CN101469700A - External valve type hydraulic self-sealing plunger oil-well pump - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides an external hydraulic self-sealing plunger oil well pump, which mainly includes a floating valve, a plunger, a pump cylinder and a fixed valve, the fixed valve is fixedly connected to the lower part of the pump cylinder, and the floating valve is placed The outer upper part of the plunger and the fixed Vel connection on the lower part of the pump barrel are plugged into a fixed locking support in a locking support seat, and the pump can be pulled out of the well through a pulling mechanism; there are also sub-chamber bridge joints and Two special passages for oil pumping and flushing are formed by the backwash valve, which makes the pump inspection and flushing operations more convenient and reduces the production cost. The pump has the characteristics of high pump efficiency, small pump diameter, small friction resistance, long life, convenient operation, and no pollution.

Description

Vail external hydraulic self-sealing plunger pump

Technical field:

The invention belongs to the lifting field of petroleum exploitation machinery, and in particular relates to a plunger oil well pump of a pumping unit, which is a hydraulic plunger oil well pump with a small plunger diameter and self-sealing function.

Background technique:

At present, pumping oil with a rod plunger pump is one of the traditional lifting methods in the world petroleum industry, and it is also the dominant artificial lifting method so far. The first stage of rod pump pumping technology development is the bushing plunger pump, and the second stage is the whole barrel plunger pump, which is widely used at present. However, conventional plunger pumps have problems such as high friction, low efficiency, and complicated operations. The main reason is that the metal plunger and the pump barrel have errors in straightness and ellipticity that cause interference. When there are more oil and solid-containing particles, there is a greater frictional resistance. As the gap becomes smaller and the polymer concentration becomes larger, the axial pressure becomes larger, generating lateral force, causing rods and tubes to bend, and shortening the effective stroke of the pump. , The pump efficiency is reduced, which eventually leads to bad effects such as rod and tube partial friction and leakage, and shortened pump inspection cycle. When troubleshooting, the rod string or the tubing string can only be pulled out through operation, which increases the cost of crude oil extraction.

On the other hand, in the plunger pump commonly used at present, the swimming valve (valve) is connected in the plunger through threads, and moves with the plunger in the pump barrel relative to the pump barrel, so the pump diameter is relatively large, which is not suitable for In the well conditions of small diameter and small displacement.

Invention content:

The purpose of the present invention is to provide an external hydraulic self-sealing plunger oil well pump, which is suitable for small-diameter, small-displacement wells, and can solve the problem of large friction resistance, large theoretical displacement and low efficiency of conventional plunger pumps. Complicated tasks, etc.

The valve external hydraulic self-sealing plunger oil pump of the present invention mainly includes a swimming valve, a plunger, a pump cylinder and a fixed valve, wherein: the fixed valve is fixedly connected to the lower part of the pump cylinder, and the floating valve is placed on the top of the plunger.

In the external hydraulic self-sealing plunger pump described above, the fixed valve at the bottom of the pump barrel is connected to a fixed locking support, and the fixed locking support is plugged into a locking support seat.

The upper end of the pump barrel is provided with a group of telescopic bosses, and the lower part of the plunger is provided with a groove for the telescopic bosses to extend into. The timely engagement of the two forms a lifting mechanism for pulling the pump out of the ground.

The above-mentioned valve external hydraulic self-sealing plunger oil pump, wherein an outer tube is coaxially sleeved on the floating valve, the plunger, the pump barrel, the fixed valve or the fixed locking support, and the locking support Outside the seat, and connect a sub-cavity bridging joint under the fixed valve or locking support seat, which is provided with an opening outside the outer tube and communicates with the fixed locking support, fixed valve, pump barrel, column The plug and the swimming valve form the oil suction channel.

The external hydraulic self-sealing plunger oil pump described above, wherein, a backwash valve is fixed inside the lower end of the outer pipe, the valve seat of the backwash valve is fixedly connected to the side wall of the outer pipe, and the bottom of the valve seat communicates with the through hole. The bottom of the outer tube and the top through hole of the valve seat communicate with the flushing cavity formed by the outer tube and the sub-cavity bridging joint and the cavity between the outer tube and the pump barrel to form a special channel for flushing.

The external hydraulic self-sealing plunger oil well pump described above, wherein, the pump barrel is provided with a sealing section, and the sealing section is provided with a sealing section casing capable of transmitting pressure, and an elastic telescopic sleeve is installed inside the casing, and inside the elastic telescopic casing Multiple wear-resistant sealing rings are stacked.

By adopting the above design, the oil well pump of the present invention puts the Val (valve) outside, effectively reducing the pump diameter, making this new type of pump more suitable for small well diameters between Φ34.9mm and Φ50.8mm. , Well conditions with a small discharge rate of 0.5m ³ /d to 1m ³ /d. The pump barrel of the pump and the fixed valve at the lower part of the pump barrel are plugged into the locking support seat through the fixed locking support, and the reciprocating movement of the plunger in the pump barrel (the plunger can also be fixed as needed to make the pump barrel reciprocate) ) to realize the change of pump volume, so as to carry out suction and discharge. The sealing section of the pump cylinder, which is composed of three layers of casing, elastic sleeve and sealing ring, utilizes its hydraulic self-sealing function to ensure that the pump has no leakage in the upstroke and no friction in the downstroke. The joint between the groove provided on the pump plunger and the telescopic boss provided on the pump barrel can pull the oil well pump out of the ground conveniently and reliably for pump inspection. There is a sub-chamber bridging joint at the bottom of the oil well pump, so that the pump forms two special channels for oil pumping and flushing. This design makes the flushing operation clean and thorough, effectively prolonging the failure period of the oil well pump and reducing the cost of oil production.

Description of drawings:

Fig. 1 is the structural diagram of the external hydraulic self-sealing plunger pump of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a partially enlarged view of the pump barrel of the sealing section in Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of the work of the Valer external hydraulic self-sealing plunger oil well pump of the present invention;

In the figure: 1. Sucker rod, 2. Swimming valve (valve), 34. Plunger groove, 3. Plunger, 4. Pump barrel sealing section, 41. Sealing section shell, 42. Elastic telescopic sleeve , 43. Sealing ring, 44. Retractable boss, 5. Pump barrel, 6. Fixed valve (valve), 7. Fixed locking support, 8. Locking support seat, 9. Cavity bridge joint, 91 .Horizontal hole, 92. Vertical hole, 10. Backwash valve, 11. Outer pipe, 12. Casing.

Detailed ways:

As shown in Fig. 1, similar to the existing oil well pump, the valve external hydraulic self-sealing plunger oil well pump of the present invention is sequentially equipped with a sucker rod 1, a floating valve 2 and a pump cylinder 5 from top to bottom. Plunger 3; What is different from the existing oil well pump is:

The upper part of the pump barrel 5 is provided with a sealing section 4, and the lower part is fixedly connected with a fixed valve 6 and a fixed locking support 7. 6 interlinked channels;

The lower end of the locking support seat 8 is fixedly connected with a sub-cavity bridging joint 9, the sub-cavity bridging joint 9 has a horizontal hole 91 and a vertical hole 92 communicating with each other, and the vertical hole 92 communicates with the passage in the middle of the fixed locking support 7;

Set an outer pipe 11 as a flushing pipe or an oil pipe, the outer pipe 11 is sleeved outside the above-mentioned components, and is connected with one side end of the sub-chamber bridging joint 9, the side wall of the outer pipe 11 is connected with the sub-chamber A through hole is provided at the relative position of the horizontal hole 91 of the bridge joint 9; a gap is left between the outer pipe 11 and other parts sleeved therein to form a flushing channel; The valve seat 13 of the valve 10 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the outer tube 11, the bottom through hole of the valve seat 13 communicates with the bottom of the outer tube 11, and the top through hole of the valve seat 13 communicates with the flushing chamber formed by the outer tube 11 and the sub-chamber bridging joint 9 .

With the above design, the present invention places the fixed valve (valve) 6 outside the reciprocating plunger 3 and the pump cylinder 5, which can effectively reduce the pump diameter.

In the optimization scheme of the present invention, in order to achieve the hydraulic self-sealing function of the oil well pump, the sealing section 4 of the pump barrel 5 adopts an optimized design, as shown in Figure 2, the sealing section 4 is provided with a sealing section shell 41 that can transmit pressure There is an elastic telescopic sleeve 42, and several wear-resistant sealing rings 43 are stacked inside the elastic telescopic sleeve. Due to the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the sealing section 4, when the pump is on the upstroke, the sealing section 4 and the plunger 3 form a tight seal. Closed to achieve zero leakage; during the downstroke, there is a gap with the plunger 3 without friction. For the sealing section 4, refer to the design described in the inventor's other patent 200520112641.2.

In another optimized solution of the present invention, in order to pull the oil pump out of the ground for maintenance, as shown in Figure 1, a set of retractable bosses 44 are provided on the sealing section 4 of the pump barrel, and a set of retractable bosses 44 is provided on the lower part of the plunger 3. The groove 34 that the telescopic boss 44 extends into, when the sucker rod 1 pulls the plunger 3 upward, the groove 34 moves to the position of the telescopic boss 44 so that the telescopic boss 44 is inserted into the groove 34, so that the column The plug 3 is connected to the pump barrel 5, and at this time, the oil sucker rod 1 is pulled up again, so that the fixed locking support 7 fixedly connected with the pump barrel 5 is disengaged from the locking support seat 8, so that the upper part of the oil well pump Pull out the ground.

In yet another optimized solution of the present invention, an oil pumping channel and a cleaning channel are separately provided. Referring to Fig. 3, a casing 12 is axially sleeved outside the outer pipe (ie flushing pipe/oil pipe) 11, leaving a gap between the casing 12 and the outer pipe 11 to form a well flushing channel. The horizontal hole 91 and the vertical hole 92 of the sub-cavity crossing bridge joint 9 are connected upwards to the channel of the fixed locking support 7, the fixed valve 6, the pump barrel 5, the plunger 3, and the floating valve 2 to form an oil suction channel. and the cavity between the cavity of the outer tube 11, the cavity between the outer tube 11 and the internal installation parts (such as the pump cylinder 5) of the well flushing channel, the backwash valve 10, and the sub-cavity bridging joint 9 are communicated to form Flush the channel. When pumping oil, the backwash valve 10 is closed, and the liquid is lifted to the ground through the oil pumping channel; when the well is flushed, the high-pressure liquid is injected downhole through the well flushing channel and enters the bottom cavity of the outer pipe 11, and the flushing valve 10 is pushed back into the flushing channel , wash the sunk in the oil well pump, and finally return to the ground through the outer pipe 11 to complete the washing operation.

The above multiple optimized designs can be used in combination or used alone. Therefore, the oil well pump of the present invention can make various implementation changes, which are not listed here.

By adopting the above design, the present invention achieves the following beneficial effects:

The valve external hydraulic self-sealing plunger oil pump adopts the above-mentioned scheme, and the fixed valve (valve) is placed outside the reciprocating plunger and pump barrel for the first time, which can effectively reduce the pump diameter and make the oil well pump of the present invention It is more suitable for well conditions with a micro-diameter wellbore size between Φ34.9mm and Φ50.8mm, and a production rate of 0.5m ³ /d to 1m ³ /d and small displacement. The new pump diameter realized so far is the smallest pump diameter at home and abroad, and this technology has reached the leading level at home and abroad.

There is a sealing section on the pump barrel, and the high pressure outside the pump barrel cavity on the upstroke causes elastic deformation of the elastic telescopic sleeve of the sealing section to form a good seal, and the leakage tends to zero. The resistance tends to zero, and the friction on the upstroke is the effective friction of the load, which reduces the wear on the pump barrel, and the special wear-resistant sealing ring improves the service life of the pump. Under the same conditions, the effective stroke is increased, the downstroke has no friction resistance, the bending of the sucker rod is reduced, the effective stroke is increased, and the pump efficiency is significantly improved.

When inspecting the pump, the oil well pump can be pulled out of the ground smoothly through the plunger, the groove provided on the pump barrel, and the lifting mechanism of the boss. Oil production costs.

When flushing the well, inject high-pressure liquid into the casing. The high-pressure liquid passes through the bottom of the well, opens the backwash valve, enters the outer pipe, and returns to the ground through the outer pipe to complete the flushing operation. This special-channel well washing technology is clean and thorough, which can reduce the number of operations.

Claims (8)

1, a kind of external valve type hydraulic self-sealing plunger oil-well pump mainly comprises travelling valve, plunger, pump barrel and standing valve, it is characterized in that: described standing valve is fixedly connected on the bottom of pump barrel, and travelling valve places the plunger exterior upper.

2, external valve type hydraulic self-sealing plunger oil-well pump according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the standing valve of described pump barrel bottom connects fixing and locking supporting, and described fixing and locking supporting is plugged in the locking supporting base.

3, external valve type hydraulic self-sealing plunger oil-well pump according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: described pump barrel upper end is provided with one group of scalable boss, and the bottom of plunger is provided with the groove that stretches into for scalable boss, and the in good time joint of the two has formed the shift mechanism of pump being pulled out ground.

4, external valve type hydraulic self-sealing plunger oil-well pump according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: establish an outer coaxial tube and be sheathed on outside travelling valve, plunger, pump barrel, the standing valve, standing valve connects down one fen chamber gap bridge joint, and it establishes perforate in described outer tube outside and be communicated with outer fixing valve, pump barrel, plunger, travelling valve and form the passage of pumping.

5, external valve type hydraulic self-sealing plunger oil-well pump according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: establish an outer coaxial tube and be sheathed on outside travelling valve, plunger, pump barrel, standing valve, fixing and locking supporting and the locking supporting base, and described locking supporting base connects down one fen chamber gap bridge joint, and it establishes perforate in described outer tube outside and be communicated with fixing and locking supporting, standing valve, pump barrel, plunger, travelling valve and form the passage of pumping.

6, according to claim 4 or 5 described external valve type hydraulic self-sealing plunger oil-well pumps, it is characterized in that: inside, described outer tube lower end is installed with a backwash valve, the fixedly connected outer tube wall of the valve seat of backwash valve, the bottom through-hole of valve seat is communicated with the outer tube bottommost, and the top through hole of valve seat is communicated with the flushing chamber of outer tube and the formation of branch chamber gap bridge joint and the cavity between outer tube and the pump barrel and forms the flushing designated lane.

7, according to the arbitrary described external valve type hydraulic self-sealing plunger oil-well pump of claim 1 to 5, it is characterized in that: described pump barrel is established seal section, but seal section is provided with the seal section shell of conducting pressure, an elastic telescopic cover is housed in the shell, and closed assembly has a plurality of wear-resisting seal rings in elastic telescopic cover the inside.

8, external valve type hydraulic self-sealing plunger oil-well pump according to claim 6, it is characterized in that: described pump barrel is established seal section, but seal section is provided with the seal section shell of conducting pressure, and an elastic telescopic cover is housed in the shell, and closed assembly has a plurality of wear-resisting seal rings in elastic telescopic cover the inside.

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