CN101468934A - Gas generator composition and preparation thereof - Google Patents
Gas generator composition and preparation thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN101468934A CN101468934A CNA2007103070415A CN200710307041A CN101468934A CN 101468934 A CN101468934 A CN 101468934A CN A2007103070415 A CNA2007103070415 A CN A2007103070415A CN 200710307041 A CN200710307041 A CN 200710307041A CN 101468934 A CN101468934 A CN 101468934A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a gas production composition and a preparation method thereof. The gas production composition provided by the invention contains solute and solvent, wherein the gas production composition also contains cosolvent, and the solute is ethyl nitrate, nitrification diethanolamine or polyurethane. The method for preparing the gas production composition, which is provided by the invention, comprises the steps of well mixing the solute, the solvent and the cosolvent at a temperature between 0 and 65 DEG C and obtaining the gas production composition, wherein the solute is ethyl nitrate, nitrification diethanolamine or polyurethane. The gas production composition provided by the invention has the characteristics of innocuity, high gas production efficiency, fast combustion, no residue after combustion, low combustion temperature and suitability for large-scale application.
Description
Technical field
The invention relates to a kind of gas-generating agent composition and preparation method thereof.
Technical background
Gas-generating agent composition is meant that the burning back produces the various materials of gas.Gas-generating agent composition commonly used is the composition of solid form, generally contains triazo-compound, and non-azide gas-generating agent composition is just under study for action also arranged.But itself is subjected to the influence of external environment factor easily solid-state gas-generating agent composition, and different outside temperatures can cause different combustionproperties.And because solid chemicals to the restriction of shape and size, makes it can't be by arbitrary load, the size of producer is bigger, and not recyclable, has brought waste and problem of environmental pollution.
In order to overcome the defective of solid-state gas-generating agent composition, people are attempting studying liquid gas-generating agent composition.At present, liquid gas-generating agent composition has obtained certain applications in fields such as space flight.The liquid gas-generating agent composition of present liquid contains inclined to one side dimethoxy nitrile, nitrogen tetroxide or hydroxylamine nitriate.As disclosing a kind of liquid gas-generating agent composition that contains hydrogen peroxide, hydroxylamine nitriate and water among the United States Patent (USP) 6328831B1.But existing gas-generating agent composition is unsuitable for large-scale application owing to there is the shortcoming that toxicity is big, corrodibility is big and volatility is big.
At present, the general requirement of the gas-generating agent composition of the use of the air bag in the automobile is that temperature of combustion is lower than 2500K; The few cigarette of combustion gas, low corrosion; Gas production rate is big.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome the big problem of toxicity that liquid gas-generating agent composition has in the prior art, provide a kind of nontoxic, the aerogenesis temperature is low, combustionvelocity is fast, the liquid gas-generating agent composition of the no residue in burning back.
The invention provides a kind of gas-generating agent composition, described gas-generating agent composition contains solute, solvent, and wherein, described gas-generating agent composition also contains solubility promoter, and described solute is ethyl nitrate, diosyethylnitramine dinitrate or urethane.
The invention provides a kind of preparation method of gas-generating agent composition, this method comprises solute, solvent and solubility promoter is mixed under 0-65 ℃ condition, obtains gas-generating agent composition, and wherein, described solute is ethyl nitrate, diosyethylnitramine dinitrate or urethane.
The characteristics that gas-generating agent composition provided by the invention has is nontoxic, gas producing efficiency is high, combustionvelocity is fast, the no residue in burning back, temperature of combustion are low, be suitable for the mass-producing application.
Embodiment
Gas-generating agent composition provided by the invention contains solute, solvent, and wherein, described gas-generating agent composition also contains solubility promoter, and described solute is ethyl nitrate, diosyethylnitramine dinitrate or urethane.
Described urethane is called polyurethane(s) again, it is the general designation that contains the macromolecular cpd of repetition carbamate groups on the main chain, be to be polymerized by organic diisocyanate or polyisocyanates and dihydroxyl or polyol, can be divided into polyether-polyurethane, polyester-polyurethane and polyolefin-type urethane etc. by the oligomer polyol type, carry out polyaddition reaction by polyether glycol, polyester polyol or poly-fourth two hydrocarbon glycol etc. as oligomer polyol and multicomponent isocyanate respectively and generate.The example of concrete urethane includes but not limited to monohydroxy-alcohol urethane, polyether-polyurethane, polyester-polyurethane or polyolefin-type urethane, is preferably polyether-polyurethane.Polyether-polyurethane is preferably polyether glycol type polyurethane or polyether triol type polyurethane.The weight-average molecular weight of described urethane is preferably 30000-60000, more preferably 30000-40000.The urethane that satisfies above-mentioned condition can be by commercially available, as FZS-11, FRR-21 or the FC-41 of Taizhou Fei Er extra high molecular Materials Co., Ltd production.
Described solvent is one or more in water, the pure and mild organic acid acetic.
Described alcohol is C1-C6 monobasic or polyvalent alcohol, for example one or more in ethanol, propyl alcohol, propylene glycol, glycerol and the tetramethylolmethane; Described organic acid acetic is the ester that the organic acid of the pure and mild C1-C12 of C1-C12 forms, for example one or more in ethyl acetate, butylacetate, glycerine triacetate, ethyl propionate and the butyl propionate.
Gross weight with gas-generating agent composition is a benchmark, and the content of solute is 40-85%, and the content of solvent is 5-40%, and the content of solubility promoter is 5-40%.
Described solubility promoter is to improve the deliquescent material of solute in solvent, can be selected from liquid hydrocarbon, inorganic acid ester, hydrazine, hydrazine hydrate, hydrazine nitrate and the nitrate one or more.Described liquid hydrocarbon is preferably one or more in pentane, hexane and the octane; Described inorganic acid ester is preferably propyl nitrate and/or di(2-ethylhexyl)phosphate manthanoate; Described nitrate is preferably one or more in SODIUMNITRATE, saltpetre, ammonium nitrate, aluminum nitrate, magnesium nitrate, nitrocalcite, cupric nitrate, lead nitrate, strontium nitrate and the cerous nitrate.
Under the preferable case, also containing stablizer and/or passivator in the described gas-generating agent composition, is benchmark with the gross weight of gas-generating agent composition, and the total content of stablizer and solubility promoter is 0.1-10%.
Described stablizer is the material that reduces initial combustion speed, is preferably in Repone K, vitriolate of tartar, lime carbonate, lead oxalate, caoxalate and the ammonium chloride one or more.
Described passivator is the superpolymer of porous material or high adsorption capacity, is preferably in silicon-dioxide, diatomite, methylcellulose gum, ethyl cellulose, soluble cotton, rhodia, sodium carboxymethylcellulose pyce, ethyl cellulose sodium, sodium cellulose glycolate, polymethylmethacrylate, polyvinyl alcohol, polyacrylamide, polyacrylic hydrazide, gelatin and the porous-starch one or more.Described porous-starch is a kind of novel modified starch, and it is after natural living starch is managed through hydrolysis, to form aperture on its material surface outward, and extend to granule interior always, be a kind of hollow particle of similar hornet's nest shape, can the various materials of splendid attire in wherein, have good adsorption.Therefore, porous-starch is a kind of novel organic adsorbent and embedded material of high-tech content, is widely used in medicine, agricultural chemicals, printing, daily-use chemical industry, makeup and food service industry.Its proterties is the solid-state combustionmaterial of the colloid of brown clear tubular, and is nontoxic, tasteless.
The preparation method of gas-generating agent composition provided by the invention comprises, solute, solvent and solubility promoter are mixed under 0-65 ℃ condition, obtains gas-generating agent composition, and wherein, described solute is ethyl nitrate, diosyethylnitramine dinitrate or urethane.
Gross weight with the gas-generating agent composition that makes is a benchmark, and the consumption of solute is 40-85%, and the consumption of solvent is 5-40%, and the consumption of solubility promoter is 5-40%.Under the preferable case, also containing stablizer and/or passivator in the described gas-generating agent composition, is benchmark with the gross weight of gas-generating agent composition, and total consumption of stablizer and solubility promoter is 0.1-10%.
The kind of described solute, solvent, solubility promoter, stablizer and passivator makes a detailed description hereinbefore, is not giving unnecessary details at this.
Described blending means is conventionally known to one of skill in the art, mixes as raw material being placed in the Glass Containers, being stirred to.
In the blended process, temperature should be controlled to be 0-65 ℃, and temperature is 15-65 ℃ under the preferable case.The method of controlled temperature is an ordinary method, as utilizes the water bath with thermostatic control controlled temperature.
Under the preferable case, the gas-generating agent composition that obtains can be evacuated to below 0.01 MPa, to remove the bubble in the liquid.
The present invention is described further below by embodiment.
Embodiment 1
Present embodiment is used to illustrate gas-generating agent composition provided by the present invention and preparation method thereof.
With the gross weight is benchmark, adds the ethyl nitrate of 60 weight % in there-necked flask, and the ethyl acetate of the propyl nitrate of 35 weight % and 5 weight % is put into 60 ℃ of thermostat water baths with there-necked flask, stirs, to mixing.With the mixture sealing, be evacuated to 0.01 MPa, obtain gas-generating agent composition A1.
With the gas-generating agent composition A that the makes steel producer of packing into, in the 60L encloses container, carry out the container pressure test according to standard GBT 19949.1-2005 " road vehicle airbag unit the 3rd part-inflator assembly test ", record and the results are shown in table 1.
Embodiment 2
Present embodiment is used to illustrate gas-generating agent composition provided by the present invention and preparation method thereof.
With the gross weight is benchmark, add the diosyethylnitramine dinitrate of 75 weight % in there-necked flask, the Repone K of the ethyl acetate of the octane of 10 weight %, 5 weight %, the water of 10 weight % and 5 weight % is put into 40 ℃ of thermostat water baths with there-necked flask, stir, to mixing.With the mixture sealing, be evacuated to 0.01 MPa, obtain gas-generating agent composition A2.
According to the method identical with embodiment 1, the gas-generating agent composition that makes is carried out the container pressure test in the 60L encloses container, record and the results are shown in table 1.
Embodiment 3
Present embodiment is used to illustrate gas-generating agent composition provided by the present invention and preparation method thereof.
With the gross weight is benchmark, urethane (the PU628 that in there-necked flask, adds 55 weight %, Guangzhou thousand combination worker raw material company limiteds, the polyether glycol type polyurethane, weight-average molecular weight 35000), the soluble cotton of the ethanol of the water of 15 weight %, 20 weight %, the hydrazine hydrate of 5 weight % and 5 weight % is put into 20 ℃ of thermostat water baths with there-necked flask, stir, to mixing.With the mixture sealing, be evacuated to 0.01 MPa, obtain gas-generating agent composition A3.
According to the method identical with embodiment 1, the gas-generating agent composition that makes is carried out the container pressure test in the 60L encloses container, record and the results are shown in table 1.
Embodiment 4
Present embodiment is used to illustrate gas-generating agent composition provided by the present invention and preparation method thereof.
With the gross weight is benchmark, urethane (the PU102 that in there-necked flask, adds 47 weight %, the blue precious chemical company limited in Wenzhou City, the polyether triol type polyurethane, weight-average molecular weight 35000), the saltpetre of the propyl alcohol of the ethyl acetate of 30 weight %, 10 weight %, the methylcellulose gum of 10 weight % and 3 weight % is put into 20 ℃ of thermostat water baths with there-necked flask, stir, to mixing.With the mixture sealing, be evacuated to 0.01 MPa, obtain gas-generating agent composition A4.
According to the method identical with embodiment 1, the gas-generating agent composition that makes is carried out the container pressure test in the 60L encloses container, record and the results are shown in table 1.
Embodiment 5
Present embodiment is used to illustrate gas-generating agent composition provided by the present invention and preparation method thereof.
With the gross weight is benchmark, urethane (the FZS-11 that in there-necked flask, adds 57 weight %, Taizhou Fei Er extra high molecular Materials Co., Ltd, the hydroxy-terminated polybutadienes type polyurethane, weight-average molecular weight 40000), the strontium nitrate of the hydrazine of the glycerine triacetate of 25 weight %, 5 weight %, the porous-starch of 10 weight % and 3 weight % is put into 30 ℃ of thermostat water baths with there-necked flask, stir, to mixing.With the mixture sealing, be evacuated to 0.01 MPa, obtain gas-generating agent composition A5.
According to the method identical with embodiment 1, the gas-generating agent composition that makes is carried out the container pressure test in the 60L encloses container, record and the results are shown in table 1.
Embodiment 6
Present embodiment is used to illustrate gas-generating agent composition provided by the present invention and preparation method thereof.
With the gross weight is benchmark, urethane (the FC-41 that in there-necked flask, adds 52 weight %, Taizhou Fei Er extra high molecular Materials Co., Ltd, poly-pentanediol azelate type polyurethane, weight-average molecular weight 40000), the porous-starch of the propylene glycol of the ethyl propionate of 20 weight %, 10 weight %, the hydrazine hydrate of 10 weight % and 8 weight % is put into 50 ℃ of thermostat water baths with there-necked flask, stir, to mixing.With the mixture sealing, be evacuated to 0.01 MPa, obtain gas-generating agent composition A6.
According to the method identical with embodiment 1, the gas-generating agent composition that makes is carried out the container pressure test in the 60L encloses container, record and the results are shown in table 1.
Comparative Examples 1
The preparation of the safety airbag aerogenesis drug of this Comparative Examples explanation prior art
The sodiumazide and the ferric oxide of oven dry is levigate to 20 microns in ball mill respectively, then above-mentioned sodiumazide and ferric oxide are evenly obtained mixture for the mixed of 62:38 by weight.
In said mixture, add the alcohol of mixture total weight amount 15 weight %, and mix, the medicinal powder wet mixing is agglomerating, and put into the tablets press granulation, and in temperature is 70 ℃ baking oven, dry to water content and be not more than 0.2 weight %.Then the medicine grain is put into tabletting machine compression moulding.
The safety airbag aerogenesis drug for preparing according to the method for this Comparative Examples is a benchmark with its gross weight, and the content of sodiumazide is 62 weight % in this gas generating powder, and the content of ferric oxide is 38 weight %.
Obtain gas-generating agent composition B1.
According to the method identical with embodiment 1, the gas-generating agent composition that makes is carried out the container pressure test in the 60L encloses container, record and the results are shown in table 1.
Table 1
| The embodiment numbering | The gas-generating agent composition numbering | Explosive load (gram) | Peak pressure (kPa) | Reach the peak pressure time (millisecond) | Level of residue (gram) | Temperature of combustion (degree centigrade) |
| Embodiment 1 | A1 | 20 | 206.8 | 11.2 | 0 | 277 |
| Embodiment 2 | A2 | 20 | 184.2 | 8.7 | 0 | 237 |
| Embodiment 3 | A3 | 20 | 173.0 | 12.5 | 0 | 306 |
| Embodiment 4 | A4 | 20 | 187.0 | 15.5 | 0 | 319 |
| Embodiment 5 | A5 | 20 | 189.5 | 13.1 | 0 | 343 |
| Embodiment 6 | A6 | 20 | 191.2 | 13.6 | 0 | 365 |
| Comparative Examples 1 | B1 | 20 | 56.4 | 38.1 | 0.72 | 324 |
As can be seen from Table 1, according to the gas-generating agent composition gas producing efficiency height of method preparation provided by the present invention, combustionvelocity is fast, the no residue in burning back, and temperature of combustion is low, meets the standard of car safety air bag with gas-generating agent composition.This explanation the invention provides a kind of nontoxic, gas producing efficiency is high, combustionvelocity is fast, the no residue in burning back, temperature of combustion are low, the gas-generating agent composition that is suitable for the mass-producing application.
Claims (14)
1, a kind of gas-generating agent composition, this gas-generating agent composition contains solute and solvent, it is characterized in that, and described gas-generating agent composition also contains solubility promoter, and described solute is ethyl nitrate, diosyethylnitramine dinitrate or urethane.
2, gas-generating agent composition according to claim 1, wherein, described urethane is monohydroxy-alcohol urethane, polyether-polyurethane, polyester-polyurethane or polyolefin-type urethane; The weight-average molecular weight of described urethane is 30000-60000.
3, gas-generating agent composition according to claim 1 wherein, is a benchmark with the total amount of gas-generating agent composition, and the content of solute is 40-85 weight %, and the content of solvent is 5-40 weight %, and the content of solubility promoter is 5-40 weight %.
4, according to claim 1 or 3 described gas-generating agent compositions, wherein, described solvent is one or more in water, the pure and mild organic acid acetic.
5, gas-generating agent composition according to claim 4, wherein, described alcohol is one or more in ethanol, propyl alcohol, propylene glycol, glycerol and the tetramethylolmethane; Described organic acid acetic is one or more in ethyl acetate, butylacetate, glycerine triacetate, ethyl propionate and the butyl propionate.
6, according to claim 1 or 3 described gas-generating agent compositions, wherein, described solubility promoter is one or more in liquid hydrocarbon, inorganic acid ester, hydrazine, hydrazine hydrate, hydrazine nitrate and the nitrate.
7, gas-generating agent composition according to claim 6, wherein, described liquid hydrocarbon is one or more in pentane, hexane and the octane; Described inorganic acid ester is propyl nitrate and/or di(2-ethylhexyl)phosphate manthanoate; Described nitrate is one or more in SODIUMNITRATE, saltpetre, ammonium nitrate, aluminum nitrate, magnesium nitrate, nitrocalcite, cupric nitrate, lead nitrate, strontium nitrate and the cerous nitrate.
8, according to claim 1 or 3 described gas-generating agent compositions, wherein, described gas-generating agent composition also contains stablizer and/or passivator, is benchmark with the total amount of gas-generating agent composition, and the total content of stablizer and/or solubility promoter is 0.1-10%.
9, gas-generating agent composition according to claim 8, wherein, described stablizer is one or more in Repone K, vitriolate of tartar, lime carbonate, lead oxalate, caoxalate and the ammonium chloride; Described passivator is one or more in silicon-dioxide, diatomite, methylcellulose gum, ethyl cellulose, soluble cotton, rhodia, sodium carboxymethylcellulose pyce, ethyl cellulose sodium, sodium cellulose glycolate, polymethylmethacrylate, polyvinyl alcohol, polyacrylamide, polyacrylic hydrazide, gelatin and the porous-starch.
10, the preparation method of the described gas-generating agent composition of claim 1, it is characterized in that this method comprises solute, solvent and solubility promoter are mixed, and obtains gas-generating agent composition under 0 ℃-65 ℃ temperature, wherein, described solute is ethyl nitrate, diosyethylnitramine dinitrate or urethane.
11, method according to claim 10 wherein, is a benchmark with the total amount of the gas-generating agent composition that obtains, and the consumption of solute is 40-85 weight %, and the consumption of solvent is 5-40 weight %, and the consumption of solubility promoter is 5-40 weight %.
12, according to claim 10 or 11 described methods, wherein, described solvent is one or more in water, the pure and mild organic acid acetic; Described solubility promoter is one or more in liquid hydrocarbon, inorganic acid ester, hydrazine, hydrazine hydrate, hydrazine nitrate, the nitrate.
13, according to claim 10 or 11 described methods, wherein, in gas-generating agent composition, also add stablizer and/or passivator, total consumption of stablizer and/or solubility promoter is 0.1-10%.
14, method according to claim 13, wherein, described stablizer is one or more in Repone K, vitriolate of tartar, lime carbonate, lead oxalate, caoxalate and the ammonium chloride; Described passivator is one or more in silicon-dioxide, diatomite, methylcellulose gum, ethyl cellulose, soluble cotton, rhodia, sodium carboxymethylcellulose pyce, ethyl cellulose sodium, sodium cellulose glycolate, polymethylmethacrylate, polyvinyl alcohol, polyacrylamide, polyacrylic hydrazide, gelatin and the porous-starch.
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| CN2007103070415A CN101468934B (en) | 2007-12-27 | 2007-12-27 | Gas generator composition and preparation thereof |
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| CN2007103070415A CN101468934B (en) | 2007-12-27 | 2007-12-27 | Gas generator composition and preparation thereof |
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| CN110256903A (en) * | 2019-07-25 | 2019-09-20 | 浙江海印数码科技有限公司 | A kind of fluorescein active ink and preparation method thereof |
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| CN115105946A (en) * | 2020-03-30 | 2022-09-27 | 深圳华明环保科技有限公司 | Preparation method of dioxin inhibitor and dioxin inhibition method |
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- 2007-12-27 CN CN2007103070415A patent/CN101468934B/en active Active
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110256903A (en) * | 2019-07-25 | 2019-09-20 | 浙江海印数码科技有限公司 | A kind of fluorescein active ink and preparation method thereof |
| CN110396835A (en) * | 2019-07-25 | 2019-11-01 | 浙江海印数码科技有限公司 | A kind of novel fluorescence ink for digital printing |
| CN115105946A (en) * | 2020-03-30 | 2022-09-27 | 深圳华明环保科技有限公司 | Preparation method of dioxin inhibitor and dioxin inhibition method |
| CN115105945A (en) * | 2020-03-30 | 2022-09-27 | 深圳华明环保科技有限公司 | Preparation method of dioxin inhibitor and dioxin inhibition method |
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| CN101468934B (en) | 2011-11-16 |
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