CN101476864A - Sea ice thickness measurement system - Google Patents
Sea ice thickness measurement system Download PDFInfo
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- CN101476864A CN101476864A CNA2009100460729A CN200910046072A CN101476864A CN 101476864 A CN101476864 A CN 101476864A CN A2009100460729 A CNA2009100460729 A CN A2009100460729A CN 200910046072 A CN200910046072 A CN 200910046072A CN 101476864 A CN101476864 A CN 101476864A
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Abstract
The invention provides a sea ice thickness measuring system, which comprises a body, wherein the body comprises an electromagnetic inductor, a sonar device and a control unit, wherein the electromagnetic inductor is perpendicular to sea ice and transmits and receives electromagnetic field signals; the sonar machine is perpendicular to the sea ice and transmits and receives sonar signals; and the control unit is in data connection with the electromagnetic inductor and the sonar machine, calculates a first height of an interface between the body and the sea ice and seawater according to the electromagnetic field signals of the electromagnetic inductor, calculates a second height between the body and the upper surface of the sea ice according to the sonar signals, and acquires the thickness of the sea ice by subtracting the second height from the first height. The invention correspondingly provides a method for measuring the thickness of the sea ice. The system and the method for measuring the thickness of the sea ice realize repeated continuous shipboard observation of the large-range sea ice and can precisely measure the thickness of the sea ice.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the marine monitoring field, relate in particular to a kind of sea ice thickness measurement system of novelty and utilize this system to realize the method for measuring sea ice thickness.
Background technology
Sea ice thickness and variation thereof are forward position focus and the technological difficulties in the global change research due field, and the various countries scientist is being devoted to the technical method seeking to address this problem.
Sea ice thickness is particularly remarkable and responsive to the coupling process of atmosphere-sea ice-ocean, and is directly determining the exchange process and the speed of air-sea energy and material; Dominating the thermodynamics and kinetics feature of sea ice, influencing motion, the deformation of sea ice and freeze and ablation procedure.At present, concentrate the sea ice thickness monitoring technology below main the existence:
Satellite remote sensing technology, along with the fast development of satellite technology and satellite borne sensor technology, the remote sensing application of sea ice thickness progress significantly.But there is not a kind of sensor can realize direct observation so far to sea ice thickness;
Look up sonar technique under water, look up the classical way that sonar technique belongs to ice thickness observation, to look up sonar is equipped on submarine or the underwater robot platform, the sea ice thickness data of obtaining is the data that scientist extensively adopts, but the accuracy of observation of this technology is subject to the position of underwater transducer and the influence that water temperature, morning and evening tides and air pressure change are brought;
The electromagnetic induction technology, this technology has advantages such as contactless, that operating rate is fast, but does not occur the commercial product of electromagnetic induction ice thickness detecting devices so far.
Therefore, industry is badly in need of the sea ice thickness measurement system of a kind of high precision and compact conformation.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the invention provides a kind of sea ice thickness measurement system, this sea ice thickness measurement system comprises a body, and described body comprises: electromagnetic inductor, perpendicular to sea ice emission and reception electromagnetic field signal; Sonar device is perpendicular to sea ice emission and reception sonar signal; And control module, be connected with described sonar device data with described electromagnetic inductor, wherein said control module calculates first height of described body apart from the interface between sea ice and the seawater according to the electromagnetic field signal from described electromagnetic inductor, calculate second height of the upper surface of the described sea ice of described body distance according to described sonar signal, and by highly deducting described second thickness that highly obtains described sea ice with described first.
In above-mentioned sea ice thickness measurement system, body can also comprise: GPS (GPS) device is connected and is used to obtain the locating information of described sea ice thickness measurement system with described control module data.
In above-mentioned sea ice thickness measurement system, body can also comprise: memory storage is connected and is used to store data with described control module data.
Above-mentioned sea ice thickness measurement system can also comprise an auxiliary stand, and this auxiliary stand comprises: vertical bar; Horizon bar vertically is fixed on the described vertical bar and on the lower surface of described horizon bar with described vertical bar a plurality of pulleys is set; Stay cord is along described a plurality of pulley arrangements and away from the body of the fixing described sea ice thickness measurement system in an end place of described vertical bar; And the spool lifter, have a rotating shaft, fix the other end of described stay cord in the described rotating shaft, to regulate the height of described body.
Above-mentioned sea ice thickness measurement system can also comprise laser instrument, is connected and is used for transmitting and receiving laser signal perpendicular to seawater with described control module data; Wherein, the laser signal that described control module transmits and receives to seawater according to described laser instrument calculates the 3rd height on the surface of the described seawater of described body distance, and, calculate the thickness of described sea ice then according to Archimedes' principle by highly deducting the described second ice side of a ship height that highly obtains described sea ice with the described the 3rd.
According to a further aspect in the invention, also provide a kind of measuring sea ice thickness method, may further comprise the steps: from a position perpendicular to sea ice emission and receive first signal; Launch and the reception secondary signal from described position perpendicular to sea ice; And according to first height of the described position of described first calculated signals apart from the interface between sea ice and the seawater, calculate second height of the upper surface of the described sea ice of described position distance according to described secondary signal, and by highly deducting described second thickness that highly obtains described sea ice with described first.
Above-mentioned measuring sea ice thickness method can also comprise: the step of measuring global location (GPS) information of described position.
Above-mentioned measuring sea ice thickness method can also comprise: according to the accumulated snow thickness of the described position of described GPS information retrieval, and the thickness of the sea ice of above-mentioned acquisition deducted described accumulated snow thickness, to eliminate the image of accumulated snow to sea ice thickness.
Above-mentioned measuring sea ice thickness method can also comprise: from described horizontal level perpendicular to seawater emission and receive the 3rd signal; And according to three height of the described horizontal level of described the 3rd calculated signals apart from the surface of described seawater, and, calculate the thickness of described sea ice then according to Archimedes' principle by highly deducting the described second ice side of a ship height that highly obtains described sea ice with the described the 3rd.
Should be appreciated that the above generality of the present invention is described and the following detailed description all is exemplary and explanat, and be intended to the further explanation that the invention provides for as claimed in claim.
Description of drawings
Comprise that accompanying drawing is for providing the present invention further to be understood, they are included and are constituted the application's a part, and accompanying drawing shows embodiments of the invention, and play the effect of explaining the principle of the invention with this instructions.In the accompanying drawing:
Fig. 1 shows the system construction drawing of sea ice thickness measurement system according to an embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 shows the synoptic diagram of measuring sea ice thickness according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 3 shows the synoptic diagram of the auxiliary stand of sea ice thickness measurement system according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 4 shows the synoptic diagram of measuring sea ice thickness according to another embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
Now with embodiments of the present invention will be described by referring to the drawings in detail.
Fig. 1 shows the structural drawing of sea ice thickness measurement system according to an embodiment of the invention.As shown in Figure 1, this system can comprise electromagnetic inductor 101, sonar device 102, laser instrument 103, GPS device 104, power supply 105, control module 106 and computing machine 107 at least.Further specify concrete operations and other technology contents of these devices below with reference to the embodiment of concrete measuring method.
Fig. 2 shows an embodiment of measurement sea ice thickness method of the present invention.
The basis that electromagnetic induction principle is applied to measure sea ice thickness is that the conductivity of sea ice and the conductivity of seawater exist significant difference, promptly the scope of sea ice conductivity between 0～300mS/m and the conductivity of seawater usually between 2000～3000mS/m.The electromagnetic induction sensor transmitting coil produces a low frequency magnetic field (primary field), causes that sea ice induces vortex flow, and the vortex field causes secondary magnetic and detected by receiving coil.Because the sea ice layer is that high resistant, sea water layer are that low-resistance and both resistivity ratios are bigger, therefore under the situation of the conductivity value of known each layer, can comparatively accurately calculate both interfacial positions.
As shown in Figure 2, sea ice thickness measurement system shown in Figure 1 201 is arranged at the sea ice top.Above-mentioned electromagnetic inductor 101 is perpendicular to the sea ice emission and receive electromagnetic field signal, and above-mentioned sonar device 102 is perpendicular to sea ice emission and reception sonar signal simultaneously.Wherein, this sonar device 102 is used for the accurate height of measuring system 201 distance ice faces, i.e. height h1 among Fig. 2; This electromagnetic inductor 101 is used for based on the interfacial height of above-mentioned principle measuring system 201 apart from sea ice and seawater, i.e. height z among Fig. 2.
Get back to Fig. 1, the data that above-mentioned electromagnetic inductor 101 and sonar device 102 are gathered will be sent to control module 103, this control module can be according to from the electromagnetic field signal computing system 201 of the electromagnetic inductor 101 interfacial height z apart from sea ice and seawater, and according to from the sonar signal computing system 201 of the sonar device 102 height h1 apart from sea ice.By height z is deducted the thickness that height h1 can roughly obtain sea ice.
It should be noted that as shown in Figure 2, can cover one deck accumulated snow on the sea ice surface usually.In the occasion of needs consideration accumulated snow factor, according to a preferred embodiment, sea ice thickness measurement system of the present invention also is provided with a GPS (GPS) device 104.This GPS device 104 can be used for the geographical location information of mensuration system 201.Based on this geographical location information, can utilize existing NEVISAT SSO (Sun Synchronous Orbit) platform earth observation satellite to obtain local accumulated snow thickness parameter, to eliminate the influence of accumulated snow to sea ice thickness.
In addition, as shown in Figure 1, control module 106 also is connected with computing machine 107, so that related data is stored and shown.
The polar region environment is being carried out normally implement to measure operation in the process of field survey in the mode of boat-carrying.For can the above-mentioned sea ice thickness measurement system of outer on the quarter side mounting, a preferred embodiment of the present invention further provides an auxiliary stand 301, as shown in Figure 3.
Forward Fig. 3 to, this auxiliary stand 301 can comprise vertical bar 302, vertically be fixed in horizon bar 303 on this vertical bar with this vertical bar, be arranged at a plurality of pulleys 304 on the lower surface of horizon bar, along this a plurality of pulley arrangements and fix the stay cord 306 and the spool lifter 305 of above-mentioned sea ice thickness measurement system body away from an end place of vertical bar, this spool lifter 305 has a rotating shaft, fixed the other end of stay cord on it, in order to regulate the height of described sea ice thickness measurement system body.During measurement, body can be fixed in the specific wooden frame, this wooden frame is shown the ship side outside, the height of instrument can be by 305 controls of spool lifter.Usually, it is 8m that horizon bar 304 need make the minor increment of body and hull, so that result of detection is not influenced by hull itself and make ship drop to minimum to the influence of ice body fragmentation yet.In addition, can effectively reduce the skyborne swing of measuring system like this when ship opens ice with the rope of two tensions aboard ship with the wooden frame both sides are fixing, this mounting system is may command instrument attitude also, and avoids the influence of conductor such as hull to electromagnetic field.
Embodiment 2
Fig. 4 shows another embodiment of the present invention, and this embodiment relates to the another kind of method of measuring sea ice thickness.This method is mainly utilized sonar device shown in Figure 1 102 and laser instrument 103.According to this embodiment, sea ice thickness measurement system 401 should comprise sonar device 102 and laser instrument 103 at least.Forward Fig. 4 to, as embodiment 1, with sea ice thickness measurement system 401 of the present invention, promptly sonar device 102 and laser instrument 103 are fixed in the sea ice top.By with embodiment 1 in identical mode can measure the height H 1 of seawater surface system of distance 401 and the height H 2 of sea ice upper surface system of distance 401 with sonar device 102.Simultaneously, also can measure the height H 1 of seawater surface system of distance 401 and the height H 2 of sea ice upper surface system of distance 401 with laser instrument 103, by H1-H2 just can be obtained icing side of a ship height H by similar mode.Then, utilize Archimedes's the law of buoyancy just can calculate the thickness of sea ice.
In practice, for example said system 401 is advanced along direction a shown in Figure 4, makes described system 401 measure height H 1 earlier, and then measuring height H2.At this moment, because there are significantly difference in seawater and sea ice to the reflection characteristic of laser, so obvious variation can appear in the echoed signal waveform character of the laser light reflected signal that received of above-mentioned laser instrument 103, about three times variation for example occurs.Particularly, the amplitude of the laser signal that described control module 106 can be by detection of reflected or the variation that frequency information detects above-mentioned echoed signal.According to this variation, it is H1 or H2 that described system 401 just can distinguish the height that records according to above-mentioned laser signal exactly.
In addition, in this embodiment, equally can be in conjunction with the GPS device eliminating the influence of accumulated snow, and implement to measure by auxiliary stand 301.Therefore concrete operation steps and ins and outs can not repeat them here with reference to the foregoing description 1.
Particularly, sea ice thickness T specifically can try to achieve according to following formula:
Wherein, ρ
w, ρ
iAnd ρ
sBe respectively the density of seawater, sea ice and accumulated snow, F is ice side of a ship height (containing accumulated snow), T
sThickness for accumulated snow.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the realization that in first embodiment, can omit laser instrument 103 and not influence this embodiment, and also can omit electromagnetic inductor 101 in a second embodiment and do not influence the realization of this embodiment.In addition, preferably, can obtain two and overlap independently sea ice thickness data, thereby extract interfering noise signal for verification mutually by comprising the said equipment 101,102 and 103 simultaneously.Particularly, under the situation of integrated above-mentioned two embodiment, survey check, the measuring error of the sea ice thickness of smooth ice formation can be reduced to less than 10%, the measuring error in pressure ridge district is reduced to less than 20% through actual sea.
In sum, but the present invention has realized the repeated measures of sea ice on a large scale, and can accurately measure sea ice thickness.Sea ice thickness measurement system of the present invention also has high precision, integrated and easy-operating plurality of advantages.
Those skilled in the art can be obvious, can carry out various modifications and variations and without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention to above-mentioned exemplary embodiment of the present invention.Therefore, be intended to that the present invention is covered and drop in appended claims and the equivalence techniques scheme scope thereof to modification of the present invention and modification.
Claims (9)
1. a sea ice thickness measurement system comprises a body, and described body comprises:
Electromagnetic inductor is perpendicular to sea ice emission and reception electromagnetic field signal;
Sonar device is perpendicular to sea ice emission and reception sonar signal; And
Control module is connected with described sonar device data with described electromagnetic inductor,
Wherein, described control module calculates first height of described body apart from the sea ice lower surface according to the electromagnetic field signal from described electromagnetic inductor, calculate second height of the upper surface of the described sea ice of described body distance according to described sonar signal, and by highly deducting described second thickness that highly obtains described sea ice with described first.
2. sea ice thickness measurement system as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described body also comprises:
GPS (GPS) device is connected and is used to obtain the locating information of described sea ice thickness measurement system with described control module data.
3. sea ice thickness measurement system as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that, described body also comprises:
Memory storage is connected and is used to store data with described control module data.
4. sea ice thickness measurement system as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, also comprises an auxiliary stand, and this auxiliary stand comprises:
Vertical bar;
Horizon bar vertically is fixed on the described vertical bar and on the lower surface of described horizon bar with described vertical bar a plurality of pulleys is set;
Stay cord is along described a plurality of pulley arrangements and away from the body of the fixing described sea ice thickness measurement system in an end place of described vertical bar; And
The spool lifter has a rotating shaft, fixes the other end of described stay cord in the described rotating shaft, to regulate the height of described body.
5. sea ice thickness measurement system as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, also comprises:
Laser instrument is connected and is used for transmitting and receiving laser signal perpendicular to seawater with described control module data;
Wherein, the laser signal that described control module transmits and receives to seawater according to described laser instrument calculates the 3rd height on the surface of the described seawater of described body distance, and, calculate the thickness of described sea ice then according to Archimedes' principle by highly deducting the described second ice side of a ship height that highly obtains described sea ice with the described the 3rd.
6. measuring sea ice thickness method may further comprise the steps:
From a horizontal level perpendicular to sea ice emission and receive first signal;
Launch perpendicular to sea ice and the reception secondary signal from described horizontal level; And
According to first height of the described position of described first calculated signals apart from the interface between sea ice and the seawater, calculate second height of the upper surface of the described sea ice of described position distance according to described secondary signal, and by highly deducting described second thickness that highly obtains described sea ice with described first.
7. measuring sea ice thickness method as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that, also comprises:
Measure global location (GPS) information of described position.
8. measuring sea ice thickness method as claimed in claim 7 is characterized in that, also comprises:
According to the accumulated snow thickness of the described position of described GPS information retrieval, and the thickness of the sea ice of above-mentioned acquisition deducted described accumulated snow thickness, to eliminate the image of accumulated snow to sea ice thickness.
9. measuring sea ice thickness method as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that, also comprises
From described horizontal level perpendicular to seawater emission and receive the 3rd signal; And
According to three height of the described horizontal level of described the 3rd calculated signals apart from the surface of described seawater, and, calculate the thickness of described sea ice then according to Archimedes' principle by highly deducting the described second ice side of a ship height that highly obtains described sea ice with the described the 3rd.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2009100460729A CN101476864B (en) | 2009-02-11 | 2009-02-11 | Sea ice thickness measurement system |
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| CN2009100460729A CN101476864B (en) | 2009-02-11 | 2009-02-11 | Sea ice thickness measurement system |
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| CN101476864A true CN101476864A (en) | 2009-07-08 |
| CN101476864B CN101476864B (en) | 2011-05-04 |
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Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102607390A (en) * | 2012-02-28 | 2012-07-25 | 太原理工大学 | Device and method for automatically measuring crevasse width of polar sea ice |
| CN102679861A (en) * | 2012-02-27 | 2012-09-19 | 太原理工大学 | Dual-system ice layer thickness measuring device |
| CN102749663A (en) * | 2012-07-20 | 2012-10-24 | 中国科学院大气物理研究所 | Rainfall weather phenomenon collector |
| CN103278083A (en) * | 2013-05-08 | 2013-09-04 | 南京信息工程大学 | Global navigation satellite signal reflectometry (GNSS-R) detection equipment for sea ice thickness and method for detecting sea ice thickness by utilizing equipment |
| CN106017573A (en) * | 2016-07-25 | 2016-10-12 | 大连理工大学 | Field ice thickness and ice velocity automatic measuring method based on variable-focus image method |
| CN108180819A (en) * | 2017-12-22 | 2018-06-19 | 太原理工大学 | A kind of ice layer thickness measuring device based on magnetoelastic material |
| CN108195282A (en) * | 2017-12-22 | 2018-06-22 | 太原理工大学 | A kind of ice layer thickness measuring device based on piezoresistance sensor |
| CN112365509A (en) * | 2020-11-10 | 2021-02-12 | 山东大学 | Ice early warning method and system |
| CN112504141A (en) * | 2020-11-24 | 2021-03-16 | 水利部南京水利水文自动化研究所 | Intelligent monitoring method and system for ice thickness of whole scene |
| CN113063360A (en) * | 2021-03-15 | 2021-07-02 | 上海工程技术大学 | Sea ice thickness estimation method based on single photon laser height measurement data |
| CN113358081A (en) * | 2021-06-10 | 2021-09-07 | 水利部南京水利水文自动化研究所 | System and method for monitoring thickness of near-shore ice layer in still water environment |
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2009
- 2009-02-11 CN CN2009100460729A patent/CN101476864B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (19)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102679861A (en) * | 2012-02-27 | 2012-09-19 | 太原理工大学 | Dual-system ice layer thickness measuring device |
| CN102679861B (en) * | 2012-02-27 | 2014-07-09 | 太原理工大学 | Dual-system ice layer thickness measuring device |
| CN102607390B (en) * | 2012-02-28 | 2014-09-17 | 太原理工大学 | Device and method for automatically measuring crevasse width of polar sea ice |
| CN102607390A (en) * | 2012-02-28 | 2012-07-25 | 太原理工大学 | Device and method for automatically measuring crevasse width of polar sea ice |
| CN102749663A (en) * | 2012-07-20 | 2012-10-24 | 中国科学院大气物理研究所 | Rainfall weather phenomenon collector |
| CN103278083A (en) * | 2013-05-08 | 2013-09-04 | 南京信息工程大学 | Global navigation satellite signal reflectometry (GNSS-R) detection equipment for sea ice thickness and method for detecting sea ice thickness by utilizing equipment |
| CN103278083B (en) * | 2013-05-08 | 2015-12-09 | 南京信息工程大学 | GNSS-R sea ice thickness detecting devices is utilized to detect the method for sea ice thickness |
| CN106017573B (en) * | 2016-07-25 | 2018-12-18 | 大连理工大学 | A kind of field ice thickness ice speed method for automatic measurement based on variable focus image method |
| CN106017573A (en) * | 2016-07-25 | 2016-10-12 | 大连理工大学 | Field ice thickness and ice velocity automatic measuring method based on variable-focus image method |
| CN108180819A (en) * | 2017-12-22 | 2018-06-19 | 太原理工大学 | A kind of ice layer thickness measuring device based on magnetoelastic material |
| CN108195282A (en) * | 2017-12-22 | 2018-06-22 | 太原理工大学 | A kind of ice layer thickness measuring device based on piezoresistance sensor |
| CN108195282B (en) * | 2017-12-22 | 2020-11-03 | 太原理工大学 | Ice layer thickness measuring device based on piezoresistive sensor |
| CN112365509A (en) * | 2020-11-10 | 2021-02-12 | 山东大学 | Ice early warning method and system |
| CN112365509B (en) * | 2020-11-10 | 2023-10-27 | 山东大学 | Ice early warning method and system |
| CN112504141A (en) * | 2020-11-24 | 2021-03-16 | 水利部南京水利水文自动化研究所 | Intelligent monitoring method and system for ice thickness of whole scene |
| CN112504141B (en) * | 2020-11-24 | 2022-03-29 | 水利部南京水利水文自动化研究所 | Intelligent monitoring method and system for ice thickness of whole scene |
| CN113063360A (en) * | 2021-03-15 | 2021-07-02 | 上海工程技术大学 | Sea ice thickness estimation method based on single photon laser height measurement data |
| CN113063360B (en) * | 2021-03-15 | 2022-08-09 | 上海工程技术大学 | Sea ice thickness estimation method based on single photon laser height measurement data |
| CN113358081A (en) * | 2021-06-10 | 2021-09-07 | 水利部南京水利水文自动化研究所 | System and method for monitoring thickness of near-shore ice layer in still water environment |
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