CN101475424B - High power emulsified explosive - Google Patents
High power emulsified explosive Download PDFInfo
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- CN101475424B CN101475424B CN2009100426592A CN200910042659A CN101475424B CN 101475424 B CN101475424 B CN 101475424B CN 2009100426592 A CN2009100426592 A CN 2009100426592A CN 200910042659 A CN200910042659 A CN 200910042659A CN 101475424 B CN101475424 B CN 101475424B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a high-power emulsion explosive and relates to a RJ-type high-power number 1 rock emulsion explosive. A formulation of the emulsion explosive comprises the following compositions in percentage by weight: 75 to 82 percent of ammonium nitrate, 3 to 7 percent of sodium nitrate, 7 to 10 percent of water, 3 to 5 percent of MF composite wax, 0.1 to 0.8 percent of an additive for reducing the crystallization point, 1.5 to 2.5 percent of a composite emulsifier, 0.3 to 0.5 percent of a DRQ emulsion additive and 0.5 to 2.0 percent of an additional rapid vesicant; and the preparation method comprises: a water phase substance and an oil phase substance prepared from the raw materials of the formulation are heated to a temperature of between 85 and 110 DEG C respectively and are stirred at high speed to form a water-in-oil type emulsoid; and the water-in-oil type emulsoid is cooled to a temperature of between 45 and 55 DEG C, is added with the rapid vesicant for doping and is discharged to form a finished product. The explosive has high power, long storage period and high popularization value.
Description
Technical field the present invention relates to high-strength emulsified explosive and preparation method thereof.
Background technology is in the application facet of emulsion [explosive, and its shelf lives and capacity for work (being power again) are the fatal problems of many producers always.The shelf lives of emulsion [explosive was generally six months, did not reach the requirement of export standard, and it is more than 1 year that exported product requires the shelf lives.The capacity for work of emulsion [explosive is generally at 260～310mL, and is relatively poor at some hard rock or special use occasion blasting effect, and the user is dissatisfied.
Chinese patent CN1837163A discloses a kind of high-strength emulsified explosive and preparation method thereof; The power of the emulsion [explosive that this patent is made is bigger; But its weak point mainly contains 2 points: one, the emulsifying agent selected for use of this emulsion [explosive is the polyisobutene succinimide compounds; It is relatively more difficult that the emulsion [explosive shelf lives of making will reach 1 year, and compare (higher about 40 ℃ low below 0 ℃ with winter temperature of summer temperature) under the condition of severe at condition of storage, and the shelf lives can be shorter.Two, the sensitizing agent selected for use of this emulsion [explosive is Sodium Nitrite and acid solution, and the bubble that this sensitizing agent and an ammonium nitrate reaction generate is become by adiabatic compression under the capsular detonative action " focus "; Thereby excite explosive charge, but the bubble size size that this method produces is at random, can not control well; In general, bubble diameter can become " focus " less than 100 μ m, and the bubble that can produce " focus " is effective bubble; Effective bubbles number that this method produces can't guarantee; And the rise time can not control well, the powder stick after of packing into, broken tripe phenomenon are many, thereby influence quality.
Summary of the invention the object of the invention is exactly the defective that exists to prior art, and a kind of high-power, the shelf lives of development are long, cost is low, technology is simple, enlarge the high-strength emulsified explosive of producing easily.
For realizing the present invention's purpose, high-strength emulsified explosive of the present invention is realized through following technical scheme:
Each component concentration weight percent of the present invention is following: an ammonium nitrate 75%～82%, SODIUMNITRATE 3%～7%, water 7%～10%, MF compound wax 3%～5%, reduce crystallization point additive 0.1%～0.8%, compound emulsifying agent 1.5%～2.5%, DRQ emulsion adjuvant 0.3～0.5%, add fast foaming agent 0.5%～2.0%;
Described MF compound wax is the mixture that paraffin, ceresine, Triple Pressed Stearic Acid, petroleum resin, Vaseline, vegetables oil and animal oil are formed; Wherein paraffin accounts for 10～20%, ceresine accounts for 40～50%, Triple Pressed Stearic Acid accounts for 10～20%, petroleum resin account for 10～15%, Vaseline accounts for 5～10%, vegetables oil accounts for 5～10%, animal oil accounts for 5～10%;
Described reduction crystallization point additive is the mixture that sorbyl alcohol and polyoxyethylenated alcohol sodium sulfate are formed; Wherein sorbyl alcohol accounts for 20～60%, and polyoxyethylenated alcohol sodium sulfate accounts for 40～80%;
Described compound emulsifying agent is the mixture that the ester compound of span-80, PCE (Vilaterm succimide) and polyalphaolefin is formed; Span-80 accounts for 30～50%, PCE (Vilaterm succimide) accounts for 20～30%, the ester compound of polyalphaolefin accounts for 30～40%;
Described DRQ emulsion adjuvant is the mixture that Yelkin TTS, oil hydrochlorate etc. are formed; Wherein Yelkin TTS accounts for 20～60%, the oil hydrochlorate accounts for 40～80%;
Described fast foaming agent is made up of two doses of A, B that (the A agent accounts for 20～60%; The B agent accounts for 40～80%); Wherein the A agent is the mixture that an ammonium nitrate, urea, acetic acid, thiocarbamide, water and sorbyl alcohol are formed, and an ammonium nitrate accounts for 15～30% in the A agent, urea accounts for 10～20%, acetic acid accounts for 5～15%, thiocarbamide accounts for 5～15%, water accounts for 25～40%, sorbyl alcohol accounts for 10～20%.The B agent is at NaNO
2Add a small amount of binder in (Sodium Nitrite) aqueous solution; Wherein binder is the mixture that polyoxyethylenated alcohol sodium sulfate, coconut oil diethylolamine, lauryl musculamine acid sodium etc. are formed, and Sodium Nitrite accounts for 20～40% in the B agent, water accounts for 30～50%, binder accounts for 30～40%.In the binder polyoxyethylenated alcohol sodium sulfate account for 60～80%, coconut oil diethylolamine 10～20%, lauryl musculamine acid sodium 10～20%.
The present invention mainly realizes the purpose of high-power through following method:
1, high-strength emulsified explosive of the present invention adopts the principle of zero oxygen balance to come component design, has improved the power of explosive.
2, high-strength emulsified explosive of the present invention is done the power that sensitizing agent improves explosive through the content reduction SODIUMNITRATE of increase an ammonium nitrate and the content of water without nonreactants such as perlite and glass microballons.Generally reduce the content of SODIUMNITRATE and water, the crystallization point of water is raise, thus the shelf lives of reducing explosive, and the present invention has well solved this problem through reducing the crystallization point additive.The present invention replaces perlite and glass microballon to make sensitizing agent through using the fast foaming agent, and fast foaming agent great majority of the present invention contain C, H element, are not nonreactants, and more energy can be provided, and therefore can improve the power of explosive.
3, high-strength emulsified explosive of the present invention can be reasonable control produce the size of bubble, can be controlled at 1.20g/cm to explosive density
3More than, bulk strength is bigger, and quality is more stable.
4, the compound emulsifying agent of high-strength emulsified explosive use of the present invention is: the mixture that the ester compound of span-80, PCE and polyalphaolefin is formed; Emulsifying capacity is very strong; The oxygenant water is closely coated by oil phase with the granularity of 1～3um, and combustible agent, oxygenant contact very abundant, under the capsular effect, can react completely; Discharge beta maximum energy, therefore can improve power.
5, use emulsion adjuvant.Under certain process conditions and water, oil phase component condition, add emulsion adjuvant after, the capacity for work of explosive is significantly improved.Since the existence of emulsion adjuvant, interfacial tension lowering, the flexibility of interfacial film improves, and interfacial film is crooked more easily, and the disperse phase ion is coated by the foreign minister more easily, and so the dispersity of system is higher, particle dia is littler, oxygenant contacts tightr with combustible agent.When system is carried out explosion time, react more complete, make energy fully discharged.
The present invention mainly realizes the purpose that the shelf lives is long through following method:
1, reduce the content of aqueous phase water, water-content is 7%～10% among the present invention, is lower than the content of 12% in the general emulsion [explosive, the shelf lives that can improve emulsion [explosive.
2, select the good emulsifying agent of emulsifying capacity for use.Compound emulsifying agent of the present invention is the mixture that the ester compound of span-80, PCE and polyalphaolefin is formed, and has the emulsifying power height, becomes characteristics such as newborn speed is fast, emulsifying stability height, therefore, can improve the shelf lives of emulsion [explosive.
3, use emulsion adjuvant.Under certain process conditions and water, oil phase component condition, add emulsion adjuvant after, interfacial tension lowering; The flexibility of interfacial film improves, and interfacial film is crooked more easily, and the disperse phase ion is coated by the foreign minister more easily; So the dispersity of system is higher, particle dia is littler, and oxygenant contacts tightr with combustible agent; System is more stable, therefore, can improve the shelf lives of emulsion [explosive.
4, adopt the crystallization point that reduces crystallization point additive reduction an ammonium nitrate, reduction crystallization point additive of the present invention is the mixture that sorbyl alcohol and polyoxyethylenated alcohol sodium sulfate are formed, and therefore, can improve the shelf lives of emulsion [explosive.
5. improvement sensitizing agent; Sensitizing agent of the present invention is the agent of improvement fast foaming; Form for two doses by A, B; Wherein the A agent is the mixture that an ammonium nitrate, urea, acetic acid, thiocarbamide, water and sorbyl alcohol are formed, and the B agent is sodium nitrite in aqueous solution and a small amount of binder, and wherein binder is the mixture that polyoxyethylenated alcohol sodium sulfate, coconut oil diethylolamine, lauryl musculamine acid sodium etc. are formed.Method of use is: be cooled to 45～55 ℃ to emulsion matrix, add B agent (dissolving is subsequent use earlier), after stirring 4～5 minutes, add the A agent, 1～2 minute drug of restir.Gas is emitted in an ammonium nitrate in Sodium Nitrite in the B agent and the A agent, urea, acetic acid, thiocarbamide reaction; Add and stir and the effect of binder, can control the various technical indicators such as hold time of time, the bubble of the size (great majority are less than 100 μ m) that produces bubble, effectively number, the foaming of bubble preferably.And the sorbyl alcohol that the present invention uses plays viscous effect, can carry and coat a certain amount of micro-bubble secretly, is beneficial to generation " focus ".Wherein, the binder of the present invention's use plays very crucial effect.This binder is composite through AS, nonionogenic tenside, zwitterionics; Have good foaming, steady bubble effect; Make micro-bubble be difficult for overflow and distribute, and through changing the ratio and the consumption of various tensio-active agents, not only can change the size that produces bubble, effective the holding time of number, bubble of bubble; And can guarantee that emulsion [explosive is after storing 1 year; The size of bubble, the effectively not too big variation of number of bubble, bubble are become " focus " by adiabatic compression under the capsular detonative action, thereby excite explosive charge.Therefore, the improvement fast foaming of the present invention agent shelf lives that can improve emulsion [explosive.
The present invention compared with prior art has following characteristics:
1. power is high, and common emulsion [explosive power is 260～310mL, improves one's methods through various, and high-strength emulsified explosive power of the present invention is 330～350mL;
Shelf lives long, the high-strength emulsified explosive shelf lives of the present invention is more than 1 year, and condition of storage relatively under the condition of severe (higher about 40 ℃ low below 0 ℃ of the summer temperature) shelf lives with winter temperature do not have much variations.
3. cost is lower; The cost of high-strength emulsified explosive of the present invention and common emulsion [explosive cost are similar, and technical indicators such as explosion velocity, brisance, capacity for work, induced detonation have have all met or exceeded No. 1 rock emulsion explosive performance index requirement in the GB18095-2000 standard.
4. high-strength emulsified explosive production technique of the present invention is simple, can realize serialization production, and the constant product quality of production is promoted the use of easily.
5. high-strength emulsified explosive use range of the present invention is wide, hard rock and have the water explosion to use, summer high-temperature degree area and winter the low temperature area can use.
Embodiment further describes No. 1 rock emulsion explosive of RJ type high-power of the present invention and method of manufacture below in conjunction with instance for further describing the present invention.
It is an ammonium nitrate 82kg (82%) that embodiment 1 gets the explosive component, SODIUMNITRATE 3kg (3%), water 8kg (8%); MF compound wax 4.2kg (4.2%) reduces crystallization point additive 0.5kg (0.5%), compound emulsifying agent 2kg (2%); DRQ emulsion adjuvant 0.3kg (0.3%), A agent 0.8kg (0.8%, add); B agent 1kg (1%, add).An ammonium nitrate, SODIUMNITRATE, water, reduction crystallization point additive are added the water jar respectively, heat, be designated as water to 105～110 ℃; MF compound wax, compound emulsifying agent, DRQ emulsion adjuvant are added the oil phase jar respectively, heat, be designated as oil phase to 85～95 ℃; Put into emulsion tank to oil phase and water respectively, under high-speed stirring, form the water-in-oil-type emulsoid, be cooled to 45～55 ℃ after, add B agent (dissolving is subsequent use earlier) fusion 4～5 minutes again, add then A agent fusion after 0.5～1 minute drug be finished product.
It is an ammonium nitrate 80.7kg (80.7%) that embodiment 2 gets the explosive component, SODIUMNITRATE 6kg (6%), water 6kg (6%); MF compound wax 4.2kg (4.2%) reduces crystallization point additive 0.8kg (0.8%), compound emulsifying agent 2kg (2%); DRQ emulsion adjuvant 0.3kg (0.3%), A agent 0.8kg (0.8%, add); B agent 1kg (1%, add).An ammonium nitrate, SODIUMNITRATE, water, reduction crystallization point additive are added the water jar respectively, heat, be designated as water to 105～110 ℃; MF compound wax, compound emulsifying agent, DRQ emulsion adjuvant are added the oil phase jar respectively, heat, be designated as oil phase to 85～95 ℃; Put into emulsion tank to oil phase and water respectively, under high-speed stirring, form the water-in-oil-type emulsoid, be cooled to 45～55 ℃ after, add B agent (dissolving is subsequent use earlier) fusion 4～5 minutes again, add then A agent fusion after 0.5～1 minute drug be finished product.
It is an ammonium nitrate 77kg (77%) that embodiment 3 gets the explosive component, SODIUMNITRATE 7kg (7%), water 8kg (8%); MF compound wax 4.5kg (4.5%) reduces crystallization point additive 1kg (1%), compound emulsifying agent 2.2kg (2.2%); DRQ emulsion adjuvant 0.3kg (0.3%), A agent 0.8kg (0.8%, add); B agent 1kg (1%, add).An ammonium nitrate, SODIUMNITRATE, water, reduction crystallization point additive are added the water jar respectively, heat, be designated as water to 105～110 ℃; MF compound wax, compound emulsifying agent, DRQ emulsion adjuvant are added the oil phase jar respectively, heat, be designated as oil phase to 85～95 ℃; Put into emulsion tank to oil phase and water respectively, under high-speed stirring, form the water-in-oil-type emulsoid, be cooled to 45～55 ℃ after, add B agent (dissolving is subsequent use earlier) fusion 4～5 minutes again, add the A agent then, fusion after 0.5～1 minute drug be finished product.
It is an ammonium nitrate 78kg (78%) that comparing embodiment is got the explosive component, SODIUMNITRATE 7kg (7%), water 8kg (8%); Compound wax 4.5kg (4.5%) reduces crystallization point additive 0.5kg (0.5%), many succimides of polyisobutene emulsifying agent 2.0kg (2.0%); A agent (Sodium Nitrite, water) 0.2kg (0.2%; Add), B agent (acetic acid, water) 0.2kg (0.2%, add).An ammonium nitrate, SODIUMNITRATE, water, reduction crystallization point additive are added the water jar respectively, heat, be designated as water to 105～110 ℃; Compound wax, many succimides of polyisobutene emulsifying agent are added the oil phase jar respectively, heat, be designated as oil phase to 85～95 ℃; Put into emulsion tank to oil phase and water respectively, under high-speed stirring, form the water-in-oil-type emulsoid, be cooled to 35～55 ℃ after, add B agent fusion 4～5 minutes again, add the A agent then, fusion after 0.5～1 minute drug be finished product.
The technical indicator table of each embodiment
| Sequence number | Explosion velocity (* 10 3m/s) | Induced detonation (cm) | Brisance (mm) | Power (mL) | Explosive density (g/cm 3 ) | Shelf lives (moon) |
| Embodiment 1 | ≥5.5 | ≥10 | ≥19.0 | ?≥350 | ≥1.20 | ≥15 |
| Embodiment 2 | ≥5.5 | ≥9 | ≥18.7 | ?≥346 | ≥1.20 | ≥15 |
| Embodiment 3 | ≥5.3 | ≥7 | ≥17.0 | ?≥333 | ≥1.20 | ≥15 |
| Comparing embodiment | ≥5.0 | ≥6 | ≥16.0 | ?≥322 | ≥1.18 | ≤6 |
Comparing embodiment sample explosion velocity, induced detonation, brisance, power each item technical indicator is obviously on the low side, stores and has just lost cap-sensitivity half a year, during the higher 40 ℃ of left and right sides of summer temperature, stores three months and has just lost cap-sensitivity.And the charge density fluctuation is too big, and bulk strength is less than normal, and quality is unstable.And embodiment 3 stores more than 1 year explosion velocity, induced detonation, brisance, power each item technical indicator and does not have too big variation, stores still to have cap-sensitivity more than 2 years, this shows that high-strength emulsified explosive of the present invention is a good technology, is worth of widely use.
Claims (1)
1. a high-strength emulsified explosive is characterized in that; The compsn that comprises the following substances weight percentages of components; An ammonium nitrate 75%～82%, SODIUMNITRATE 3%～7%, water 7%～10%, MF compound wax 3%～5%, reduce crystallization point additive 0.1%～0.8%, compound emulsifying agent 1.5%～2.5%, DRQ emulsion adjuvant 0.3～0.5%, add fast foaming agent 0.5%～2.0%.Described fast foaming agent is by A, two doses of mixtures of forming of B; Wherein the A agent accounts for 20～60%, the B agent accounts for 40～80%; A agent weight percentages is an ammonium nitrate 15～30%, urea 10～20%, acetic acid 5～15%, thiocarbamide 5～15%, water 25～40%, sorbyl alcohol 10～20%; B agent weight percentages is Sodium Nitrite 20～40%, water 30～50%, binder 30～40%, polyoxyethylenated alcohol sodium sulfate 60～80%, coconut oil diethylolamine 10～20%, lauryl musculamine acid sodium 10～20% in the binder.
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| PE20110491A1 (en) * | 2009-11-23 | 2011-07-22 | Ind Minco S A C | WATER-IN-OIL TYPE EMULSION AS BLASTING AGENT |
| CN101870626B (en) * | 2010-06-18 | 2014-08-27 | 广东华威化工集团有限公司 | Fast sensitizer for emulsion explosive |
| CN102060634B (en) * | 2010-11-30 | 2012-09-19 | 山东天宝化工有限公司 | Emulsion explosive and rapid chemical foaming sensitization method thereof |
| CN102731227A (en) * | 2011-04-11 | 2012-10-17 | 四川雅化实业集团股份有限公司 | Composite emulsifier used for emulsion explosive |
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| CN103159576B (en) * | 2011-12-12 | 2015-04-15 | 青岛拓极采矿服务有限公司 | Low-viscosity pumpable emulsion explosive substrate and preparation method thereof |
| CN102659493B (en) * | 2012-05-22 | 2015-01-21 | 大连安泰化工有限公司 | Emulsion explosive and preparation method thereof |
| CN102675005B (en) * | 2012-05-28 | 2014-10-08 | 广东宏大爆破股份有限公司 | Emulsion explosive used in deep water blasting and preparation method thereof |
| CN103183574A (en) * | 2013-03-07 | 2013-07-03 | 许畅 | Composite oil phase for production of ammonium nitrate fuel oil mixture |
| CN103242114A (en) * | 2013-04-23 | 2013-08-14 | 福建达安能源实业有限责任公司 | Preparation method of special bio-oil for emulsified explosives |
| CN104326851A (en) * | 2014-10-20 | 2015-02-04 | 宜兴市阳生化工有限公司 | Water-resisting colloidal emulsion explosive and preparation method thereof |
| CN104726150A (en) * | 2015-02-13 | 2015-06-24 | 宁波柯林菲尔节能环保科技有限公司 | Fuel oil micro-emulsifier and preparation method thereof |
| CN105949015A (en) * | 2016-04-26 | 2016-09-21 | 石门成功高分子材料制造有限公司 | Density regulator for powder explosive |
| CN106635258A (en) * | 2016-11-04 | 2017-05-10 | 苏州圣鑫莱新材料有限公司 | Magnetic anti-wearing lubricating oil and preparation method thereof |
| CN107285970A (en) * | 2017-05-05 | 2017-10-24 | 湖北东神楚天化工有限公司 | Sub-terrain mines emulsion and preparation method thereof |
| CN110950722B (en) * | 2019-11-08 | 2021-03-16 | 湖北东神天神实业有限公司 | Foaming agent for emulsion explosive for preventing sensitized bubbles from escaping and preparation method thereof |
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Address after: 425202 No. 6, Shuangbei Road, Longbo Town, Shuangpai County, Yongzhou City, Hunan Province Patentee after: Yipuli Co.,Ltd. Address before: 425202 Shuangpai County of Hunan Province town double long Bo Road No. 6 Patentee before: HUNAN NANLING INDUSTRY EXPLOSIVE MATERIAL Co.,Ltd. |