Summary of the invention
The technical problem that the present invention solves is to provide a kind of crossbar middle part mould that can avoid workpiece to produce quality problems such as eccentric and micro-crack.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the invention provides a kind of crossbar middle part mould, comprising:
Be used for stamping forming punch, described punch is fixedly mounted on the cope match-plate pattern by upper bolster;
With the die that described punch matches, described die is fixedly mounted on the lower bolster by die shoe;
Described mould comprises that also a pair of liftable being used for make the longitudinal centre line of its axis and punch remain on the positioner of same perpendicular workpiece location, and this is installed in the two ends of die respectively to positioner.
Preferably, one of them positioner in the described a pair of positioner comprises the locating piece of the non-deformation zone that supports described crossbar, the correcting structure of lifting locating piece.
Preferably, described locating piece comprises first inclined-plane and second inclined-plane of symmetric support in the non-variant part both sides of crossbar, described first inclined-plane and second inclined-plane intersect the opening that forms the non-deformation zone that supports described crossbar, and the intersection on described first inclined-plane and second inclined-plane and the longitudinal centre line of punch remain in the same perpendicular.
Preferably, described correcting structure comprises the guide pillar that is fixedly connected on locating piece bottom, is slidingly matched with guide pillar and is fixedly mounted on the guide pin bushing on the lower bolster, described guide pillar can be made vertical motion with respect to guide pin bushing, is set with back-moving spring on the part of the guide pillar between lower bolster and the locating piece.
Preferably, described shaped device also comprises stopping means, and described stopping means comprises a pair of first limited block on the cope match-plate pattern and second limited block on lower bolster of being separately positioned at least, and described first limited block and second limited block withstand when matched moulds mutually.
Preferably, described mould also comprises a pair of alignment piece that is used to prevent and treat the non-deformation zone perk at crossbar two ends, described alignment piece be fixedly mounted on the cope match-plate pattern with the corresponding position of the non-deformation zone at crossbar two ends on.
Preferably, between the sidewall of the sidepiece of die and die shoe, be provided with the die adjusting pad.
Preferably, the material of described punch or die is 7CrSiMnMoV.
A kind of crossbar that uses after the described mould moulding of above arbitrary technical scheme is characterized in that being reserved with between the upper tube wall of nest shape structure at described crossbar middle part and the following tube wall gap of 1.4mm~1.6mm.
The invention provides a kind of crossbar middle part mould.In this mould, comprise the die that is used for stamping forming punch and matches with punch, at the two ends of die, comprise that also liftable being used for is positioned at the positioner that the longitudinal centre line that makes its axis and punch remains on same perpendicular with workpiece.Before moulding, when being placed on workpiece on the positioner, the axis of workpiece and the longitudinal centre line of punch are in same perpendicular.When punch moves down Workpiece shaping along with cope match-plate pattern, because therefore the longitudinal centre line of the axis of workpiece and punch in same perpendicular, can prevent that the moulding of workpiece from producing the eccentric mass problem.By this to positioner, when producing in batches, the precision that can avoid occurring existing in the prior art quality problems such as the off-centre that causes and micro-crack that change owing to die.
The specific embodiment
In order further to understand the present invention, below in conjunction with embodiment the preferred embodiment of the invention is described, but should be appreciated that these describe just to further specifying the features and advantages of the present invention, rather than to the restriction of claim of the present invention.
See also Fig. 2 and shown in Figure 3, schematic diagram for a kind of specific embodiment of crossbar middle part mould provided by the invention, the bed die decomposing schematic representation of Fig. 2 crossbar provided by the invention middle part mould, Fig. 3 are the whole decomposing schematic representations of crossbar provided by the invention middle part shaping dies.As shown in Figure 2, in shaping dies, comprise a lower bolster that is connected with hydraulic means 1, on lower bolster 1, fixedly mounting die shoe 12, die shoe comprises a diapire 12a and two that are connected with this diapire vertical wall 12b, 12c, and described two vertical wall 12b, 12c and diapire 12a form groove structure.In the groove structure of die shoe die is installed, this die comprises the bottom die 13a that is fixedly mounted on the diapire 12a, the first sidepiece 13b and the second sidepiece 13c of die 13a both sides, bottom.
Between vertical wall 12b of the first sidepiece 13b and die shoe and another vertical wall 12c, be reserved with adjustable clearance respectively, between two adjustable clearances, be separately installed with die adjusting pad (not shown) at the second sidepiece 13c and die shoe.When mould through after repeatedly using, adjust the thickness of die adjusting pad according to the variation of die precision.
Crossbar 3 comprise the middle part deformed area 3a, be connected the deformation place two ends transition region 3b, be connected the non-deformation zone 3c of two transition region outer ends.
When punch forming was carried out at the crossbar middle part, when punch moved under the drive of upper bolster straight down, if the longitudinal centre line of the axis of workpiece and punch can not keep vertical coincidence, crossbar middle part moulding was easy to occur the eccentric mass problem.Therefore,, need carry out pre-determined bit, make its axis in whole punch forming process, keep vertical overlapping with the longitudinal centre line of punch to workpiece for the axis that keeps workpiece keeps vertically overlapping with the longitudinal centre line of punch.
For workpiece is carried out pre-determined bit, the present invention provides a pair of being used for that the crossbar workpiece is positioned the axis that makes workpiece and the longitudinal centre line of punch remains on conplane positioner respectively at the two ends of die shoe, two positioners have identical structure.In the present embodiment, be example with one of them positioner, specify its structure.As shown in Figure 2, positioner comprise one can the horizontal support workpiece locating piece 14, locating piece 14 is supported on the non-deformation zone 3c place of described crossbar, described locating piece has the symmetrically arranged first inclined-plane 14a and the second inclined-plane 14b that is supported on the non-deformation zone both sides of workpiece, the first inclined-plane 14a becomes 90 degree angles and forms the opening of " V " type structure with the second inclined-plane 14b, the axis of the intersection of these two inclined- plane 14a, 14b and workpiece 3, the longitudinal centre line of punch are in same perpendicular.Two inclined- plane 14a, 14b can be the plane, also can be serrated face, as long as can reach piece-holder are remained on same perpendicular at axis that makes workpiece and die longitudinal centre line.The angle of the angle that forms for two inclined- plane 14a, 14b, and without particular limitation.
Be connected with correcting structure 15 in the lower end of locating piece, described correcting structure 15 comprises a guide pillar 15a who is fixedly connected on the locating piece lower end, is fixedly mounted on the guide pin bushing 15b on the lower bolster, described guide pin bushing and guide pillar are slidingly matched, on the part of the guide pillar between lower bolster and the locating piece, also be set with back-moving spring 15c, described back-moving spring keeps compressive state when matched moulds, be the rising savings elastic potential energy of locating piece 14.
Please be simultaneously referring to Fig. 4, this mould comprises also by upper bolster 21 and is fixed on punch 22 on the cope match-plate pattern 2 that described punch 22 can vertical motion under the drive of cope match-plate pattern.
In die opening state, locating piece by jack-up, is placed on workpiece on the opening of the V-structure that two inclined-planes of locating piece form under the effect of back-moving spring, workpiece is under the deadweight effect, be fitted on two inclined-planes, can avoid producing fluctuation and displacement, guarantee the stability of location.Because therefore the opening of two inclined-plane formation and the longitudinal centre line of punch can guarantee that the axis of workpiece is also in this perpendicular in same perpendicular.
During mold work, punch 22 is motion straight down under the drive of cope match-plate pattern, and punch contacts with workpiece earlier and promotes it then and move downward, and the promotion locating piece moves downward.Because the correcting structure of locating piece can guarantee that locating piece moves straight down, therefore in the process that workpiece moves downward, the axis of workpiece all the time with the longitudinal centre line of punch in same perpendicular, during moulding, can prevent that also workpiece from producing the eccentric mass problem.
Because the stroke of punch is to be controlled according to the travel switch of hydraulic press by cope match-plate pattern, and has the gap between the bent axle of punch press and slide block, slide block and the guide rail, can influence the stroke accuracy of mould certificate, thereby influence the height of workpiece.The error that produces for the stroke accuracy that solves punch the present invention further provides the adjusting height limiting device to the influence of workpiece height.Described adjusting height limiting device comprises that at least one pair of is fixedly mounted on the first limited block 23a and the second limited block 23b on cope match-plate pattern and the lower bolster respectively, and at the mould closure state, two limited block 23a, 23b withstand contact mutually.The height of two limited blocks is adjusted according to the height of workpiece, i.e. two forming heights that spacing contact position just in time is a workpiece, because the effect of two limited blocks, can stop punch under the drive of cope match-plate pattern, further to move down, guarantee the theoretical length of run of pipe material and approaching the equating of length of run of the middle part nest shape after the crossbar moulding, the internal stress that reaches workpiece is near 0 ideal state, less workpiece produces micro-crack, and then improve the fatigue behaviour of workpiece, therefore can guarantee the forming height of workpiece.It is how right that limited block can be provided with, and in the present embodiment, respectively is provided with a pair of limited block in the position near the die shoe two ends.
During to Workpiece shaping, when punch moved downward stamped workpieces, in the process that the workpiece middle part is shaped gradually, the two ends of crossbar can be upturned thereupon, and it is big that the linearity of whole work-piece becomes.Therefore, produce the linearity problem, the present invention further provides alignment structure in order to prevent workpiece.
In first kind of embodiment, alignment structure provided by the invention comprise a pair of be separately positioned on the cope match-plate pattern and with the corresponding alignment piece of the non-deformation zone of workpiece 24a, 24b.The lower surface of alignment piece and the lower surface of punch be in same level height, and like this, when punch began that workpiece carried out moulding, the non-deformation zone that alignment piece 24a, 24b withstand on crossbar can prevent the two ends perk of crossbar.For the installation site of alignment piece, can be installed on the cope match-plate pattern and the corresponding any position of the non-deformation zone of workpiece.For the shape of alignment piece, the present invention has no particular limits, and prevents its distortion as long as the workpiece two ends can be pushed down.
Material for die and punch, can adopt common alloy tool steel, as the steel trade mark is the alloy tool steel of Cr12, Cr12MoV, Cr12Mo1V1, H13,5CrNiMo, 5CrMnMo, CrWMn, 9SiCr, 9Cr2,7CrSiMnMoV, 5-6CrW2Si, 8Cr3,9Mn2V, 4Cr5W2VSi, 30Cr3W, preferably, the material of die and punch is the alloy tool steel of 7CrSiMnMoV for the steel trade mark.In order to prevent that punch and die from producing micro-strain and influencing workpiece size; can carry out surface Hardening Treatment to die and punch; as thermal spraying, carburizing/nitriding/surface treatments such as boronising, preferred, adopt nitrided surface heat treatment to improve the surface abrasion resistance of die or punch to die or punch.
In order to guarantee that further the longitudinal centre line of punch and the axis of workpiece remain on same horizontal plane, the present invention also further provides a pair of guiding fork 26a, the 26b that is installed on the upper bolster two ends, and described guiding fork has the arcuate shape that matches with the surface of workpiece.The position of guiding fork is designed as follows, and promptly when punch contacted with workpiece, guiding fork just in time matched with workpiece, like this, when punch moved downward, guiding fork cooperated with workpiece, when promoting workpiece motion s, can guarantee that the movement position of punch is not offset.
As shown in Figure 4, mould provided by the invention also comprises the template guide pillar 25b that is installed on the lower bolster, is installed in the conventional optional features well known to those skilled in the art such as template guide pin bushing 25a that match with the template guide pillar on the cope match-plate pattern.
In the mould of crossbar provided by the invention middle part, the present invention provides the positioner that workpiece is carried out pre-determined bit at the two ends of die shoe, in same perpendicular, so in the process of moulding, can prevent to produce the eccentric mass problem with the longitudinal centre line of the axis that guarantees workpiece and punch.
Be example with the forming process of changeing K2 type crossbar below, specify the working method of mould provided by the invention.
In die opening state, locating piece 14 rises under the effect of back-moving spring, workpiece to be processed 3 is placed on the opening of V-structure of locating piece 14, and workpiece 3 is fitted on two inclined-planes of locating piece under the effect of deadweight, can avoid producing fluctuation and displacement.Because 14 openings of locating piece and the longitudinal centre line of punch are in same perpendicular, so the axis of workpiece is also in this perpendicular.
During punch forming, punch 22 moves down under the drive of cope match-plate pattern 2, and when punch began contact workpiece, guiding fork 26a, 26b were clipped in the both sides of workpiece to guarantee the motion straight down of punch.When punch promotes workpiece and locating piece and moves downward, because being equipped with below the locating piece 14 to make it do the correcting structure of vertical motion, therefore can guarantee that locating piece moves straight down, thus make the axis of workpiece remain on always with the same perpendicular of the longitudinal centre line of punch in.
Workpiece motion s is when contacting with die, and punch continues to move downward, and workpiece is carried out punch forming.When workpiece began moulding, a pair of alignment piece 24a, the 24b that are installed on the cope match-plate pattern withstood the non-deformation zone of workpiece, can prevent the two ends perk of workpiece, influence the linearity of workpiece.
When punch moves downward when making Workpiece shaping reach needed height, two pairs of limited blocks withstand contact mutually, can prevent further moving down of punch, thereby guarantee the moulding height of workpiece.
As shown in Figure 5, the schematic diagram of the nest shape structure that forms for crossbar provided by the invention middle part deformed area 3a.In order to guarantee that crossbar has good rigidity, between upper tube wall and following tube wall, reserve the clearance G of 1.45mm~1.55mm when the invention provides the crossbar moulding, preferred, the clearance G of reservation 1.5mm between upper tube wall and following tube wall.Preferably, for the K2 crossbar, the width dimensions W that the present invention further provides the crossbar middle part is
, height dimension H is
, the tolerance range of control width dimensions and height dimension reaches the theoretical length of run of pipe material and approaching the equating of length of run of the middle part nest shape after the crossbar moulding.
After mould is through repeated use, moulding exerts an influence to crossbar for the variation of the positioning accuracy that prevents die, can be arranged on die adjusting pad between another vertical wall 12c of the second sidepiece 13c that die adjusting pad between the vertical wall 12b of the first sidepiece 13b of die and die shoe or adjustment be arranged on die and die shoe by adjustment and adjust fit clearance between die and the die shoe, thereby the size that guarantees workpiece reaches and satisfies specification requirement and technological requirement.
More than crossbar provided by the present invention middle part shaping dies is described in detail.Used specific case herein principle of the present invention and embodiment are set forth, the explanation of above embodiment just is used for helping to understand method of the present invention and core concept thereof.Should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, under the prerequisite that does not break away from the principle of the invention, can also carry out some improvement and modification to the present invention, these improvement and modification also fall in the protection domain of claim of the present invention.