CN101462117A - Combined reinforced method for repairing cadmium polluted soil - Google Patents
Combined reinforced method for repairing cadmium polluted soil Download PDFInfo
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- CN101462117A CN101462117A CNA2007101590379A CN200710159037A CN101462117A CN 101462117 A CN101462117 A CN 101462117A CN A2007101590379 A CNA2007101590379 A CN A2007101590379A CN 200710159037 A CN200710159037 A CN 200710159037A CN 101462117 A CN101462117 A CN 101462117A
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- chelating agent
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Abstract
The invention relates to phytoremediation for heavy metal polluted soil, in particular to a method for utilizing combined reinforced measures to remedy cadmium-polluted soil. The method is to apply an ammonium fertilizer in the soil to be remedied, plant maidenhair, add a chelating agent into the soil when the maidenhair is grown to the flowering period or the maturation period, and completely remove the plants after the plants are grown for 10 to 15 days so as to achieve the aim of remedying the cadmium-polluted soil. The method not only can obviously relieve the harm of the chelating agent on the plants but also can obviously improve the reinforced remedying effect of the chelating agent by applying the acid fertilizer so as to accelerate the phytoremediation process of the cadmium-polluted soil. Moreover, the method has the advantages of low remediation cost, high remediation efficiency, strong maneuverability, small environmental risk and the like, and can beautify the environment when simultaneously treating the polluted soil.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the phytoremediation of heavy-metal contaminated soil, a kind of specifically method of utilizing combined reinforced measure cadmium pollution soil repair.
Background technology
Cadmium pollution in China's soil environment is mainly derived from waste water, waste gas and the waste residue of industrial and mining enterprises dischargings, and agricultural production activity such as sewage irrigation, mud be agricultural.Show according to the calendar year 2001 Ministry of Agriculture's investigation that 320 emphasis contaminated areas of 24 provinces and cities 5,480,000 ha farmlands, the whole nation are carried out, the pollutant area that exceeds standard accounts for 20% of farmland, the contaminated area gross area in the series products of contaminated area land for growing field crops, the whole nation, and Cd pollutes the agricultural product area that exceeds standard and reaches 27.86 ten thousand ha[documents 1: Chinese Academy of Social Sciences environment and development research center. Chinese environmental and development comment: the 1st volume [M]. and Beijing: Social Sciences Documents Press, 2001:32.].It is reported, it all is typical heavy metal Cd contaminated area that the Sha Chuan irrigated area in scholar irrigated area, Shanghai etc. is opened by mining area, Dayu, Jiangxi, Shenyang City, severe contamination area (the Cd content of producing grain surpass food hygienic standard several times even tens of times) accounts for [document 2: Xu Aichun more than 10%, Chen Yitai. the adjusting of cadmium pollution soil rhizospheric environment and phytoremediation progress. Chinese soil and fertilizer, 2007, (2), 1-6.].This shows that China's Cadmium Pollution in Soils not only area is big, and pollution level is heavier, serious threat has become an environmental problem of needing solution badly to the food and the ecological safety of China.
At present, the technology that can be used for the repairing heavy metal in soil pollution is a lot, but the cost inexpensive method is actually rare.The phytoremediation of Chu Xianing (phytoremediation) technology in recent years, as the green recovery technique of a kind of original position, have expense cheap, do not destroy environment, be easy to be advantages such as people are accepted, become the research and application focus of environmental science, and caused the great attention of academia, government and business circles.The research that ornamental plant is applied to contaminated soil reparation aspect is just risen, and it not only can be beautified the environment simultaneously administering pollution, kills two birds with one stone; And ornamental plant generally can not enter food chain, can reduce the harm to health.
Because target heavy metal activity is lower in a lot of soil to be repaired, and the most poor growth of the super enriching plant of having found, biomass is little, and the enriching plant that growth is rapid, biomass is big generally is difficult to absorb the heavy metal of enrichment high concentration, has brought a lot of difficulties to actual repair.Given this, people explore the chelate-enhanced technology of utilizing, and promptly add chelating agent and come heavy metal in the activating soil in soil, improve its biological effectiveness, promote the plant absorbing heavy metal, improve the efficient of phytoremediation.Present chelate-enhanced recovery technique has become one of maximum direction of phytoremediation area research, has obtained very big progress.Yet chelate-enhanced technology also exists many problems: (1) chelating agent and generally have stronger phytotoxicity with chelate that heavy metal forms, and the growth of severe inhibition plant reduces biological yield, influences repairing effect; (2) behind the chelating agent activation heavy metal, its chelate is difficult for degraded, can cause serious heavy metal diafiltration phenomenon, causes second environmental pollution such as surface water and underground water; (3) the most right and wrong of using at present of chelating agent are narrow spectrum, at the activation heavy metal leaching loss amount of some micronutrient elements increased, and cause soil fertility to descend; (4) the chelating agent price general charged is higher, and its a large amount of uses will inevitably increase the cost of phytoremediation.How both having guaranteed to strengthen the effect of reparation, and can reduce the murder by poisoning to plant again, and reduced rehabilitation cost, and alleviated environmental risk, is chelate-enhanced technology present stage urgent problem.
As a kind of physiological acidic fertilizer, ammonium fertilizer not only can promote plant absorbing by the heavy metal in the acidifying rhizospheric environment activating soil, can also promote the plant growth, improves its biological yield, therefore often is used to strengthen the heavy metal-polluted plants reparation.If ammonium fertilizer can be introduced in the chelate-enhanced technical system, improve the efficient of chelating agent activation heavy metal, promotion plant absorbing on the one hand by the acidization of nitrogenous fertilizer, alleviate the murder by poisoning of chelating agent by the production-increasing function of nitrogenous fertilizer on the other hand to plant, so just can be under the prerequisite that guarantees higher remediation efficiency, reduce amount of chelant, to reduce rehabilitation cost, alleviate environmental risk.Therefore the combined reinforced technology based on ammonium fertilizer and chelating agent is fully feasible.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of method of efficient, economic, safe combined reinforced cadmium pollution soil repair.
For achieving the above object, technology contents of the present invention is: apply ammonium fertilizer in soil to be repaired, plantation has the flowers maidenhair of very strong cadmium accumulation ability then, treating that maidenhair grows to bloomed or during the maturity period, in soil, add chelating agent, after regrowth 10-15 days plant integral body is removed, thereby reach the purpose of cadmium pollution soil repair, wherein the addition of chelating agent is 1.0-2.0mmol in every kilogram of soil, and the ammonium fertilizer amount of application is 0.94-1.88g in every kilogram of soil.Can use the phosphorus potash fertilizer of an amount of promotion plant growth according to fertility state in the soil simultaneously.
Described ammonium fertilizer is ammonium sulfate ((NH
4)
2SO
4), chelating agent is ethyleneglycol bistetraacetic acid (EGTA).Described plantation maidenhair is meant high 5-8cm or contains 4 maidenhair seedling transfers that launch true leaf in cadmium pollution soil.The maidenhair of planting in cadmium pollution soil is adopted outdoor planting, regularly waters, and makes soil moisture content remain on the 60-80% of field capacity.On cadmium pollution soil, adopt the mode of multiple cropping to plant maidenhair, promptly first batch long to blooming or during the maturity period, plant integral body being shifted out from contaminated soil, plant second batch again, the repetition said process, the cadmium content in soil reaches environmental safety standard.
The advantage that the present invention had:
(1) the present invention cooperates the fertilizer enhancements on the basis of chelate-enhanced reparation, has both guaranteed higher remediation efficiency, has reduced rehabilitation cost and environmental risk again;
(2) maidenhair selected for use of the present invention is strong to the patience and the accumulation ability of cadmium, and cultivation management is very easy to, and fast growth, has good ornamental value, in cadmium pollution soil repair, can play the effect of beautifying the environment, and has good benefits in environment;
(3) the present invention adopts the measure of plant home position strengthening cadmium pollution soil repair, compares with traditional contaminated soil improvement method, has that small investment, quantities are little, a specification requirement advantages of higher not.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 be among the embodiment 2 under different disposal to the detection figure of maidenhair the upperground part biomass.
Fig. 2 be among the embodiment 2 under different disposal to the detection figure of maidenhair overground part cadmium content.
Fig. 3 be among the embodiment 2 under different disposal to the schematic diagram of maidenhair overground part cadmium extracted amount and extraction efficiency.
The specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
Common ammonium fertilizer has ammonium sulfate, ammonium chloride etc., is used for combined reinforced reparation in order to select a kind of suitable nitrogenous fertilizer, carry out this experiment.The experiment place is in the solarium of Shenyang Inst. of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, and this place is at the center, Shenyang City, and experiment does not have pollution sources around the place, is the uncontaminated district of heavy metal.Pot experiment soil is to pick up from the cadmium pollution soil that the scholar irrigated area is opened by the Shenyang City, and soil types is a meadow burozem, and its basic physical and chemical is: pH value 5.89, the content of organic matter 1.75%, total Cd content 5.09mg/kg.
5 processing are established in this experiment altogether, are respectively: CK (contrast does not apply nitrogenous fertilizer); (NH
4)
2 SO
42 gradient: S1 (0.2g/kg N), S2 (0.4g/kg N); NH
42 gradient: Cl of Cl (0.2g/kg N), C2 (0.4g/kg N); Each is handled and repeats 3 times.0.05g/kg P and 0.063g/kgK (KH are used in all processing
2PO
4) as base fertilizer.After will crossing the 4mm sieve for examination soil is air-dry, admix nitrogenous fertilizer and base fertilizer with solid form, the plastic tub of fully packing into behind the mixing (
=20cm, H=15cm) in, every basin is adorned native 2.5kg, balance 1 month is stand-by.Carry out flower seedling raising simultaneously, soil, river sand, vermiculite are packed in the dish of cave according to the parts by weight ratio mixing of 7:2:1, program request maidenhair seed keeps ground moistening.After 20-30 days, height of seedling 5-8cm contains 4 true leaves, and the seedling of choosing the growing way unanimity moves into handles in the basin 2 in every basin.Pour into an amount of running water according to soil water regime in the basin every day, and soil moisture content is often remained on about the 60-80% of field capacity.
The plant growth was gathered in the crops plant after 45 days.To gather in the crops sample and be divided into root, stem, leaf 3 parts, and fully wash with removal with running water respectively and adhere to earth and dirt on the plant sample, and then use deionized water rinsing, the drop branch that anhydrates, complete 1 hour at 85 ℃; Under 65 ℃, dry then, pulverize standby after the weighing dry weight to weight.Plant sample adopts HNO
3-HClO
4Method digestion (the two volume ratio is 3:1) is with atomic absorption spectrophotometer Cd content wherein.
Experimental result is as follows: referring to table 1 as can be known, maidenhair is to the difference that reacts completely of two kinds of nitrogenous fertilizer.Use (NH
4)
2SO
4Significantly improved the upperground part biomass of maidenhair, its overground part cadmium content is raise slightly, but effect and not obvious, final two level (NH
4)
2SO
4Processing all significantly improved overground part cadmium extracted amount and the extraction efficiency of maidenhair, be respectively 2.06,2.35 times of contrast.And use NH
4Cl has very strong inhibitory action to the growth of maidenhair, under C2 handles, transplant repeatedly that maidenhair is all withered to die, finally do not have to gather in the crops plant, and C1 handles also significantly decline of the upperground part biomass, only be 41.3% of contrast, this may with ammonium chloride fertilizer in contain the chlorion of high concentration, and maidenhair is comparatively responsive relevant to chlorine.Though use NH
4Cl increases maidenhair overground part cadmium content, but because it suppresses the effect of growth, maidenhair overground part cadmium extracted amount and extraction efficiency all significantly are lower than contrast.The comprehensive relatively strengthening effect of these two kinds of nitrogenous fertilizer is selected (NH
4)
2SO
4Hardening agent as next step combined reinforced reparation.
In addition, as shown in Table 1, when cadmium content was 5.09mg/kg in soil, maidenhair overground part cadmium content was 14.98-20.69mg/kg, and concentration coefficient shows very strong cadmium accumulation ability much larger than 1, has bigger application potential aspect cadmium pollution soil repair.
Maidenhair overground part cadmium accumulation feature under table 1 different fertilization
Experiment place and confession try soil, plant is identical with embodiment 1.Establish 7 processing altogether, be respectively: CK (contrast does not apply nitrogenous fertilizer); (NH
4)
2 SO
42 gradient: N1 (0.2g/kg N), N2 (0.4g/kgN); 2 gradient: E1 of EGTA (1mmol/kg), E2 (2mmol/kg); Combined Treatment: N1+E1, N2+E1; Each is handled and repeats 3 times.
Chelating agent EGTA applies the time: treat that maidenhair transplants after 45 days, with near the EGTA of solution form respective concentration of the above-mentioned setting of the disposable interpolation root district of upper soll layer, handle and gather in the crops plant after 15 days that sample treatment is with embodiment 1.
Experimental result is as follows: Fig. 1 has provided the upperground part biomass of maidenhair under the different disposal.ANOVA showed significant is compared with contrast (CK), and nitrogenous fertilizer is handled N1, N2 and Combined Treatment N1+E1, the N2+E1 maidenhair the upperground part biomass (P＜0.05) that has been significantly increased, amplification be 1.65-1.80 doubly, just Combined Treatment is handled a little less than nitrogenous fertilizer.EGTA handles and then to have reduced maidenhair the upperground part biomass, particularly E2, makes the upperground part biomass significantly descend (P＜0.05).
Fig. 2 has provided the overground part Cd content of maidenhair under the different disposal.EGTA handles E1, E2 and Combined Treatment N1+E1, the N2+E1 maidenhair overground part Cd content (P＜0.05) that has been significantly increased, amplification be 2.39-2.87 doubly, and Combined Treatment is also handled a little more than EGTA.Nitrogenous fertilizer is handled N1, N2 only makes overground part Cd content slightly improve, and acts on not remarkable.
Fig. 3 has provided overground part Cd extracted amount and the extraction efficiency of maidenhair under the different disposal.Cd extracted amount and the extraction efficiency of Combined Treatment N1+E1, N2+E1 are the highest, are respectively 5.39,5.98 times of contrast, not only are significantly higher than E1 and handle, and also handle than E2 and improve 1.93-2.14 doubly; Cd extracted amount and extraction efficiency that EGTA handles are handled a little more than nitrogenous fertilizer, and the two comparison increases 2.26-2.80 doubly according to handling.
By above-mentioned experimental result as can be known, ammonium fertilizer (NH
4)
2SO
4Combined Treatment with chelating agent EGTA, not only can alleviate the murder by poisoning of chelating agent, significantly improve its upperground part biomass, can also improve the ability that chelating agent promotes plant absorbing plant, the extraction remediation efficiency of plant is significantly improved, handle apparently higher than the chelating agent of high dose.Therefore, the reinforcement reclamation activities based on ammonium fertilizer and chelating agent had both improved remediation efficiency, had reduced amount of chelant again, had reduced rehabilitation cost and environmental risk, had bigger using value.
Claims (6)
1. the method for a combined reinforced cadmium pollution soil repair, it is characterized in that: in soil to be repaired, apply ammonium fertilizer, plant maidenhair then, in soil, add chelating agent at last, thereby reach the purpose of cadmium pollution soil repair, described ammonium fertilizer is an ammonium sulfate, and chelating agent is an ethyleneglycol bistetraacetic acid.
2. by the method for the described combined reinforced cadmium pollution soil repair of claim 1, it is characterized in that: the described interpolation chelating agent time is: maidenhair grows to and blooms or the maturity period; After in soil, adding chelating agent, treat that the maidenhair growth after 10-15 days removes plant integral body.
3. by the method for the described combined reinforced cadmium pollution soil repair of claim 1, it is characterized in that: the addition of described chelating agent is 1.0-2.0mmol in every kilogram of soil, and the ammonium fertilizer amount of application is 0.94-1.88g in every kilogram of soil.
4. by the method for the described combined reinforced cadmium pollution soil repair of claim 1, it is characterized in that: described plantation maidenhair is meant high 5-8cm or contains 4 maidenhair seedling transfers that launch true leaf in cadmium pollution soil.
5. by the method for the described combined reinforced cadmium pollution soil repair of claim 1, it is characterized in that: the maidenhair of planting in cadmium pollution soil is adopted outdoor planting, regularly waters, and makes soil moisture content remain on the 60-80% of field capacity.
6. press the method for the described combined reinforced cadmium pollution soil repair of claim 1, it is characterized in that: on cadmium pollution soil, adopt the mode of multiple cropping to plant maidenhair, promptly at first batch long to blooming or during the maturity period, plant integral body is shifted out from contaminated soil, plant second batch again, repeat said process, the cadmium content in soil reaches environmental safety standard.
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|---|---|---|---|
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| CN101596544B (en) * | 2009-07-06 | 2011-02-02 | 天津师范大学 | Method for restoring Cu, Zn and Ni in domestic waste composts by Kochia scoparia |
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| CN101704016B (en) * | 2009-11-17 | 2012-01-18 | 上海市农业科学院 | Phytochemically combined remediation technology for soil contaminated by heavy metals, Mn, Pb, Cr and Zn |
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| CN101704016B (en) * | 2009-11-17 | 2012-01-18 | 上海市农业科学院 | Phytochemically combined remediation technology for soil contaminated by heavy metals, Mn, Pb, Cr and Zn |
| CN102553900A (en) * | 2010-12-29 | 2012-07-11 | 中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所 | Method for enhanced remediation of cadmium-benzo[a]pyrene composite contaminated soil by combining gibberellin and Tween 80 |
| CN102247979A (en) * | 2011-04-20 | 2011-11-23 | 中国科学院生态环境研究中心 | Technology for restoring polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) polluted site through solvothermal method |
| WO2014094396A1 (en) * | 2012-12-20 | 2014-06-26 | 南开大学 | Method for remediating soil polluted with cadmium-polychlorinated biphenyl compounds |
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| WO2015103810A1 (en) * | 2014-01-07 | 2015-07-16 | 南开大学 | Method for indicating cd-pcb polluted soil by using maidenhair flowers |
| CN103909091A (en) * | 2014-03-31 | 2014-07-09 | 中国有色桂林矿产地质研究院有限公司 | Repairing method for heavy metal polluted soil |
| CN104249076A (en) * | 2014-08-15 | 2014-12-31 | 常州大学 | Chemical-biological combination repair method for Cd-B [a] P compound contaminated soil |
| CN104718836A (en) * | 2015-03-18 | 2015-06-24 | 青岛农业大学 | Method for treating metal cadmium contaminated soil through cotton plants |
| CN105170618A (en) * | 2015-09-30 | 2015-12-23 | 河南行知专利服务有限公司 | Method for remediating heavy metal contaminated soil through cooperation of activating agents and plants |
| CN106583439A (en) * | 2016-11-22 | 2017-04-26 | 沃邦环保有限公司 | Combined remediation method for heavy metal contaminated soil |
| CN106903157A (en) * | 2017-03-02 | 2017-06-30 | 平顶山学院 | A kind of plant extract restorative procedure of the calcareous agricultural land soil of heavy metal cadmium |
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