Small round corner apparatus for shaping and shaping methods thereof
Technical field
The invention belongs to the punch process field of machine-building, relate in particular to a kind of small round corner apparatus for shaping of metal product of plate stamping processing.
The invention still further relates to a kind of small round corner shaping methods of the said goods.
Background technology
Punch process is processing method common in the manufacturing technology.The punch machining process manufacturing is namely adopted in the processing of workpiece as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2.Its production process relates to blanking, punching, flange, pull and stretch etc.In flange (turnover) operation of punch process, during general circular hole flange boss vertical edge and flange (boss) upper and lower side plane formed lower (on) round radius greater than descend (on) fillet radius adds the thickness t of stamping parts.In the work piece production that some quality of fits are had relatively high expectations, need radius of corner the smaller the better, lower (on) filleted corner can control to the small fillet radius that needs by mould, but because the restriction of stamping parts sheet material thickness, behind the flange lower (on) round radius still do not reach requirement.In order to satisfy the requirement of above-mentioned small fillet radius, usually can have by extensibility, the design that improves material than the mould of small round corner or by adopting and forge and the follow-up shaping process such as extruding is realized, but these two kinds of techniques all are unaccommodated for requiring part with sheet stamping forming to obtain small round corner.The first method material is because ductility is higher, and tensile strength descends, and rigidity does not reach again technological requirement, affects the service life of workpiece.Second method is carried out shaping by mould to fillet place extrusion stretching, but workpiece very easily produces the variation of flange bottom surface diameter dimension in the process of stretcher strain, can produce new quality problems again.For stamping products, how in the situation that guarantee product quality, reduce the radius of corner of its bending side by effective mode, be a urgent problem.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is: for the problem of above-mentioned existence, provide a kind of small round corner building mortion, and shaping methods.
The small round corner apparatus for shaping that the present invention adopts is as follows:
Comprise the punch, the blank holder that are placed on the workbench, be positioned at die and the limiter on blank holder top; There are through hole in blank holder and die heart section; Described blank holder upper surface is provided with the groove ring of laying the stamping products for the treatment of shaping, keeps constant voltage to guarantee product in the shaping process; Described punch case is connected in the through hole of blank holder; Described limiter is socketed in the through hole of die, and die upper surface and press slide connect firmly, and die bottom surface and its through hole junction are provided with the resistance ring to lower convexity; Faying face between die, limiter and punch, the blank holder forms the shaping die cavity.
The workbench bottom is provided with the telescopic parts that precompression is provided, and support bar one end and precompression parts connect firmly, and the other end passes workbench and blank holder connects firmly.What the precompression parts applied upwards pressure the blank holder top from workbench.
The product that adopts apparatus of the present invention to carry out shaping comprises the bottom surface and upwards bends the boss of flange, and there is through hole in boss heart section, and the bending flange place between bottom surface and the boss forms lower filleted corner and lower bull nose.Its shaping methods is as follows:
1, the product bottom surface is placed in the groove ring of blank holder, the punch upper surface in the blank holder is stretched in the through hole of product; The upper surface of boss and limiter bottom surface join;
2, press slide presses down, and drives die and moves down, and the resistance eye of die bottom surface contacts with the lower filleted corner of product first;
3, the press slide continuation is descending, and die resistance ring is pressed into the lower filleted corner of product, contact blank holder upper surface, die bottom surface; The punch outer wall produces downward pressure, the downward slippage of boss internal face metal material to the internal face of product boss; Because the resistance ring is also exerted pressure at the lower filleted corner place of product, stop the material of downward slippage to flow to bottom surface extension direction, can only in the moulding die cavity that does not have pressure drag, pile up.
4, press slide continues descending, downward pressure by the die transmission is greater than the precompression that makes progress that acts on the blank holder, and die presses down blank holder, product, and the die cavity volume reduces, be pressed onto the stop upper surface to press, the blank holder lower surface contacts with workbench.The material in workpiece deformation district is subject to the extruding of concave-convex mold and stopping means in this process, at this moment, because die resistance ring and stopping means restriction, workpiece material can only flow to the space at unresisted lower bull nose place, thereby forms the small fillet radius at lower bull nose place.
Above-mentioned apparatus for shaping adopts treats that the shaping product also can have the bottom surface and with the boss of end cap for one, boss and bottom surface and end cap form by the bending flange respectively, be provided with the cavity under shed in the boss, bottom surface and boss bending place form lower filleted corner and lower bull nose, and end cap and boss bending place form filleted corner and upper bull nose; The product bottom surface is placed in the groove ring of blank holder, and the punch upper surface in the blank holder is stretched in the cavity of product, and the shape of the shape on the top of punch and product cavity inner wall is suitable; Product end cap and limiter lower surface join.The shaping principle is the same, when being shaping, punch outer wall, die through-hole wall face produce downward pressure to the inside and outside wall of product boss respectively, the downward slippage of the inside and outside wall metal material of boss, the resistance of resistance ring is piled up respectively the material of downslide toward the interior unresisted up and down bull nose place of moulding die cavity, thereby forms the small fillet radius at upper and lower bull nose place.
In the situation that applicable operation principle of the present invention is further optimized, die connects firmly with the slide block of press by the cope match-plate pattern that connects firmly, and has relative through hole in the interior limiter of cope match-plate pattern heart section and die.Template can adopt the higher metal derby of hardness to make, and can make die stressed more even in the shaping process, and reduces the distortion of die.Nut can be set in the through hole limiter is mounted on the cope match-plate pattern, limiter is done certain loose constraint.Neither affect cope match-plate pattern and when shaping, press down limiter is exerted pressure, in the time of again can cope match-plate pattern be carried with press after shaping finishes, limiter with on carry the disengaging product.
Further optimize, also be disposed with from top to bottom the fixed head of adjusting gasket ring and connecting firmly with workbench between blank holder and the workbench; The punch bottom is anchored in the fixed head, and punch top is socketed on blank holder and adjusts in the gasket ring; One end connects firmly the support bar on blank holder, and its other end passes successively adjusts gasket ring, fixed head, workbench, connects firmly with the precompression parts.Because the shaping process is had relatively high expectations to the fit dimension of die, punch, limiter, by changing the height size of adjusting gasket ring, can satisfy the shaping dimensional requirement.Punch and blank holder and adjust and cooperating of gasket ring inwall be loosening matched in clearance, by with the interference tight fit of fixed head, the punch position can be fixed, improve the plastic precision of shaping product.
Further optimize, also be disposed with from top to bottom backing plate and lower bolster between described fixed head and the workbench; Fixed head and backing plate connect firmly, and the bottom surface of punch and backing plate upper surface join; One end connects firmly the support bar on blank holder, and its other end passes successively adjusts gasket ring, fixed head, backing plate, lower bolster, workbench, connects firmly with the precompression parts.In whole device, the size of punch is less, and position pressure corresponding to punch bottom surface is larger, increases a metal caul through quenching, and can improve the mold use life-span, avoids punch to be placed directly on the work top destruction to the workbench local location.Lower bolster hardness is low than backing plate, avoids backing plate to the excessive wear of work top, and lower bolster is convenient to processing and is connected, connects the precompression parts in addition.
Above-mentioned precompression parts can be the elastomers of compressible distortion, such as spring, rubber etc., also can be the parts such as telescopic oil cylinder, cylinder.
Description of drawings
Examples of the present invention will be described by way of reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein:
Fig. 1 be the embodiment of the invention treat shaping product structure schematic diagram.
Fig. 2 be another embodiment of the present invention treat shaping product structure schematic diagram.
Fig. 3 is the blank holder front view of the embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 4 is the top view of Fig. 3.
Fig. 5 is the die front view of the embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 6 is the upward view of Fig. 5.
Fig. 7 is the enlarged diagram in Figure 11 A section shaping process.
Fig. 8 is the enlarged diagram in the follow-up shaping change procedure of Fig. 7.
Fig. 9 is the enlarged diagram in the follow-up shaping change procedure of Fig. 8.
Figure 10 is the structural representation of apparatus of the present invention state of charge embodiment.
Figure 11 is the structural representation of apparatus of the present invention shaping state embodiment.
The specific embodiment
Disclosed all features in this specification, or the step in disclosed all methods or the process except mutually exclusive feature and/or step, all can make up by any way.
Disclosed arbitrary feature in this specification (comprising any accessory claim, summary and accompanying drawing) is unless special narration all can be replaced by other equivalences or the alternative features with similar purpose.That is, unless special narration, each feature is an example in a series of equivalences or the similar characteristics.
Product as shown in Figure 1 is that the operations such as the sheet material blanking that adopts certain thickness t, punching, flange are shaped and obtain, and it has bottom surface 4-1, and upwards bends the boss 4-2 of flange, raised head face 4-3, and the through hole 4-4 that goes out of heart section and the internal face 4-8 of through hole.At overturning process, bottom surface and boss form lower inside and outside fillet, and lower fillet radius is r2, and lower round radius is r1.The fillet diameter of die determines when wherein descending fillet radius r2 system by the punching press flange, and the fillet diameter of the die of lower round radius during by the punching press flange and the thickness of sheet material determine.In order to obtain preferably small fillet radius such as 0.5mm, can be in the situation that guarantee product flange quality, reduce die profile radius, thereby obtain less lower filleted corner, but in order to guarantee certain anti-impact Compressive Strength, material thickness can't reduce, and therefore lower round radius r1 can't obtain small fillet radius by punch process.
Product as shown in Figure 2.It has bottom surface 4-1, boss 4-2, and end cap 4-5, its processing technology and principle are substantially the same.Boss and bottom surface, end cap form by the bending flange respectively, are provided with the cavity 4-6 under shed in the boss, and form the inside and outside wall (4-8,4-7) of boss.By overturning process, bottom surface and boss bending place forming radius are the lower inside and outside fillet of r2 and r1, and end cap and boss bending place forming radius are the upper inside and outside fillet of r3 and r4.The same principle, upper and lower fillet radius (r3, r2) are that punch during by the punching press flange and the fillet diameter of die determine, the fillet diameter of the die when round radius (r4, r1) is by the punching press flange up and down and the thickness of sheet material determine.The punch and matrix radius of corner can obtain less upper and lower fillet radius when reducing punching press, but because the restriction of sheet metal thickness, upper and lower bull nose can't obtain desirable small fillet radius by punch process.
The step of product employing the present invention shown in Figure 2 being carried out shaping is as described below:
1, apparatus for shaping is prepared:
Such as Figure 10, work top 8 is placed with successively from the bottom up lower bolster 12, backing plate 13, fixed head 14, adjusts gasket ring 6.Fixed head is by pin and backing plate stationary positioned.Adjusting the gasket ring height size adjusts as required, mates.
The workbench bottom is provided with the telescopic parts that precompression is provided, and the precompression parts that the present embodiment adopts are that two block pressur plates 9 and the elastic caoutchouc 11 that is clamped between the pressing plate form, and the screw rod 10 that passes the precompression parts is connected in it on lower bolster.
Be arranged on the blank holder 5 on adjustment gasket ring top shown in Fig. 3,4, there is through hole 5-2 in its heart section, upper surface 5-1 is provided with the groove ring 5-3 that lays product, the support bar 15 that is connected on the blank holder, the other end passes successively adjusts gasket ring, fixed head, backing plate, lower bolster, workbench, is connected with precompression parts top board.Nut on the tensioning threaded rods, the elastic caoutchouc distortion produces precompression upwards, blank holder is suspended in adjusts the gasket ring top.
Punch 7 bottoms that are socketed on blank holder and adjust in the gasket ring are anchored in the fixed head, and its bottom surface and backing plate upper surface join; The shape of the shape on punch top and product cavity inner wall is suitable.
Die 3 tops that are positioned at the blank holder top are connected by cope match-plate pattern 1 and press slide, and cavity die structure is shown in Fig. 5,6.The through hole 3-2 junction of die bottom surface 3-3 and heart section is provided with the resistance ring 3-1 to lower convexity, and the resistance ring size can design as required, and sheet metal thickness is 2.5mm in the present embodiment, and resistance ring height of projection is 0.5-0.6mm, and width is 1-1.5mm; Limiter 2 is socketed in the through hole of die, and is coupled to the through hole of cope match-plate pattern by bolt.
2, product bottom surface shown in Figure 2 is placed in the groove ring of blank holder, the punch upper surface in the blank holder is stretched in the cavity of product; Product end cap and limiter lower surface join.
3, shaping: apparatus of the present invention shaping state as shown in figure 11.The same Figure 10 of each part description.
3-1: such as Fig. 7, the faying face between die 3, limiter 2 and punch 6, the blank holder 5 forms the shaping die cavity; The descending drive die 3 of press slide moves down, and the resistance ring 5-3 of die bottom surface at first contacts with the lower filleted corner of product 4;
(d) such as Fig. 8, press slide continues descending, and die resistance ring is pressed into the lower filleted corner of product, contact blank holder upper surface, die bottom surface;
At this moment, punch outer wall, die through-hole wall face produce downward pressure, the downward slippage of the inside and outside wall metal material of boss to the inside and outside wall of product boss respectively; Because the resistance ring is also exerted pressure at the lower filleted corner place of product, stop the material of downward slippage to flow to bottom surface extension direction, can only be toward the interior accumulation of moulding die cavity.
(e) press slide continues descendingly, and the die cavity volume reduces, until the stop upper surface contacts with cope match-plate pattern, and plane contact on blank holder lower plane and the adjusting pad, press no longer presses down.At this moment, die tightly suppresses both sides and the bottom surface of product boss, and the punch upper surface is pressed on the bottom of product end cap, and the limiter lower surface is pressed on the upper surface of end cap.Product is subject to the extruding of concave-convex mold and stop, and workpiece material can only flow to the space at unresisted upper and lower bull nose place, thereby forms the small fillet radius at upper and lower bull nose place.
Adopt apparatus of the present invention and shaping methods, can obtain the bull nose of small fillet radius, as required, adopt same principle, can repeat above-mentioned steps, fillet is further zoomed in.Satisfy user's demand.
Although according to preferred embodiment the present invention has been carried out example and description, it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the aforesaid specific embodiment.Under not deviating from the situation of the present invention of setting forth in claims, can make to this change and change, the present invention expands to any new feature or any new combination that discloses in this manual, and the arbitrary new method that discloses or step or any new combination of process.