CN101482071A - Stirling engine - Google Patents
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- CN101482071A CN101482071A CNA2009100940815A CN200910094081A CN101482071A CN 101482071 A CN101482071 A CN 101482071A CN A2009100940815 A CNA2009100940815 A CN A2009100940815A CN 200910094081 A CN200910094081 A CN 200910094081A CN 101482071 A CN101482071 A CN 101482071A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a stirling engine. Compared with the prior art, a heater 25 of the stirling engine consists of a hollow cylinder 1, a circular ring 16 and other circular rings, an inner circular ring 15 and other inner circular rings, a sleeve 15 and a semispherical shell 13, the composite force of the air pressure of the air as a working substance on the heater 25 points to an axial line of the heater 25 and a heat isolation tube 8 is added in a cylinder 3; the design lowers the requirements of the cylinder 3 and the heater 25 of the stirling engine on the mechanical strength of advanced heat resistance alloy at high temperature, and meanwhile lowers the heat loss and temperature of the cylinder 3 as well as stabilizes the temperature thereof. Therefore, cylinder 3 and heater 25 can be made of advanced heat resistance alloy of a lower level to attain the same effect as using the prior advanced heat resistance alloy of a higher level, thus reducing the manufacture cost of the stirling engine, improving the heat efficiency and service life of the stirling engine. The stirling engine can use the high temperature thermal energy produced by fuel of solid, liquid or gas state and focused solar power as well as liquid or gaseous fluid with high temperature thermal energy. The stirling engine has the characteristics of wide range of fuel and thermal sources, high heat efficiency and environmental protection, and is widely developed and applied in future social production practice.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of Stirling engine, belong to external-burning type and close the piston-engined technology of circulation.
Background technique
The mechanical realization of Stirling engine and the performance of many excellences, characteristics, " heat engine " (front page first impression in October nineteen eighty-two of version society of National Defense Industry Press) and sternly kind the celebrating in " heat engine principle and design " (in November, the 1987 front page first impression of version society of National Defense Industry Press) two books of compiling in collaboration with of Qian Guozhu Zhou Zengxin that Qian Guozhu compiles detailed description is arranged, can be used as this paper reference; Send out friend's patent application: application number is that the air distribution piston type Stirling engine of 200810058389.x and application number are 200810058863.9 double-acting type stirling engine, also introduces the reference as this paper.The basic principle of Stirling engine is the mechanical realization of Stirling thermodynamic cycle, and because of also there are some engineering difficult problems in its mechanical realization, so Stirling engine also fails to be widely used.These difficult problems comprise the consideration to efficient, life-span and cost; Particularly high-grade high-grade heat-resistant alloy resource amount is few, price is high, has greatly restricted the development and the application of Stirling engine.The present invention is devoted to solve these difficult problems.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is in order to propose a kind of Stirling engine.It is to have changed in the mechanical realization of Stirling engine heater and the cylinder to have set up heat insulation facility compared with prior art; It has reduced the requirement to the mechanical strength of high-grade heat-resistant alloy under high temperature condition of the cylinder of Stirling engine and heater, has reduced thermal loss, the reduction of cylinder simultaneously and has stablized the temperature of cylinder block.Therefore, cylinder and heater can use low-grade slightly high-grade heat-resistant alloy to make and use the effect of high-grade high-grade heat-resistant alloy before reaching; It has reduced Stirling engine manufacture cost, the thermal efficiency that has improved Stirling engine and life-span.
To achieve these goals, the present invention proposes a kind of improvement project of Stirling engine.Be that example illustrates mainly now with the air distribution piston type Stirling engine mechanical realization, its mechanical realization structural principle sectional view as shown in Figure 1 with its heater as enclosing shown in the parts in the frame of broken lines among Fig. 5, it comprises heater, cylinder, regenerator housing, gas working medium honeycomb duct, sleeve pipe, wherein:
Step in step and the annular outside hollow cylinder upper-end surface direction vertically downward is provided with annular.Outer step of annular and hollow cylinder lower end surface and the outer stepped diameters curved surface of annular and the outer step post of the outer step internal diameter curved surface enclosed space looping of annular, the outer step internal diameter curved surface of annular is a hollow cylinder upper-end surface diametral surface extension curved surface vertically downward; Step post in step internal diameter curved surface and the interior stepped diameters curved surface enclosed space looping of annular in the interior step of annular and hollow cylinder lower end surface and the annular, the stepped diameters curved surface is a hollow cylinder upper-end surface internal diameter curved surface extension curved surface vertically downward in the annular.As shown in Figure 3.
Dig the outer groove around step internal diameter curved surface outside the annular outside annular on the step post, the groove depth of outer groove approaches the outer step internal diameter curved surface of annular, and a plurality of outer grooves identical with outer groove evenly, respectively are distributed on the outer step post of annular; Constituting the through hole that the adjacent outer groove of connection is set on the outstanding annulus between the adjacent outer groove, the diameter of through hole is less than the degree of depth of outer groove, and a plurality of through holes identical with through hole evenly, respectively are distributed on the annulus; Be distributed on each annulus with through hole identical on the annulus, and the through hole mutual dislocation on two adjacent annulus.Cutting is around the inner groove of step internal diameter curved surface in the annular on the step post in annular, and the groove depth of inner groove approaches stepped diameters curved surface in the annular, and a plurality of inner grooves identical with inner groove evenly, respectively are distributed on the interior step post of annular; Constituting the through hole that the adjacent inner groove of connection is set on the inwardly outstanding interior annulus between the adjacent inner groove, the diameter of through hole is less than the degree of depth of inner groove, and a plurality of through holes identical with through hole evenly, respectively are distributed on the interior annulus; Be distributed in each on the annulus with through hole identical on the interior annulus, and two adjacent in through hole mutual dislocation on the annulus.As among Fig. 3, as shown in Fig. 5 and Fig. 6.
Casing wall thickness, outer ring end face internal diameter that the outer ring end surface thickness of circular groove equals the cylinder upper-end surface equal cylinder bore, the interior annular end face thickness of circular groove equals the internal diameter that the thickness of hollow cylinder upper-end surface, interior annular end face internal diameter equal the hollow cylinder upper-end surface, and the thickness of the shell of spherical crown shell approximates the thickness of hollow cylinder upper-end surface, the annular end face diameter of spherical crown shell opener equals the diameter of hollow cylinder upper-end surface.The concave surface of circular groove in cylinder, the outer ring end face of cylinder upper-end surface and circular groove is tightly connected, the inside diameter surface of annular plate washer and the surface of hollow cylinder upper-end surface diameter are connected, the interior annular end face of hollow cylinder upper-end surface and circular groove is tightly connected, the concave surface of spherical crown shell within the hollow cylinder, the annular end face of hollow cylinder lower end surface and spherical crown shell opener is tightly connected; The shaft axis of the shaft axis of shaft axis, annulus and each annulus of the axes extending line of circular groove, the shaft axis of hollow cylinder, the shaft axis of spherical crown shell, annular plate washer, interior annulus and each interior annulus and the shaft axis of cylinder overlap; Cylinder, circular groove, annular plate washer, hollow cylinder, annulus and each annulus, interior annulus and annulus, overall structure of spherical crown shell formation in each.Sleeve pipe closely is enclosed within to dig to be had on the outer step column diameter of the annular of a plurality of outer grooves, and the surface of contact on the surface of each circle diameter is welded to connect on the surface of casing inner diameter and the outer step post of annular; Casing inner diameter equals the diameter of the outer step post of annular, highly is slightly less than about 1～2 millimeter of height, the height that is slightly larger than the gas working medium honeycomb duct, the wall thickness of annular outer step post.As shown in Figure 5.
Drainage tube inserts in the internal diameter of step post in the annular, the vicinity, lower end surface that inside diameter surface contacts, the upper-end surface is higher than circular groove, the lower end surface is deep into the interior annulus of orlop of annulus in each on the step post in its diameter surface and the annular.Heat insulation loop places in the circular groove, on the annular plate washer, heat insulating tube is installed in the cylinder; The lower end surface of heat insulating tube upper-end surface and heat insulation loop contacts, its lower end surface and cylinder lower end surface are close, and the internal surface of heat insulating tube upper tube contacts with the diameter surface of annular plate washer; The height of heat insulating tube adds that greater than regenerator housing height gas working medium honeycomb duct height adds the range of regenerator housing when following piston motion, and the diameter of heat insulating tube is slightly less than cylinder bore, internal diameter is slightly larger than regenerator diameter of the housing 0.1 millimeter.
The end socket of regenerator case top is a hemispherical Shell, the convex surface of end socket in the regenerator housing, the radius of curvature of its radius of curvature and spherical crown shell is close; The center of regenerator core top surface and the convex surface top of end socket contact, and the thickness of the shell of end socket approximates the regenerator thickness of shell.Gas working medium honeycomb duct one end and regenerator case top are tightly connected, and gas working medium honeycomb duct internal diameter is close with regenerator shell body wall thickness less than regenerator diameter of the housing 1～2 millimeter, its wall thickness greater than casing diameter 0.1 millimeter, its diameter, its length is slightly larger than the range of regenerator housing when following piston motion.Regenerator housing upper part diameter equals the gas working medium draft-tube diameter, equaling to be provided with on the regenerator housing of gas working medium draft-tube diameter a through hole to be communicated with inside and outside the regenerator housing, a plurality of through holes identical with through hole evenly, respectively are distributed on the regenerator housing that equals the gas working medium draft-tube diameter.As shown in Figure 11.
Hollow cylinder, annulus and each annulus, interior annulus and each interior annulus, sleeve pipe and spherical crown shell constitute the heater of Stirling engine, as enclosing shown in the parts in the frame of broken lines among Fig. 5; Be positioned at the shaft axis of making a concerted effort to point to heater of the suffered gas working medium atmospheric pressure of heater of cylinder cavity, annulus and each annulus, interior annulus and each interior annulus and drainage tube have been strengthened the ability that heater bears the gas working medium atmospheric pressure.Gas working medium honeycomb duct, end socket, regenerator housing are integral whole structure and are positioned at cylinder, and the shaft axis of the shaft axis of the shaft axis of end socket, gas working medium honeycomb duct, the shaft axis of regenerator housing, heater and the shaft axis of cylinder overlap.High temperature fluid (high temperature fluid: the high-temperature fuel gas of burning, high-temperature gas air-flow, high-temperature liquid state liquid stream etc.) enter by a plurality of through holes on the bottom interior annulus through drainage tube, and upwards pass through annulus in each step by step by a plurality of through holes on the annulus in each, a plurality of through holes from interior annulus topmost flow out, and annulus input heat in each successively; The motion that gas working medium is followed piston successively the through hole on regenerator core, regenerator housing top and between each through hole, gas working medium honeycomb duct and the heat insulating tube gap, a plurality of through holes, end socket and gas working medium honeycomb duct on each annulus and spherical crown shell and do back and forth to flow in the hot chamber cylinder that the lower end surface surrounded of next annulus, the gas working medium that flows passes through each annulus step by step by a plurality of through holes on each annulus, and absorbs heat from each annulus successively.Place heat insulating tube in the cylinder, place heat insulation loop in the circular groove to reduce to flow to the heat of cylinder, circular groove, reduced the operating temperature of cylinder, circular groove simultaneously.
Circumference direction along perpendicular to heat insulating tube, heat insulation loop can be divided into it more than two sections or two sections respectively equably; Their available refractory ceramics manufacturings, as: aluminium sesquioxide, boron nitride etc. is the refractory ceramics goods of basic raw material.
Along the downward direction of the outer step post height of annular, outside annular, dig waveform groove on the step post, abbreviate outer waveform groove as.The groove symmetrical center line of outer waveform groove is a surge line, and the length of its major axis equals the height of the outer step of annular, the length of minor axis equals the fluctuating range of outer waveform groove.Cutting is the outer waveform groove on the step post outside annular, on the circumferential surface that the circumferential surface of its minor axis and the outer step column diameter of annular intersects, the opening of outer waveform groove is positioned at the outer step column diameter of annular, its degree of depth approaches annular outer step internal diameter curved surface, its wavy surface perpendicular to the circumferential surface of step column diameter outside the annular; Outer waveform groove one end and the outer step post of annular upper-end surface communicate, the other end and the annular outer step post lower end surface of outer waveform groove communicate, and many outer waveform groove identical with outer waveform groove evenly, respectively are distributed on the outer step post of annular; Sleeve pipe closely is enclosed within to be dug on the circumferential surface that the outer step column diameter of the annular of outer waveform groove is arranged, and the surface of contact of sleeve pipe and the outer step post of annular is welded to connect; Gas working medium is followed the motion of piston and is done back and forth to flow in the waveform groove outside, and the gas working medium that flows washes away the wavy surface of the outer waveform groove on its flow direction, and absorbs heat from the wavy surface of outer waveform groove.(wherein: the circumferential surface of the outer step column diameter of annular is equal to the outer stepped diameters curved surface of annular.) as among Fig. 3, as shown in Figure 12 and Figure 13.
Along the downward direction of step post height in the annular, in annular, dig waveform groove on the step post, abbreviate interior waveform groove as.The groove symmetrical center line of interior waveform groove is a surge line, and the length of its major axis equals the height of step post in the annular, the length of minor axis equals the fluctuating range of interior waveform groove.Cutting is the interior waveform groove on the step post in annular, and the circumferential surface of step column internal diameter intersects in its minor axis and the annular, the opening of interior waveform groove is positioned on the annular step column internal diameter curved surface, its degree of depth approaches annular stepped diameters curved surface, its wavy surface is perpendicular to the circumferential surface of annular step column internal diameter; Step post upper-end surface communicates in interior waveform groove one end and the annular, step post lower end surface communicates in the other end of interior waveform groove and the annular, and many interior waveform groove identical with interior waveform groove evenly, respectively are distributed in the annular on the step post; Drainage tube inserts in the internal diameter of step post in the annular, drainage tube diameter surface and the vicinity, lower end surface that the circumferential surface of step column internal diameter in the annular contacts, the upper-end surface is higher than circular groove, the lower end surface is deep into step post in the annular; High temperature fluid is entered, is flowed out from the upper end of interior waveform groove by the lower end of interior waveform groove, and the high temperature fluid that flows in interior waveform groove washes away the wavy surface of the interior waveform groove on its flow direction, and inwardly the wavy surface of waveform groove is imported heat.(wherein: the circumferential surface of step column internal diameter is equal to step column internal diameter curved surface in the annular in the annular.) as among Fig. 3, as shown in Figure 12 and Figure 13.
The major axis of the outer waveform groove of digging is looped around on the outer step internal diameter curved surface of annular by certain spiral angle, makes to differ certain angle on the circumference direction of outer waveform groove top and bottom step internal diameter curved surface outside annular and constitute waveform groove outside the spiral; The groove symmetrical center line of the outer waveform groove of spiral is a spiral wave line, and the spiral shaft axis of the outer waveform groove of spiral and the shaft axis of hollow cylinder overlap, and the many bar spirals outer waveform groove identical with the outer waveform groove of spiral evenly, respectively is distributed on the outer step of annular; Gas working medium is followed the motion of piston and is done in the waveform groove back and forth to flow outside spiral, and the gas working medium that flows washes away the wavy surface of the outer waveform groove of spiral on its flow direction, and the wavy surface of waveform groove absorbs heat outside spiral.
Dig in the major axis of waveform groove, be looped around in the annular on the step internal diameter curved surface by certain spiral angle, differ certain angle on the circumference direction of waveform groove top and bottom step internal diameter curved surface in annular in making and constitute waveform groove in the spiral; The groove symmetrical center line of waveform groove is a spiral wave line in the spiral, the spiral shaft axis of the interior waveform groove of spiral and the shaft axis of hollow cylinder overlap, and waveform groove evenly, respectively is distributed on the interior step post of annular in the many spirals identical with waveform groove in the spiral; High temperature fluid by the lower end of waveform groove in the spiral enter, flow out the upper end of waveform groove in the spiral, the high temperature fluid that flows in the waveform groove in spiral washes away the wavy surface of waveform groove in the spiral on its flow direction, and in spiral the wavy surface input heat of waveform groove.
In the above air distribution piston type Stirling engine:
Put at the cylinder outer surface that the outer surface of heat insulating tube and circular groove covers a heat insulation circular groove outside one, outer heat insulating tube and heat insulation circular groove have reduced cylinder, circular groove and have flowed to the outer heat-energy losses of Stirling thermodynamic system.
In the drainage tube air can be set---vaporized fuel or liquid fuel mixer, ignition mechanism etc. provide condition for Stirling engine uses vaporized fuel or liquid fuel.
Can in drainage tube, inject liquid state or the gaseous fluid that carries high temperature heat, for Stirling engine provides heat energy.
Take out drainage tube, diameter is slightly less than in the annular silica glass disk of step column diameter covers in annular on the step post; The focused solar hot spot sees through the silica glass disk and is radiated in the cavity that step post and hemispherical Shell are surrounded in the annular, and imports heat energy in Stirling engine.
The present invention also is applicable to double-acting type stirling engine to the improvement of above-mentioned air distribution piston type Stirling engine mechanical realization.This is that the engineers and technicians in present technique field associate easily and accomplishes easily.
Above-mentioned Stirling engine has reduced the requirement to the mechanical strength of high-grade heat-resistant alloy under high temperature condition of cylinder and heater, reduce simultaneously and stablized cylinder block temperature, reduced the thermal loss of cylinder.Therefore, cylinder and heater can use low-grade slightly high-grade heat-resistant alloy to make and use the effect of high-grade high-grade heat-resistant alloy before reaching; It can reduce the manufacture cost of Stirling engine, improves the thermal efficiency and the life-span of Stirling engine.This has created advantage for the development of Stirling engine and application.
Description of drawings
The present invention is further described below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.
Fig. 1 is the mechanical realization structural principle phantom of Stirling engine of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the circular groove sectional view among Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is that the hollow cylinder upper-end surface direction vertically downward of Stirling engine of the present invention is provided with step sectional view in outer step of annular and the annular.
Fig. 4 is the spherical crown shell sectional view among Fig. 1.
Fig. 5 is cylinder in the Stirling engine of the present invention, circular groove, annular plate washer, hollow cylinder, annulus and each annulus, interior annulus and annulus, integrally-built sectional view of spherical crown shell formation in each.
Fig. 6 be among Fig. 5 A-A to sectional view.
Fig. 7 is the heat insulating tube sectional view among Fig. 1.
Fig. 8 is the drainage tube sectional view among Fig. 1.
Fig. 9 is the heat insulation loop sectional view among Fig. 1.
Figure 10 is the sleeve pipe sectional view among Fig. 1.
Figure 11 is gas working medium honeycomb duct, end socket, the part regenerator shell construction sectional view of Stirling engine of the present invention.
Figure 12 is Stirling engine of the present invention is dug inside and outside waveform groove on the step post respectively in step post and the annular outside annular a sectional view.
Figure 13 be among Figure 12 B-B to sectional view.
Identical in the accompanying drawings reference character is used for representing same parts.
Specific embodiments one
Be that example illustrates with the air distribution piston type Stirling engine mechanical realization mainly now, its mechanical realization structural principle sectional view encloses shown in the parts in frame of broken lines among Fig. 5 26 with its heater 25 as shown in Figure 1:
Outside annular, dig outer groove 19 on the step post 105 around the 102 internal diameter curved surfaces 109 of step outside the annular, the groove depth of outer groove 19 approaches the outer step 102 internal diameter curved surfaces 109 of annular, evenly, respectively is distributed on the outer step post 105 of annular with outer groove 19 identical a plurality of outer grooves; Constituting the through hole 18 that adjacent outer groove 19 of connection and outer groove 20 are set on the outstanding annulus 16 between adjacent outer groove 19 and the outer groove 20, the diameter of through hole 18 evenly, respectively is distributed on the annulus 16 less than the degree of depth of outer groove 19 with through hole 18 identical a plurality of through holes; Be distributed on each annulus with through hole identical on the annulus 16, and the through hole mutual dislocation on two adjacent annulus.In annular, dig inner groove 21 on the step post 106 around step 103 internal diameter curved surfaces 110 in the annular, the groove depth of inner groove 21 approaches step 103 diametral surfaces 112 in the annular, evenly, respectively is distributed on the interior step post 106 of annular with inner groove 21 identical a plurality of inner grooves; Constituting the through hole 17 that adjacent inner groove 21 of connection and inner groove 22 are set on the inwardly outstanding interior annulus 15 between adjacent inner groove 21 and the inner groove 22, the diameter of through hole 17 evenly, respectively is distributed on the interior annulus 15 with through hole 17 identical a plurality of through holes less than the degree of depth of inner groove 21; Be distributed in each on the annulus with identical through hole on the interior annulus 15, and two adjacent in through hole mutual dislocation on the annulus.As among Fig. 3, as shown in Fig. 5 and Fig. 6.
Casing wall thickness, outer ring end face 201 internal diameters that outer ring end face 201 thickness of circular groove 2 equal cylinder 3 upper-end surfaces equal cylinder 3 cylinder diameters, interior annular end face 202 thickness of circular groove 2 equal the internal diameter that the thickness of hollow cylinder 1 upper-end surface 101, interior annular end face 202 internal diameters equal hollow cylinder 1 upper-end surface 101, and the thickness of the shell of spherical crown shell 13 approximates the thickness of hollow cylinder 1 upper-end surface 101, annular end face 131 diameters of spherical crown shell 13 openings equal the diameter of hollow cylinder 1 upper-end surface 101.The concave surface of circular groove 2 in cylinder 3, the outer ring end face 201 of cylinder 3 upper-end surfaces and circular groove 2 is tightly connected, the inside diameter surface of annular plate washer 4 and the surface of hollow cylinder 1 upper-end surface 101 diameters are connected, the interior annular end face 202 of hollow cylinder 1 upper-end surface 101 and circular groove 2 is tightly connected, the concave surface of spherical crown shell 13 within the hollow cylinder 1, the annular end face 131 of hollow cylinder 1 lower end surface 104 and spherical crown shell 13 openings is tightly connected; The shaft axis of the shaft axis of the shaft axis of the shaft axis of the shaft axis of the axes extending line of circular groove 2, hollow cylinder 1, spherical crown shell 13, annular plate washer 4, annulus 16 and each annulus, interior annulus 15 and each interior annulus and the shaft axis of cylinder 3 overlap; Cylinder 3, circular groove 2, annular plate washer 4, hollow cylinder 1, annulus 16 and each annulus, interior annulus 15 and annulus, overall structure of spherical crown shell 13 formations in each.Sleeve pipe 5 closely is enclosed within to dig to be had on outer step post 105 diameters of the annular of a plurality of outer grooves, and the surface of contact on the surface of each circle diameter is welded to connect on the surface of sleeve pipe 5 internal diameters and the outer step post 105 of annular; Sleeve pipe 5 internal diameters equal the diameter of the outer step post 105 of annular, highly are slightly less than about 1～2 millimeter of height, the height that is slightly larger than gas working medium honeycomb duct 9, the wall thickness of annular outer step post 105.As shown in Figure 5.
Drainage tube 6 inserts in the internal diameter of step post 106 in the annular, the vicinity, lower end surface that inside diameter surface contacts, the upper-end surface is higher than circular groove 2, the lower end surface is deep into the interior annulus of orlop of annulus in each on the step post 106 in its diameter surface and the annular.Heat insulation loop 7 places in the circular groove 2, on the annular plate washer 4, heat insulating tube 8 is installed in the cylinder 3; The lower end surface of heat insulating tube 8 upper-end surfaces and heat insulation loop 7 contacts, its lower end surface and cylinder 3 lower end surfaces are close, and the internal surface of heat insulating tube 8 upper tubes contacts with the diameter surface of annular plate washer 4; The height of heat insulating tube 8 adds highly that greater than regenerator housing 10 gas working medium honeycomb duct 9 highly adds the range of regenerator housing 10 when following piston motion, and the diameter of heat insulating tube 8 is slightly less than cylinder 3 cylinder diameters, internal diameter is slightly larger than regenerator housing 10 diameters 0.1 millimeter.
The end socket 11 at regenerator housing 10 tops is hemispherical Shells, the convex surface of end socket 11 in regenerator housing 10, the radius of curvature of its radius of curvature and spherical crown shell 13 is close; The center of regenerator core 23 top surfaces and the convex surface top of end socket 11 contact, and the thickness of the shell of end socket 11 approximates regenerator housing 10 thickness.Gas working medium honeycomb duct 9 one ends and regenerator housing 10 tops are tightly connected, and gas working medium honeycomb duct 9 internal diameters are close with regenerator housing 10 wall thickness less than regenerator housing 10 diameters 1～2 millimeter, its wall thickness greater than sleeve pipe 5 diameters 0.1 millimeter, its diameter, its length is slightly larger than the range of regenerator housing 10 when following piston motion.Regenerator housing 10 upper part diameter equal gas working medium honeycomb duct 9 diameters, a through hole 12 being set on the regenerator housing 10 that equals gas working medium honeycomb duct 9 diameters, evenly, respectively be distributed on the regenerator housing 10 that equals gas working medium honeycomb duct 9 diameters with through hole 12 identical a plurality of through holes to be communicated with inside and outside the regenerator housing 10.As shown in Figure 11.
Hollow cylinder 1, annulus 16 and each annulus, interior annulus 15 and each interior annulus, sleeve pipe 5 and spherical crown shell 13 constitute the heater 25 of Stirling engines, and institute encloses shown in the parts in frame of broken lines among Fig. 5 26; Be positioned at the shaft axis of making a concerted effort to point to heater 25 of the heater 25 suffered gas working medium atmospheric pressures of cylinder 3 cavitys, annulus 16 and each annulus, interior annulus 15 and each interior annulus and drainage tube 6 have been strengthened the ability that heater 25 bears the gas working medium atmospheric pressure.Gas working medium honeycomb duct 9, end socket 11, regenerator housing 10 constitute the whole structure of one and are positioned at cylinder 3, and the shaft axis of the shaft axis of the shaft axis of end socket 11, gas working medium honeycomb duct 9, the shaft axis of regenerator housing 10, heater 25 and the shaft axis of cylinder 3 overlap.High temperature fluid (high temperature fluid: the high-temperature fuel gas of burning, high-temperature gas air-flow, high-temperature liquid state liquid stream etc.) enter by a plurality of through holes on the bottom interior annulus through drainage tube 6, and upwards pass through annulus in each step by step by a plurality of through holes on the annulus in each, a plurality of through holes from interior annulus topmost flow out, and annulus input heat in each successively; The motion that gas working medium is followed piston successively the through hole 12 on regenerator core 23, regenerator housing 10 tops and between each through hole, gas working medium honeycomb duct 9 and the heat insulating tube 8 gap 24, a plurality of through holes, end socket 11 and gas working medium honeycomb duct 9 on each annulus and spherical crown shell 13 and do back and forth to flow in the hot chamber cylinder 14 that the lower end surface surrounded of next annulus, the gas working medium that flows passes through each annulus step by step by a plurality of through holes on each annulus, and absorbs heat from each annulus successively.Place heat insulating tube 8 in the cylinder 3, place heat insulation loop 7 in the circular groove 2 to reduce to flow to the heat of cylinder 3, circular groove 2, reduced the operating temperature of cylinder 3, circular groove 2 simultaneously.
Circumference direction along perpendicular to heat insulating tube, heat insulation loop can be divided into it more than two sections or two sections respectively equably; Their available refractory ceramics manufacturings, as: aluminium sesquioxide, boron nitride etc. is the refractory ceramics goods of basic raw material.
Specific embodiments two
Along the highly downward direction of the outer step post 105 of annular, outside annular, dig waveform groove on the step post 105, abbreviate outer waveform groove 1051 as.The groove symmetrical center line of outer waveform groove 1051 is a surge line, and the length of its major axis equals the height of the outer step post 105 of annular, the length of minor axis equals the fluctuating range of outer waveform groove 1051.Cutting is the outer waveform groove 1051 on the step post 105 outside annular, on the circumferential surface that the circumferential surface of its minor axis and outer step post 105 diameters of annular intersects, the opening 1052 of outer waveform groove 1051 is positioned at outer step post 105 diameters of annular, its degree of depth approaches annular outer step 102 internal diameter curved surfaces 109, its wavy surface perpendicular to the circumferential surface of step post 105 diameters outside the annular; Outer waveform groove 1,051 one ends and the outer step post of annular 105 upper-end surfaces 102 communicate, the other end and annular outer step post 105 lower end surfaces 104 of outer waveform groove 1051 communicate, and evenly, respectively are distributed on the outer step post 105 of annular with outer waveform groove 1051 many identical outer waveform groove; Sleeve pipe 5 closely is enclosed within to be dug on the circumferential surface that outer step post 105 diameters of the annular of outer waveform groove 1051 are arranged, and the surface of contact of sleeve pipe 5 and the outer step post 105 of annular is welded to connect; Gas working medium is followed the motion of piston and is done back and forth to flow in the waveform groove 1051 outside, and the gas working medium that flows washes away the wavy surface of the outer waveform groove 1051 on its flow direction, and absorbs heat from the wavy surface of outer waveform groove 1051.(wherein: the circumferential surface of outer step post 105 diameters of annular is equal to outer step 102 diametral surfaces 107 of annular.) as among Fig. 3, as shown in Figure 12 and Figure 13.
Specific embodiments three
Along the highly downward direction of step post 106 in the annular, in annular, dig waveform groove on the step post 106, abbreviate interior waveform groove 1061 as.The groove symmetrical center line of interior waveform groove 1061 is a surge line, and the length of its major axis equals the height of step post 106 in the annular, the length of minor axis equals the fluctuating range of interior waveform groove 1061.Cutting is the interior waveform groove 1061 on the step post 106 in annular, and the circumferential surface of step post 106 internal diameters intersects in its minor axis and the annular, the opening 1062 of interior waveform groove 1061 is positioned on the annular step post 106 internal diameter curved surfaces 110, its degree of depth approaches annular step 103 diametral surfaces 112, its wavy surface is perpendicular to the circumferential surface of annular step post 106 internal diameters; Step post 106 upper-end surfaces communicate in interior waveform groove 1,061 one ends and the annular, step post 106 lower end surfaces 1041 communicate in the other end of interior waveform groove 1061 and the annular, on step post 106 in interior waveform groove 1061 many identical interior waveform groove evenly, respectively are distributed in annular; Drainage tube 6 inserts in the internal diameter of step post 106 in the annular, drainage tube 6 diameter surface and the vicinity, lower end surface that the circumferential surface of step post 106 internal diameters in the annular contacts, the upper-end surface is higher than circular groove 2, the lower end surface is deep into step post 106 in the annular; High temperature fluid is entered, is flowed out from the upper end of interior waveform groove 1061 by the lower end of interior waveform groove 1061, the high temperature fluid that flows in interior waveform groove 1061 washes away the wavy surface of the interior waveform groove 1061 on its flow direction, and inwardly the wavy surface of waveform groove 1061 is imported heat.(wherein: the circumferential surface of step post 106 internal diameters is equal to step post 106 internal diameter curved surfaces 110 in the annular in the annular.) as among Fig. 3, as shown in Figure 12 and Figure 13.
Specific embodiments four
The major axis of the outer waveform groove of digging is looped around on the outer step internal diameter curved surface of annular by certain spiral angle, makes to differ certain angle on the circumference direction of outer waveform groove top and bottom step internal diameter curved surface outside annular and constitute waveform groove outside the spiral; The groove symmetrical center line of the outer waveform groove of spiral is a spiral wave line, and the spiral shaft axis of the outer waveform groove of spiral and the shaft axis of hollow cylinder overlap, and the many bar spirals outer waveform groove identical with the outer waveform groove of spiral evenly, respectively is distributed on the outer step of annular; Gas working medium is followed the motion of piston and is done in the waveform groove back and forth to flow outside spiral, and the gas working medium that flows washes away the wavy surface of the outer waveform groove of spiral on its flow direction, and the wavy surface of waveform groove absorbs heat outside spiral.
Specific embodiments five
Dig in the major axis of waveform groove, be looped around in the annular on the step internal diameter curved surface by certain spiral angle, differ certain angle on the circumference direction of waveform groove top and bottom step internal diameter curved surface in annular in making and constitute waveform groove in the spiral; The groove symmetrical center line of waveform groove is a spiral wave line in the spiral, the spiral shaft axis of the interior waveform groove of spiral and the shaft axis of hollow cylinder overlap, and waveform groove evenly, respectively is distributed on the interior step post of annular in the many spirals identical with waveform groove in the spiral; High temperature fluid by the lower end of waveform groove in the spiral enter, flow out the upper end of waveform groove in the spiral, the high temperature fluid that flows in the waveform groove in spiral washes away the wavy surface of waveform groove in the spiral on its flow direction, and in spiral the wavy surface input heat of waveform groove.
In the above specific embodiments;
Put at the cylinder outer surface that the outer surface of heat insulating tube and circular groove covers a heat insulation circular groove outside one, outer heat insulating tube and heat insulation circular groove have reduced cylinder, circular groove and have flowed to the outer heat-energy losses of Stirling thermodynamic system.
In the drainage tube air can be set---vaporized fuel or liquid fuel mixer, ignition mechanism etc. provide condition for Stirling engine uses vaporized fuel or liquid fuel.
Can in drainage tube, inject liquid state or the gaseous fluid that carries high temperature heat, for Stirling engine provides heat energy.
Take out drainage tube, diameter is slightly less than in the annular silica glass disk of step column diameter covers in annular on the step post; The focused solar hot spot sees through the silica glass disk and is radiated in the cavity that step post and hemispherical Shell are surrounded in the annular, and imports heat energy in Stirling engine.
The present invention also is applicable to double-acting type stirling engine to the improvement of above-mentioned air distribution piston type Stirling engine mechanical realization.This is that the engineers and technicians in present technique field associate easily and accomplishes easily.
Stirling engine embodiment of the present invention only is exemplary, but the present invention is not limited to this.In claim of the present invention institute restricted portion, the change of making and revise and all will fall into scope of the present invention.
Specification digest
The invention discloses a kind of Stirling engine.It compared with prior art, be hollow cylinder 1, annulus 16 and each annulus, interior annulus 15 and in each annulus, sleeve pipe 5 and hemispherical Shell 13 constitute the heater 25 of Stirling engines, point to the atmospheric pressure of its suffered gas working medium with joint efforts in the shaft axis of heater 25 and the cylinder 3 and set up heat insulating tube 8; It has reduced the cylinder 3 of Stirling engine and the requirement of the mechanical strength of 25 pairs of high-grade heat-resistant alloys of heater under high temperature condition, has reduced thermal loss, the reduction of cylinder 3 simultaneously and has stablized the temperature of cylinder 3.Therefore, cylinder 3 and heater 25 can use low-grade slightly high-grade heat-resistant alloy to make and use the effect of high-grade high-grade heat-resistant alloy before reaching; It has reduced the manufacture cost of Stirling engine, the thermal efficiency that has improved Stirling engine and life-span.The high temperature heat that Stirling engine can use is solid-state, liquid, vaporized fuel and focused solar etc. produce also can be used the liquid state, the gaseous fluid that carry high temperature heat.It has fuel and thermal source comes the characteristics that source range is wide, the thermal efficiency is high and environmentally friendly, will developed and application widely in the social production practice in future.
Claims (5)
1. Stirling engine, it comprises heater (25), cylinder (3), regenerator housing (10), gas working medium honeycomb duct (9), sleeve pipe (5), it is characterized in that:
---step (103) in step (102) and the annular outside hollow cylinder (1) upper-end surface (101) direction vertically downward is provided with annular; Annular outer step (102) and hollow cylinder (1) lower end surface (104) and annular outer step (102) diametral surface (107) and the outer step post (105) of annular outer step (102) internal diameter curved surface (109) enclosed space looping; The interior step post (106) of step (103) diametral surface (112) enclosed space looping in step (103) internal diameter curved surface (110) and the annular in the interior step (103) of annular and hollow cylinder (1) lower end surface (104) and the annular; Step post (105) is gone up the outer groove of digging around step outside the annular (102) internal diameter curved surface (109) (19) outside annular, the groove depth of outer groove (19) approaches annular outer step (102) internal diameter curved surface (109), and a plurality of outer grooves identical with outer groove (19) evenly, respectively are distributed on the outer step post of annular (105); Constituting the through hole (18) that connection adjacent outer groove (19) and outer groove (20) are set on the outstanding annulus (16) between adjacent outer groove (19) and the outer groove (20), the diameter of through hole (18) is less than the degree of depth of outer groove (19), and a plurality of through holes identical with through hole (18) evenly, respectively are distributed on the annulus (16); Go up identical through hole with annulus (16) and be distributed on each annulus, and the through hole mutual dislocation on two adjacent annulus; Step post (106) is gone up the inner groove of digging around step (103) internal diameter curved surface (110) in the annular (21) in annular, the groove depth of inner groove (21) approaches step (103) diametral surface (112) in the annular, and a plurality of inner grooves identical with inner groove (21) evenly, respectively are distributed on the interior step post (106) of annular; Constituting the through hole (17) that connection adjacent inner groove (21) and inner groove (22) are set on the inwardly outstanding interior annulus (15) between adjacent inner groove (21) and the inner groove (22), the diameter of through hole (17) is less than the degree of depth of inner groove (21), and a plurality of through holes identical with through hole (17) evenly, respectively are distributed on the interior annulus (15); Go up identical through hole with interior annulus (15) and be distributed in each on annulus, and two adjacent in through hole mutual dislocation on the annulus;
---the concave surface of circular groove (2) in cylinder (3), the outer ring end face (201) of cylinder (3) upper-end surface and circular groove (2) is tightly connected, the inside diameter surface of annular plate washer (4) and the surface of hollow cylinder (1) upper-end surface (101) diameter are connected, the interior annular end face (202) of hollow cylinder (1) upper-end surface (101) and circular groove (2) is tightly connected, the concave surface of spherical crown shell (13) within the hollow cylinder (1), the annular end face (131) of hollow cylinder (1) lower end surface (104) and spherical crown shell (13) opening is tightly connected; The shaft axis of the shaft axis of the shaft axis of the shaft axis of the axes extending line of circular groove (2), hollow cylinder (1), spherical crown shell (13), annular plate washer (4), annulus (16) and the shaft axis of each annulus, interior annulus (15) and each interior annulus and the shaft axis of cylinder (3) overlap; Cylinder (3), circular groove (2), annular plate washer (4), hollow cylinder (1), annulus (16) and each annulus, interior annulus (15) and annulus, overall structure of spherical crown shell (13) formation in each; Sleeve pipe (5) closely is enclosed within to dig to be had on the annular of a plurality of outer grooves outer step post (105) diameter, and the surface of sleeve pipe (5) internal diameter is connected with the surface of contact that the outer step post of annular (105) is gone up the surface of each circle diameter; Sleeve pipe (5) internal diameter equal the diameter of the outer step post of annular (105), highly be slightly less than annular outer step post (105) height, be slightly larger than the height of gas working medium honeycomb duct (9); In the internal diameter of the annular interior step post (106) of drainage tube (6) insertion, step post (106) vicinity, lower end surface that upward inside diameter surface of each interior annulus contacts, the upper-end surface is higher than circular groove (2), the lower end surface is deep into the interior annulus of orlop in its diameter surface and the annular; Heat insulation loop (7) places in the circular groove (2), on the annular plate washer (4), heat insulating tube (8) is installed in the cylinder (3); The lower end surface of heat insulating tube (8) upper-end surface and heat insulation loop (7) contacts, its lower end surface and cylinder (3) lower end surface are close, and the internal surface of heat insulating tube (8) upper tube contacts with the diameter surface of annular plate washer (4); The height of heat insulating tube (8) adds highly that greater than regenerator housing (10) gas working medium honeycomb duct (9) highly adds the range of regenerator housing (10) when following piston motion, and the diameter of heat insulating tube (8) is slightly less than cylinder (3) cylinder diameter, internal diameter is slightly larger than regenerator housing (10) diameter;
---the end socket (11) at regenerator housing (10) top is a hemispherical Shell, the convex surface of end socket (11) in the regenerator housing (10), the radius of curvature of its radius of curvature and spherical crown shell (13) is close; The center of regenerator core (23) top surface and the convex surface top of end socket (11) contact, and the thickness of the shell of end socket (11) approximates regenerator housing (10) thickness; Gas working medium honeycomb duct (9) one ends and regenerator housing (10) top are tightly connected, and wall thickness is close, its length is slightly larger than the range of regenerator housing (10) when following piston motion less than regenerator housing (10) diameter, its wall thickness and regenerator housing (10) greater than sleeve pipe (5) diameter 0.1 millimeter, its diameter for gas working medium honeycomb duct (9) internal diameter; Regenerator housing (10) upper part diameter equals gas working medium honeycomb duct (9) diameter, one through hole (12) is being set to be communicated with inside and outside the regenerator housing (10) on the regenerator housing (10) that equals gas working medium honeycomb duct (9) diameter, a plurality of through holes identical with through hole (12) evenly, respectively are distributed on the regenerator housing (10) that equals gas working medium honeycomb duct (9) diameter;
---hollow cylinder (1), annulus (16) and each annulus, interior annulus (15) and each interior annulus, sleeve pipe (5) and spherical crown shell (13) constitute the heater (25) of Stirling engine; Be positioned at the shaft axis of making a concerted effort to point to heater (25) of the suffered gas working medium atmospheric pressure of heater (25) of cylinder (3) cavity, annulus (16) and each annulus, interior annulus (15) and each interior annulus and drainage tube (6) have been strengthened the ability that heater (25) bears the gas working medium atmospheric pressure; Gas working medium honeycomb duct (9), end socket (11), regenerator housing (10) are integral whole structure and are positioned at cylinder (3), and the shaft axis of the shaft axis of the shaft axis of end socket (11), gas working medium honeycomb duct (9), the shaft axis of regenerator housing (10), heater (25) and the shaft axis of cylinder (3) overlap; High temperature fluid is entered by a plurality of through holes on the bottom interior annulus through drainage tube (6), and upwards pass through annulus in each step by step by a plurality of through holes on the annulus in each, a plurality of through holes from interior annulus topmost flow out, and annulus input heat in each successively; The motion that gas working medium is followed piston successively the through hole (12) on regenerator core (23), regenerator housing (10) top and go up gap (24) between each through hole, gas working medium honeycomb duct (9) and the heat insulating tube (8), a plurality of through holes, end socket (11) and gas working medium honeycomb duct (9) on each annulus and spherical crown shell (13) and in the hot chamber cylinder (14) that the lower end surface surrounded of next annulus work reciprocal mobile, the gas working medium that flows passes through each annulus step by step by a plurality of through holes on each annulus, and absorbs heat from each annulus successively; Place heat insulating tube (8) in the cylinder (3), place heat insulation loop (7) in the circular groove (2) to reduce to flow to the heat of cylinder (3), circular groove (2), reduced the operating temperature of cylinder (3), circular groove (2) simultaneously.
2. according to the described Stirling engine of claim 1, it is characterized in that: dig the outer waveform groove (1051) on the step post (105) annular outside, on the circumferential surface that the circumferential surface of its minor axis and annular outer step post (105) diameter intersects, the opening (1052) of outer waveform groove (1051) is positioned at annular outer step post (105) diameter, its degree of depth approaches annular outer step (102) internal diameter curved surface (109), its wavy surface perpendicular to the circumferential surface of step post (105) diameter outside the annular; Outer waveform groove (1051) one ends and annular outer step post (105) upper-end surface (102) communicate, the other end of outer waveform groove (1051) communicates with annular outer step post (105) lower end surface (104), and many outer waveform groove identical with outer waveform groove (1051) evenly, respectively are distributed on the outer step post of annular (105); Sleeve pipe (5) closely is enclosed within to be dug on the circumferential surface that the annular of outer waveform groove (1051) outer step post (105) diameter is arranged, and the surface of contact of sleeve pipe (5) and the outer step post of annular (105) is connected; Gas working medium is followed the motion of piston and is done back and forth to flow in the waveform groove (1051) outside, and the gas working medium that flows washes away the wavy surface of the outer waveform groove (1051) on its flow direction, and absorbs heat from the wavy surface of outer waveform groove (1051).
3. according to the described Stirling engine of claim 1, it is characterized in that: dig the interior waveform groove (1061) on the step post (106) in annular, the circumferential surface of step post (106) internal diameter intersects in its minor axis and the annular, the opening (1062) of interior waveform groove (1061) is positioned at that annular step post (106) internal diameter curved surface (110) is gone up, its degree of depth approaches annular step (103) diametral surface (112), its wavy surface is perpendicular to the circumferential surface of annular step post (106) internal diameter; Interior waveform groove (1061) one ends communicate with interior step post (106) upper-end surface of annular, the other end of interior waveform groove (1061) communicates with interior step post (106) lower end surface (1041) of annular, and many interior waveform groove identical with interior waveform groove (1061) evenly, respectively are distributed on the interior step post (106) of annular; Drainage tube (6) inserts in the internal diameter of step post (106) in the annular, drainage tube (6) diameter surface and the vicinity, lower end surface that the circumferential surface of step post (106) internal diameter in the annular contacts, the upper-end surface is higher than circular groove (2), the lower end surface is deep into step post (106) in the annular; High temperature fluid is entered, is flowed out from the upper end of interior waveform groove (1061) by the lower end of interior waveform groove (1061), the high temperature fluid that flows in interior waveform groove (1061) washes away the wavy surface of the interior waveform groove (1061) on its flow direction, and inwardly the wavy surface of waveform groove (1061) is imported heat.
4. according to the described Stirling engine of claim 2, it is characterized in that: the major axis of the outer waveform groove of digging, be looped around on the outer step internal diameter curved surface of annular by certain spiral angle, make to differ certain angle on the circumference direction of outer waveform groove top and bottom step internal diameter curved surface outside annular and constitute waveform groove outside the spiral; The groove symmetrical center line of the outer waveform groove of spiral is a spiral wave line, and the spiral shaft axis of the outer waveform groove of spiral and the shaft axis of hollow cylinder overlap, and the many bar spirals outer waveform groove identical with the outer waveform groove of spiral evenly, respectively is distributed on the outer step of annular; Gas working medium is followed the motion of piston and is done in the waveform groove back and forth to flow outside spiral, and the gas working medium that flows washes away the wavy surface of the outer waveform groove of spiral on its flow direction, and the wavy surface of waveform groove absorbs heat outside spiral.
5. according to the described Stirling engine of claim 3, it is characterized in that: the major axis of the interior waveform groove of digging, be looped around in the annular on the step internal diameter curved surface by certain spiral angle, differ certain angle on the circumference direction of waveform groove top and bottom step internal diameter curved surface in annular in making and constitute waveform groove in the spiral; The groove symmetrical center line of waveform groove is a spiral wave line in the spiral, the spiral shaft axis of the interior waveform groove of spiral and the shaft axis of hollow cylinder overlap, and waveform groove evenly, respectively is distributed on the interior step post of annular in the many spirals identical with waveform groove in the spiral; High temperature fluid by the lower end of waveform groove in the spiral enter, flow out the upper end of waveform groove in the spiral, the high temperature fluid that flows in the waveform groove in spiral washes away the wavy surface of waveform groove in the spiral on its flow direction, and in spiral the wavy surface input heat of waveform groove.
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| CN200910094081.5A CN101482071B (en) | 2009-02-04 | 2009-02-04 | Stirling engine |
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| CN104608651A (en) * | 2015-01-16 | 2015-05-13 | 黄斌 | Automobile power system |
| WO2017125005A1 (en) * | 2016-01-19 | 2017-07-27 | 江苏源之翼电气有限公司 | High-efficiency heat engine |
| CN109538374A (en) * | 2019-01-05 | 2019-03-29 | 白坤生 | Stirling engine heat exchanger |
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