CN101475400B - Floamed ceramic reinforcing fiber porous ceramic - Google Patents
Floamed ceramic reinforcing fiber porous ceramic Download PDFInfo
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- CN101475400B CN101475400B CN 200810025610 CN200810025610A CN101475400B CN 101475400 B CN101475400 B CN 101475400B CN 200810025610 CN200810025610 CN 200810025610 CN 200810025610 A CN200810025610 A CN 200810025610A CN 101475400 B CN101475400 B CN 101475400B
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Abstract
The invention relates to novel foamed ceramics reinforced fiber porous ceramics. Chopped fibers are uniformly filled into holes which are communicated with each other through foamed ceramics by changing the production technology and adopting a stirring-suction filtration method, and the foamed ceramics/fiber composite porous ceramics with high strength, high porosity and three-dimensional continuous holes are prepared, wherein the foamed ceramics are taken as a framework of the composite porous ceramics, have reinforcing and supporting functions, and solve the problem of the strength of the fiber porous ceramics; and fibers are mutually assembled to form small holes which are then taken as a filtration medium. The invention simultaneously discloses a method and a device for preparing the foamed ceramics/fiber composite porous ceramics. The invention has the obvious advantages of high product strength, good porosity and air permeability, uniform filling, simple technique and equipment of a forming method, convenient operation, easy demolding, long service life of production equipment, etc.
Description
Affiliated technical field
The present invention relates to porous fiber ceramic, especially to foamed ceramics porous fiber ceramic weave construction and preparation technology's improvement.
Background technology
In recent years, along with the development of clean coal technology and high temperature gas cleaning technology, countries in the world are more and more high to the performance requriements of high-temperature-resistant filtering material.Traditional screening and dedusting method is owing to being subject to the resistant to elevated temperatures restriction of filtering material, and its application is subject to great restriction.Also claim porous fiber ceramic because to have a high temperature high voltage resistant, resist chemical, Heat stability is good, particle removal efficiency high by the porous material of ceramic fiber preparation, the advantage such as fluid resistance is little is used for the high temperature gas cleaning aspect and has the advantage that can not replace.Porous fiber ceramic is because its three-dimensional continuously hole simultaneously, has high specific surface area, the advantages such as characteristic of small aperture and fiber self, as the auto-exhaust catalyst carrier, the molten metal secondary filter, composite preform, also there is important application the aspects such as heat-storing material porous matrix.
Porous fiber ceramic mainly is textile property or the very thin form of utilizing fiber, mutually is configured to a kind of porous material of three-dimensional hole.The method of its moulding comprises fibrage, winding, vacuum filtration method, pressurization fluid-discharge therapy etc.Also there is following defective in these forming methods and products thereof:
(1) fibrage, winding method need to adopt continuous fibre, and Processes and apparatus is complicated.The continuous fibre major part also just is in conceptual phase at present, also do not become real feasible forming method, and product cost reasonable maturation, that spinning property is good is very high, and price is very expensive.
(2) although to have technique simple for vacuum filtration method or pressurization fluid-discharge therapy, need not continuous fibre, the characteristics that cost is low; But its product physical strength is low, so that the application of porous fiber ceramic is restricted.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of patent of the present invention is: by designing the product weave construction of new moulding process, preparation technology and Xin, design new foamed ceramics/fiber composite porous ceramics preparation facilities, overcome the low shortcoming of porous fiber ceramic physical strength, it is widely used; Simultaneously, make product have three-dimensional continuous pore space structure, staple fibre is filled evenly, and product strength is high, void content is high, and pore is even.
The present invention is achieved in that
A kind of floamed ceramic reinforcing fiber porous ceramic, the staple fibre uniform filling is in the hole that foamed ceramics is communicated with, prepared foamed ceramics/fiber composite porous ceramics has high strength, high porosity, have three-dimensional continuous pore space structure, wherein foamed ceramics plays enhancing and supporting role as the skeleton of composite porous ceramic, solved the strength problem of porous fiber ceramic, fiber is configured to said minuscule hole mutually as filtration medium; Its forming method adopts stirring-suction method, in mould, add rare finely disseminated ceramic slurry, high-speed stirring control simultaneously water spill speed so that fiber can uniform filling in all communicating apertures of foamed ceramics, avoid fiber to stop up hole and can't fill whole holes at the foamed ceramics surface sediment; Add again caking agent after moulding is complete, adopt the vacuum filtration method so that unnecessary water and caking agent are discharged; Fiber need to be cut short to 2-4mm, will add simultaneously dispersion agent and a large amount of water, is made into extremely rare slip; This me fibrous slurry is conducive to uniform filling foamed ceramics inner void; Stirring velocity will reach 600r/min at least, for making all communicating apertures that fiber can the uniform filling foamed ceramics, need to control the eliminating speed of water in high-speed stirring, and speed is higher, more is conducive to the uniform filling of fiber; Contour machining equipment has stirrer, forming mould, sealing member, waste liquid pool, filter flask, vacuum pump etc., after moulding is finished on the technique, add again caking agent, connect into mould, filter flask and vacuum pump, then start the unnecessary water of vacuum pump suction filtration and caking agent; Foam ceramic material can be aluminum oxide, can be silicon carbide, also can be aluminium titanates.
The present invention has designed the method and apparatus for the preparation of foamed ceramics/fiber composite porous ceramics simultaneously.
Concrete technological line of the present invention and technical process are:
(1) the good needed fiber of weighing cuts short fiber to 2-4mm, adds entry, and dispersion agent applies stirring, forms uniform me fibrous slurry.
(2) have pore in the bottom, be lined with the foamed ceramics of packing in the mould of screen cloth.
(3) topped up with water in mould is carried out high-speed stirring to water, adds simultaneously a small amount of me fibrous slurry.
(4) water is constantly discharged from screen cloth, need to constantly add me fibrous slurry, the speed that the water of controlling well is discharged until me fibrous slurry all join in the mould.Fiber is in high-speed stirring and the downward exclusion process of liquid, and constantly the hole of the connection of filled and process pottery inside forms foamed ceramics/fiber compound structure, and is unlikely to stop up at surface sediment.
(5) treat that liquid all got rid of, stop to stir, add inorganic adhesive, vacuum filtration is got rid of unnecessary water and caking agent.
(6) demoulding, drying is burnt till.
Above-mentioned foamed ceramics has the porous ceramics of connected holes for take organic foam plastic as presoma production.
Fiber in the ceramic fiber slip need to carry out shearing treatment, will add simultaneously dispersion agent and a large amount of water, is made into extremely rare slip.This me fibrous slurry is conducive to uniform filling foamed ceramics inner void.
Above-mentioned high-speed stirring speed will reach 600r/min at least, need control the eliminating speed of water in the time of high-speed stirring, its objective is so that fiber can the uniform filling foamed ceramics all communicating apertures, avoid fiber to stop up hole at the foamed ceramics surface sediment.Speed is higher, more is conducive to the uniform filling of fiber.
The required molding device of above-mentioned moulding process comprises forming mould, stirrer, waste liquid pool, filter flask, vacuum pump etc.; Wherein forming mould comprises funnel, porous plate, screen cloth, sealing member.For the ease of the demoulding, the porous plate of employing activity, only need to oppositely release from the funnel bottom with glass stick and get final product this moment.Also can adopt Sha Shi funnel, screen cloth, sealing member etc., need to utilize the pressurized air blowback demoulding this moment.
The size of funnel and specification are determined according to the product of moulding, prepare the square product such as needs, need to add the square foamed ceramics, the slightly large funnel that needs simultaneously size to compare, and fill with sponge the gap.
By adopting above-mentioned Preparation equipment and preparation technology, just can produce and have three-dimensional continuous pore space structure, staple fibre is filled evenly, and product strength is high, void content is high, and pore is even, and its widely used floamed ceramic reinforcing fiber porous ceramic.The foamed ceramics of high porosity plays enhancing and supporting role as the skeleton of composite porous ceramic, has solved the strength problem of porous fiber ceramic.Fiber is configured to said minuscule hole mutually then as filtration medium.The product of explained hereafter of the present invention can be used for high-temperature flue gas filter, auto-exhaust catalyst carrier etc., in addition, can also be used for molten metal secondary filter, matrix material porous preform, heat-storing material porous ceramic matrices suitable etc.
Advantage of the present invention is: (1) utilizes the preparation of stirring-suction method, and foamed ceramics/fiber composite porous ceramics product strength is high, and void content is high, good permeability, and pore is even.(2) adopt and to add first water and be made into the solvent or diluent slurry, add again the method for caking agent after the moulding, saved the consumption of caking agent, reduced the consume of caking agent and to the corrosive nature of equipment.(3) to have technology and equipment technique simple, easy to operate for forming method, and cost is low, is easy to the advantage of the demoulding.(4) end-use of explained hereafter of the present invention is extensive.
Description of drawings
Below provide embodiment, patent of the present invention is further described.
Fig. 1 is foamed ceramics of the present invention/fiber composite porous ceramics section microscopic appearance (250 *) structure iron.
Fig. 2 is junction (250 *) structure iron of fiber of the present invention and foamed ceramics skeleton.
Fig. 3 is shaped device schematic diagram of the present invention.1 is stirrer among the figure, and 2 is funnel, and 3 is screen cloth, and 4 is porous plate, and 5 is waste liquid pool, and 6 is sebific duct, and 7 is filter flask, and 8 is vacuum pump, and 9 is electric motor.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1 (Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3)
Take by weighing the 6g fiber, cut short to 2-4mm, add the 1g polyacrylamide, be made into the 2000ml slip, stirred 20 minutes.In forming mould, pack into the Alumina Foam Ceramics of Ф 45mm.Full water again, applying high-speed stirring speed is 700r/min, slowly pours the slip that stirs into again.Along with water is got rid of from screen cloth, need to constantly add me fibrous slurry, control the eliminating speed of water well.Speed is fast, and fiber is not easy fully is filled in the three-dimensional hole of foamed ceramics and goes, speed too slowly then the time cycle long.Be generally 40-80ml/min.Until all me fibrous slurry all add.Stop to stir, add the aluminium dihydrogen phosphate caking agent of 20ml10%, connect sebific duct at funnel point mouth again, opened the vacuum pump suction filtration 3 minutes, get rid of unnecessary water and caking agent.Oppositely release sample with glass stick from the funnel bottom afterwards.Take out sample, drying is burnt till at 1000 ℃.Resulting product ultimate compression strength 6MPa, void content are 84%.And the ultimate compression strength of independent foamed ceramics and porous fiber ceramic is respectively 3MPa and 0.6MPa.The sample that fractures is observed inner section, fiber filled the inner all holes of foamed ceramics, fill evenly, exist without macropore.Scanning electron microscopic observation is found the even framework of fiber, and caking agent is evenly distributed on fiber-fiber and fiber-foamed ceramics junction, without the plug-hole phenomenon; Fiber is connected well with foamed ceramics, is conducive to strengthen whole mechanical property.Adopt the porous fiber ceramic of above-mentioned technique, intensity is high, and void content is high, good permeability, and pore is even, and technology and equipment technique is simple, and corrosion is few, and easy to operate, cost is low, is easy to the demoulding, broad-spectrum advantage.
Embodiment 2 (Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3)
Processing condition just adopt foam silicon carbide ceramics as strengthening body with embodiment 1.Gained sample ultimate compression strength is 10MPa, and void content is 82%.Sample section is observed and is found that fiber filled is even, exists without macropore.Scanning electron microscopic observation finds that fiber is even, and caking agent is evenly distributed on fiber-fiber and fiber-foamed ceramics junction, without the plug-hole phenomenon; Fiber is connected well with foamed ceramics, is conducive to strengthen whole mechanical property.
Embodiment 3 (Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3)
Processing condition just add the 20ml10% silicon sol as caking agent with embodiment 1.Gained sample ultimate compression strength is 5.2PMa, and void content is 80%.Sample section is observed and is found that fiber filled is even, exists without macropore.Scanning electron microscopic observation is found the even framework of fiber, and caking agent connects fiber-fiber and fiber-foamed ceramics junction, and a small amount of unnecessary caking agent conglomeration is arranged, and slight plug-hole phenomenon is arranged; Fiber is connected well with foamed ceramics.
Embodiment 4 (Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3)
Processing condition are with embodiment 1, and just sintering temperature is 1250 ℃.Gained sample ultimate compression strength is 6.8PMa, and void content is 83%.Observe inner section, fiber filled the inner all holes of foamed ceramics, fill evenly, exist without macropore.Scanning electron microscopic observation is found the even framework of fiber, and caking agent is evenly distributed on fiber-fiber and fiber-foamed ceramics junction, without the plug-hole phenomenon; Fiber is connected well with foamed ceramics.
Claims (3)
1. the preparation method of a floamed ceramic reinforcing fiber porous ceramic is characterized in that: concrete technological line and technical process are:
(1) the good needed fiber of weighing cuts short fiber to 2-4mm, adds entry, dispersion agent, applies stirring, forms uniform me fibrous slurry;
(2) have pore in the bottom, be lined with the foamed ceramics of packing in the mould of screen cloth;
(3) topped up with water in mould is carried out high-speed stirring to water, adds simultaneously a small amount of me fibrous slurry;
(4) water is constantly discharged from screen cloth, need to constantly add me fibrous slurry, and the speed that the water of controlling well is discharged is until me fibrous slurry all joins in the mould; Fiber is in high-speed stirring and the downward exclusion process of liquid, and constantly the hole of the connection of filled and process pottery inside forms foamed ceramics/fiber compound structure, and is unlikely to stop up at surface sediment;
(5) treat that liquid all got rid of, stop to stir, add inorganic adhesive, adopt the vacuum filtration method to discharge unnecessary water and caking agent;
(6) demoulding, drying is burnt till.
2. preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: stirring velocity will reach 600r/min at least, for making all communicating apertures that fiber can the uniform filling foamed ceramics, need in high-speed stirring, control the eliminating speed of water, speed is higher, more is conducive to the uniform filling of fiber.
3. preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: foam ceramic material is aluminum oxide, silicon carbide or aluminium titanates.
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Families Citing this family (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101955367A (en) * | 2010-04-20 | 2011-01-26 | 无锡南理工科技发展有限公司 | Durable ultra-light fiber reinforced ceramic material and preparation method thereof |
| CN101955368A (en) * | 2010-04-20 | 2011-01-26 | 无锡南理工科技发展有限公司 | Alumina fiber-reinforced porous ceramic product and method for manufacturing product by using silt |
| CN102040392A (en) * | 2010-04-20 | 2011-05-04 | 无锡南理工科技发展有限公司 | Hybrid fiber reinforced light ceramic material and preparation method thereof |
| CN102050636A (en) * | 2010-04-20 | 2011-05-11 | 无锡南理工科技发展有限公司 | Basalt fiber reinforced porous ceramic product and method for preparing same by using coal ore |
| CN101913835B (en) * | 2010-08-06 | 2012-12-26 | 华南理工大学 | Foamed ceramic reinforcing fiber aerogel insulating material and preparation method thereof |
| CN103322808A (en) * | 2013-06-17 | 2013-09-25 | 大连理工高邮研究院有限公司 | Method and device for continuously preparing thermal cylinder by using vacuum filtration metho |
| CN104311095B (en) * | 2014-09-25 | 2017-09-22 | 山东理工大学 | The method that porous ceramics is prepared with activated alumina presoma |
| CN104387113B (en) * | 2014-11-17 | 2016-03-02 | 苏州博清高新材料有限公司 | A kind of fibre-reinforced ceramic element and preparation method thereof |
| CN104692829B (en) * | 2015-02-13 | 2016-08-24 | 上海应用技术学院 | A kind of foam ceramic thermal insulation material and preparation method thereof |
| CN106588022B (en) * | 2016-12-18 | 2019-06-07 | 青岛中冶坩埚有限公司 | A kind of technique preparing foam silicon carbide ceramics using template |
| CN109421160A (en) * | 2017-08-21 | 2019-03-05 | 北新集团建材股份有限公司 | A kind of dalle preparation facilities |
| CN109718603B (en) * | 2019-01-16 | 2021-04-02 | 苏州宏久航空防热材料科技有限公司 | Laminated composite filtering structure |
| CN110078516A (en) * | 2019-05-14 | 2019-08-02 | 西北工业大学 | The quasi-isotropic SiC of high-volume fractional short fiber reinforcedfThe preparation method of/SiC ceramic matrix composite material |
| CN111039693A (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2020-04-21 | 郑州登电科诚新材料有限公司 | Production process of ceramic fiber paper recycled foamed ceramic insulation board |
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