CN101476472A - Weak-gluing easy-weathering ravelly ground tunnel surrounding rock control method - Google Patents
Weak-gluing easy-weathering ravelly ground tunnel surrounding rock control method Download PDFInfo
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- CN101476472A CN101476472A CNA2009100769997A CN200910076999A CN101476472A CN 101476472 A CN101476472 A CN 101476472A CN A2009100769997 A CNA2009100769997 A CN A2009100769997A CN 200910076999 A CN200910076999 A CN 200910076999A CN 101476472 A CN101476472 A CN 101476472A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for controlling a weakly consolidated and easily weathered unconsolidated rock formation tunnel wall rock. At present, an anchors-gunite-web combined shoring means is usually adopted for the soft rock tunnel shoring. However, the combined shoring is not adaptive to the weakly consolidated and easily weathered unconsolidated rock formation tunnel wall rocks which contain a large amount of soft rock water, form a water catchments channel after being drilled, are extremely easy to weather and disintegrate after meeting water and air, and have the strength close to that of the soil. Therefore, the anchoring effect is poor, and the wall rock deformation cannot be better controlled. The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a method aiming at the control of the weakly consolidated and easily weathered unconsolidated rock formation tunnel wall rocks. The method specifically comprises a primary shoring and a secondary shoring, wherein the primary shoring comprises pipe roof advanced shoring, and a combined shoring of a U-shaped steel supporting frame, a metal mesh panel and jet concrete; and the secondary shoring comprises compounded jetting concrete and a processing base plate. The shoring method controls the deformation of the wall rocks better, and is reasonable in technology and feasible in economy.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of Weak-gluing easy-weathering ravelly ground tunnel surrounding rock control method, be used for the control of various Weak-gluing easy-weathering ravelly ground levels or inclination tunnel surrounding.
Background technology
, rate of strain big at soft rock tunnel initial deformation amount be fast, press characteristics such as big, soft rock tunnel general using contractibility supporting control surrouding rock deformation, anchor and spray net combined supporting means are generally adopted in soft rock tunnel supporting at present.But this combined supporting is for Weak-gluing easy-weathering ravelly ground tunnel surrounding rock and incompatible.Because this class soft rock water content is bigger, boring back forms the charge for remittance passage, adds to meet very easily weathering behind water, the air, disintegration, and intensity is approaching with soil, borehole wall surface very fast formation one deck mud film is equivalent to form a weak structural plane between anchor rod body and country rock.After fixing agent for anchor poles and mud film bonding, the actual shear strength that depends on mud film and country rock of the pulling capacity of anchor pole, the just shear strength of this weak structural plane.Because the shear strength of mud film and country rock is very low, causes the anchor-holding force of anchor bolt deficiency naturally, cause anchor pole to lose efficacy.So provide the anchor pole of adhesion stress in this type of special country rock, can't adopt by the chemical classes material.For the anchor pole that mechanical force is provided such as peg block rock bolt, pipe-seam type anchor rod etc., because the country rock water content is big, weak gluing is in case boring all can cause the softening and argillization of hole wall country rock simultaneously, still can't provide enough shear strengths, corrosion of metal simultaneously also can influence the life-span of anchor pole.Therefore mechanical rock bolt can't play a role equally.In a word, in Weak-gluing easy-weathering ravelly ground tunnel surrounding rock, adopt current anchor and spray net combined supporting, anchoring effect is poor, can not better controlled surrouding rock deformation.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention provides a kind of method at Weak-gluing easy-weathering ravelly ground tunnel surrounding rock control.Specifically comprise initial support and secondary supporting.
Initial support: adopt the pipe canopy to carry out advance support earlier; Set up steel bracket behind the broken rock, draw steel pole to connect firmly with groove between steel bracket, form whole before and after making, increase the integral rigidity of steel bracket, and weld a block plate in each steel bracket canopy leg lower end, to increase the lifting surface area of steel bracket canopy leg lower end, avoid the excessive bundle of steel bracket canopy leg lower end stress to advance to cause in the weak stratum steel bracket frame to move down and to bring into play with support force; Simultaneously apply the concrete foundation pier, steel bracket canopy leg bottom is inserted in the foundation pier fully, to prevent the bottom sedimentation of steel bracket in the bottom of steel bracket canopy leg.Hang reinforced mesh then, simultaneously in the steel bracket canopy, hang steel band, with fixing reinforced mesh.The timely pneumatically placed concrete sealing of full section country rock.
Secondary supporting: the stable back of surrouding rock deformation is sprayed mortar again, and multiple concrete spraying support is met head on distance apart from work plane must not be less than 50m.Multiple sprayed mortar mainly plays the permanent support effect.And the rock of base plate argillization removed, change washer stone sand slurry basic unit, changing washer stone sand slurry basic unit top-pour concrete pavement again.
Protect the anti-drainage works of great attention in the process at whole broken petrous branch.Because this class soft rock water content is bigger, add and meet very easily weathering behind water, the air, disintegration, intensity and soil is near particularity, in case drainage works also is the main part of supporting.Waterproof adopts the spy of " have to doubt and must visit, visit afterwards earlier and the dig " principle that discharges water; The draining employing is installed water pump in the work plane minimum point with other ponding place work plane, roof and floor infiltration and engineering water is in time carried out direct draining to ground.
It is bigger that the present invention has controlled this water content well, very easily weathering behind chance water, the air, disintegration, the Weak-gluing easy-weathering ravelly ground tunnel surrounding rock distortion that intensity is approaching with soil.Technical reasonable, viable economically.
The specific embodiment
Concrete construction at this Weak-gluing easy-weathering ravelly ground horse-shoe tunnel surrounding rock control method is: frame U shape steel bracket, shop steel mesh reinforcement, sprayed mortar combined supporting.Before driving, accomplish fluently the pipe canopy as advance support.Pipe canopy specification: diameter 45mm, long: 2500mm. spacing 300mm, about the overlapping long 1000mm of pipe canopy.Under the protection of pipe canopy advance support, use 1.2 meters of fully-mechanized digging machine cuts; only go out a little spoil, the forestope that moves forward earlier, forestope is processed with φ 108 steel pipes; using the stopper jam-pack when setting up fixes; personnel stand in and set up U shape steel bracket bow member on the spoil of meeting head on, and behind the good line in school, connect with the 15# channel-section steel; front and back link to each other and form integral body; and tighten fixed by nut, and lay the wire lath sheet then, in U shape steel bracket bow member canopy, hang steel band simultaneously.The part of backbreaking behind the U shape steel bracket frame is tamped top board with plank lagging.Go out clean spoil behind the intact U shape steel bracket bow member of frame, find the design base plate, behind the good line in school, begin to set up U shape steel bracket canopy leg, U shape steel bracket bow member is connected chucking with U shape steel bracket canopy leg with clamp, and with screw tightening, weld the steel plate of a 300mm * 300mm * 10mm simultaneously in the bottom of U shape steel bracket canopy leg, apply the concrete foundation pier, cross dimensions 400mm * 600mm is to prevent the bottom sedimentation of U shape steel bracket.Also to connect before and after the two U shape steel bracket canopy legs, tighten fixed by nut with the 15# channel-section steel.Lay two then and help the wire lath sheet, in U shape steel bracket canopy, hang steel band simultaneously.The part of backbreaking behind the U shape steel bracket frame is tamped top board with plank lagging.Every U shape steel bracket is used four channel-section steels and is connected, and every cyclic spray concrete once seals country rock, just sprays thickness and is not less than 60mm.Initial support maximum empty apex distance 2.0m when meeting the roof cracking section, dwindles a circulation pick distance and is 1.0m, maximum empty apex distance 1.0m.Carry out the thick concrete of multiple spray 160mm according to monitoring materials in good time and do permanent support.Because the easy argillization of rock, base plate will have the reservation layer of 400mm-500mm, in case forklift damages base plate by pressure when slagging tap, it is serious to roll argillization as base plate through forklift, adopts the interim shop fixtures of slabstone, treats that engineering carrying out the supporting of permanent cobble shop fixtures after entering to a certain degree.
(1) 25U shape steel bracket supporting
1. support adopts the processing of 25U shaped steel, U shape steel bracket spacing centre to centre 1000mm.
2. support prop setting angle gallery is 0.5 °-1 °, 3 °-5 ° of inclined gallery prop setting angles.
3. full section linked network, first sprayed mortar thickness is 60mm.
(2) linked network
1. net sheet specification: φ 6.5mm Pan Yuan processing, specification 2000mm * 1000mm, grid are 150mm * 150mm.
2. full section linked network, overlap joint is a grid 150mm, the colligation spacing is no more than 300mm.
(3) sprayed mortar is made up of cement, sand, stone and accelerating admixture.Cement adopts 425
#The quartz sand that Portland cement, sand adopt thick medium sand to mix, stone adopt the material footpath to be not more than the rubble of 10mm, and accelerating admixture adopts Red Star one type accelerating admixture.The proportioning of sprayed mortar is a cement: sand: stone is 1:2:2, and the volume of accelerating admixture is 3% of a cement weight.Jetting thickness spray just is 60mm, and multiple spray is 150mm.Just shotcrete support must supporting to fully-mechanized digging machine two fortune belt tails, multiple shotcrete support determines according to observed result opportunity, but multiple shotcrete support meet head on distance apart from work plane must not be less than 50m.
Protect the anti-drainage works of great attention in the process at whole broken petrous branch.As meet head on to occur hanging up red festoons, hang sweat, air turn cold, occur fog, water, the increasing of top board trickle, roof weighting, base plate is heaved or produce the crack, when gushing water omen such as infiltration, water colour dulling, frowziness occurring, must stop operation the solution of taking measures.In time install water pump in the work plane minimum point with other ponding places and carry out draining, water is drained into ground.Work plane drainage plant is selected BQZ5-15-4 type submersible pump for use; Discharge pipe line is selected the DN50 steel pipe for use.
Claims (1)
1. Weak-gluing easy-weathering ravelly ground tunnel surrounding rock control method is characterized in that:
Comprise initial support and secondary supporting;
Initial support: adopt the pipe canopy to carry out advance support earlier; Set up the U shape steel bracket behind the broken rock, draw steel pole to connect firmly with groove between the U shape steel bracket, and weld a block plate in each U shape steel bracket canopy leg lower end; Simultaneously apply the concrete foundation pier in the bottom of U shape steel bracket canopy leg; Hang reinforced mesh then, in the steel canopy, hang simultaneously steel band with fixing reinforced mesh; The timely pneumatically placed concrete sealing of full section country rock;
Secondary supporting: the stable back of surrouding rock deformation is sprayed mortar again, and multiple concrete spraying support is met head on distance apart from work plane must not be less than 50m; And the rock of base plate argillization removed, change washer stone sand slurry basic unit, changing washer stone sand slurry basic unit top-pour concrete pavement again;
Protect waterproof in the process, draining at whole broken petrous branch; The draining employing is installed water pump in the work plane minimum point with other ponding place work plane, roof and floor infiltration and engineering water is in time carried out direct draining to ground.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNA2009100769997A CN101476472A (en) | 2009-01-16 | 2009-01-16 | Weak-gluing easy-weathering ravelly ground tunnel surrounding rock control method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNA2009100769997A CN101476472A (en) | 2009-01-16 | 2009-01-16 | Weak-gluing easy-weathering ravelly ground tunnel surrounding rock control method |
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| CN101476472A true CN101476472A (en) | 2009-07-08 |
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| CNA2009100769997A Pending CN101476472A (en) | 2009-01-16 | 2009-01-16 | Weak-gluing easy-weathering ravelly ground tunnel surrounding rock control method |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102787856A (en) * | 2012-08-13 | 2012-11-21 | 内蒙古鲁新能源开发有限责任公司 | Permanent supporting method of weak cementation soft rock roadway |
| CN102996142A (en) * | 2012-12-25 | 2013-03-27 | 中鼎国际工程有限责任公司 | Mine tunnel supporting structure with fixed hanging rings and construction method thereof |
| CN104895573A (en) * | 2015-04-20 | 2015-09-09 | 中铁二十五局集团第一工程有限公司 | Tunnel loose block fracture zone building method |
| CN112302662A (en) * | 2020-10-29 | 2021-02-02 | 中铁上海工程局集团有限公司 | Construction method of artificial backfill shallow-buried tunnel passing through highway |
| CN113217094A (en) * | 2021-03-29 | 2021-08-06 | 内蒙古上海庙矿业有限责任公司 | Weak cementation strong expansion high water-rich soft rock degradation effect control method |
-
2009
- 2009-01-16 CN CNA2009100769997A patent/CN101476472A/en active Pending
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102787856A (en) * | 2012-08-13 | 2012-11-21 | 内蒙古鲁新能源开发有限责任公司 | Permanent supporting method of weak cementation soft rock roadway |
| CN102996142A (en) * | 2012-12-25 | 2013-03-27 | 中鼎国际工程有限责任公司 | Mine tunnel supporting structure with fixed hanging rings and construction method thereof |
| CN104895573A (en) * | 2015-04-20 | 2015-09-09 | 中铁二十五局集团第一工程有限公司 | Tunnel loose block fracture zone building method |
| CN112302662A (en) * | 2020-10-29 | 2021-02-02 | 中铁上海工程局集团有限公司 | Construction method of artificial backfill shallow-buried tunnel passing through highway |
| CN113217094A (en) * | 2021-03-29 | 2021-08-06 | 内蒙古上海庙矿业有限责任公司 | Weak cementation strong expansion high water-rich soft rock degradation effect control method |
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Open date: 20090708 |