) by the big data quantity communication network;
Described CPU (central processing unit) is positioned at traffic control center, receives the data of compound node transmission by the big data quantity communication network; And the data that obtain are carried out overall treatment, obtain the regional traffic state information and the overall traffic state information of coarsegrain.
2. a kind of sensor network that obtains urban road traffic state according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described access node comprises sensor signal access module, first central processing unit, primary scene bus interface, primary scene bus communication module, first memory circuit, first human-machine interface module and first power circuit; Wherein, the sensor signal access module is used for the signal of sensor output is sent into first central processing unit of access node; The primary scene bus interface is used for access node is connected with compound node and communicates by fieldbus; Primary scene bus communication module is used to connect first central processing unit and primary scene bus interface; First central processing unit has the function that the data of the sensor that inserts are handled; First memory circuit is used to store data processed result; First human-machine interface module is realized circuit debugging, demonstration and control between user and the access node; First power circuit is used to access node that operating voltage is provided.
3. a kind of sensor network that obtains urban road traffic state according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described compound node comprises second central processing unit, secondary scene bus interface, secondary scene bus communication module, big data quantity data communication module, network communication interface, second data processing module, second memory circuit, second human-machine interface module and second source circuit; Wherein, secondary scene bus interface is used for compound node and access node or sensor with field bus communication interface are connected and communicate by fieldbus; Secondary scene bus communication module is used to connect second central processing unit and secondary scene bus interface; The big data quantity data communication module is used to connect second central processing unit and network communication interface; Second central processing unit has the access node that compound node is received or has the function that the data of the sensor of field bus communication interface are handled, and draws zone-to-zone travel parameter and small grain size regional traffic parameter after the processing; Second memory circuit is used to store data processed result; Second human-machine interface module is realized circuit debugging, demonstration and control between user and the compound node; The second source circuit is used to compound node that operating voltage is provided.
4. a kind of sensor network that obtains urban road traffic state according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that described sensor signal access module comprises analog quantity access interface and corresponding with it signal conditioning circuit, switching value access interface and corresponding with it first level-conversion circuit and pulsed quantity access interface and the second corresponding with it level-conversion circuit; Wherein, described analog quantity access interface and corresponding with it signal conditioning circuit are used to insert the sensor of analog quantity output; Described switching value access interface and the first corresponding with it level-conversion circuit are used to insert the sensor of switching value output; Described pulsed quantity place in circuit and the second corresponding with it level-conversion circuit are used to insert the sensor of pulse train amount output.
5. a kind of sensor network that obtains urban road traffic state according to claim 2 is characterized in that, described primary scene bus communication module comprises the primary scene bus controller and first optical coupling isolator.
6. a kind of sensor network that obtains urban road traffic state according to claim 3 is characterized in that, described secondary scene bus communication module comprises the secondary scene bus controller and second optical coupling isolator.
7. a kind of sensor network that obtains urban road traffic state according to claim 3 is characterized in that described big data quantity data communication module comprises network communication controller and isolating transformer.
8. a kind of sensor network that obtains urban road traffic state according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described CPU (central processing unit) adopts multithreading to carry out data communication and processing; Realization is based on the scheduling by turns of preemptive priority expansion time, and the CPU that task sheet service time with same right of priority is obtained to equate distributes the time.
9. a kind of sensor network that obtains urban road traffic state according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described fieldbus adopts CAN or Lonworks or Profibus.
10. a kind of sensor network that obtains urban road traffic state according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described big data quantity communication network adopts the NTCIP agreement based on Ethernet and ICP/IP protocol.
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