CN101476913B - Wireless stem flow sensor and its control method - Google Patents
Wireless stem flow sensor and its control method Download PDFInfo
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- CN101476913B CN101476913B CN2009100781293A CN200910078129A CN101476913B CN 101476913 B CN101476913 B CN 101476913B CN 2009100781293 A CN2009100781293 A CN 2009100781293A CN 200910078129 A CN200910078129 A CN 200910078129A CN 101476913 B CN101476913 B CN 101476913B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a wireless stem flow sensor and a method for controlling the same. The sensor comprises a sensing parameter acquisition unit and a wireless on-chip system, wherein the sensing parameter acquisition unit comprises a heating element clamped on the surface of a stem, and an upstream temperature sensor and a lower downstream temperature sensor which are symmetrically arranged with the heating element as a center and acquire an upstream temperature electrical signal and a downstream temperature electrical signal of the stem respectively; the wireless on-chip system comprises a microcontroller; and according to the upstream temperature electrical signal and the downstream temperature electrical signal, the microcontroller acquires and temporarily stores stem flow data in an on-chip memorizer by a thermal equilibrium method, receives an inquiry instruction and sends the stem flow data out; and a wireless radio-frequency unit receives various instructions sent by an upper computer of a wireless sensing network, retransmits the instructions to the microcontroller, receives the stem flow data sent by the microcontroller and sends the stem flow data to the upper computer by the wireless sensing network. The method adds the wireless sensor to the wireless sensing network and carries out dormancy, the sending of the stem flow data and the adjustment of acquired frequency according to various instruction sent by the upper computer. The equipment is simple, accurate and convenient to manufacture and utilizes a wireless mode to reduce wiring cost.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of sensing technologies, be specifically related to a kind of wireless stem flow sensor and control method thereof.
Background technology
Water is the important component part of plant, is again the important ecological factor of growth and development of plants.Plant becomes gaseous state to water by liquid state, takes away heat, keeps the relatively stable of leaf temperature, could normal growth.The moisture overwhelming majority of plant absorbing all is that the mode with transpiration has consumed, so transpiration rate is as an important factors of plant physiology information, and it is carried out measurement Research is very significant.
Can extrapolate the transpiration rate of plant by measuring plant stem flow in the plant physiology field, the main method of measuring plant stem flow has thermal pulse method, thermal diffusion method and heat balance method of, and thermal pulse method and thermal diffusion method great majority have all adopted the thermal source and the temperature probe of intrusive mood.Application number provides a kind of heat pulse stem flow gauge of non-intrusion type for the patented claim " a kind of non-invasive heat pulse stem flow gauge " of " 200710067985.X " China, this patented claim is provided with a heating element and differential amplification and signal control processing circuit on the plant surface, upstream and downstream at heating element is provided with many to temperature sensor respectively, by to the measurement of thermal pulse, can realize the stemflow of the thinner plant of diameter is measured in the run duration of plant inside.But owing to adopted many respectively in the upstream and downstream position of heating element present position in this technical scheme to temperature sensor, though improved measuring accuracy, its power consumption consumption is bigger, and also increased the cost of whole stem flow sensor, the function of whole stem flow gauge is also relatively single, lacks dirigibility.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of wireless stem flow sensor and control method thereof, this wireless stem flow sensor measuring equipment is simple and accurate, is convenient to make; Communicate by letter with host computer with wireless mode, reduced wiring cost; Also has network function simultaneously.
For achieving the above object, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
A kind of wireless stem flow sensor, this sensor comprises:
The parameter sensing acquiring unit, comprise the heating element that is clipped in the cane surface, be upstream temperature sensor and the downstream temperature sensor that symcenter is separately positioned on its upstream and downstream, be used for gathering respectively cane upstream temperature electric signal and downstream temperature electric signal with the heating element;
Wireless SOC (system on a chip), described wireless SOC (system on a chip) comprises:
Microcontroller, be used for obtaining the cane temperature difference according to described upstream temperature electric signal and downstream temperature electric signal, utilize heat balance method of to obtain the stemflow data according to the temperature difference, described stemflow data are temporarily stored in the on-chip memory, after receiving query statement, described stemflow data are sent to radio frequency units;
On-chip memory is used for the stemflow data that temporary microcontroller obtains;
Radio frequency units is used for receiving the various instructions of radio sensing network host computer transmission and being forwarded to microcontroller, receives the stemflow data of microcontroller transmission and by radio sensing network described stemflow data forwarding is arrived host computer.
Preferably, this sensor also comprises signal processing unit, be connected respectively with downstream temperature sensor with upstream temperature sensor, be used to receive upstream temperature electric signal and the downstream temperature electric signal gathered, amplify, by interface conversion circuit described upstream temperature electric signal and downstream temperature electric signal are sent to microcontroller after filtering and the conditioning.
Preferably, this sensor also comprises Power Management Unit, be used to manage the power supply into the power supply of wireless stem flow sensor each several part, microcontroller obtained the dormancy instruction by the less radio-frequency list after, described Power Management Unit control power supply made wireless stem flow sensor enter the dormant state of low-power consumption.
Preferably, described heating element, upstream temperature sensor and downstream temperature sensing utilize hold assembly to form the cavity cylindrical structural, are enclosed within to make described heating element, upstream temperature sensor and downstream temperature sensor be clipped in the surface of cane on the cane.
Preferably, this sensor also comprises the chip external memory that is connected with wireless SOC (system on a chip), is used for the data that the storage microcontroller sends when described on-chip memory capacity is full.
The present invention also provides a kind of control method of using above-mentioned wireless stem flow sensor, may further comprise the steps:
Powering on back is the cane heating by heating element, gathers the upstream temperature electric signal and the downstream temperature electric signal of cane respectively by upstream temperature sensor and downstream temperature sensor;
Microcontroller obtains the cane temperature difference according to described upstream temperature electric signal and downstream temperature electric signal, utilizes heat balance method of to obtain the stemflow data according to the temperature difference, and the stemflow data are temporarily stored in the on-chip memory;
Wireless SOC (system on a chip) initialization is carried out network measuring by radio frequency units, and the gateway when detecting network in radio sensing network sends the request that adds network;
After gateway received request, allowing wireless stem flow sensor to add network was its distribution network address also, returns the adding successful information;
Wireless stem flow sensor is forwarded to microcontroller by the various instructions of radio frequency units monitoring from host computer after receiving instruction;
Described microcontroller is obtained instruction type, when described instruction type is query statement, the stemflow data in the on-chip memory is sent to host computer by radio frequency units.
Preferably, when described instruction type is the dormancy type, make wireless stem flow sensor enter the dormant state of low-power consumption by Power Management Unit control power supply;
Send alerting signal to microcontroller when described Power Management Unit detects low-voltage, described alerting signal is sent alerting signal by radio frequency units to host computer by microcontroller.
Preferably, described instruction type is when being provided with when instruction and comprising the acquisition time parameter, and described upstream temperature sensor and downstream temperature sensing are carried out temperature signal collection by described acquisition time parameter.
Preferably, also comprise to upstream temperature electric signal and the downstream temperature electric signal of being gathered amplify, the step of the current signal of 4～20mA of filtering and conditioning outputting standard.
Preferably, described radio frequency units also receives the stemflow data that network node sends in the radio sensing network, and described stemflow data are forwarded to host computer by radio sensing network.
Utilize wireless stem flow sensor provided by the invention and control method thereof, have following beneficial effect:
1) can accurately measure the interior liquid stream of cane and take away the temperature difference that heat causes, and calculate the flow of liquid in the cane thus, measuring equipment is simple and accurate, is convenient to make;
2) can add the wireless network of existence automatically, and receive the network identification information that gateway distributes, make things convenient for the host computer of far-end that the object in field monitoring object and the network is mapped;
3) can be wirelessly in real time the stemflow data be sent to the host computer of far-end, reduce wiring cost;
4) have network routing function, can store the information that other node sends in the same network of transmitting;
5) duty of sensor can be controlled flexibly, the dormant state of low-power consumption can be in;
6) can monitor the electric power system of whole sensor in real time, when low-voltage, can send the low-voltage warning message to host computer.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural drawing of wireless stem flow sensor in the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of parameter sensing acquiring unit in the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 3 is the control method process flow diagram of wireless stem flow sensor of the present invention.
Among the figure: 1, parameter sensing acquiring unit; 2, signal processing unit; 3, interface conversion circuit; 4, wireless SOC (system on a chip); 5, chip external memory; 6, Power Management Unit; 11, stemflow direction; 12, the stemflow after the heating; 13, upstream temperature sensor; 14, heating element; 15, downstream temperature sensor.
Embodiment
Wireless stem flow sensor and control method thereof that the present invention proposes are described as follows in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
Wireless stem flow sensor provided by the invention has adopted heat balance method of, upstream and downstream at heating element has only adopted a pair of high-precision temperature sensor, can accurately measure temperature value and draw the axis flow by it, this wireless stem flow sensor has network function, the radio sensing network that can add current existence automatically, and can store the stemflow information of transmitting plant, receive the steering order that host computer sends wirelessly and carry out dormancy, wake up etc., thereby reduce the power consumption of whole wireless senser and prolong battery service time.
Embodiment
Be illustrated in figure 1 as the structural drawing of wireless stem flow sensor in the present embodiment, this wireless stem flow sensor comprises:
Parameter sensing acquiring unit 1, signal processing unit 2, interface conversion circuit 3, integrated wireless SOC (system on a chip) 4 (SoC), chip external memory 5 and Power Management Unit 6.Wherein:
Parameter sensing acquiring unit 1, as shown in Figure 2, comprise the heating element 14 that is clipped in the cane surface, with heating element 14 is upstream temperature sensor 13 and the downstream temperature sensor 15 that symcenter is separately positioned on its upstream and downstream, be used for gathering respectively cane upstream temperature electric signal and downstream temperature electric signal, upstream temperature sensor 13 and downstream temperature sensor 15 all with heating element 14 L that keeps at a distance, on the figure to the direction indication stemflow direction 11 of upward arrow, flow through the stemflow 12 after obtaining heating behind the upstream temperature sensor 13, when heating element 14 begins to heat to cane, the upstream temperature sensor 13 and the downstream temperature sensor 15 that are positioned at heating element 14 upstream and downstream also begin monitor temperature and collecting temperature electric signal, heating element 14 adopts the steady current heating, will form the temperature difference between upstream temperature sensor 13 and the downstream temperature sensor 15.When current rise, take away heat, the temperature difference diminishes between two high-precision sensors, and the funtcional relationship that is inversely proportional between temperature difference and the stemflow can utilize heat balance method of to calculate the plant stemflow by measuring the temperature difference, and this computation process is prior art, no longer describes in detail here.
Preferably, heating element 14, upstream temperature sensor 13 and downstream temperature sensing 15 utilize hold assembly to form the cavity cylindrical structural, are enclosed within to make heating element 14, upstream temperature sensor 13 and downstream temperature sensor 15 be clipped in the surface of cane on the cane
Interface conversion circuit 3 is realized the data transmission of the microcontroller of signal processing unit 2 in the wireless SOC (system on a chip) 4.
Wireless SOC (system on a chip) 4, comprise: microcontroller, be used for obtaining the cane temperature difference according to upstream temperature electric signal and downstream temperature electric signal, utilize heat balance method of to obtain the stemflow data according to the temperature difference, the stemflow data are temporarily stored in the on-chip memory, after receiving query statement, temporary stemflow data are sent to radio frequency units; On-chip memory is used for the stemflow data that temporary microcontroller obtains; Radio frequency units is used for receiving the various instructions of radio sensing network host computer transmission and being forwarded to microcontroller, receives the stemflow data of microcontroller transmission and by radio sensing network the stemflow data forwarding is arrived host computer, realizes wireless transmission.
Chip external memory 5 is used for the data that the storage microcontroller sends when the on-chip memory capacity is full;
Power Management Unit 6 is used to manage the power supply into the power supply of wireless stem flow sensor each several part, and microcontroller obtained the dormancy instruction by the less radio-frequency list after, Power Management Unit 6 control power supplys made wireless stem flow sensor enter the dormant state of low-power consumption.
The control method of above-mentioned wireless stem flow sensor provided by the present invention joins in the based on wireless mesh network of being made up of a plurality of sensors wireless stem flow sensor, and the information in can store and forward netword.Wireless stem flow sensor can receive inquiry and the steering order that the host computer of far-end is sent, and can launch stemflow data, sensor ID number, network father node information wirelessly to host computer when receiving query statement.When receiving the dormancy steering order, stem flow sensor can enter the dormant state of low-power consumption, saves system capacity.
The control method of wireless stem flow sensor comprises step in the present embodiment:
S101, the back that powers on is cane heating by heating element 14, gathers the upstream temperature electric signal and the downstream temperature electric signal of cane respectively by upstream temperature sensor 13 and downstream temperature sensor 14, preferred heating element 14 adopts steady currents to heat;
S102 is by 2 pairs of upstream temperature electric signal of being gathered of signal processing unit with the downstream temperature electric signal amplifies, upstream temperature electric signal and the downstream temperature electric signal of 4～20mA of filtering and conditioning outputting standard;
S103, upstream temperature electric signal and downstream temperature electric signal after will handling by interface conversion circuit 3 send to microcontroller;
S104, microcontroller obtains the cane temperature difference according to upstream temperature electric signal and the downstream temperature electric signal gathered, utilizes heat balance method of to obtain the stemflow data according to the temperature difference, and the stemflow data are temporarily stored in the on-chip memory;
Carrying out above-mentioned image data and obtaining in the process of stemflow data, as shown in Figure 3, wireless SOC (system on a chip) is the executed in parallel following steps also:
S201, scanning and request add radio sensing network, and concrete wireless SOC (system on a chip) initialization is carried out radio sensing network by radio frequency units and is detected, and the gateway when detecting radio sensing network in radio sensing network sends the request that adds network;
S202, after gateway receives request, allowing wireless stem flow sensor to add network is its distribution network address also, return and add successful information to wireless SOC (system on a chip), wireless stem flow sensor successfully add wireless stem flow sensor self behind the network the ID correspondence its network ID unique in network, host computer is that ID number according to wireless stem flow sensor self obtains its corresponding network ID number, number search routing table obtaining communication path by network ID again, wireless SOC (system on a chip) sends to gateway with the relevant information of wireless stem flow sensor oneself, and the relevant information that wherein sends to gateway comprises ID number of wireless stem flow sensor self, and network address ID number of father node in the network topology structure, the self networks address.Network ID number can change when network structure changes, but the ID of sensor self is constant, and host computer is that ID number by stem flow sensor self comes it is monitored, if do not add successfully, returns execution in step s201;
S203, wireless stem flow sensor is forwarded to microcontroller by the various instructions of radio frequency units monitoring from host computer after receiving instruction;
S204, microcontroller is obtained instruction type, and which kind of instruction judgement is, if query statement, execution in step s205, if instruction is set and when comprising the acquisition time parameter, execution in step s207, if the dormancy instruction, execution in step s209;
Whether s205 has stored stemflow information in the microcontroller inquiry on-chip memory;
S206, number be encapsulated in a certain order in the data frame structure of radio sensing network at the network ID of the stemflow data of storing the back microcontroller plant that on-chip memory is temporary, wireless stem flow sensor self ID number, network ID number, its father node, wirelessly this Frame is sent to the host computer of far-end again by radio frequency units, host computer just can confirm that its information of receiving is which stem flow sensor that comes from the network, finishes and carry out next round communication after receiving information;
S207, by microcontroller and electric power management circuit the upstream temperature sensor of parameter sensing acquiring unit and the time interval that downstream temperature sensor is carried out temperature signal collection are set, the time interval that stem flow sensor is gathered can be determined according to the physiological period of residing environment of plant and plant;
S208, after end was set, wireless stem flow sensor returned the status information that is provided with by radio frequency units, informs whether the host computer of far-end is provided with success, finishes and carry out next round communication;
S209 is provided with the dormancy duration of wireless stem flow sensor by Power Management Unit;
S210, Power Management Unit is that the each several part power supply wakes it up when reaching the dormancy duration, finishes and carry out next round communication.
Specific embodiment, microcontroller receives and at first analyzes after dormancy is instructed is any dormancy instruction, dormancy instruction is divided into and wakes type dormancy instruction and host computer automatically up and send instruction control and wake the dormancy instruction up in the present embodiment, automatically waking instruction up is the dormancy instruction that sends by host computer, the dormancy duration of wireless stem flow sensor is set by Power Management Unit, receive that from wireless stem flow sensor the dormancy instruction picks up counting, the duration posterior nodal point of dormancy will come to life automatically when reaching; Host computer sends instruction control and wakes the dormancy instruction up and be meant and receive when wireless stem flow sensor and just by Power Management Unit the dormant state that wireless stem flow sensor enters low-power consumption to be set after dormancy is instructed, and just comes to life after waking steering order up from host computer up to receiving once more.Dual mode has reduced the power consumption of sensor greatly in conjunction with carrying out dormancy control to sensor very flexibly.
Send alerting signal to microcontroller when Power Management Unit detects low-voltage in the present embodiment, described alerting signal is sent alerting signal by radio frequency units to host computer by microcontroller.
Radio frequency units also receives the stemflow data that network node sends in the radio sensing network, and described stemflow data are forwarded to host computer by radio sensing network.
Said wireless sensor network is preferably sampled based on the radio sensing network of ZigBee technology in the present embodiment, because parameter sensing acquiring unit of the present invention has adopted the cylindrical parcel cane of cavity, the interior heating element of right cylinder that is clipped in the cane surface adopts the steady current heating, the upstream and downstream that with the heating element is symcenter has adopted a pair of temperature sensors of high precision to measure the temperature difference, calculate the plant stem flow data by heat balance principle, entire equipment is simple and measuring accuracy is high; The signal of parameter sensing acquiring unit output has carried out standardization, can be easily and wireless SOC (system on a chip) interface; Integrated wireless SOC (system on a chip) makes whole stem flow sensor have radio network functions, the information wireless that sensor obtains can be sent to the host computer of far-end; Wireless stem flow sensor adds behind the wireless network information that other sensor sends in the store and forward netword in order; Wireless stem flow sensor can receive the steering order of far-end host computer and carry out dormancy, reduces the energy consumption of entire system; Wireless stem flow sensor can the self-detection system power supply situation, can send alerting signal to host computer when low-voltage.
Above embodiment only is used to illustrate the present invention; and be not limitation of the present invention; the those of ordinary skill in relevant technologies field; under the situation that does not break away from the spirit and scope of the present invention; can also make various variations and modification; therefore all technical schemes that are equal to also belong to category of the present invention, and scope of patent protection of the present invention should be defined by the claims.
Claims (4)
1. the control method of a wireless stem flow sensor is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
Powering on back is the cane heating by heating element, gathers the upstream temperature electric signal and the downstream temperature electric signal of cane respectively by upstream temperature sensor and downstream temperature sensor;
Microcontroller obtains the cane temperature difference according to described upstream temperature electric signal and downstream temperature electric signal, utilizes heat balance method of to obtain the stemflow data according to the temperature difference, and the stemflow data are temporarily stored in the on-chip memory;
Wireless SOC (system on a chip) initialization is carried out network measuring by radio frequency units, and the gateway when detecting network in radio sensing network sends the request that adds network;
After gateway received request, allowing wireless stem flow sensor to add network was its distribution network address also, returns the adding successful information;
Wireless stem flow sensor is forwarded to microcontroller by the various instructions of radio frequency units monitoring from host computer after receiving instruction;
Described microcontroller is obtained instruction type, when described instruction type is query statement, the stemflow data in the on-chip memory is sent to host computer by radio frequency units;
When described instruction type is the dormancy type, make wireless stem flow sensor enter the dormant state of low-power consumption by Power Management Unit control power supply;
Send alerting signal to microcontroller when described Power Management Unit detects low-voltage, described alerting signal is sent alerting signal by radio frequency units to host computer by microcontroller;
Power Management Unit control power supply makes wireless stem flow sensor enter the dormant state of low-power consumption according to the dormancy instruction, described dormancy instruction is divided into and wakes type dormancy instruction and host computer automatically up and send instruction control and wake the dormancy instruction up, automatically waking instruction up is the dormancy instruction that sends by host computer, the dormancy duration of wireless stem flow sensor is set by Power Management Unit, receive that from wireless stem flow sensor the dormancy instruction picks up counting, the duration posterior nodal point of dormancy will come to life automatically when reaching; Host computer sends instruction control and wakes the dormancy instruction up and be meant and receive when wireless stem flow sensor and just by Power Management Unit the dormant state that wireless stem flow sensor enters low-power consumption to be set after dormancy is instructed, and just comes to life after waking steering order up from host computer up to receiving once more.
2. control method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described instruction type is when being provided with when instruction and comprising the acquisition time parameter, and described upstream temperature sensor and downstream temperature sensing are carried out temperature signal collection by described acquisition time parameter.
3. control method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, also comprise to upstream temperature electric signal and the downstream temperature electric signal of being gathered amplify, the step of the current signal of 4～20mA of filtering and conditioning outputting standard.
4. control method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described radio frequency units also receives the stemflow data that network node sends in the radio sensing network, and described stemflow data are forwarded to host computer by radio sensing network.
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| CN2009100781293A CN101476913B (en) | 2009-02-17 | 2009-02-17 | Wireless stem flow sensor and its control method |
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Families Citing this family (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103149243B (en) * | 2013-03-21 | 2015-05-20 | 西北农林科技大学 | Tree heat pulse transpiration determinator and measuring method thereof |
| CN105488970A (en) * | 2014-09-17 | 2016-04-13 | 哈尔滨恒誉名翔科技有限公司 | Multiple data acquisition wireless radio frequency node based on microcontroller |
| CN104280157A (en) * | 2014-11-07 | 2015-01-14 | 上海艾络格电子技术有限公司 | Low-power-consumption transmitter |
| CN107749157A (en) * | 2017-01-10 | 2018-03-02 | 浙江工业大学义乌科学技术研究院有限公司 | A kind of remote data acquisition system and its power consumption control method |
| CN107246926B (en) * | 2017-07-04 | 2023-08-29 | 安徽鹰峰电子科技有限公司 | Quick multichannel temperature sensor coding system and method |
| CN107748546B (en) * | 2017-10-10 | 2020-04-24 | 中通服咨询设计研究院有限公司 | Intelligent factory inspection system based on LoRa technology |
| CN110568020A (en) * | 2019-09-12 | 2019-12-13 | 安徽农业大学 | Plant liquid flow monitoring device and method |
| CN110596183B (en) * | 2019-09-30 | 2024-03-12 | 西北农林科技大学 | Stem flow signal acquisition node and heat source self-adaptive stem flow measurement system based on temperature compensation and using same |
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