CN101463570B - Screw rod injection type plant fibre steam blasting device and method - Google Patents
Screw rod injection type plant fibre steam blasting device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN101463570B CN101463570B CN2009100365692A CN200910036569A CN101463570B CN 101463570 B CN101463570 B CN 101463570B CN 2009100365692 A CN2009100365692 A CN 2009100365692A CN 200910036569 A CN200910036569 A CN 200910036569A CN 101463570 B CN101463570 B CN 101463570B
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- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 title claims description 32
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- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
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Abstract
The invention discloses a screw injection type device for vegetation fiber steam-explosion and a method thereof. The device comprises a charging barrel which is internally provided with a squeezing screw rod matching the charging barrel; a feed inlet and a feed outlet are arranged on the charging barrel; a quick opening valve is arranged at the feed outlet; the squeezing screw rod is driven by a driving mechanism; an advancing mechanism is arranged at the rear end of the squeezing screw rod and a temperature controller is arranged on the charging barrel. The invention can respectively control the explosion pressure, the temperature and the retention time and has better suitability; therefore, while fiber cell separation is realized by vegetation fiber steam-explosion, modifying agent can be added in to realize in-situ modification of vegetation fiber, thus satisfying diverse application requirements of vegetation fiber.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of screw rod injection type plant fibre steam blasting device and method.
Background technology
Renewable, degradable biological resource that plant resources belongs to, string is a natural composite material, and cellulose wherein is the macromolecular material of highly crystalline, and mechanical property is high; The hemicellulose degree of polymerization wherein is low; Be prone to degraded; If can make full use of cheap agricultural discarded plant fiber, preparation string/degradable high polymer material composite, and improve the important channel that performance of composites will be developing melting wholly-degradable environment protection packaging material.
In present string/polymer composite; The string majority is only through pulverizing; And carrying out after certain surface treatment compoundly with macromolecular material, powdery plant fiber only plays the effect of increase-volume, and composite materials property is descended; And the string with certain draw ratio can improve the mechanical property of matrix material; Thereby degradable long string can be used as the enhancing body of fully-degradable polymer material, improves the mechanical property of fully-degradable polymer material, reduces the cost of composite simultaneously; Yet; Be generally the paper pulp of chemistry or chemical mechanical method processing as the string that strengthens body; Though mechanical property increases, the utilization rate of string is low, string strengthens body same pollution, string of existing in the preparation process and strengthens the problem that the body cost improves.
Strengthen aspect system is equipped with at string; Preparing the component that all relates to string in the process as the string that strengthens body separates; Influence the material of heat endurance through removing lignin, hemicellulose etc., obtain the string of the strong mechanical performance of high cellulose content.The string that is adopted strengthens the body multi-source in bast fiber and the paper grade (stock) chemical wood pulp and the chemi-groundwood of chemical degumming law, bacterial degumming method or enzymatic degumming; In recent years, steam dodges quick-fried pulp-making method flourish stage of characteristics entering with its high efficiency, low cost and no pollution in paper industry; The principle that steam dodges quick-fried method slurrying is to infiltrate hemicellulose, lignin and cellulosic amorphous region by high-temperature high-pressure steam; Make the fibre bundle swollen; Hemicellulose is degraded into soluble sugar, the lignin plasticizing of intercellular layer and part degraded, thus slacken interfibrous bonding; Pressurize a period of time is afterwards through opening the ball valve release of pressure of agitated reactor fast; Then intrafascicular part moisture content of infiltrated fiber forms water vapour rapid expansion release acting; The huge impact power that produces can be destroyed the hydrogen bond covalent bond even in the fibre bundle, strengthens the degraded of amorphous hemicellulose and lignin, destroys original fibre bundle and organizes structure; Make material be dissociated into single fibrocyte, thereby accomplish the preparation of long draw ratio fibre reinforcement from intercellular layer.The quick-fried fiber of vapour that at present dodges quick-fried preparation through steam also begins to be used as the enhancing body of polymer composites.
Mostly present steam blasting device is batch (-type), and the string that measures is put into the steam blasting jar, feeds the saturated vapor of certain pressure then, opens the quick opening valve pressure release after pressurize a period of time, realizes steam blasting; This steam blasting mode of utilizing saturated vapor, one side needs steam generating system, has increased the input cost of equipment; What is more important saturated vapour pressure and temperature correlation join; Improve the burst pressure simultaneous temperature and also will raise, so the difficulty of control respectively of temperature, pressure, and too high temperature causes very big destruction to the string performance in the middle of plurality of applications; And then can't realize the reaction time is accurately controlled, reaction back gained quality of fiber is not high.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of screw rod injection type plant fibre steam blasting device and method, the present invention can control respectively burst pressure, temperature and reaction time etc., and adaptability is stronger, realized the preparation of the long string of high-performance.
The present invention realizes through following technical scheme:
A kind of screw rod injection type plant fibre steam blasting device; Comprise barrel, in barrel, be provided with the extruding screw that is mated, on barrel, be provided with charging aperture and discharging opening; The place is provided with quick opening valve at discharging opening; Extruding screw is provided with propulsive mechanism by drive mechanism in the rear end of extruding screw, on barrel, is provided with temperature controller.
Plant fibre steam blasting method of the present invention comprises the steps: at least
A, with material through modifier treatment, control material moisture content be 20% to 60%;
The quick opening valve at b, discharging opening place is closed, under the driving mechanism effect, extruding screw with material in charging aperture input barrel;
C, under the effect of driving mechanism, extruding screw rotation and with the front end extruding of material to barrel makes through temperature controller that material remains on suitable temperature in the barrel, makes the material of barrel front end remain on suitable pressure through propulsive mechanism;
D, when barrel internal pressure, temperature and time reach setting value, the discharging opening of quick opening valve control barrel is opened fast, extruding screw ejects barrel with material, material moment explosion under low pressure also makes string wherein separate.
In aforementioned blasting method, can make that contained humidity evenly distributes in the material through material being carried out modifier treatment, and the moisture content of control material is 20% to 60%, preferred moisture content is 30% to 50%.For adapting to the application purpose of different strings; Also can carry out premix with different modifier through modified string, it is in-situ modified that the material that is mixed with modifier can be realized through steam blasting, and modifier can be to add after the modifier treatment for the first time; Also can be that for the second time modified back adds; Promptly after aforementioned a, b, c, d step, repeat a, b, c, d step once more, and between secondary a step and b step, increase a step: in material, add modifier.
In aforementioned c step, along with material constantly gets into barrel, extruding screw is retreated, and when extruding screw reached first anchor point, extruding screw stopped the rotation; It acts on the pressure of extruding screw through the propulsive mechanism adjustment again, and then the pressure of adjustment barrel front end material; After the pressurize scheduled time, when quick opening valve was opened, propelling piston moved forward when extruding screw moves forward to second anchor point with certain speed and pressure, the propelling piston stop motion.
The present invention can control the pressure in the barrel through extruding screw, propulsive mechanism, can control the reaction temperature of material in the barrel through temperature controller; The present invention is through controlling respectively burst pressure, temperature and reaction time etc., and adaptability is stronger, realizes the preparation of the long string of high-performance.
The place is provided with feed hopper at said charging aperture, in feed hopper, is provided with feed worm, and this feed worm is by drive mechanism.In the process, put into feed hopper earlier, and the charging aperture from barrel gets under the effect of feed worm through modified good material.
This steam blasting device also includes spacer shell and cyclone separator, and spacer shell is located at said quick opening valve rear end, and rear end and cyclone separator that cyclone separator is located at spacer shell communicate with said discharging opening through this spacer shell.Material after explosion covers into cyclone separator through transition, and in cyclone separator, material is separated with wherein moisture content.
Said propulsive mechanism comprises propulsion cylinder, in propulsion cylinder, is provided with the propelling piston that is mated; Said extruding screw or propelling piston are connected with displacement controller (like travel switch, electronic ruler etc.).In process, along with material constantly enters in the barrel and in the front end compacting of barrel, the pressure that extruding screw bore is increasing; Extruding screw is rearward shunk back under pressure, and extruding screw keeps balance under forefront pressure, two active forces of rear end propelling piston, through the size of the adjustable material all in one piece tube of propelling piston forefront pressure; As two desired locations can be arranged on frame, when extruding screw retreated to first anchor point, extruding screw stopped the rotation; Mobile propelling piston can be adjusted the pressure of barrel front end; And then burst pressure adjusted, after the pressurize scheduled time, when quick opening valve is opened; Propelling piston moves forward when extruding screw moves forward to second anchor point with certain speed and pressure, the propelling piston stop motion.
Said temperature controller comprises the heater on the outer wall that is sheathed on said barrel and is opened in the cooling bath on the outer wall of said barrel, can carry out independent control to material temperature in the barrel through heater or cooling bath.
Material tube inner wall is divided into two sections, can have interior helical for one section near charge door, does not establish interior helical near one section of discharging opening is smooth, and the inwall of barrel also can not established interior helical, is smooth inner wall.The hand of spiral of interior helical and said extruding screw is opposite, and interior helical is preferably helicla flute, and in the extruding screw rotary course, because the setting of helical in the barrel, material is faster to the speed that the barrel front end advances.
The pitch of said extruding screw front end screw line is less than the pitch of rear end screw line.The rear end of extruding screw is the feeding section of coarse pitch, and a large amount of materials constantly is compacted through the front end of this section entering barrel and through extruding screw, and forms closely knit material plug at feeding section, and frictional heat raises temperature of charge under extruding screw adjustment rotation.
Between the front end of barrel and quick opening valve, be provided with brokenly a material mouthful mould, on broken material mouthful mould, be provided with a plurality of spokes radially.When material under the HTHP effect when the barrel front end sprays, spoke radially can make material as much as possible explosion with separate.
The invention has the advantages that:
1, can realize semicontinuous operation;
2, can realize the independent control of steam blasting temperature, pressure, the time of staying;
If 3 add modifier in steam blasting, can be in-situ modified by the reaction condition realization of steam blasting, temperature, pressure and the time of staying of independent control is the necessary condition that realizes in-situ modified reaction;
4, when fiber is carried out modifier treatment, can in fiber, add modifier and be used for fiber is carried out modification.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the state diagram of screw rod injection type plant fibre steam blasting device according to the invention at initial station;
Fig. 2 is the structure chart of barrel discharging opening place discharging opening mould;
Fig. 3 is the state diagram of screw rod injection type plant fibre steam blasting device according to the invention at packing stage;
Fig. 4 is the state diagram of screw rod injection type plant fibre steam blasting device according to the invention in the pressure release explosion stage;
Description of reference numerals:
1, barrel, 2, extruding screw, 3, feed hopper, 4, feed worm, 5, motor; 6, spacer shell, 7, cyclone separator, 8, propulsion cylinder, 9, propelling piston, 10, displacement controller; 11, heater, 12, cooling bath, 13, quick opening valve, 16, interior helical, 18, a broken material mouthful mould; 19, spoke, 20, sealing ring, 21, first anchor point, 22, second anchor point.
The specific embodiment
To shown in Figure 4, a kind of screw rod injection type plant fibre steam blasting device comprises barrel 1 like Fig. 1; In barrel 1, be provided with the extruding screw 2 that is mated; On barrel 1, be provided with charging aperture and discharging opening, be provided with quick opening valve 13 at the discharging opening place, extruding screw 2 is by drive mechanism (like motor 5); Rear end at extruding screw 2 is provided with propulsive mechanism, on barrel 1, is provided with temperature controller.
Be provided with feed hopper 3 at the charging aperture place, in feed hopper 3, be provided with feed worm 4, this feed worm 4 is driven by driving mechanism (like motor 5).
This steam blasting device also includes spacer shell 6 and cyclone separator 7, and spacer shell 6 is located at quick opening valve 13 rear ends, and rear end and cyclone separator 7 that cyclone separator 7 is located at spacer shell 6 communicate with discharging opening through this spacer shell 6.
Said propulsive mechanism comprises propulsion cylinder 8, in propulsion cylinder 8, is provided with the propelling piston 9 that is mated; Propelling piston 9 is connected with displacement controller 10.
Temperature controller comprises the heater 11 on the outer wall that is sheathed on barrel 1 and is opened in the cooling bath 12 on the outer wall of barrel 1.
Steam explosion method in the present embodiment comprises the steps:
A, material is 30% to 50% through the moisture content of modifier treatment control material, and back adding modifier in material mixes;
The quick opening valve 13 at b, discharging opening place is closed, with material in charging aperture input barrel 1;
C, under the effect of driving mechanism, extruding screw 2 rotation and with the front end extruding of material to barrel 1 makes through temperature controller that material remains on suitable temperature in the barrel 1, makes the material of barrel 1 front end remain on suitable pressure through propulsive mechanism;
D, along with material constantly gets into barrel, extruding screw 2 is retreated, when extruding screw 2 reached first anchor point 21, extruding screw 2 stopped the rotation; It acts on the pressure of extruding screw 2 through the propulsive mechanism adjustment again, and then the pressure of adjustment barrel 1 front end material, after the pressurize scheduled time; The discharging opening of quick opening valve 13 control barrels 1 is opened fast; Propelling piston 9 moves forward with certain speed and pressure, when extruding screw 2 moves forward to second anchor point 22, and propelling piston 9 stop motions; Extruding screw 2 ejects barrel 1 with material, and material moment explosion under low pressure also makes string wherein separate modification.
Particularly: Fig. 1 is the initialization position, and extruding screw 2 is in the front position, and quick opening valve 13 is closed, and on broken material mouthful mould 18, is provided with many spokes 19 radially; The temperature of barrel 1 is divided three sections settings, and first section feeding section temperature is lower than 100 ℃, and second and third section temperature is 120 to 190 ℃; Motor 5 drives extruding screws 2 rotations, and extruding screw 2 rotating speeds are 60 to 500rpm, and the material that under the driving of feed worm 3, has certain moisture content gets in the coarse pitch feeding section of extruding screw 2; Continuous compacting when through extruding screw 2 rotation material being fed forward forms closely knit material plug, temperature of charge rising under the acting in conjunction of the outer heating of material frictional heat and feeding section under the conveying effect of rotation at a high speed at the end of extruding screw 2 feeding sections; Be lower than 100 ℃ at reinforced packing stage through the control of the temperature controller on the barrel 1 temperature of charge; Prevent the moisture premature evaporation in the material, the reverse interior helical 16 that is provided with on the feeding section barrel 1 helps increasing the transfer efficiency of material, after the material of fully compacting forms closely knit material plug, gets into metering section; It is 120 to 190 ℃ in the needed temperature range of steam blasting that the corresponding therewith temperature control through barrel 1 makes material temperature; Because the continuous high speed rotation string of screw rod constantly is fed forward and gets into extruding screw 2 heads and broken confined space of expecting between a mouthful mould 18, the quick opening valve 13, extruding screw 2 is produced retreat active force, through the pressure of control propulsion cylinder 8; Produce the back pressure that balances each other with the material active force; The back pressure that propulsion cylinder 8 is set makes the pressure of extruding screw 2 head materials reach the needed burst pressure of steam blasting, along with continuous entering extruding screw 2 front end area of material, promotes extruding screw 2 and retreats; When reaching the position of first setting always; Extruding screw 2 stops the rotation, and extruding screw 2 heads store a certain amount of explosion material of treating, and are as shown in Figure 3; Through regulating the pressure of propulsion cylinder 8; Can change the pressure that is applied to extruding screw 2 head materials, also can control the heat-insulation pressure keeping time of staying of stored material, quick opening valve 13 seals up the steam in 2 front end materials of extruding screw; Reinforced simultaneously compression section is terminal to be formed closely knit material plug and guarantees that also steam can not overflow from extruding screw 2 rear ends; The barrel 1 position temperature that the feeding section material is corresponding in the pressure-maintaining and heat-preservation process is lower, has avoided material after being heated for a long time, and the material of metering section is further uniform temperature distribution then.Reach explosion temperature, burst pressure and pressure-maintaining and heat-preservation after the time; As shown in Figure 4; Quick opening valve 13 is opened discharging opening in less than 1 second time; Propelling piston 9 promotion extruding screws 2 move forward fast immediately, and the material that is stored in extruding screw 2 heads is ejected brokenly a material mouthful mould 18, get into cyclone separators 7 through spacer shell 6.The effect of broken material mouthful mould 18 is to break cylindric material plug; Make the string explosion more even; The interior material of screw channel is compacted during extruding screw 2 reaches; And because the barrier effect of spiral shell rib, only the material of 2 leading portions storages of extruding screw can spurt through a broken material mouthful mould 18, and the material in the screw channel can not discharged in advance.The joining day of modifier can be after the modifier treatment first time, to add, and also can be after the modifier treatment second time, to add.
Claims (9)
1. a screw rod injection type plant fibre steam blasting device comprises barrel, in barrel, is provided with the extruding screw that is mated; On barrel, be provided with charging aperture and discharging opening; It is characterized in that the place is provided with quick opening valve at discharging opening, extruding screw is by drive mechanism; Rear end at extruding screw is provided with propulsive mechanism, on barrel, is provided with temperature controller.
2. screw rod injection type plant fibre steam blasting device according to claim 1 is characterized in that the place is provided with feed hopper at said charging aperture, in feed hopper, is provided with feed worm, and this feed worm is by drive mechanism.
3. screw rod injection type plant fibre steam blasting device according to claim 1 is characterized in that said propulsive mechanism comprises propulsion cylinder, in propulsion cylinder, is provided with the propelling piston that is mated; Said extruding screw or propelling piston are connected with displacement controller.
4. like each said screw rod injection type plant fibre steam blasting device in the claim 1 to 3, it is characterized in that said temperature controller comprises the heater on the outer wall of being located at said barrel and is opened in the cooling bath on the outer wall of said barrel.
5. like each said screw rod injection type plant fibre steam blasting device in the claim 1 to 3, it is characterized in that the pitch of said extruding screw front end screw line is less than the pitch of rear end screw line.
6. a screw rod injection type plant fibre steam blasting method is characterized in that, this method comprises the steps: at least
A, with material through modifier treatment, control material moisture content be 20% to 60%;
The quick opening valve at b, discharging opening place is closed, with material in charging aperture input barrel;
C, under the effect of driving mechanism, extruding screw rotation and with the front end extruding of material to barrel makes through temperature controller that material remains on suitable temperature in the barrel, makes the material of barrel front end remain on suitable pressure through propulsive mechanism;
D, when barrel internal pressure, temperature and time reach setting value, the discharging opening of quick opening valve control barrel is opened fast, extruding screw ejects barrel with material, material moment explosion under low pressure also makes string wherein separate.
7. like the said screw rod injection type plant fibre steam blasting method of claim 6, it is characterized in that, in aforementioned c step; Along with material constantly gets into barrel, extruding screw is retreated, when extruding screw retreats to first anchor point; Extruding screw stops the rotation, and mobile propelling piston can be adjusted the pressure of barrel front end, and then burst pressure is adjusted; After the pressurize scheduled time; When quick opening valve was opened, propelling piston moved forward when extruding screw moves forward to second anchor point with certain speed and pressure, the propelling piston stop motion.
8. like claim 6 or 7 said screw rod injection type plant fibre steam blasting methods, it is characterized in that, after aforementioned a step, increase step before the b step: the string material after string modifier and the modifier treatment is evenly mixed.
9. like claim 6 or 7 said screw rod injection type plant fibre steam blasting methods; It is characterized in that; After aforementioned a, b, c, d step, repeat a, b, c, d step once more, and between secondary a step and b step, increase a step: in material, add modifier.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2009100365692A CN101463570B (en) | 2009-01-12 | 2009-01-12 | Screw rod injection type plant fibre steam blasting device and method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2009100365692A CN101463570B (en) | 2009-01-12 | 2009-01-12 | Screw rod injection type plant fibre steam blasting device and method |
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| CN101463570A CN101463570A (en) | 2009-06-24 |
| CN101463570B true CN101463570B (en) | 2012-01-04 |
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| CN2009100365692A Expired - Fee Related CN101463570B (en) | 2009-01-12 | 2009-01-12 | Screw rod injection type plant fibre steam blasting device and method |
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| CN102059076A (en) * | 2010-11-25 | 2011-05-18 | 东南大学 | Dual-piston pressure-controlling type material steam explosion method and devices |
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| FR3075226B1 (en) * | 2017-12-19 | 2019-11-22 | Exo Conseils | PROCESS FOR REFINING VEGETABLE FIBERS BY STEAM EXPLOSION |
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| CN110359307A (en) * | 2019-07-22 | 2019-10-22 | 南昌大学 | A kind of continuous type steam blasting gear of hot tail gas recycling |
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