CN101482071B - Stirling engine - Google Patents
Stirling engine Download PDFInfo
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- CN101482071B CN101482071B CN200910094081.5A CN200910094081A CN101482071B CN 101482071 B CN101482071 B CN 101482071B CN 200910094081 A CN200910094081 A CN 200910094081A CN 101482071 B CN101482071 B CN 101482071B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a stirling engine. Compared with the prior art, a heater 25 of the stirling engine consists of a hollow cylinder 1, a circular ring 16 and other circular rings, an inner circular ring 15 and other inner circular rings, a sleeve 15 and a semispherical shell 13, the composite force of the air pressure of the air as a working substance on the heater 25 points to an axial line of the heater 25 and a heat isolation tube 8 is added in a cylinder 3; the design lowers the requirements of the cylinder 3 and the heater 25 of the stirling engine on the mechanical strength of advanced heat resistance alloy at high temperature, and meanwhile lowers the heat loss and temperature of the cylinder 3 as well as stabilizes the temperature thereof. Therefore, cylinder 3 and heater 25 can be made of advanced heat resistance alloy of a lower level to attain the same effect as using the prior advanced heat resistance alloy of a higher level, thus reducing the manufacture cost of the stirling engine, improving the heat efficiency and service life of the stirling engine.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of Stirling engine, belong to external-burning type and close the piston-engined technology of circulation.
background technique
The mechanical realization of Stirling engine and the performance of many excellences, feature, in the < < heat engine principle that the sternly kind celebrating of the < < heat engine > > (National Defense Industry Press's front page first impression in October nineteen eighty-two) compiling at Qian Guozhu and Qian Guozhu Zhou Zengxin is compiled in collaboration with and design > > (National Defense Industry Press's in November, 1987 front page first impression) two books, be described in detail, can be used as reference herein, send out friend's patent application: the double-acting type stirling engine that the air distribution piston type Stirling engine that application number is 200810058389.x and application number are 200810058863.9, is also introduced as reference herein.The basic principle of Stirling engine is the mechanical realization of Stirling thermodynamic cycle, and because its mechanical realization also exists some engineering difficult problems, so Stirling engine also fails to be widely used.These difficult problems comprise the consideration to efficiency, life-span and cost; Particularly high-grade high-grade heat-resistant alloy resource amount is few, price is high, has greatly restricted development and the application of Stirling engine.The present invention is devoted to solve these difficult problems.
summary of the invention
The object of the invention is in order to propose a kind of Stirling engine.It is compared with prior art to have changed in the mechanical realization of Stirling engine heater and cylinder to have set up heat insulation facility; It has reduced the cylinder of Stirling engine and the requirement of heater mechanical strength under high temperature condition to high-grade heat-resistant alloy, has reduced thermal loss, the reduction of cylinder simultaneously and has stablized the temperature of cylinder block.Therefore, cylinder and heater can be manufactured and before reaching, use the effect of high-grade high-grade heat-resistant alloy with slightly low-grade high-grade heat-resistant alloy; It has reduced Stirling engine manufacture cost, the thermal efficiency that has improved Stirling engine and life-span.
To achieve these goals, the present invention proposes a kind of improvement project of Stirling engine.The air distribution piston type Stirling engine mechanical realization of now mainly take illustrates as example, its mechanical realization structural principle sectional view encloses as shown in parts in dotted line frame in Fig. 5 with its heater as shown in Figure 1, it comprises heater, cylinder, regenerator housing, gas working medium honeycomb duct, sleeve pipe, wherein:
Step in step and annular outside hollow cylinder upper-end surface direction vertically downward arranges annular.The outer step of annular and hollow cylinder lower end surface and the outer stepped diameters curved surface of annular and the outer step post of the outer step internal diameter curved surface enclosed space looping of annular, the outer step internal diameter curved surface of annular is hollow cylinder upper-end surface diametral surface extension curved surface vertically downward; Step post in step internal diameter curved surface and the interior stepped diameters curved surface enclosed space looping of annular in the interior step of annular and hollow cylinder lower end surface and annular, in annular, stepped diameters curved surface is hollow cylinder upper-end surface internal diameter curved surface extension curved surface vertically downward.As shown in Figure 3.
Outside annular, on step post, dig the outer groove around step internal diameter curved surface outside annular, the groove depth of outer groove is close to the outer step internal diameter curved surface of annular, and a plurality of outer grooves identical with outer groove evenly, are respectively distributed on the outer step post of annular; Between adjacent outer groove, forming the through hole that the adjacent outer groove of connection is set on outstanding annulus, the diameter of through hole is less than the degree of depth of outer groove, and a plurality of through holes identical with through hole evenly, are respectively distributed on annulus; Be distributed on each annulus with through hole identical on annulus, and the through hole mutual dislocation on two adjacent annulus.In annular, on step post, cutting is around the inner groove of step internal diameter curved surface in annular, and the groove depth of inner groove is close to stepped diameters curved surface in annular, and a plurality of inner grooves identical with inner groove evenly, are respectively distributed on the interior step post of annular; Between adjacent inner groove, forming the through hole that the adjacent inner groove of connection is set on inwardly outstanding interior annulus, the diameter of through hole is less than the degree of depth of inner groove, and a plurality of through holes identical with through hole evenly, are respectively distributed on interior annulus; Be distributed in each on annulus with through hole identical on interior annulus, and the through hole mutual dislocation on two adjacent interior annulus.As in Fig. 3, as shown in Fig. 5 and Fig. 6.
Casing wall thickness, outer ring end face internal diameter that the outer ring end surface thickness of circular groove equals cylinder upper-end surface equal cylinder bore, the interior annular end face thickness of circular groove equals the internal diameter that the thickness of hollow cylinder upper-end surface, interior annular end face internal diameter equal hollow cylinder upper-end surface, and the thickness of the shell of spherical crown shell approximates the thickness of hollow cylinder upper-end surface, the annular end face diameter of spherical crown shell opener equals the diameter of hollow cylinder upper-end surface.The concave surface of circular groove in cylinder, the outer ring end face of cylinder upper-end surface and circular groove is tightly connected, the inside diameter surface of annular plate washer is connected with the surface of hollow cylinder upper-end surface diameter, the interior annular end face of hollow cylinder upper-end surface and circular groove is tightly connected, the concave surface of spherical crown shell towards within hollow cylinder, the annular end face of hollow cylinder lower end surface and spherical crown shell opener is tightly connected; The axes extending line of circular groove, the shaft axis of hollow cylinder, the shaft axis of spherical crown shell, the shaft axis of the shaft axis of annular plate washer, annulus and other annulus, interior annulus and the shaft axis of annulus and the coincidence of the shaft axis of cylinder in other; Cylinder, circular groove, annular plate washer, hollow cylinder, annulus and other annulus, interior annulus and annulus, an overall structure of spherical crown shell formation in other.Sleeve pipe is closely enclosed within to dig to be had on the outer step column diameter of the annular of a plurality of outer grooves, and on the surface of casing inner diameter and the outer step post of annular, the surperficial surface of contact of each circle diameter is welded to connect; Casing inner diameter equals the diameter of the outer step post of annular, be highly slightly less than approximately 1～2 millimeter of height, the height that is slightly larger than gas working medium honeycomb duct, the wall thickness of annular outer step post.As shown in Figure 5.
In drainage tube insertion annular, in the internal diameter of step post, its diameter surface contacts with the inside diameter surface of each interior annulus on step post in annular, upper-end surface is deep into the vicinity, lower end surface of annulus in orlop higher than circular groove, lower end surface.Heat insulation loop is placed in circular groove, on annular plate washer, and heat insulating tube is arranged in cylinder; The lower end surface of heat insulating tube upper-end surface and heat insulation loop contacts, its lower end surface and cylinder lower end surface are close, and the internal surface of heat insulating tube upper tube contacts with the diameter surface of annular plate washer; The height of heat insulating tube is greater than regenerator housing height and adds that gas working medium honeycomb duct height adds the range of regenerator housing while following piston movement, and the diameter of heat insulating tube is slightly less than cylinder bore, internal diameter is slightly larger than regenerator diameter of the housing 0.1 millimeter.
The end socket of regenerator case top is a hemispherical Shell, the convex surface of end socket in regenerator housing, the radius of curvature of its radius of curvature and spherical crown shell is close; The center of regenerator core top surface and the convex surface top of end socket contact, and the thickness of the shell of end socket equals regenerator thickness of shell.Gas working medium honeycomb duct one end and regenerator case top are tightly connected, and gas working medium honeycomb duct internal diameter is greater than that 0.1 millimeter of casing diameter, its diameter are less than that 1～2 millimeter of regenerator diameter of the housing, its wall thickness are close with regenerator shell body wall thickness, the range of its length when being slightly larger than regenerator housing and following piston movement.The diameter on regenerator housing top equals gas working medium draft-tube diameter, equaling to arrange on the regenerator housing of gas working medium draft-tube diameter a through hole to be communicated with inside and outside regenerator housing, a plurality of through holes identical with through hole evenly, are respectively distributed on the regenerator housing that equals gas working medium draft-tube diameter.As shown in Figure 11.
Hollow cylinder, annulus and other annulus, interior annulus and other interior annulus, sleeve pipe and spherical crown shell form the heater of Stirling engine, in dotted line frame in Fig. 5, enclose as shown in parts; Be positioned at the shaft axis of making a concerted effort to point to heater of the suffered gas working medium atmospheric pressure of heater of cylinder cavity, annulus and other annulus, interior annulus and other interior annulus and drainage tube have been strengthened the ability that heater bears gas working medium atmospheric pressure.Gas working medium honeycomb duct, end socket, regenerator housing structure in aggregates are also positioned at cylinder, and the shaft axis of the shaft axis of the shaft axis of end socket, gas working medium honeycomb duct, the shaft axis of regenerator housing, the shaft axis of heater and cylinder overlaps.High temperature fluid (high temperature fluid: the high-temperature fuel gas of burning, high-temperature gas air-flow, high-temperature liquid state liquid stream etc.) through drainage tube, by a plurality of through holes on a bottom interior annulus, entered, and upwards pass through step by step annulus in each by a plurality of through holes on annulus in each, a plurality of through holes from an interior annulus topmost flow out, and successively to annulus input heat in each; The motion that gas working medium is followed piston successively the through hole on regenerator core, regenerator housing top and on do back and forth to flow in gap between each through hole, gas working medium honeycomb duct and heat insulating tube, a plurality of through holes, end socket and gas working medium honeycomb duct on each annulus and spherical crown shell and hot chamber cylinder that lower end surface of next annulus surrounds, mobile gas working medium passes through each annulus step by step by a plurality of through holes on each annulus, and from each annulus, absorbs heat successively.Be placed in heat insulating tube in cylinder, be placed in the heat that heat insulation loop in circular groove has reduced to flow to cylinder, circular groove, reduced the operating temperature of cylinder, circular groove simultaneously.
Circumference direction along perpendicular to heat insulating tube, heat insulation loop, can be divided into it more than two sections or two sections respectively equably; Their available refractory ceramics manufactures, as: aluminium sesquioxide, boron nitride etc. is the refractory ceramics goods of basic raw material.
Along the downward direction of the outer step post height of annular, outside annular, on step post, dig waveform groove, referred to as outer waveform groove.The groove symmetrical center line of outer waveform groove is a surge line, and the length of its major axis equals the annular height of outer step, the length of minor axis equals the fluctuating range of outer waveform groove.Cutting is the outer waveform groove on step post outside annular, on the circumferential surface that the circumferential surface of its minor axis and the outer step column diameter of annular intersects, the opening of outer waveform groove is positioned at the outer step column diameter of annular, its degree of depth close to step internal diameter curved surface outside annular, its wavy surface perpendicular to the circumferential surface of step column diameter outside annular; Outer waveform groove one end and annular outer step post upper-end surface communicate, the other end of outer waveform groove and the outer step post of annular lower end surface communicate, and many outer waveform groove identical with outer waveform groove evenly, are respectively distributed on annular outer step post; Sleeve pipe is closely enclosed within to be dug on the circumferential surface that has the outer step column diameter of the annular of outer waveform groove, and the surface of contact of sleeve pipe and the outer step post of annular is welded to connect; Gas working medium is followed the motion of piston and in waveform groove, is done back and forth to flow outside, and mobile gas working medium washes away the wavy surface of the outer waveform groove on its flow direction, and absorbs heat from the wavy surface of outer waveform groove.(wherein: the circumferential surface of the outer step column diameter of annular is equal to the outer stepped diameters curved surface of annular.) as in Fig. 3, as shown in Figure 12 and Figure 13.
Along the downward direction of step post height in annular, in annular, on step post, dig waveform groove, referred to as interior waveform groove.The groove symmetrical center line of interior waveform groove is a surge line, and the length of its major axis equals the interior height of step post of annular, the length of minor axis equals the fluctuating range of interior waveform groove.Cutting is the interior waveform groove on step post in annular, in its minor axis and annular, the circumferential surface of step column internal diameter intersects, the opening of interior waveform groove is positioned on annular step column internal diameter curved surface, its degree of depth close to annular stepped diameters curved surface, its wavy surface perpendicular to the circumferential surface of annular step column internal diameter; In interior waveform groove one end and annular, step post upper-end surface communicates, step post lower end surface communicates in the other end of interior waveform groove and annular, and many interior waveform groove identical with interior waveform groove evenly, are respectively distributed in annular on step post; Drainage tube inserts in the internal diameter of step post in annular, and drainage tube diameter surface contacts with the circumferential surface of step column internal diameter in annular, upper-end surface is deep into the vicinity, lower end surface of step post in annular higher than circular groove, lower end surface; High temperature fluid is entered, from the upper end of interior waveform groove, is flowed out by the lower end of interior waveform groove, and in interior waveform groove, mobile high temperature fluid washes away the wavy surface of the interior waveform groove on its flow direction, and inwardly the wavy surface of waveform groove is inputted heat.(wherein: in annular, the circumferential surface of step column internal diameter is equal to step column internal diameter curved surface in annular.) as in Fig. 3, as shown in Figure 12 and Figure 13.
The major axis of the outer waveform groove of digging, is looped around on the outer step internal diameter curved surface of annular by certain spiral angle, makes to differ certain angle in the circumference direction of outer waveform groove top and bottom step internal diameter curved surface outside annular and forms waveform groove outside spiral; The groove symmetrical center line of the outer waveform groove of spiral is a spiral wave line, and the outer spiral shaft axis of waveform groove of spiral and the shaft axis of hollow cylinder overlap, and the many bar spirals outer waveform groove identical with the outer waveform groove of spiral evenly, is respectively distributed on the outer step of annular; Gas working medium is followed the motion of piston and outside spiral, in waveform groove, is done back and forth to flow, and mobile gas working medium washes away the wavy surface of the outer waveform groove of spiral on its flow direction, and the wavy surface of waveform groove absorbs heat from spiral.
Dig in the major axis of waveform groove, by certain spiral angle, be looped around in annular on step internal diameter curved surface, make to differ certain angle in the circumference direction of interior waveform groove top and bottom step internal diameter curved surface in annular and form waveform groove in spiral; In spiral, the groove symmetrical center line of waveform groove is a spiral wave line, the interior spiral shaft axis of waveform groove of spiral and the shaft axis of hollow cylinder overlap, and in the many spirals identical with waveform groove in spiral, waveform groove evenly, is respectively distributed on the interior step post of annular; High temperature fluid is entered, from the upper end of waveform groove in spiral, is flowed out by the lower end of waveform groove in spiral, in spiral, in waveform groove, mobile high temperature fluid washes away the wavy surface of waveform groove in the spiral on its flow direction, and to the wavy surface input heat of waveform groove in spiral.
In the above air distribution piston type Stirling engine:
At cylinder outer surface, put the outer surface of heat insulating tube and circular groove outside and cover a heat insulation circular groove, outer heat insulating tube and heat insulation circular groove have reduced cylinder, circular groove and have flowed to the heat-energy losses outside Stirling thermodynamic system.
In drainage tube, air can be set---vaporized fuel or liquid fuel mixer, ignition mechanism etc., provide condition for Stirling engine uses vaporized fuel or liquid fuel.
Can in drainage tube, inject liquid state or the gaseous fluid that carries high temperature heat, for Stirling engine provides heat energy.
Pump drainage tube, diameter is slightly less than in annular to the silica glass disk of step column diameter and covers in annular on step post; Solar energy hot spot after focusing sees through silica glass disk and is radiated in the cavity that in annular, step post and hemispherical Shell surround, and inputs heat energy in Stirling engine.
The improvement of the present invention to above-mentioned air distribution piston type Stirling engine mechanical realization, is also applicable to double-acting type stirling engine.This be the engineers and technicians of the art easily associate with hold facile.
Above-mentioned Stirling engine has reduced the requirement of cylinder and heater mechanical strength under high temperature condition to high-grade heat-resistant alloy, reduce simultaneously and stablized cylinder block temperature, reduced the thermal loss of cylinder.Therefore, cylinder and heater can be manufactured and before reaching, use the effect of high-grade high-grade heat-resistant alloy with slightly low-grade high-grade heat-resistant alloy; It can reduce the manufacture cost of Stirling engine, improves the thermal efficiency and the life-span of Stirling engine.This has created advantage for the development of Stirling engine and application.
accompanying drawing explanation
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is further described.
Fig. 1 is the mechanical realization structural principle phantom of Stirling engine of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the circular groove sectional view in Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is that the direction vertically downward of hollow cylinder upper-end surface of Stirling engine of the present invention arranges the outer step of annular and the interior step sectional view of annular.
Fig. 4 is the spherical crown shell sectional view in Fig. 1.
Fig. 5 is cylinder in Stirling engine of the present invention, circular groove, annular plate washer, hollow cylinder, annulus and other annulus, interior annulus and annulus, an integrally-built sectional view of spherical crown shell formation in other.
Fig. 6 be in Fig. 5 A-A to sectional view.
Fig. 7 is the heat insulating tube sectional view in Fig. 1.
Fig. 8 is the drainage tube sectional view in Fig. 1.
Fig. 9 is the heat insulation loop sectional view in Fig. 1.
Figure 10 is the sleeve pipe sectional view in Fig. 1.
Figure 11 is gas working medium honeycomb duct, end socket, the part regenerator shell construction sectional view of Stirling engine of the present invention.
Figure 12 is that Stirling engine of the present invention is dug respectively the sectional view of inside and outside waveform groove on step post outside annular in step post and annular.
Figure 13 be in Figure 12 B-B to sectional view.
Identical reference character is used for representing same parts in the accompanying drawings.
Specific embodiments one
The air distribution piston type Stirling engine mechanical realization of now mainly take illustrates as example, and its mechanical realization structural principle sectional view encloses as shown in parts as in Fig. 5, dotted line frame 26 is interior with its heater 25 as shown in Figure 1:
Step 103 in step 102 and annular outside hollow cylinder 1 upper-end surface 101 direction vertically downward arranges annular.Outer step 102 diametral surfaces 107 of the outer step 102 of annular and hollow cylinder 1 lower end surface 104 and annular and the outer step post 105 of the outer step 102 internal diameter curved surface 109 enclosed space loopings of annular, the outer step 102 internal diameter curved surfaces 109 of annular are hollow cylinder 1 upper-end surface 101 diametral surfaces 108 extension curved surfaces vertically downward; Step post 106 in step 103 internal diameter curved surfaces 110 and the interior step 103 diametral surface 112 enclosed space loopings of annular in the interior step 103 of annular and hollow cylinder 1 lower end surface 104 and annular, in annular, step 103 diametral surfaces 112 are hollow cylinder 1 upper-end surface 101 internal diameter curved surfaces 111 extension curved surfaces vertically downward.As shown in Figure 3.
Outside annular, on step post 105, dig the outer groove 19 around the 102 internal diameter curved surfaces 109 of step outside annular, the groove depth of outer groove 19 is close to the outer step 102 internal diameter curved surfaces 109 of annular, and a plurality of outer grooves identical with outer groove 19 evenly, are respectively distributed on the outer step post 105 of annular; Between adjacent outer groove 19 and outer groove 20, form the through hole 18 that the adjacent outer groove 19 of connection and outer groove 20 are set on outstanding annulus 16, the diameter of through hole 18 is less than the degree of depth of outer groove 19, and a plurality of through holes identical with through hole 18 evenly, are respectively distributed on annulus 16; Be distributed on each annulus with through hole identical on annulus 16, and the through hole mutual dislocation on two adjacent annulus.In annular, on step post 106, dig the inner groove 21 around step 103 internal diameter curved surfaces 110 in annular, the groove depth of inner groove 21 is close to step 103 diametral surfaces 112 in annular, and a plurality of inner grooves identical with inner groove 21 evenly, are respectively distributed on the interior step post 106 of annular; Between adjacent inner groove 21 and inner groove 22, forming the through hole 17 that the adjacent inner groove 21 of connection and inner groove 22 are set on inwardly outstanding interior annulus 15, the diameter of through hole 17 is less than the degree of depth of inner groove 21, and a plurality of through holes identical with through hole 17 evenly, are respectively distributed on interior annulus 15; Be distributed in each on annulus with identical through hole on interior annulus 15, and the through hole mutual dislocation on two adjacent interior annulus.As in Fig. 3, as shown in Fig. 5 and Fig. 6.
Casing wall thickness, outer ring end face 201 internal diameters that outer ring end face 201 thickness of circular groove 2 equal cylinder 3 upper-end surfaces equal cylinder 3 cylinder diameters, interior annular end face 202 thickness of circular groove 2 equal the internal diameter that the thickness of hollow cylinder 1 upper-end surface 101, interior annular end face 202 internal diameters equal hollow cylinder 1 upper-end surface 101, and the thickness of the shell of spherical crown shell 13 approximates the thickness of hollow cylinder 1 upper-end surface 101, annular end face 131 diameters of spherical crown shell 13 openings equal the diameter of hollow cylinder 1 upper-end surface 101.The concave surface of circular groove 2 in cylinder 3, the outer ring end face 201 of cylinder 3 upper-end surfaces and circular groove 2 is tightly connected, the inside diameter surface of annular plate washer 4 is connected with the surface of hollow cylinder 1 upper-end surface 101 diameters, the interior annular end face 202 of hollow cylinder 1 upper-end surface 101 and circular groove 2 is tightly connected, the concave surface of spherical crown shell 13 towards within hollow cylinder 1, the annular end face 131 of hollow cylinder 1 lower end surface 104 and spherical crown shell 13 openings is tightly connected; The shaft axis of the shaft axis of the shaft axis of the shaft axis of the shaft axis of the axes extending line of circular groove 2, hollow cylinder 1, spherical crown shell 13, annular plate washer 4, annulus 16 and other annulus, interior annulus 15 and other inner circle ring and the shaft axis of cylinder 3 overlap; Cylinder 3, circular groove 2, annular plate washer 4, hollow cylinder 1, annulus 16 and other annulus, interior annulus 15 and other inner circle ring, spherical crown shell 13 form an overall structure.Sleeve pipe 5 is closely enclosed within to dig to be had on outer step post 105 diameters of the annular of a plurality of outer grooves, and on the surface of sleeve pipe 5 internal diameters and the outer step post 105 of annular, the surperficial surface of contact of each circle diameter is welded to connect; Sleeve pipe 5 internal diameters equal the diameter of the outer step post 105 of annular, be highly slightly less than approximately 1～2 millimeter of height, the height that is slightly larger than gas working medium honeycomb duct 9, the wall thickness of annular outer step post 105.As shown in Figure 5.
In drainage tube 6 insertion annulars, in the internal diameter of step post 106, its diameter surface contacts with the inside diameter surface of each interior annulus on step post 106 in annular, upper-end surface is deep into the vicinity, lower end surface of annulus in orlop higher than circular groove 2, lower end surface.Heat insulation loop 7 is placed in circular groove 2, on annular plate washer 4, and heat insulating tube 8 is arranged in cylinder 3; Heat insulating tube 8 upper-end surfaces contact with the lower end surface of heat insulation loop 7, its lower end surface and cylinder 3 lower end surfaces are close, and the internal surface of heat insulating tube 8 upper tubes contacts with the diameter surface of annular plate washer 4; The height of heat insulating tube 8 is greater than regenerator housing 10 and highly adds that gas working medium honeycomb duct 9 highly adds the range of regenerator housing 10 while following piston movement, and the diameter of heat insulating tube 8 is slightly less than cylinder 3 cylinder diameters, internal diameter is slightly larger than regenerator housing 10 diameter 0.1 millimeter.
The end socket 11 at regenerator housing 10 tops is hemispherical Shells, the convex surface of end socket 11 in regenerator housing 10, the radius of curvature of its radius of curvature and spherical crown shell 13 is close; The center of regenerator core 23 top surfaces and the convex surface top of end socket 11 contact, and the thickness of the shell of end socket 11 equals regenerator housing 10 thickness.Gas working medium honeycomb duct 9 one end and regenerator housing 10 tops are tightly connected, and gas working medium honeycomb duct 9 internal diameters are greater than that 0.1 millimeter of sleeve pipe 5 diameter, its diameter are less than that 1～2 millimeter of regenerator housing 10 diameter, its wall thickness are close with regenerator housing 10 wall thickness, the range of its length when being slightly larger than regenerator housing 10 and following piston movement.The diameter on regenerator housing 10 tops equals gas working medium honeycomb duct 9 diameters, one through hole 12 is set on the regenerator housing 10 that equals gas working medium honeycomb duct 9 diameters with inside and outside connection regenerator housing 10, a plurality of through holes identical with through hole 12 evenly, are respectively distributed on the regenerator housing 10 that equals gas working medium honeycomb duct 9 diameters.As shown in Figure 11.
Hollow cylinder 1, annulus 16 and other annulus, interior annulus 15 and other inner circle ring, sleeve pipe 5 and spherical crown shell 13 form the heater 25 of Stirling engine, as in Fig. 5, dotted line frame 26 is interior, enclose as shown in parts; Be positioned at the shaft axis of making a concerted effort to point to heater 25 of the suffered gas working medium atmospheric pressure of heater 25 of cylinder 3 cavitys, annulus 16 and other annulus, interior annulus 15 and other inner circle ring and drainage tube 6 have been strengthened the ability that heater 25 bears gas working medium atmospheric pressure.Gas working medium honeycomb duct 9, end socket 11, regenerator housing 10 form an overall structure and are positioned at cylinder 3, and the shaft axis of the shaft axis of end socket 11, gas working medium honeycomb duct 9, the shaft axis of regenerator housing 10, the shaft axis of heater 25 and the shaft axis of cylinder 3 overlap.High temperature fluid (high temperature fluid: the high-temperature fuel gas of burning, high-temperature gas air-flow, high-temperature liquid state liquid stream etc.) through drainage tube 6, by a plurality of through holes on a bottom interior annulus, entered, and upwards pass through step by step annulus in each by a plurality of through holes on annulus in each, a plurality of through holes from an interior annulus topmost flow out, and successively to annulus input heat in each; The motion that gas working medium is followed piston successively the through hole 12 on regenerator core 23, regenerator housing 10 tops and on do back and forth to flow in gap 24 between each through hole, gas working medium honeycomb duct 9 and heat insulating tube 8, a plurality of through holes, end socket 11 and gas working medium honeycomb duct 9 on each annulus and spherical crown shell 13 and hot chamber cylinder 14 that lower end surface of next annulus surrounds, mobile gas working medium passes through each annulus step by step by a plurality of through holes on each annulus, and from each annulus, absorbs heat successively.Be placed in heat insulating tube 8 in cylinder 3, be placed in the heat that heat insulation loop 7 in circular groove 2 has reduced to flow to cylinder 3, circular groove 2, reduced the operating temperature of cylinder 3, circular groove 2 simultaneously.
Circumference direction along perpendicular to heat insulating tube, heat insulation loop, can be divided into it more than two sections or two sections respectively equably; Their available refractory ceramics manufactures, as: aluminium sesquioxide, boron nitride etc. is the refractory ceramics goods of basic raw material.
Specific embodiments two
Along the highly downward direction of the outer step post 105 of annular, outside annular, on step post 105, dig waveform groove, referred to as outer waveform groove 1051.The groove symmetrical center line of outer waveform groove 1051 is a surge line, and the length of its major axis equals the annular height of outer step post 105, the length of minor axis equals the fluctuating range of outer waveform groove 1051.Cutting is the outer waveform groove 1051 on step post 105 outside annular, on the circumferential surface that the circumferential surface of its minor axis and outer step post 105 diameters of annular intersects, the opening 1052 of outer waveform groove 1051 is positioned at outer step post 105 diameters of annular, its degree of depth close to step 102 internal diameter curved surfaces 109 outside annular, its wavy surface perpendicular to the circumferential surface of step post 105 diameters outside annular; Outer waveform groove 1051 one end and annular outer step post 105 upper-end surfaces 102 communicate, the other end of outer waveform groove 1051 and the outer step post of annular 105 lower end surfaces 104 communicate, and many outer waveform groove identical with outer waveform groove 1051 evenly, are respectively distributed on annular outer step post 105; Sleeve pipe 5 is closely enclosed within to be dug on the circumferential surface that has outer step post 105 diameters of the annular of outer waveform groove 1051, and the surface of contact of sleeve pipe 5 and the outer step post 105 of annular is welded to connect; Gas working medium is followed the motion of piston and in waveform groove 1051, is done back and forth to flow outside, and mobile gas working medium washes away the wavy surface of the outer waveform groove 1051 on its flow direction, and absorbs heat from the wavy surface of outer waveform groove 1051.(wherein: the circumferential surface of outer step post 105 diameters of annular is equal to outer step 102 diametral surfaces 107 of annular.) as in Fig. 3, as shown in Figure 12 and Figure 13.
Specific embodiments three
Along the highly downward direction of step post 106 in annular, in annular, on step post 106, dig waveform groove, referred to as interior waveform groove 1061.The groove symmetrical center line of interior waveform groove 1061 is a surge line, and the length of its major axis equals the interior height of step post 106 of annular, the length of minor axis equals the fluctuating range of interior waveform groove 1061.Cutting is the interior waveform groove 1061 on step post 106 in annular, in its minor axis and annular, the circumferential surface of step post 106 internal diameters intersects, the opening 1062 of interior waveform groove 1061 is positioned on annular step post 106 internal diameter curved surfaces 110, its degree of depth close to annular step 103 diametral surfaces 112, its wavy surface perpendicular to the circumferential surface of annular step post 106 internal diameters; In interior waveform groove 1061 one end and annular, step post 106 upper-end surfaces communicate, step post 106 lower end surfaces 1041 communicate in the other end of interior waveform groove 1061 and annular, and many interior waveform groove identical with interior waveform groove 1061 evenly, are respectively distributed in annular on step post 106; Drainage tube 6 inserts in the internal diameter of step post 106 in annular, and drainage tube 6 diameter surface contact with the circumferential surface of step post 106 internal diameters in annular, upper-end surface extend into the vicinity, lower end surface of step post 106 in annular higher than circular groove 2, lower end surface; High temperature fluid is entered, from the upper end of interior waveform groove 1061, is flowed out by the lower end of interior waveform groove 1061, in interior waveform groove 1061, mobile high temperature fluid washes away the wavy surface of the interior waveform groove 1061 on its flow direction, and inwardly the wavy surface of waveform groove 1061 is inputted heat.(wherein: in annular, the circumferential surface of step post 106 internal diameters is equal to step post 106 internal diameter curved surfaces 110 in annular.) as in Fig. 3, as shown in Figure 12 and Figure 13.
Specific embodiments four
The major axis of the outer waveform groove of digging, is looped around on the outer step internal diameter curved surface of annular by certain spiral angle, makes to differ certain angle in the circumference direction of outer waveform groove top and bottom step internal diameter curved surface outside annular and forms waveform groove outside spiral; The groove symmetrical center line of the outer waveform groove of spiral is a spiral wave line, and the outer spiral shaft axis of waveform groove of spiral and the shaft axis of hollow cylinder overlap, and the many bar spirals outer waveform groove identical with the outer waveform groove of spiral evenly, is respectively distributed on the outer step of annular; Gas working medium is followed the motion of piston and outside spiral, in waveform groove, is done back and forth to flow, and mobile gas working medium washes away the wavy surface of the outer waveform groove of spiral on its flow direction, and the wavy surface of waveform groove absorbs heat from spiral.
Specific embodiments five
Dig in the major axis of waveform groove, by certain spiral angle, be looped around in annular on step internal diameter curved surface, make to differ certain angle in the circumference direction of interior waveform groove top and bottom step internal diameter curved surface in annular and form waveform groove in spiral; In spiral, the groove symmetrical center line of waveform groove is a spiral wave line, the interior spiral shaft axis of waveform groove of spiral and the shaft axis of hollow cylinder overlap, and in the many spirals identical with waveform groove in spiral, waveform groove evenly, is respectively distributed on the interior step post of annular; High temperature fluid is entered, from the upper end of waveform groove in spiral, is flowed out by the lower end of waveform groove in spiral, in spiral, in waveform groove, mobile high temperature fluid washes away the wavy surface of waveform groove in the spiral on its flow direction, and to the wavy surface input heat of waveform groove in spiral.
In the above specific embodiments;
At cylinder outer surface, put the outer surface of heat insulating tube and circular groove outside and cover a heat insulation circular groove, outer heat insulating tube and heat insulation circular groove have reduced cylinder, circular groove and have flowed to the heat-energy losses outside Stirling thermodynamic system.
In drainage tube, air can be set---vaporized fuel or liquid fuel mixer, ignition mechanism etc., provide condition for Stirling engine uses vaporized fuel or liquid fuel.
Can in drainage tube, inject liquid state or the gaseous fluid that carries high temperature heat, for Stirling engine provides heat energy.
Pump drainage tube, diameter is slightly less than in annular to the silica glass disk of step column diameter and covers in annular on step post; Solar energy hot spot after focusing sees through silica glass disk and is radiated in the cavity that in annular, step post and hemispherical Shell surround, and inputs heat energy in Stirling engine.
The improvement of the present invention to above-mentioned air distribution piston type Stirling engine mechanical realization, is also applicable to double-acting type stirling engine.This be the engineers and technicians of the art easily associate with hold facile.
Stirling engine embodiment of the present invention is only exemplary, but the present invention is not limited to this.In the scope of the claims in the present invention, the change of making and correction all will fall into scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. a Stirling engine, it comprises heater (25), cylinder (3), regenerator housing (10), gas working medium honeycomb duct (9), sleeve pipe (5), it is characterized in that:
---step (103) in step (102) and annular outside hollow cylinder (1) upper-end surface (101) direction vertically downward arranges annular; Annular outer step (102) and hollow cylinder (1) lower end surface (104) and annular outer step (102) diametral surface (107) and the outer step post (105) of annular outer step (102) internal diameter curved surface (109) enclosed space looping; The interior step post (106) of step (103) diametral surface (112) enclosed space looping in step (103) internal diameter curved surface (110) and annular in the interior step (103) of annular and hollow cylinder (1) lower end surface (104) and annular; The upper outer groove (19) of digging around step outside annular (102) internal diameter curved surface (109) of step post (105) outside annular, the groove depth of outer groove (19) is close to outer step (102) the internal diameter curved surface (109) of annular, and a plurality of outer grooves identical with outer groove (19) evenly, are respectively distributed on the outer step post of annular (105); Between outer groove (19) and outer groove (20), form the through hole (18) that connection outer groove (19) and outer groove (20) are set on outstanding annulus (16), the diameter of through hole (18) is less than the degree of depth of outer groove (19), and a plurality of through holes identical with through hole (18) evenly, are respectively distributed on annulus (16); And on annulus (16), identical through hole is distributed on each annulus, and the through hole mutual dislocation on two adjacent annulus; The upper inner groove (21) of digging around step (103) internal diameter curved surface (110) in annular of step post (106) in annular, the groove depth of inner groove (21) is close to step (103) diametral surface (112) in annular, and a plurality of inner grooves identical with inner groove (21) evenly, are respectively distributed on the interior step post (106) of annular; Between inner groove (21) and inner groove (22), forming the through hole (17) that connection inner groove (21) and inner groove (22) are set on inwardly outstanding interior annulus (15), the diameter of through hole (17) is less than the degree of depth of inner groove (21), and a plurality of through holes identical with through hole (17) evenly, are respectively distributed on interior annulus (15); Be distributed on each interior annulus with the upper identical through hole of interior annulus (15), and the through hole mutual dislocation on two adjacent interior annulus;
---the concave surface of circular groove (2) in cylinder (3), the outer ring end face (201) of cylinder (3) upper-end surface and circular groove (2) is tightly connected, the inside diameter surface of annular plate washer (4) is connected with the surface of hollow cylinder (1) upper-end surface (101) diameter, the interior annular end face (202) of hollow cylinder (1) upper-end surface (101) and circular groove (2) is tightly connected, the concave surface of spherical crown shell (13) towards within hollow cylinder (1), the annular end face (131) of hollow cylinder (1) lower end surface (104) and spherical crown shell (13) opening is tightly connected; The shaft axis of the shaft axis of the shaft axis of the shaft axis of the axes extending line of circular groove (2), hollow cylinder (1), spherical crown shell (13), annular plate washer (4), annulus (16) and the shaft axis of other annulus, interior annulus (15) and other inner circle ring and the shaft axis of cylinder (3) overlap; Cylinder (3), circular groove (2), annular plate washer (4), hollow cylinder (1), annulus (16) and other annulus, interior annulus (15) and other inner circle ring, spherical crown shell (13) form an overall structure; Sleeve pipe (5) is closely enclosed within to dig to be had on outer step post (105) diameter of the annular of a plurality of outer grooves, and the surface of sleeve pipe (5) internal diameter is connected with the surperficial surface of contact of upper each circle diameter of the outer step post of annular (105); Sleeve pipe (5) internal diameter equals the diameter of the outer step post of annular (105), be highly slightly less than the height of annular outer step post (105), be slightly larger than the height of gas working medium honeycomb duct (9); Drainage tube (6) inserts in the internal diameter of annular interior step post (106), and its diameter surface contacts with the inside diameter surface of upper each the interior annulus of step post (106) in annular, upper-end surface is deep into the vicinity, lower end surface of the interior annulus of orlop higher than circular groove (2), lower end surface; Heat insulation loop (7) is placed in circular groove (2), on annular plate washer (4), and heat insulating tube (8) is arranged in cylinder (3); Heat insulating tube (8) upper-end surface contacts with the lower end surface of heat insulation loop (7), its lower end surface and cylinder (3) lower end surface are close, and the internal surface of heat insulating tube (8) upper tube contacts with the diameter surface of annular plate washer (4); The height of heat insulating tube (8) is greater than regenerator housing (10) and highly adds that gas working medium honeycomb duct (9) highly adds the range of regenerator housing (10) while following piston movement, and the diameter of heat insulating tube (8) is slightly less than cylinder (3) cylinder diameter, internal diameter is slightly larger than regenerator housing (10) diameter;
---the end socket (11) at regenerator housing (10) top is a hemispherical Shell, the convex surface of end socket (11) towards in regenerator housing (10), the radius of curvature of its radius of curvature and spherical crown shell (13) is close; The center of regenerator core (23) top surface and the convex surface top of end socket (11) contact, and the thickness of the shell of end socket (11) equals regenerator housing (10) thickness; Gas working medium honeycomb duct (9) one end and regenerator housing (10) top are tightly connected, and gas working medium honeycomb duct (9) internal diameter is greater than that 0.1 millimeter of sleeve pipe (5) diameter, its diameter are less than regenerator housing (10) diameter, its wall thickness and regenerator housing (10) wall thickness is close, the range of its length when being slightly larger than regenerator housing (10) and following piston movement; The diameter on regenerator housing (10) top equals gas working medium honeycomb duct (9) diameter, one through hole (12) is set on the regenerator housing (10) that equals gas working medium honeycomb duct (9) diameter to be communicated with inside and outside regenerator housing (10), a plurality of through holes identical with through hole (12) evenly, are respectively distributed on the regenerator housing (10) that equals gas working medium honeycomb duct (9) diameter;
---hollow cylinder (1), annulus (16) and other annulus, interior annulus (15) and other inner circle ring, sleeve pipe (5) and spherical crown shell (13) form the heater (25) of Stirling engine; Be positioned at the shaft axis of making a concerted effort to point to heater (25) of the suffered gas working medium atmospheric pressure of heater (25) of cylinder (3) cavity, annulus (16) and other annulus, interior annulus (15) and other inner circle ring and drainage tube (6) have been strengthened the ability that heater (25) bears gas working medium atmospheric pressure; Gas working medium honeycomb duct (9), end socket (11), regenerator housing (10) structure in aggregates are also positioned at cylinder (3), and the shaft axis of the shaft axis of end socket (11), gas working medium honeycomb duct (9), the shaft axis of regenerator housing (10), the shaft axis of heater (25) and the shaft axis of cylinder (3) overlap; High temperature fluid is entered by a plurality of through holes on a bottom interior annulus through drainage tube (6), and upwards pass through step by step annulus in each by a plurality of through holes on annulus in each, a plurality of through holes from an interior annulus topmost flow out, and successively to annulus input heat in each; The motion that gas working medium is followed piston successively at the through hole (12) on regenerator core (23), regenerator housing (10) top and the gap (24) between upper each through hole, gas working medium honeycomb duct (9) and heat insulating tube (8) thereof, a plurality of through holes, end socket (11) and gas working medium honeycomb duct (9) on each annulus and spherical crown shell (13) and in the hot chamber cylinder (14) that lower end surface of next annulus surrounds work reciprocal mobile, mobile gas working medium passes through each annulus step by step by a plurality of through holes on each annulus, and from each annulus, absorbs heat successively; Be placed in heat insulating tube (8) in cylinder (3), be placed in the heat that heat insulation loop (7) in circular groove (2) has reduced to flow to cylinder (3), circular groove (2), reduced the operating temperature of cylinder (3), circular groove (2) simultaneously.
2. Stirling engine according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: dig the outer waveform groove (1051) on step post (105) annular outside, on the circumferential surface that the circumferential surface of its minor axis and annular outer step post (105) diameter intersects, the opening (1052) of outer waveform groove (1051) is positioned at annular outer step post (105) diameter, its degree of depth close to step (102) internal diameter curved surface (109) outside annular, its wavy surface perpendicular to the circumferential surface of step post (105) diameter outside annular; Outer waveform groove (1051) one end and annular outer step post (105) upper-end surface (102) communicate, the other end of outer waveform groove (1051) communicates with annular outer step post (105) lower end surface (104), and many outer waveform groove identical with outer waveform groove (1051) evenly, are respectively distributed on the outer step post of annular (105); Sleeve pipe (5) is closely enclosed within to be dug on the circumferential surface that has outer step post (105) diameter of the annular of outer waveform groove (1051), and sleeve pipe (5) is connected with the surface of contact of the outer step post of annular (105); Gas working medium is followed the motion of piston and in waveform groove (1051), is done back and forth to flow outside, and mobile gas working medium washes away the wavy surface of the outer waveform groove (1051) on its flow direction, and absorbs heat from the wavy surface of outer waveform groove (1051).
3. Stirling engine according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: dig the interior waveform groove (1061) on step post (106) in annular, in its minor axis and annular, the circumferential surface of step post (106) internal diameter intersects, the opening (1062) of interior waveform groove (1061) is positioned at that annular step post (106) internal diameter curved surface (110) is upper, its degree of depth close to annular step (103) diametral surface (112), its wavy surface perpendicular to the circumferential surface of annular step post (106) internal diameter; Interior waveform groove (1061) one end communicates with the interior step post (106) of annular upper-end surface, the other end of interior waveform groove (1061) communicates with interior step post (106) lower end surface (1041) of annular, and many interior waveform groove identical with interior waveform groove (1061) evenly, are respectively distributed on the interior step post (106) of annular; Drainage tube (6) inserts in the internal diameter of step post (106) in annular, and drainage tube (6) diameter surface contacts with the circumferential surface of step post (106) internal diameter in annular, upper-end surface is deep into the vicinity, lower end surface of step post (106) in annular higher than circular groove (2), lower end surface; High temperature fluid is entered, from the upper end of interior waveform groove (1061), is flowed out by the lower end of interior waveform groove (1061), in interior waveform groove (1061), mobile high temperature fluid washes away the wavy surface of the interior waveform groove (1061) on its flow direction, and inwardly the wavy surface of waveform groove (1061) is inputted heat.
4. Stirling engine according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: the major axis of the outer waveform groove of digging, by certain spiral angle, be looped around on the outer step internal diameter curved surface of annular, make to differ certain angle in the circumference direction of outer waveform groove top and bottom step internal diameter curved surface outside annular and form waveform groove outside spiral; The groove symmetrical center line of the outer waveform groove of spiral is a spiral wave line, and the outer spiral shaft axis of waveform groove of spiral and the shaft axis of hollow cylinder overlap, and the many bar spirals outer waveform groove identical with the outer waveform groove of spiral evenly, is respectively distributed on the outer step of annular; Gas working medium is followed the motion of piston and outside spiral, in waveform groove, is done back and forth to flow, and mobile gas working medium washes away the wavy surface of the outer waveform groove of spiral on its flow direction, and the wavy surface of waveform groove absorbs heat from spiral.
5. Stirling engine according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: the major axis of the interior waveform groove of digging, by certain spiral angle, be looped around in annular on step internal diameter curved surface, make to differ certain angle in the circumference direction of interior waveform groove top and bottom step internal diameter curved surface in annular and form waveform groove in spiral; In spiral, the groove symmetrical center line of waveform groove is a spiral wave line, the interior spiral shaft axis of waveform groove of spiral and the shaft axis of hollow cylinder overlap, and in the many spirals identical with waveform groove in spiral, waveform groove evenly, is respectively distributed on the interior step post of annular; High temperature fluid is entered, from the upper end of waveform groove in spiral, is flowed out by the lower end of waveform groove in spiral, in spiral, in waveform groove, mobile high temperature fluid washes away the wavy surface of waveform groove in the spiral on its flow direction, and to the wavy surface input heat of waveform groove in spiral.
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| US5675974A (en) * | 1994-01-18 | 1997-10-14 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Heat exchanger |
| CN1231407A (en) * | 1998-02-06 | 1999-10-13 | 三洋电机株式会社 | Stirling device using heat-exchanger with fin structure |
| JP3101471B2 (en) * | 1993-06-30 | 2000-10-23 | 三洋電機株式会社 | External combustion engine heat exchanger |
| CN101280737A (en) * | 2008-05-14 | 2008-10-08 | 白坤生 | Gas distribution piston type Stirling engine |
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| JP2007003130A (en) * | 2005-06-24 | 2007-01-11 | Twinbird Corp | Stirling cycle engine |
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP3101471B2 (en) * | 1993-06-30 | 2000-10-23 | 三洋電機株式会社 | External combustion engine heat exchanger |
| US5675974A (en) * | 1994-01-18 | 1997-10-14 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Heat exchanger |
| CN1231407A (en) * | 1998-02-06 | 1999-10-13 | 三洋电机株式会社 | Stirling device using heat-exchanger with fin structure |
| CN101280737A (en) * | 2008-05-14 | 2008-10-08 | 白坤生 | Gas distribution piston type Stirling engine |
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