TWI392544B - A piston pressure feeding mechanism of lignocellulosic biomass - Google Patents

Description

Fiber raw material piston type differential pressure feeding device

The invention relates to a fiber material piston type differential pressure feeding device, in particular to a pressure difference between a reactor ring and a surrounding environment by using a piston ring and a ball valve, in particular, the fiber raw material can be continuously fed from normal pressure to Piston feed unit in a high pressure reactor.

Due to the fiber agricultural wastes such as corn cob, bagasse, rice straw, rice husk and groundnut, only a small number of fertilizers are used, and most of them are still treated by landfill or incineration, which not only has a major impact on the environment, but also resources or land. The use of more is a big waste. Therefore, lignocellulosic materials such as agricultural waste, softwood and hardwood have been regarded as the most potential alcohol raw materials in the future.

Generally, fibrous raw materials mainly contain 60-80% of cellulose, hemicellulose and 15-25% of lignin, and cellulose and hemicellulose need to be converted into six-carbon sugar (mainly glucose) and five carbon respectively. Sugar (mainly xylose) can further convert these monosaccharides into alcohol by biofermentation techniques. Among them, in the whole process, a pretreatment process is usually added before the cellulose is converted into sugar, and the purpose is to dissolve the xylose in the hemicellulose, and also destroy or reduce the shadowing effect produced by the obstacles. Generally, chemical acid-base treatment is used in combination with physical pulverization, cooking and blasting. Among them, the dilute acid hydrolysis or high pressure hydrothermal combination steam explosion method is the most mature and the most commonly used method in the industry.

The above pretreatment program usually needs to be in a high temperature and high pressure environment. Due to the different characteristics of various fiber raw materials, not only is it difficult to mix and heat sufficiently, but also causes bridging, so it is difficult to control when feeding the feed, and if it is at atmospheric pressure Direct continuous feeding to high pressure is prone to pressure leakage and energy loss. Therefore, the pretreatment reactor generally uses a batch reactor. However, the general batch pretreatment reactor needs to be heated after the advanced material is completed, and the reaction can be started after the reaction is completed. The flash discharge is discharged, which is a batch treatment, and the batch treatment is not limited only by the batch treatment. The volume of the container, which in turn affects the speed at which the fiber material is processed, that is, the amount of processing, is limited, and there is also difficulty in discharging. In addition to considering the heating uniformity and mixing effect, the subsequent processing equipment for bursting a large amount of gas needs to be able to withstand the instantaneous impact processing amount, thus increasing the cost of the exhaust gas treatment equipment. In contrast, the continuous high-temperature and high-pressure pretreatment reactor can not only increase the productivity but also reduce the cost, and the key technology of such a reactor lies in the design of the atmospheric pressure to high pressure feeding mechanism of the fiber raw material. Therefore, in order to increase the production of fiber alcohol, it is necessary to develop a normal pressure to high-pressure feeding mechanism of the fiber raw material of the continuous high-temperature high-pressure pretreatment reactor, so that the fiber alcohol pretreatment process can be continuously operated to reduce the cost, thereby improving the fiber alcohol. Competitiveness. Therefore, in the above-mentioned technology, the general practitioner cannot meet the needs of the user for continuous mass production in actual use.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The main object of the present invention is to overcome the above problems encountered in the prior art and to provide a fiber feed piston differential pressure feed device for a continuous pressure to high pressure continuous feed of a fiber raw material at the front end of a high temperature and high pressure reactor.

A secondary object of the present invention is to provide an operator who presses a predetermined amount of fiber raw material into a piston manner and blocks a pressure difference between the reactor chamber and the external environment to achieve a continuous pressure to a high pressure continuous feed.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a pretreatment process that can be applied to a domestic fiber alcohol demonstration test factory and a mass production plant, which can ensure that the fiber raw materials in the high temperature and high pressure reactor can be uniformly heated, thereby reducing pressure leakage. The loss of energy to reduce costs and thus enhance the competitiveness of fiber alcohol.

For the purpose of the above, the present invention relates to a fiber material piston type differential pressure feeding device, which comprises a feeding hopper, a horizontal pushing mechanism disposed on a side of the feeding passage below the feeding hopper, and a a vertical pressing mechanism vertically connected to the horizontal pushing mechanism on the other side of the feeding passage below the hopper; and the feeding hopper includes a rotary resistance level gauge disposed on the side, and one disposed below a feeding channel; the horizontal pushing mechanism comprises a pushing sleeve, a first driving member disposed in the pushing sleeve, a roller disposed under the pushing sleeve, and a roller disposed on the roller a returning piece, and a pressure plate disposed in front of the push sleeve for driving the first driving member to move left and right; and the vertical pressing mechanism comprises a second driving member having a piston rod, a feeding chamber connected to the second driving member for moving the piston rod up and down, an access cover disposed on a side of the feeding cavity, and a piston pressing on the piston rod and having a piston ring a head, a communication with the feed cavity for the live on the piston rod a pressing chamber into which the pressing head is tightly inserted, a pressure relief valve disposed on a side of the pressing chamber, a check valve disposed under the pressing chamber, and a check valve disposed on the check valve The lower high pressure ball valve and the connecting plate below the high pressure ball valve are composed. Wherein, the upper part of the feeding hopper is connected to various conveying and feeding equipments, and the high temperature and high pressure reactor is connected under the connecting rotating plate.

Please refer to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, which are schematic perspective views of the apparatus of the present invention and a schematic diagram of the horizontal pushing mechanism of the present invention. As shown in the figure, the present invention is a fiber raw material piston type differential pressure feeding device 100, which comprises a feeding hopper 1, a horizontal pushing mechanism 2 and a vertical pressing mechanism 3.

The feed hopper 1 mentioned above is for feeding the fiber raw material, and the feed hopper 1 comprises a rotary resistance level gauge 11 disposed on the side and a feed passage 12 disposed below.

The horizontal pushing mechanism 2 is disposed on the side of the feeding passage 12 below the feeding hopper 1 for pushing the fiber raw material poured into the feeding hopper 1 toward the feeding passage 12, and the horizontal pushing mechanism 2 The utility model comprises a pusher sleeve 21, a first driving member disposed in the pusher sleeve 21, namely a pneumatic cylinder 22, a roller 23 disposed under the pusher sleeve 21, and a roller 23 disposed on the roller 23 The upper return piece 24 and a pressure plate 25 disposed in front of the pusher sleeve 21 for driving the pneumatic cylinder 22 to move left and right.

The vertical pressing mechanism 3 is disposed on the other side of the feeding passage 12 below the feeding hopper 1 and vertically abuts the horizontal pushing mechanism 2 for pressing the fiber raw material pushed by the pushing material. The vertical pressing mechanism 3 The utility model comprises a second driving member having a piston rod 311, that is, a hydraulic cylinder 31, a feeding chamber 32 connected to the hydraulic cylinder 31 for moving the piston rod 311 up and down, and a feeding chamber 32 disposed in the feeding chamber. A side cover repairing cover 33, a piston press-in head 34 disposed on the piston rod 311 and having a piston ring 341, and a piston press-in head connected to the feed cavity 32 for the piston rod 311 34 is inserted into the pressing chamber 35, a pressure relief valve 36 disposed on the side of the pressing chamber 35, a check valve 37 disposed under the pressing chamber 35, and a The high pressure resistant ball valve 38 below the check valve 37 and a connecting rotating plate 39 disposed below the high pressure resistant ball valve 38 are formed. As described above, a new fiber material piston type differential pressure feeding device 100 is constructed.

Wherein, the above feeding hopper 1 is connected to various conveying and feeding devices, and the high temperature and high pressure reactor is connected under the connecting rotating plate 3.

In the process of fiber alcohol production, a pretreatment process is required to dissolve most of the xylose in the hemicellulose, retain a large amount of cellulose in the solid residue, and destroy the fiber structure to facilitate the subsequent enzyme hydrolysis process. Previous processing procedures were generally performed under high temperature and pressure conditions. In view of this, the present invention is based on mass production and safety considerations, and in the continuous operation procedure, in order to ensure uniform heating reaction of the fiber raw materials in the high-temperature and high-pressure reactor, and to avoid pressure leakage, it is proposed to mainly utilize the piston ring 341 to withstand resistance. The high pressure ball valve 38 blocks the concept of pressure difference between the high temperature and high pressure reactor chamber and the external environment. The atmospheric pressure to high pressure piston feed design of the front end fiber raw material is invented. When utilized, the fibrous material may be selected from Rice Straw, Bagasse, Silvergrass, Napiergrass, Switchgrass, Corn stover, Wood (Wood ), bamboo (Bamboo) and algae (Algin) fiber raw materials, and the device is characterized in that the quantitative fiber material is forced into the pressurized high temperature and high pressure pretreatment reactor chamber by means of a piston, using the piston The ring 341 seals the mouth of the cylinder and blocks the reactor chamber from communicating with the outside to avoid the energy loss caused by the pressure leakage, thereby achieving the operation of the continuous pressure to the high pressure continuous feeding. Therefore, the present invention is a piston type feeding device capable of conveying a fiber raw material from a normal pressure to a high pressure reactor.

Please refer to FIG. 3A to FIG. 3F for a quantitative diagram of the feed according to the present invention, a schematic diagram of the pusher of the present invention, a schematic diagram of the press material of the present invention, a schematic diagram of the opening of the ball valve of the present invention, and the present invention. Schematic diagram of the ball valve closing and the pressure relief diagram of the present invention. As shown in the figure: In a preferred embodiment, the fiber raw material piston type differential pressure feeding device 100 of the present invention comprises at least the following steps:

(A) conveying a fiber raw material 4 into the feed hopper 1, and quantifying by using a resistance level gauge 11 to make the fiber raw material reach the highest level of volume, as shown in Fig. 3A, wherein the feed hopper 1 is inside The maximum level volume is twice the volume of the inner cavity of the vertical pressing mechanism 3;

(B) Using the horizontal pushing mechanism 2, the pneumatic cylinder 22 for pushing the pusher in the pusher sleeve 21 is engaged with the roller 23 and the check piece 24, and the pneumatic cylinder 22 pushes the pressure plate 25 forward in the direction of the feed passage 12 horizontally. The fiber raw material 4 in the feed hopper 1 is pushed forward, so that the fiber raw material 4 is quantitatively dropped into the feeding cavity 32 and the pressing cavity 35, as shown in FIG. 3B;

(C) Using the vertical squeezing mechanism 3, the press-in hydraulic cylinder 31 is actuated to press the fiber raw material 4 vertically downward until the piston press-in head 34 is lowered to its piston ring 341 to seal the squeezing cavity 35. At the mouth, as shown in Figure 3C;

(D) opening the high pressure resistant ball valve 38, and the piston pressing head 34 of the vertical pressing mechanism 3 again presses the fiber raw material 4 vertically downward to the port of the high pressure resistant ball valve 38, so that the fiber raw material 4 passes through the high pressure resistant ball valve 38 enters the high temperature and high pressure reactor 5 connected to the connecting plate 39, as shown in Fig. 3D;

(E) closing the high pressure ball valve 38 as shown in Fig. 3E;

(F) the piston pressing head 34 of the vertical pressing mechanism 3 is lifted up to its piston ring 341 to seal the opening of the pressing chamber 35, and the pressure relief valve 36 is opened to accumulate the pressure in the pressing chamber 35. Emissions, as shown in Figure 3F;

(G) the vertical pressing mechanism 3 and the horizontal pushing mechanism 2 are returned to the original position, wherein the hydraulic cylinder 31 is vertically upward, so that the vertical piston pressing head 34 returns to the highest position, and the pushing air pressure The cylinder 22 is horizontally retracted to return it to its original position, as shown in Figure 3A.

Repeatedly, the fiber raw material is subjected to the operation of the continuous pressure to high pressure continuous feeding through the fiber raw material piston type differential pressure feeding device 100 according to the above operation principle. Therefore, the invention can be applied to the domestic fiber alcohol demonstration test factory and the mass production plant prior processing procedure, which can ensure that the fiber raw materials in the high temperature and high pressure reactor can be uniformly heated, and can avoid pressure leakage to achieve continuous operation. The function, while reducing the energy loss caused by pressure leakage, can reduce the cost and thus enhance the competitiveness of fiber alcohol.

In summary, the present invention is a fiber material piston type differential pressure feeding device, which can effectively improve various disadvantages of the conventional use, and the quantitative fiber raw material is forced into the pressurized reactor chamber by a piston method, and is sealed by a piston ring. The pressure difference between the reactor chamber and the external environment is blocked at the port of the cylinder to avoid energy loss caused by pressure leakage, so as to achieve the operation of continuous pressure to high pressure continuous feeding, thereby effectively reducing the cost and improving the competitiveness of the fiber alcohol, thereby enabling The invention can be more advanced, more practical and more suitable for the user, and has indeed met the requirements of the invention patent application, and the patent application is filed according to law.

However, the above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto; therefore, the simple equivalent changes and modifications made in accordance with the scope of the present invention and the contents of the invention are modified. All should remain within the scope of the invention patent.

100. . . Fiber raw material piston type differential pressure feeding device

1. . . Feed hopper

11. . . Rotary level gauge

12. . . Feed channel

2. . . Horizontal pushing mechanism

twenty one. . . Pusher sleeve

twenty two. . . Pneumatic cylinder

twenty three. . . Wheel

twenty four. . . Stop film

25. . . Press plate

3. . . Vertical pressing mechanism

31. . . Hydraulic cylinder

311. . . Piston rod

32. . . Feed cavity

33. . . Access cover

34. . . Piston press head

341. . . Piston ring

35. . . Extrusion cavity

36. . . Pressure relief valve

37. . . Check valve

38. . . High pressure ball valve

39. . . Connection flap

4. . . Fiber raw material

5. . . High temperature and high pressure reactor

Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view showing the apparatus of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the horizontal pushing mechanism of the present invention.

Figure 3A is a schematic diagram of the feed quantification of the present invention.

Figure 3B is a schematic view of the pusher of the present invention.

Figure 3C is a schematic view of the press material of the present invention.

Fig. 3D is a schematic view showing the opening of the ball valve of the present invention.

Figure 3E is a schematic view of the ball valve closure of the present invention.

Figure 3F is a schematic view of the pressure relief of the present invention.

100. . . Fiber raw material piston type differential pressure feeding device

1. . . Feed hopper

11. . . Rotary level gauge

12. . . Feed channel

2. . . Horizontal pushing mechanism

twenty one. . . Pusher sleeve

twenty two. . . Pneumatic cylinder

3. . . Vertical pressing mechanism

31. . . Hydraulic cylinder

311. . . Piston rod

32. . . Feed cavity

33. . . Access cover

34. . . Piston press head

341. . . Piston ring

35. . . Extrusion cavity

36. . . Pressure relief valve

37. . . Check valve

38. . . High pressure ball valve

39. . . Connection flap

Claims (7)

The utility model relates to a fiber raw material piston type differential pressure feeding device, which is used for the operation of the quantitative fiber raw material in a piston manner from atmospheric pressure to high pressure continuous feeding, which comprises: a feeding hopper for supplying the fiber raw material feed, the feeding The hopper system comprises a rotary resistance level gauge disposed on the side and a feeding passage disposed below; a horizontal pushing mechanism is disposed on a side of the feeding passage below the feeding hopper for pouring The fiber material in the feed hopper is pushed toward the feed channel, and the horizontal pushing mechanism comprises a push sleeve, a first drive member disposed in the push sleeve, and a pusher disposed on the pusher a roller under the sleeve, a check piece disposed on the roller, and a pressure plate disposed in front of the push sleeve for driving the first driving member to move left and right; and a vertical pressing mechanism Provided on the other side of the feed channel below the feed hopper, perpendicularly docked with the horizontal pushing mechanism for pressing the fiber material from the push material, the vertical press mechanism comprising a second drive having a piston rod a member connected to the second driving member for the a feeding cavity for moving the plug rod up and down, an inspection cover plate disposed on a side of the feeding cavity, a piston pressing head provided on the piston rod and having a piston ring, and a feeding cavity a pressure relief valve that is connected to the piston press-in head of the piston rod and closely penetrates into the squeeze cavity, a pressure relief valve disposed on a side of the extrusion cavity, and a check valve disposed under the extrusion cavity a high pressure ball valve disposed under the check valve, and a connecting plate disposed under the high pressure ball valve; wherein the feed hopper is configured to receive various conveying and feeding devices, and the connecting plate The high temperature and high pressure reactor is connected below. The fiber raw material piston type differential pressure feeding device according to claim 1, wherein the fiber raw material is selected from the group consisting of Rice Straw, Bagasse, Silvergrass, and Pennisetum (Napiergrass). ), fiber raw materials such as Switchgrass, Corn stover, Wood, Bamboo, and Algin. The fiber material piston type differential pressure feeding device according to claim 1, wherein the first driving member is a pneumatic cylinder. The fiber material piston type differential pressure feeding device according to claim 1, wherein the second driving member is a hydraulic cylinder. The fiber material piston type differential pressure feeding device according to claim 1, wherein the maximum material volume in the feeding hopper is twice the volume of the inner cavity of the vertical materializing mechanism. A method for operating a fiber feedstock type differential pressure feed device according to claim 1, comprising at least the following steps: (A) conveying the fiber raw material into the feed hopper to a maximum fill volume; B) pushing the fiber material in the feed hopper forward by the horizontal pushing mechanism to quantitatively drop the fiber raw material into the cavity; (C) pressing the fiber raw material vertically downward to the piston by the vertical pressing mechanism Pressing the head down to its piston ring to seal the mouth of the pressing cavity; (D) opening the high pressure ball valve, and vertically pressing the fiber material to the high pressure ball valve port again; (E) Closing the high pressure ball valve; (F) the piston pressing head of the vertical pressing mechanism is lifted until the piston ring seals the mouth of the pressing cavity, and the pressure is released; and (G) the vertical pressing mechanism and the level The pushing mechanism returns to the original position. The method for operating a fiber feed piston type differential pressure feeding device according to claim 6, wherein the step (A) is the highest level volume in the feed hopper It is twice the volume of the inner cavity of the vertical pressing mechanism.