Small round corner apparatus for shaping and shaping methods thereof
Technical field
The invention belongs to the punch process field of machine-building, particularly relate to the small round corner apparatus for shaping of the metal product of a kind of plate stamping processing.
The invention still further relates to a kind of small round corner shaping methods of the said goods.
Background technology
Punch process is processing method common in manufacturing technology.Namely the processing of workpiece as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2 adopt punch machining process manufacture.Its production process relates to blanking, punching, flange, drawing etc.In flange (turnover) operation of punch process, during general circular cross-esction boss vertical edge and flange (boss) upper and lower side plane formed down (on) round radius be greater than under (on) fillet radius adds the thickness t of stamping parts.Require in higher work piece production at some quality of fits, need radius of corner the smaller the better, under (on) filleted corner can control to the small fillet radius of needs by mould, but due to the restriction of stamping parts sheet metal thickness, under after flange (on) round radius still do not reach requirement.In order to meet the requirement of above-mentioned small fillet radius, usually can by improving the extensibility of material, design have compared with the mould of small round corner or by adopting forging and the follow-up shaping process such as extruding to realize, but these two kinds of techniques are all unaccommodated for requiring to use the part of sheet stamping forming to obtain small round corner.First method material due to ductility higher, tensile strength decline, rigidity does not reach technological requirement again, affects the service life of workpiece.Second method, carry out shaping, but workpiece is in the process of stretcher strain by mould to fillet place extrusion stretching, very easily produces the change of flange bottom surface diameter dimension, can produce new quality problems again.For stamping products, how when ensureing product quality, being reduced the radius of corner of its bending side by effective mode, is a urgent problem.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is: for above-mentioned Problems existing, provides a kind of small round corner building mortion, and shaping methods.
The small round corner apparatus for shaping that the present invention adopts is as follows:
Comprise placement punch on the table, blank holder, be positioned at die and the limiter on blank holder top; There is through hole in blank holder and die heart portion; Described blank holder upper surface is provided with the groove ring laying the stamping products treating shaping, to guarantee that product keeps constant voltage in reforming process; Described punch case is connected in the through hole of blank holder; Described limiter is socketed in the through hole of die, and die upper surface and press slide connect firmly, and die bottom surface and its through hole junction are provided with the resistance ring to lower convexity; Faying face between die, limiter and punch, blank holder forms shaping die cavity.
Workbench bottom is provided with the telescopic parts providing precompression, and its one end of support bar and precompression parts connect firmly, and the other end connects firmly through workbench and blank holder.What precompression parts applied upwards pressure blank holder top from workbench.
The product adopting apparatus of the present invention to carry out shaping comprises bottom surface and upwards bends the boss of flange, and there is through hole in boss heart portion, and the bending flange place between bottom surface and boss forms lower filleted corner and lower bull nose.Its shaping methods is as follows:
1, be placed in the groove ring of blank holder by product bottom surface, the punch upper surface in blank holder is stretched in the through hole of product; The upper surface of boss connects with limiter bottom surface;
2, press slide presses down, and drives die to move down, and the resistance eye of die bottom surface first contacts with the lower filleted corner of product;
3, press slide continues descending, the lower filleted corner of die resistance ring press-in product, contact blank holder upper surface, die bottom surface; The internal face of punch outer wall to product boss produces downward pressure, the downward slippage of boss internal face metal material; Because resistance ring also applies pressure at the lower filleted corner place of product, stop the material of downward slippage to the flowing of extension direction, bottom surface, can only toward not having to pile up in the forming recess of pressure drag.
4, press slide continues descending, the downward pressure transmitted by die is greater than the precompression upwards acted on blank holder, and blank holder, product press down by die, and die cavity volume reduces, be pressed onto stop upper surface to press, blank holder lower surface contacts with workbench.The material in workpiece deformation district is subject to the extruding of concave-convex mold and stopping means in this process, now, due to die resistance ring and stopping means restriction, workpiece material can only flow to the space at unresisted lower bull nose place, thus forms the small fillet radius at lower bull nose place.
What above-mentioned apparatus for shaping adopted treat shaping product also can be one have bottom surface and boss with end cap, boss and bottom surface and end cap are formed respectively by bending flange, the cavity under shed is provided with in boss, bottom surface and boss bending place form lower filleted corner and lower bull nose, and end cap and boss bending place form filleted corner and upper bull nose; Product bottom surface is placed in the groove ring of blank holder, and the punch upper surface in blank holder is stretched in the cavity of product, the shape on the top of punch and the shape of product cavity inner wall suitable; Product end cap connects with limiter lower surface.Shaping principle is the same, just during shaping, punch outer wall, die through-hole wall face produce downward pressure to the inside and outside wall of product boss respectively, the downward slippage of boss inside and outside wall metal material, the resistance of resistance ring makes the material of downslide pile up toward the unresisted upper and lower bull nose place in forming recess respectively, thus forms the small fillet radius at upper and lower bull nose place.
When being suitable for operation principle of the present invention, further optimize, die is connected firmly by the slide block of the cope match-plate pattern that connects firmly and press, and cope match-plate pattern heart portion has relative through hole with in the limiter in die.Template can adopt the higher metal derby of hardness to make, and die can be made stressed more even in reforming process, and reduce the distortion of die.Can arrange nut in through hole is mounted on cope match-plate pattern by limiter, does certain loose constraint to limiter.Neither affect cope match-plate pattern press down when shaping to limiter apply pressure, again can after shaping terminates cope match-plate pattern with when press is carried, limiter with on carry disengaging product.
Further optimize, the fixed head being also disposed with adjustment gasket ring between blank holder and workbench from top to bottom and connecting firmly with workbench; Punch bottom is anchored in fixed head, and punch upper socket is in blank holder and adjustment gasket ring; One end connects firmly the support bar on blank holder, and its other end through adjustment gasket ring, fixed head, workbench, connects firmly with precompression parts successively.Due to reforming process, requiring higher to the fit dimension of die, punch, limiter, by changing the height size of adjustment gasket ring, shaping dimensional requirement can be met.Punch is loosening matched in clearance with blank holder with adjusting coordinating of gasket ring inwall, by the interference tight fit with fixed head, punch position can be fixed, and improves the plastic precision of shaping product.
Further optimize, between described fixed head and workbench, be also disposed with backing plate and lower bolster from top to bottom; Fixed head and backing plate connect firmly, and the bottom surface of punch connects with backing plate upper surface; One end connects firmly the support bar on blank holder, and its other end through adjustment gasket ring, fixed head, backing plate, lower bolster, workbench, connects firmly with precompression parts successively.In whole device, the size of punch is less, and position pressure corresponding to punch bottom surface is comparatively large, increases by one piece through the metal caul quenched, can improve the mold use life-span, avoids punch to be placed directly in destruction to workbench local location on work top.Lower bolster hardness comparatively backing plate is low, avoids backing plate to the excessive wear of work top, and lower bolster is convenient to processing and is installed, is connected precompression parts in addition.
Above-mentioned precompression parts can be the elastomers of compressible distortion, as spring, rubber etc., also can be the parts such as telescopic oil cylinder, cylinder.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Examples of the present invention will be described by way of reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein:
Fig. 1 be the embodiment of the present invention treat shaping product structure schematic diagram.
Fig. 2 be another embodiment of the present invention treat shaping product structure schematic diagram.
Fig. 3 is the blank holder front view of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the top view of Fig. 3.
Fig. 5 is the die front view of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is the upward view of Fig. 5.
Fig. 7 is the enlarged diagram in Figure 11 A portion reforming process.
Fig. 8 is the enlarged diagram in the follow-up shaping change procedure of Fig. 7.
Fig. 9 is the enlarged diagram in the follow-up shaping change procedure of Fig. 8.
Figure 10 is the structural representation of apparatus of the present invention state of charge embodiment.
Figure 11 is the structural representation of apparatus of the present invention shaping state embodiment.
Detailed description of the invention
All features disclosed in this description, or the step in disclosed all methods or process, except mutually exclusive feature and/or step, all can combine by any way.
Arbitrary feature disclosed in this description (comprising any accessory claim, summary and accompanying drawing), unless specifically stated otherwise, all can be replaced by other equivalences or the alternative features with similar object.That is, unless specifically stated otherwise, each feature is an example in a series of equivalence or similar characteristics.
Product as shown in Figure 1, be adopt the operation such as sheet material blanking, punching, flange of certain thickness t to be shaped to obtain, it has bottom surface 4-1, and upwards bends the boss 4-2 of flange, raised head face 4-3, and the internal face 4-8 of the through hole 4-4 that goes out of heart portion and through hole.At overturning process, bottom surface and boss form lower inside and outside fillet, and lower fillet radius is r2, and lower round radius is r1.Wherein descend fillet radius r2 system to be determined by the fillet diameter of die during punching press flange, lower round radius is determined by the fillet diameter of die during punching press flange and the thickness of sheet material.In order to obtain good small fillet radius as 0.5mm, can when ensureing product flange quality, reduce die profile radius, thus obtain less lower filleted corner, but in order to ensure certain anti-impact Compressive Strength, material thickness cannot reduce, and therefore descends round radius r1 by punch process, cannot obtain small fillet radius.
Product as shown in Figure 2.It has bottom surface 4-1, boss 4-2, end cap 4-5, and its processing technology and principle are substantially the same.Boss and bottom surface, end cap are formed respectively by bending flange, be provided with the cavity 4-6 under shed, and form the inside and outside wall (4-8,4-7) of boss in boss.By overturning process, bottom surface and boss bending place forming radius are the lower inside and outside fillet of r2 and r1, and end cap and boss bending place forming radius are the upper inside and outside fillet of r3 and r4.The same principle, upper and lower fillet radius (r3, r2) is determined by the fillet diameter of punch during punching press flange and die, and upper and lower round radius (r4, r1) is determined by the fillet diameter of die during punching press flange and the thickness of sheet material.Punch and matrix radius of corner during by reducing punching press, can obtain less upper and lower fillet radius, but due to the restriction of sheet metal thickness, upper and lower bull nose, by punch process, cannot obtain desirable small fillet radius.
The present invention is adopted by product shown in Fig. 2 to carry out the step of shaping as described below:
1, apparatus for shaping prepares:
As Figure 10, work top 8 is placed with lower bolster 12, backing plate 13, fixed head 14, adjustment gasket ring 6 from the bottom up successively.Fixed head is by pin and backing plate stationary positioned.Adjustment gasket ring height size adjusts as required, mates.
Workbench bottom is provided with the telescopic parts providing precompression, and the precompression parts that the present embodiment adopts are that two block pressur plates 9 and the elastic caoutchouc 11 be clamped between pressing plate form, and the screw rod 10 through precompression parts is connected on lower bolster.
Be arranged on the blank holder 5 on adjustment gasket ring top as shown in Figure 3,4, there is through hole 5-2 in its heart portion, upper surface 5-1 is provided with the groove ring 5-3 laying product, the support bar 15 that blank holder is connected, the other end through adjustment gasket ring, fixed head, backing plate, lower bolster, workbench, is connected with precompression parts top board successively.Nut on tensioning threaded rods, elastic caoutchouc distortion produces precompression upwards, is suspended in by blank holder above adjustment gasket ring.
Punch 7 bottom be socketed in blank holder and adjustment gasket ring is anchored in fixed head, and its bottom surface connects with backing plate upper surface; The shape on punch top and the shape of product cavity inner wall suitable.
Die 3 top be positioned at above blank holder is connected by cope match-plate pattern 1 and press slide, and cavity die structure as shown in Figure 5,6.The through hole 3-2 junction in die bottom surface 3-3 and heart portion is provided with the resistance ring 3-1 to lower convexity, and resistance ring size can design as required, and in the present embodiment, sheet metal thickness is 2.5mm, and resistance ring height of projection is 0.5-0.6mm, and width is 1-1.5mm; Limiter 2 is socketed in the through hole of die, and is coupled to the through hole of cope match-plate pattern by bolt.
2, be placed in the groove ring of blank holder by the product bottom surface shown in Fig. 2, the punch upper surface in blank holder is stretched in the cavity of product; Product end cap connects with limiter lower surface.
3, shaping: apparatus of the present invention shaping state as shown in figure 11.The same Figure 10 of each part description.
3-1: as Fig. 7, the faying face between die 3, limiter 2 and punch 6, blank holder 5 forms shaping die cavity; The descending drive die 3 of press slide moves down, and first the resistance ring 5-3 of die bottom surface contacts with the lower filleted corner of product 4;
D (), as Fig. 8, press slide continues descending, the lower filleted corner of die resistance ring press-in product, contact blank holder upper surface, die bottom surface;
Now, punch outer wall, die through-hole wall face produce downward pressure to the inside and outside wall of product boss respectively, the downward slippage of boss inside and outside wall metal material; Because resistance ring also applies pressure at the lower filleted corner place of product, stop the material of downward slippage to the flowing of extension direction, bottom surface, can only toward the accumulation in forming recess.
E () press slide continues descending, die cavity volume reduces, until stop upper surface contacts with cope match-plate pattern, plane contact on blank holder lower plane and adjusting pad, press no longer presses down.Now, die tightly suppresses both sides and the bottom surface of product boss, and punch upper surface is pressed on the bottom of product end cap, and limiter lower surface is pressed on the upper surface of end cap.Product is subject to the extruding of concave-convex mold and stop, and workpiece material can only flow to the space at unresisted upper and lower bull nose place, thus forms the small fillet radius at upper and lower bull nose place.
Adopt apparatus of the present invention and shaping methods, the bull nose of small fillet radius can be obtained, as required, adopt same principle, can above-mentioned steps be repeated, fillet is zoomed in further.Meet the demand of user.
Although according to preferred embodiment to invention has been example and description, it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to aforesaid detailed description of the invention.Do not deviating from the situation of the present invention set forth in claims, can make this and change and change, the present invention expands to any new feature of disclosing in this manual or any combination newly, and the step of the arbitrary new method disclosed or process or any combination newly.