CN101460839A - Rotary drill bits, methods of inspecting rotary drill bits, apparatuses and systems therefor - Google Patents
Rotary drill bits, methods of inspecting rotary drill bits, apparatuses and systems therefor Download PDFInfo
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- CN101460839A CN101460839A CNA2007800205387A CN200780020538A CN101460839A CN 101460839 A CN101460839 A CN 101460839A CN A2007800205387 A CNA2007800205387 A CN A2007800205387A CN 200780020538 A CN200780020538 A CN 200780020538A CN 101460839 A CN101460839 A CN 101460839A
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Abstract
A method for conducting nondestructive internal inspection of a rotary drill bit used for drilling subterranean formations comprises communicating ultrasonic waves into a drill bit and detecting ultrasonic waves that are reflected by at least a portion of the drill bit. In some embodiments, the waves may be directed into the drill bit from within a longitudinal bore thereof. Reflected waves also may be detected from within the bore. The methods may be used to develop threshold acceptance criteria for classifying drill bits as acceptable or unacceptable to prevent catastrophic failures of drill bits during use. Systems and apparatuses are disclosed for conducting nondestructive ultrasonic inspection of a drill bit used for drilling subterranean formations. The systems and apparatuses may comprise an ultrasonic probe configured for insertion within an internal longitudinal bore of a drill bit. Drill bits are disclosed that are configured to facilitate nondestructive ultrasonic inspection thereof.
Description
The right of priority protection
The application is protected in the rights and interests of the interim U.S. Patent Application Serial Number of submitting on April 17th, 2,006 60/792,445.
Technical field
Embodiments of the present invention relate generally to and are used to be rotated the non-destructive estimation of drill bit so that discern the wherein apparatus, system and method for inherent vice, wherein bur is used for holing on the stratum, also relates to being designed to conveniently it be carried out the bur of non-destructive estimation.More specifically, this non-destructive estimation can utilize ultrasound wave to carry out.
Background technology
The typical bur that is used for holing on the stratum comprises the frame of the bit that has surf zone on it, and this surf zone has and is used for the cutting structure that cuts on the earth stratum.Frame of the bit can be fixed to has the sclerosis steel pole handle that threaded pin connects, and wherein the threaded pin connection is used for drill bit is appended to the drill string that comprises tubular portion, and this tubular portion is coupled to the end end between drill bit and other boring apparatus.For example the equipment of turntable or top drive can be used for rotary drill column and drill bit.Alternatively, the bar handle driving shaft that can be directly coupled to the down-hole motor comes bur.
Generally speaking, if drill bit is a fixed cutting tool, the bur of perhaps so-called " drawing " type, then the cutting structure on the bit body comprises a plurality of cutting elements, described a plurality of cutting elements to small part is that the super abrasive material by for example polycrystalline diamond constitutes.Adopt the fixed cutting tool bur of this polycrystalline diamond composite sheet (PDC) cutting element to adopt decades.In general, the frame of the bit of bur is to be made of the steel or the steel member that are embedded in the matrix material (matrix material) that comprises hard microparticle material (for example tungsten carbide (WC)), and wherein this hard microparticle material is by the infiltration of the bond material of for example aldary.
Under the situation of steel body bit, frame of the bit is generally made intended shape from the starting material machining.Thereby Structural Characteristics can by utilize machine control, multi-axis machine machining tool processing frame of the bit limits on the exact position of frame of the bit.This Structural Characteristics for example can comprise radially and blade, cutting element cover, ridge, land, lip die cavity and the drilling fluid route and the passage of longitudinal extension, comprise so-called " junk slot ".Surface hardening is applied to the surf zone of frame of the bit and other critical area of drill bit usually, so that the corrosion that causes owing to drilling fluid in wearing and tearing that opposing owing to contact with the institute formations drilled causes and the drilling operation process.Cutting element is fixed in the cover that is machined in the blade usually, and wherein blade is positioned on the surf zone of frame of the bit.Sclerosis steel pole handle can be fixed to frame of the bit after frame of the bit is shaped.
On the other hand, occurring matrix type (Matrix-type) drill bit comprises that wherein hard microparticle material is by the infiltration of the bond material of for example aldary to the frame of the bit of small part by the hard microparticle material formation of for example tungsten carbide (WC).Matrix-type drill bit normally also utilizes the aldary infiltration tungsten carbide particle of fusing to form by the die material that utilizes the filling of particulate tungsten carbide to be made of graphite or stupalith.But, because matrix material usually is difficult to or can not machining, so but the part of the steel billet of machining generally before the matrix material infiltration, be placed in the mould.One sclerosis, infiltration just sticks together steel billet and matrix material, forms the frame of the bit that comprises steel billet and matrix material.Casting resin coating sand, graphite slippage or be inside and the external structure feature that tungsten carbide particle in the flexible polymer bond can be used to constitute frame of the bit in some cases.But the machining steel billet of matrix-type bit body part can be to be fixed to sclerosis steel pole handle with the front about the described same way as of steel body bit.
Fig. 1 has illustrated common conventional matrix-type drill bit 10 according to the above formation.Traditional matrix-type drill bit 10 comprises the frame of the bit 12 that is coupled to steel pole handle 14.Endoporus 16 vertically forms by the part of drill bit 10, is used for by extended to surface a plurality of passage (not shown) of 20 by endoporus 16 drilling fluid being sent to the surface 20 of drill bit 10 in the drilling operation process, has wherein generally placed nozzle.If adopt heat-staple PDC, then cutting element 22 and 24 (generally being adamas, the modal PDC of being) can adhere to bit face in the process of osmosis of frame of the bit, and wherein heat-staple PDC is commonly referred to thermally-stabilised product or TSP.Alternatively, has the surface 20 that can after utilization forms frame of the bit 12 as brazing, method bonding or mechanical fixation, be attached to frame of the bit 12 at the traditional non-thermally stable P DC cutting element 22 and 24 of the diamond table that forms in the WC substrate by substrate.
Frame of the bit 12 comprises preformed steel billet 26 and bit body matrix 28.Bit body matrix 28 can comprise the tungsten carbide particle that is sticked together by aldary.Steel billet 26 can have usually cylindrical or tubulose or quite complicated shape, for example comprises the structural reinforcing feature of the blade that forms in bit face.
In the process that frame of the bit 12 forms, the high temperature mold that steel billet 26 can be placed to partly at the frame of the bit 12 that is used for casting extends.In a single day the aldary bond material that is used to permeate tungsten carbide particle solidifies, and steel billet 26 just is fixed to bit body matrix 28.Then, steel billet 26 exposed upper can machining and by threaded connection 30 and by formation between Assembly rail handle 14 and steel billet 26 continuous, around or " centering on " weld seam 32 be fixed to bar handle 14.Bar handle 14 can comprise the taper thread 34 that forms the pin connection at an upper portion thereof, is used for matrix-type drill bit 10 is connected to drill string (string of drill pipe) (not shown).
After making drill bit, general use it to carry out continuous drilling operation several times, in this process frame of the bit to stand because institute's the pressure of the drill that applies (WOB), the moment of torsion that is used for bur that is applied and with drill bit on it the cutting element that carries contact extreme load and the stress that related impulsive force causes with the pit shaft front with the stratum that centers on pit shaft.These stress can produce a defective or a plurality of defective in drill bit, and cause change existing, latent defect big.If the feature of defective and size reach critical point in the drill bit, then drill bit may lose efficacy calamitously.This feature can comprise the number of defective in type, size, position and the orientation of individual defect and the drill bit.Therefore, provide and to be used for making the back and to check drill bit so that identification drill bit defective characterizes the method for those defect types, size, position, orientation and number will be favourable on non-destructive ground during continuous drilling operation at drill bit.
Summary of the invention
The present invention relates generally in its various embodiments the bur that is used for holing on the stratum is carried out non-destructive estimation so that discern the wherein apparatus, system and method for defective, also relates to being designed to conveniently it be carried out the bur of the non-destructive estimation of for example ultrasonic inspection.
In some embodiments, the present invention includes the method that is used for the drill bit of the earth boring is carried out nondestructive inspection.This method comprises the ultrasound wave that ultrasound wave is sent in the drill bit and detects by at least a portion reflection of drill bit.In some embodiments, ultrasound wave can be sent in the drill bit from vertical endoporus of drill bit.The ultrasound wave that is reflected can detect from vertical endoporus the inside of drill bit alternatively.This method can be used for confirming the existence of the one or more defectives of drill bit or not exist, and can comprise alternatively and utilize ultrasound wave to generate expression to drill bit at least a portion.The ultrasonic probe that is used to carry out the inventive method can be configured to single emitter/receiver combination, perhaps is configured to the phased array (phased array) of emitter/receiver, and these two kinds of configurations all are known.
In additional embodiment, the present invention includes and be used for the system of ultrasonic inspection the drill bit of the earth boring.This system comprises at least one ultrasonic probe, vertical sonde detent mechanism, rotating detector detent mechanism and computer equipment, and this computer equipment can be used for controlling from pop one's head in emission ultrasonic energy and reception from the data of the representative reflection supersonic wave of ultrasonic probe or at least one of signal.Ultrasonic probe comprises at least one ultrasonic transducer, and can be configured to be inserted in vertical endoporus of drill bit.
In other embodiments, the present invention includes the apparatus for ultrasonic examination that is used for checking the drill bit of holing on the stratum.This device comprises ultrasonic probe, is used to support the ultrasonic probe supporting construction of ultrasonic probe, vertical sonde detent mechanism and rotating detector detent mechanism.The part of ultrasonic probe supporting construction can be configured to be inserted in vertical endoporus of drill bit, and ultrasonic probe can be coupled to the part of supporting construction and it can be configured to be inserted in vertical endoporus of drill bit itself.
Further embodiment of the present invention comprises and is used for the matrix-type drill bit of holing on the stratum that this drill bit comprises the frame of the bit of definition vertical endoporus wherein.By a plurality of material interfaces between the drill bit zone of for example reducing drill bit outside surface and ultrasonic inspection, frame of the bit can be configured to make things convenient for the ultrasonic inspection of frame of the bit.In some embodiments, drill bit can comprise the bit body matrix that is coupled to steel billet.Bit body matrix can be along interface in the chamfered region and steel billet adjacency, and this chamfered region can have an angle with the longitudinal axis of endoporus.Steel billet can be configured to define at least a portion of vertical inner hole wall, also is configured at the continuous path that vertically provides between endoporus and the chamfered region by steel billet.
Further embodiment of the present invention comprises and is used for the bur of holing on the stratum that this drill bit comprises bar handle and frame of the bit.Frame of the bit defines vertical endoporus, and is circumscribed by inside surface and this endoporus with the docking station (landing pad) that forms therein, and wherein docking station is disposed for conveniently vertically can repeatedly locating ultrasonic probe basically in the endoporus.
Consider in conjunction with the drawings the following specifically describes, feature of the present invention, advantage and optional aspect are to it will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art that.
Description of drawings
Although as conclusion, this claim particularly points out and explicitly call for protection as content of the present invention to this instructions, reads the following description of the present invention in conjunction with the drawings with claim, advantage of the present invention can more easily determine, wherein:
Fig. 1 is the sectional view of conventional matrix-type drill bit;
Fig. 2 is according to embodiment of the present invention and can be used to carry out the partial cross section synoptic diagram of the system of drill bit non-destructive ultrasound wave assessment;
Fig. 3 is the stereographic map according to the embodiment of ultrasonic probe of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the stereographic map according to another embodiment of ultrasonic probe of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is according to embodiment of the present invention and can be used to carry out the stereographic map of the device of drill bit non-destructive ultrasound wave assessment;
Fig. 6 is according to embodiment of the present invention and is configured to make things convenient for the sectional view of the matrix-type drill bit of its non-destructive ultrasound wave assessment; And
Fig. 7 is according to the present invention and is configured to make things convenient for the sectional view of another embodiment of the matrix-type drill bit of its non-destructive ultrasound wave assessment.
Embodiment
Present invention relates in general to be used for the bur of holing on the stratum is carried out non-destructive estimation so that discern the wherein apparatus, system and method for defective, also relate to being designed to make things convenient for it is carried out the bur of the non-destructive estimation of for example ultrasonic inspection.
In this given explanation and do not mean that the actual view of any specific device, system or the method that are used to be rotated the drill bit non-destructive estimation, and be only used for describing idealized expression of the present invention.In addition, components identical can keep identical label with feature in the drawings and embodiments.
According to the present invention, multiple systems and method can be used for making the back at drill bit and reach ultrasound wave, non-destructive estimation or the inspection of carrying out drill bit between the continuous drilling operation that adopts this drill bit for the first time before drilling operation uses.Fig. 2 has illustrated according to the present invention and can be used to carry out the non-limitative example of the ultrasonic inspection system 50 of the non-destructive of drilling equipment, ultrasound wave assessment, for example conventional matrix-type drill bit shown in Fig. 1 10.As following pointed, although the invention is not restricted to check the drill bit or the drill bit itself of occurring matrix type, ultrasonic inspection system 50 shown in Figure 2 is configured to check the drill bit 10 of occurring matrix type.The drill bit 10 of occurring matrix type is shown the defective 40 that comprises so-called chamfered region 36 approaching between steel billet 26 and the bit body matrix 28 in Fig. 2.The defective that the present inventor has observed in the conventional matrix-type drill bit of drill bit 10 for example may form these approaching chamfered regions 36.Certainly, defective also can be in any zone of drill bit or is wherein unrestrictedly formed or development.For example, cavity and crack can occur in steel billet 26 in bit body matrix 28 and fully fully.
Also consider, replace the longitudinal extension part of the use cantilever support member 64 of turntable 52 can comprise the parts that partly separate with its horizontal expansion, and rotatable this lateral part free end or the terminal longitudinal extension part of being installed to.Therefore, ultrasonic probe 56 can vertically rotate in the endoporus 16, rather than drill bit 10 is rotated.Sensor can be used to monitor the position of rotation of ultrasonic sensor, if expectation, cantilever support member 64 vertically and between the lateral part or the coupling between ultrasonic probe 56 and cantilever support member 64 longitudinal components can comprise for example structure of sliding ring type contact (slip ring contact), to allow ultrasonic probe 56 by greater than the rotation of 360 ° of arcs or realize that a plurality of whole circles rotate.
In additional embodiment, ultrasonic probe 56 can operation manually under the situation of the equipment that do not use a computer, and the simulating signal that generates thus can analyze (equipment does not use a computer) intuitively, carries out the ultrasonic inspection of drill bit 10.
As required, between computer equipment and ultrasonic probe 56, can provide the cable (not shown), so that send electric signal betwixt.Cable can be coupled to the horizontal expansion part and the longitudinal extension part of cantilever support member 64.If cantilever support member 64 is a hollow, then cable can extend to ultrasonic probe 56 in movable member 64.
As noted earlier, turntable 52 can comprise and is used for the sensor or the miscellaneous equipment of indicating the relatively rotation place of turntable 54 (indicating drill bit placed on it 10 thus) at any given time or being used to indicate the relatively rotation place of ultrasonic probe 56 under the situation that does not adopt turntable 54.Similarly, and be noted before, vertical location device 66 can comprise sensor or the miscellaneous equipment that is used for indicating cantilever support member 64 at any given time and correspondingly also has the lengthwise position of ultrasonic probe 56.These sensors can be connected to computer equipment, and vertical and circumferential position about it, the output that obtains thus (signal) are used for determining that ultrasonic probe 56 is associated with the given area with respect to the position of drill bit 10 and the ultrasound data that is used for obtaining at any given time.This data also can be used for generating the three dimensional representation of drill bit as follows 10 inside, perhaps present for example along bidimensional (X-Y axle) cross section of drill bit 10 any selected diameters by it.
Can recognize, hope makes rotation and lengthwise position sensor by feedback is provided, for example rotate and linear encoder, use with ultrasonic probe 56, so that the rotation of ultrasonic probe 56 is accurately related with the signal that is produced by ultrasonic probe 56 with lengthwise position, wherein the signal that is produced by ultrasonic probe 56 is corresponding to the ultrasound wave that is afterwards received by ultrasonic probe in reflection from the frame of the bit of drill bit 10.Therefore, can be used to present the three dimensional representation of above-mentioned drill bit 10 inside with the position signalling of ultrasonic probe 56 signal associations or by its bidimensional cross section, so that the inherent vice in the identification drill bit 10.
In order to utilize ultrasonic inspection system shown in Figure 2 50 to carry out the ultrasonic inspection of drill bit 10, cantilever support member 64 and ultrasonic probe 56 can utilize vertical location device 66 to be moved upwards up to allow drill bit 10 to be placed into position on the turntable 52.Drill bit 10 can utilize drill bit structure 54 to be placed on the turntable 52, makes the longitudinal axis L of endoporus 16
16Basically consistent with the turning axle of turntable 52.Then, cantilever support member 64 and ultrasonic probe 56 can utilize vertical location device 66 to move to ultrasonic probe 56 to be arranged in drill bit 10 endoporus 16 select location places.For example the ultrasound wave couplant 68 of water or other suitable fluid or gelinite can provide in the endoporus 16 of drill bit 10, so that with the ultrasonic probe 56 ultrasonic drill bits 10 that are coupled to.Because the drilling fluid route generally is provided as in drill bit 10 from endoporus 16 and extends to its surface 20, therefore drill bit 10 can be dipped in the tank (not shown) that turntable 52 carried, to prevent that ultrasound wave couplant 68 leaks in the ultrasound wave evaluation process of drill bit 10 from endoporus 16.Alternatively, utilizing before ultrasound wave couplant 68 fills endoporus 16, drilling fluid route opening for example can utilize elastic plug to block at drill bit 10 near surfaces.In the time of on drill bit 10 is positioned at drill bit structure 54, drill bit structure 54 can also be configured to the stifled opening that is communicated with between endoporus 16 and drill bit 10 outsides of going up.This drill bit structure 54 can be disposed for the particular design and size of drill bit, and comprise that for example one deck is configured to cover drill bit 10 surperficial split sheds or comprises the resilient material of giving prominence to Structural Characteristics, should outstanding Structural Characteristics can form or cover by resilient material, so that be contained in the opening near the stayed surface of drill bit structure 54 the drill bit 10 and the opening in the stifled upward drill bit 10 with resilient material.
In additional embodiment, at least a portion of bur 10 can be dipped in the ultrasound wave couplant, perhaps the ultrasound wave couplant of example gel body can be applied directly to ultrasonic probe 56 or be applied to the surface of drill bit 10 in the endoporus 16, to make things convenient for its ultrasonic inspection.
Then, ultrasound wave 59 can and transmit or guide at least one zone of drill bit 10 by ultrasonic probe 56 emissions or pulsation.These ultrasound waves 59 can be by structure in the drill bit 10 that comprises any defective or feature reflection.The ultrasound wave of these reflections can utilize ultrasonic probe 56 to detect and convert electric signal to by ultrasonic probe 56.Combine with the rotation and the longitudinal position data of the ultrasonic probe 56 of each reflection supersonic wave data set, reside in the electric signal that generates by ultrasonic probe 56 or by its data carried by data can utilize that computer equipment receives, storage, analyze, diagram, mapping or operation otherwise.If there is at least one defective in the drill bit 10, exemplary deficiencies 40 in the drill bit 10 for example shown in Figure 2, then can distort or inconsistent mode, reflect or cause that the hyperacoustic refraction of at least a portion or both have concurrently to compare with the situation of known boundaries surface between homogeneous region or the zone and border surface configuration in the drill bit.By this way, the existence of at least one defective 40 or do not exist can be by the data indication that utilizes ultrasonic probe 56 to obtain in the drill bit 10.
Will be appreciated that hyperacoustic refraction, reflection or refraction and the combination of reflecting can occur on the interface between the material with different physical attributes.For example, hyperacoustic refraction, reflection or refraction and the combination of reflecting can occur in reaching at the interface between bit body matrix 28 and the steel billet 26 at the interface between ultrasound wave couplant 68 and the bit body matrix 28.According to hyperacoustic reflection of above-mentioned distortion mode or refraction or crooked can carrying out to above the ultrasonic transducer present position 56 or the detection of following lengthwise position place defective.If every kind of material of drill bit (for example, steel billet, one or more matrix materials, welding material) between hyperacoustic speed and the different materials interface be known about the hyperacoustic angle of incident, then can consider and use the Snell law to determine the path of ultrasound wave 59.Therefore, by will be during drill bit 10 be checked amplitude, angle and the pattern that is produced (pattern) and the drill bit of detected reflection supersonic wave give the idealized model of sizing and design or from identical size and design and knownly do not have the real data of another drill bit of defective to compare, comprise drill bit 10 each zones and therebetween three dimensional computer modelings of the given drill bit 10 of boundary position can be used in combination type, size, position, orientation and number with the ultrasound wave of refraction and reflection with definite any defective.In other words, inspection technology of the present invention can be the most advantageously with material, size and the parts of specific bit design, frame of the bit parts between the interface be used in combination.
Will be appreciated that the ultrasonic inspection of bur 10 can utilize compressional wave, cut ripple or the two execution according to the present invention.As known in the art, compressional wave generally is used for normal incidence inspection technology, generally is used for oblique incidence inspection technology and cut ripple.Cutting the use of ripple or compressional wave can be stipulated by the angle of chamfer between the material of steel billet and matrix material or frame of the bit.
Computer equipment can be used to the rotation orientation of the lengthwise position utilizing the sensor of corresponding association and write down ultrasonic probe 56 and turntable 52.Turntable 52 can rotate selectively, as rotates selected increment (for example, 1 °), and ultrasound wave can be sent in another inner section of drill bit 10 once more, and can detect the ultrasound wave of reflection.Needs or expectation according to checking drill bit 10 selection areas or volume can repeat this process.For example, this process can be carried out always, up to finish 360 ° of complete substantially ultrasonic scannings of drill bit 10 in first lengthwise position of ultrasonic probe 56.Then, ultrasonic probe 56 can vertically (for example vertically move selected increment with respect to drill bit 10 in the endoporus 16 selectively, centimetre 0.102 (0.040 inch)), and can realize drill bit 10 another 360 ° of complete substantially ultrasonic scannings in new lengthwise position.This process can repeat always, has all carried out ultrasonic inspection up to the desired region or the volume of drill bit 10.Alternatively, turntable 52 can rotate selectively, and ultrasonic probe 56 vertically moves selectively simultaneously, so that also obtain data simultaneously for ultrasonic probe 56 provides helical scan path.In this case, the end that may be desirably in cantilever support member 64 is placed the ultrasonic probe 56 with a plurality of transducers, for example equate that two of the circle spacing or four transducers (are respectively 180 ° or 90 °, See Figure 4), so that when fast moving cantilever support member more is by vertical endoporus 16, obtain enough data or needing to avoid bur 10.In addition, also may expect to utilize and coordinate the driving mechanism that vertically moves that its computer equipment that moves is controlled turntable 52 and cantilever support member 64, to guarantee not omit its any important area ground complete scan drill bit 10.
Ultrasound data in more than 56 lengthwise position of ultrasonic probe and more than 52 position of rotation acquisition of turntable can merge analysis by computer set, and the virtual three-dimensional that generates drill bit 10 at least a portion is represented.The data of drill bit 10 and virtual three-dimensional are represented to be used for identification and are characterized drill bit 10 existing any one or a plurality of defective.By this way, ultrasonic inspection system 50 can be used for discerning the defective of drill bit, characterize type, size, position, orientation and the number of those defectives, when the feature of those defectives reaches critical point, make drill bit quit work, and prevent the catastrophic failure of drill bit in the drilling operation process thus.
Should be understood that, the accurate identification of type, size, position, orientation and the number of defective improves by using reference calibrations feature or standard in the given drill bit 10, wherein this reference calibrations feature or standard can make each drill bit 10 intrinsic, to make things convenient for its inspection.This reference calibrations feature can comprise long, 0.003 to 0.013 centimetre of (0.0010 to 0.0050 inch) the dark circumferential recess of 0.64 centimetre (0.25 inch) of for example machining in steel billet 26 inside surfaces.Followingly be particularly suitable for providing this reference calibrations feature about the disclosed drill bit design of Fig. 6, wherein the inside surface of steel billet 26 has defined the inside surface of vertical endoporus 16, in the time of when pass the surface that ultrasound wave couplant 68 incides depression from 56 ultrasonic waves transmitted of popping one's head on, ultrasound wave reflects from the face of ultrasonic probe 56 and the known accurate distance between the sunk surface, and this can be used for when beginning or the checked operation process is calibrated ultrasonic probe at set intervals.In addition, this calibration surface can be positioned at other place on the steel billet 26, and for example therefore the interface surface between steel billet 26 and the matrix material can calibrate the hyperacoustic passage that for example passes through the known thickness steel.In addition, a plurality of reference calibrations features can be on drill bit or wherein each known depth and position provide.When checking the defective of drill bit as previously mentioned, this configuration can make things convenient for real time calibration.In other words, when drill bit during, can utilize in a series of alignment features each periodically to carry out calibration by ultrasonic scanning.This alignment features can be designed to the performance of not negative effect drill bit.In additional embodiment, under the situation that has ultrasound wave couplant 68, the portable reference standard can be fixed in the reflection and receiving surface of ultrasonic probe 56, so that known reflection standoff distance to be provided, and to pop one's head in and 56 moves calibration mode before in being inserted into vertical endoporus 16.Under any circumstance, the amplitude of the response of relative known standard may be used to weigh the size and the structure of the defective of determining the position.
As noted above, ultrasonic probe is well known in the art and can commercially obtains with the software that is used for operating the ultrasonic probe ultrasonic transducer and be used to analyze and illustrate by the collected data of probe.Fig. 3 is the view of apparatus of ultrasonic probe 56 shown in Figure 2.Ultrasonic probe 56 is work rectangle and that comprise the phased array that can comprise the ultrasonic transducer (not shown) (active) surfaces 57.Optional ultrasonic probe 58 is shown cylindrical in Fig. 4 and is used in the ultrasonic inspection system 50 shown in Figure 2.Ultrasonic probe 58 can comprise a plurality of working surfaces 59 about ultrasonic probe 58 circumference.Each working surface 59 of ultrasonic probe 58 can comprise the phased array of ultrasonic transducer (not shown).In this configuration, corresponding to given lengthwise position in the endoporus 16 of drill bit 10, ultrasonic probe 58 can be configured to drill bit 10 is carried out complete substantially 360 ° ultrasonic scanning, and need be with respect to ultrasonic probe 56 burs 10.
Owing to be used to construct for example complicacy of the manufacture process of the conventional matrix-type drill bit of drill bit 10, the longitudinal axis L of endoporus 16
16Can not be accurately consistent with the longitudinal axis of drill bit 10.In other words, endoporus 16 can not accurately be arranged in the center of drill bit 10 or accurate directed at drill bit 10.If the longitudinal axis L of endoporus 16
16Not consistent with the longitudinal axis of drill bit 10, then ultrasonic probe 56 can be about the longitudinal axis L of endoporus 16
16The location.When drill bit 10 during about ultrasonic probe 56 rotation, this can conveniently provide selected standoff distance between the inside surface of the surface of ultrasonic probe 56 and drill bit 10.As what indicated by the data that obtained from ultrasonic probe 56, this can be convenient to correctly determine any defective locations in the drill bit 10.Because of this reason, the drill bit structure 54 that can be provided in front reference is herein aimed at the longitudinal axis L of the endoporus 16 of drill bit 10 at least in part
16Turning axle with turntable 52.
Fig. 5 has illustrated the portable exemplary ultrasonic testing fixture 70 according to embodiment of the present invention, and this device can be used for carrying out non-destructive, the ultrasonic inspection to for example drilling equipment of conventional matrix-type drill bit 10 shown in Figure 1.Apparatus for ultrasonic examination 70 can comprise the bottom 72 of the endoporus 16 that is configured to be arranged in drill bit 10.Bottom 72 can comprise ultrasonic probe 56, and this probe can be down between elasticity o ring 74 and the last elasticity o ring 76.In use, following elasticity o ring 74 and last elasticity o ring 76 can engage with the inside surface of drill bit 10 in the endoporus 16 hermetically.Can provide disc-shaped collar (collar) 78, the surface of 72 handles of engaging lever when being arranged in the endoporus 16 of drill bit 10 14 in the bottom.Disc-shaped collar 78 can be configured to apparatus for ultrasonic examination 70 grapplings and place the center of drill bit 10.For example, disc-shaped collar 78 can be included in the taper thread on its inside surface (not shown), is used for disc-shaped collar 78 is connected to the taper thread 34 of bar handle 14 shown in Figure 1.
Apparatus for ultrasonic examination 70 can comprise and being used for selectively at the vertical location device 80 that vertically moves bottom 72 and ultrasonic probe 56 about drill bit 10.Vertical location device 80 can comprise and is used for discerning at any given time the sensor 82 of ultrasonic probe 56 about the lengthwise position of drill bit 10.Apparatus for ultrasonic examination 70 can also comprise the rotary positioning mechanism 86 that is used for rotating about drill bit 10 selectively bottoms 72 and ultrasonic probe 56.Rotary positioning mechanism 86 can comprise and is used for discerning at any given time the sensor 88 of ultrasonic probe 56 about the position of rotation of drill bit 10.Vertical location device 80 and rotary positioning mechanism 86 can comprise electromechanical equipment, plant equipment, pneumatic equipment or hydraulically operated equipment (HOE), these equipment are used for vertically moving ultrasonic probe 56 about drill bit 10 selectively, also are used for selectively about drill bit 10 rotary ultrasonic ripples probe 56.For example, each in vertical location device 80 and the rotary positioning mechanism 86 can comprise be used for adjusting ultrasonic probe 56 the endoporus 16 of drill bit 10 vertically and the motor of position of rotation.Motor can be controlled by computer equipment, comes the inspection of further robotization drill bit.Alternatively, vertical location device 80 and rotary positioning mechanism 86 can be manual.
The computer equipment (not shown) can be being used from control ultrasonic probe 56 with the same way as of before being discussed about ultrasonic inspection system 50 shown in Figure 2 with apparatus for ultrasonic examination 70 1, and be used to receive, store, analyze, illustrate or otherwise operate by ultrasonic probe 56 and respond the data that ultrasound wave generated.Cable or electric wire can provide between computer equipment and ultrasonic probe 56, are used for transmitting betwixt electric signal.Cable can extend to ultrasonic probe 56 by opening 90 and longitudinal strut 92.
Apparatus for ultrasonic examination 70 can be to be used to carry out ultrasonic inspection to drill bit 10 with the same way as of before being discussed about ultrasonic inspection system 50 shown in Figure 2.Especially, the bottom 72 of apparatus for ultrasonic examination 70 can be arranged in vertical endoporus 16 of drill bit 10, makes disc-shaped collar 78 engage with the bar handle 14 of drill bit 10.Bottom 72 can utilize vertical location device 80 to move longitudinally to select location about drill bit 10.For example the ultrasound wave couplant of water can be provided to following elasticity o ring 74 in the endoporus 16 of drill bit 10 and last elasticity o by opening 90 and encircle zone between 76.
Then, ultrasound wave can or be pulsed from ultrasonic probe 56 emissions, and is sent to or guides in the drill bit 10.The ultrasound wave of reflection can utilize ultrasonic probe 56 to detect.The electric signal that is generated by ultrasonic probe 56 can be received and record by computer equipment.Computer equipment can also detect and write down the angle of the indicated ultrasonic probe 56 of the rotation orientation of lengthwise position, ultrasonic probe 56 of ultrasonic probe 56 and respective sensor about drill bit 10.This information can be used for the ultrasound data that will be obtained and the certain location or the zone association of drill bit 10.
As front in this article discussing, hyperacoustic refraction that is generated by ultrasonic probe 56 and reflection can occur in reaching at the interface between bit body matrix 28 and the steel billet 26 at the interface between (for example) ultrasound wave couplant 68 and the bit body matrix 28.Hyperacoustic refraction or the crooked position of accurately determining any detected defective in the drill bit 10 that may make become complicated.In another aspect of this invention, drill bit can be designed to minimize the interface number that defective might take place between ultrasonic probe and the chamfered region 36, so that reduce refraction and volume reflection that occurs at the interface and the precision that further improves described inspection technology herein.
For example, shown in Figure 6 according to the matrix-type drill bit 100 of embodiment of the present invention.Drill bit 100 is similar to drill bit shown in Figure 1 10 and comprises frame of the bit 102 and bar handle 14.The endoporus 16 of longitudinal extension is set to by drill bit 100.Frame of the bit 102 also comprises steel billet 104 and bit body matrix 106.But opposite with drill bit 10 shown in Figure 1, the steel billet 104 of drill bit 100 shown in Figure 6 extends radially inwardly in frame of the bit 102 zones inwall near the endoporus 16 of the chamfered region 36 that defective may take place.More illustrated as by with the conventional matrix-type drill bit of drill bit 10 for example shown in Figure 1, in this configuration of drill bit 100, remove at interface between bit body matrix 106 and the steel billet 104, thereby the continuous path that passes through steel billet 104 between vertical endoporus 16 and the chamfered region 36 is provided.Therefore, the overall refraction or the bending of ultrasound wave 59 can reduce, and can promote to be used for accurately determining the defective locations of frame of the bit 102 and the ability of orientation.
According to the system and the device of embodiment of the present invention, for example ultrasonic inspection system 50 and apparatus for ultrasonic examination 70 can be used on cycle preset time monitoring that the existence, development of at least one defective of drill bit or the two have concurrently.For example, the continuous assessment of drill bit can be carried out behind each drilling operation and can be compared to each other.In order to ensure can comparing the continuously result of assessment of drill bit equitably, may be expectation relatively with ultrasonic probe resetting ability of same general position in the drill bit endoporus.For ultrasonic probe can be reorientated in drill bit relatively accurately, other fixed reference feature or position that the inside of drill bit can be configured to provide docking station (landing pad) or be used for transducer.Ultrasonic probe basic location of repeating in the endoporus of drill bit when docking station can allow will check drill bit at every turn.
According to embodiment of the present invention and comprise that the matrix-type drill bit 110 of the docking station that is used for ultrasonic transducer is shown in Figure 7.Drill bit 110 and drill bit shown in Figure 6 100 are similar, and comprise frame of the bit 112 and upper boom handle 14 down.The endoporus 16 of longitudinal extension is set to by drill bit 110.Frame of the bit 112 comprises steel billet 114 and bit body matrix 116.But opposite with drill bit 100 shown in Figure 6, the steel billet 114 of drill bit 110 shown in Figure 7 comprises the docking station cavity 120 that is used for ultrasonic probe.Docking station cavity 120 can be configured in drill bit endoporus 16 circumferential notch (circumferential notch) that the inside surface at steel billet 114 forms.Docking station cavity 120 can comprise the upper surface 122 of truncated cone, taper and flange or the docking station surface 124 that is orientated perpendicular to endoporus 116.Be used for checking that the ultrasonic probe (not shown) of drill bit 110 can comprise the spring member that is configured to engage drill bit 10 inside surfaces when ultrasonic probe is inserted into endoporus 16.When ultrasonic probe vertically advanced in the endoporus 16, spring member can engage the circumferential notch of docking station cavity 120 and can nestle up flange or docking station surface 124.Flange or docking station surface 124 can prevent that ultrasonic probe from further vertically advancing in the endoporus 16 of drill bit.The cone-shaped upper surface 122 of docking station cavity 120 can allow spring member to skid off the circumferential notch of docking station cavity 120 and allow ultrasonic probe to recall from the endoporus 16 of drill bit 10 thus.When in this configuration, docking station cavity 120 allows to check drill bit 10 at every turn ultrasonic probe is accurately navigated to essentially identical position in the drill bit 10.This configuration provides and has made it possible to at least twice different reference positions of checking that the data that obtained rationally compare.
In the drilling operation process, fluid is compelled to pass through with high pressure and speed the endoporus 16 of drill bit 110, arrives its surface, and this can cause the wearing and tearing and the corrosion of drill bit 110 inside surfaces in the endoporus 16.Because steel billet 114 is in general than bit body matrix 116 more easy to wear and corrosion; therefore; in the drilling operation process; anticorrosive and lost material or the detachable protective lining 130 of other tubulose anticorrosive and that lost material forms as known in the art by for example tungsten carbide, silit can provide in endoporus 16, so that suppress the deterioration of steel billet 114 and docking station 120.Alternatively, the detachable protective tubular liner can be formed by the material that is similar to bit body matrix 116, and can determine that its size and shape are to protect the inside surface of steel billet 104.In the time will carrying out ultrasonic inspection to frame of the bit 102, detachable protective tubular liner 130 can be removed from drill bit 100, and reapposes before follow-up drilling operation begins.Detachable protective tubular liner 130 can be by brazing, bonding or mechanical fixation (for example; in the time will carrying out ultrasonic inspection to drill bit; by flexible member and docking station radial engagement, remove protectiveness pipe 130 from drill bit 110 so that allow) removably append to drill bit 110.
For example the detachable protectiveness lining of detachable protectiveness tubular liner 130 can also be used in combination with drill bit 100 shown in Figure 6, suppresses the corrosion and the wearing and tearing of steel billet 104.
In another embodiment of the present invention, docking station cavity or other reference element can be in its its forming process rather than in steel billet 114 form in the bit body matrix 116 of frame of the bit 112 during the machining docking station.
Replace providing docking station cavity or other reference element to come in the endoporus of drill bit, accurately to locate ultrasonic probe, can provide detachable align member to come with respect to endoporus location ultrasonic probe.This align member can be configured at least a portion of at least a portion, endoporus sidewall of joint inner bore bottom surface or the two has concurrently, so that this align member and ultrasonic probe can be navigated to essentially identical position when this align member of location and probe in endoporus at every turn.For example, align member can be disposed for supporting the jig of at least one inside surface of drill bit in ultrasonic probe and the joint inner bore.Ultrasonic probe can be arranged in this jig, and this jig and ultrasonic probe can be arranged in the endoporus of drill bit, makes at least one inside surface of drill bit in this jig joint inner bore, and ultrasonic probe is positioned at position selected in the drill bit endoporus.
Every kind of ultrasonic inspection technology and method discussed above has in this article all comprised the frame of the bit that utilizes the ultrasonic probe that is arranged in the drill bit endoporus to check drill bit.In optional method, can carry out ultrasonic inspection to drill bit from the outside of drill bit.The ultrasonic probe of annular can be provided, and this probe has the internal diameter greater than the frame of the bit external diameter, so that allow this loop-shaped ultrasound probe to be located such that at least a portion of probe wound drill bit outside surface.Ultrasonic probe can comprise a plurality of radially inside orientations and around the independent ultrasonic transducer of ultrasonic probe circumferential arrangement, so that the covering to the selected circumference of frame of the bit is provided.In addition, independent ultrasonic transducer can provide in all angles about the drill bit longitudinal axis or install about its rotation.In other method, can be by launching ultrasound wave from the transmitter that is arranged in the vertical endoporus of drill bit, ultrasound wave being sent to its outside by drill bit and utilizes the receiver detection ultrasound wave that is positioned at bit exterior to come drill bit is carried out ultrasonic inspection.Similarly, can be by launching ultrasound wave from the transmitter that is arranged in bit exterior, ultrasound wave being sent to vertical endoporus by drill bit and utilize the receiver detection ultrasound wave that is positioned at the vertical endoporus of drill bit to come drill bit is carried out ultrasonic inspection.
In addition, the expectation surface can be used in combination with fixing ultrasonic transducer for removable " mirror " of ultrasonic reflections material, thereby institute's ultrasonic waves transmitted pulse is reflexed in the drill bit with expected angle.In this configuration, the loop-shaped ultrasound probe can be used for checking drill bit from bit exterior.From bit exterior position detection drill bit may occur with the existence of endoporus and probe and the defective that will check between the related difficulty of material interface.The present inventor has been found that these difficulties can alleviate or overcome by execution ultrasonic inspection in the endoporus of drill bit.
Can be used in its life span, checking drill bit at this disclosed non-destructive ultrasonic inspection technology, method, system and device, so that identification and sign at least one defective wherein.The possibility of drill bit catastrophic failure in the drilling operation process is the function that defective exists in the one-piece construction of the fracture properties of the size that is applied to the load of drill bit or power in the drilling operation process, material and drill bit and the drill bit at least in part.One or more defectives in the drill bit may not necessarily cause drill bit catastrophic failure in use.In the drill bit one or more defectives cause drill bit in use the possibility of catastrophic failure (that is the critical conditions of defective) be the function of defective number, shape, size, type and position in the drill bit at least in part.
Should be appreciated that inspection method described herein and technology can be used to check any part of bur.For example, the frame of the bit of bur, bar handle, weld seam or any other parts can utilize method described herein and technology to check.In a specific non-limitative example, can be used to check inner circumference integrality in this disclosed technology, perhaps the circular weld 32 between bar handle 14 (see figure 1)s of drill bit steel billet 26 and bit exterior and with the interface of drill bit steel billet 26 and bar handle 14.In addition, inspection method described herein and technology are described with reference to the drill bit of occurring matrix type.But, the really not so restriction of inspection method and technology, it can also be applied to the drill bit of other type, comprise drill bit with steel bit body and drill bit with the frame of the bit that contains particle matrix synthetic material, wherein particle matrix synthetic material is formed by particle compacting and densification technology, the unsettled U.S. Patent application No.11/271 that submits on November 10th, 2005 for example, 153 and the unsettled U.S. Patent application No.11/272 that submits on November 10th, 2005 equally, those described in 439.
And, bur except conventional matrix-type, this inspection method and technology can also be used to check boring tool, for example core bit, hinge counterboring, Sleeve drill, diplocardia and centrifugal bur, hinge counterboring aerofoil, steel body bit, roll cone drill bit and other boring tool as known in the art.The certain material of any boring tool in front, size and inside and outside configuration do not limit use of the present invention.
Whether foregoing inspection method and technology can be used for prediction boring tool under predefined probing condition and will lose efficacy.As an example rather than restriction, foregoing inspection method and technology can be used for discerning and characterize resemble the earth boring bur 10 shown in Figure 1 or a plurality of cracks or other defective.If it is known forming the material of the earth boring bur 10, then the attribute of material (for example, fracture toughness K
cLimit stress σ with crack propagation
c) can to utilize traditional standard method of test as known in the art (for example, ASTM (U.S. detect with materialogy meeting) standard method of test E 1820-98, name is called the measurement of fracture toughness) definite.Can generate the computation model of the drill bit 10 that comprises the crack identifying and characterize or defective.Finite element analysis (FEA) technology can be used for calculating estimated stress strength factor K and owing to may be applied to the expectation external force (for example, the pressure of the drill (WOB) and moment of torsion) of drill bit 10 and the effective stress σ that may generate in drill bit 10 in follow-up drilling operation process.Be used for calculating stress strength factor K and effective stress σ and fracture toughness K
cLimit stress σ with crack propagation
cFormula be well known in the art and at for example T.L.Anderson, Fracture Mechanics:Fundamentals and Applications is described in the 31-96 page or leaf of CRC Press Inc. (nineteen ninety-five second edition).In case these values have all been determined, just can generate Failure Assessment figure (FDA), and use it for and predict whether drill bit 10 will lose efficacy under the probing condition of expection.This Failure Assessment figure is well known in the art and at for example T.L.Anderson, Fracture Mechanics:Fundamentals and Applications is described in the 459-478 page or leaf of CRC Press Inc. (nineteen ninety-five second edition).As an example rather than the restriction, if the limit stress σ of effective stress σ and crack propagation
fRatio (σ/σ
f) more than or equal to about 0.8, can predict that then drill bit 10 will lose efficacy owing to plastic failure mechanism.If stress strength factor K and fracture toughness K
cRatio (k/K
c) more than or equal to about 0.8, can predict that then drill bit 10 will lose efficacy owing to brittle failure mechanism.By this way, method described herein can be used for the inefficacy of prediction drill bit and other boring tool before drill bit and other boring tool are actually used in drilling operation, thereby prevents the inefficacy of drill bit or other boring tool.
Although the present invention is described about its specific preferred implementation, one of skill in the art will recognize that and to understand the present invention not limited.On the contrary, not deviating under the situation of the present invention for required protection scope hereinafter, can carry out many increases, deletion and modification to these preferred implementations.In addition, from a kind of feature of embodiment can with the characteristics combination of another embodiment, still be included in simultaneously within the scope of the invention of inventor's expection.
Claims (according to the modification of the 19th of treaty)
1, a kind of method that is used for the drill bit that is used for earth drilling is carried out nondestructive inspection comprises:
In ultrasonic energy transmitter and the ultrasonic energy receiver at least one is inserted in vertical endoporus of bur;
Ultrasound wave is sent at least a portion of bur from the ultrasonic energy transmitter;
Utilize the ultrasound wave of ultrasonic energy receiver detection by at least a portion reflection of this bur; And
Utilize the expression of detected ultrasound wave generation at least a portion of this bur.
2, the method for claim 1 wherein transmits ultrasound wave and comprises at least a portion of ultrasound wave being guided into this bur from vertical endoporus of bur.
3, the method for claim 1 wherein transmits ultrasound wave and comprises at least a portion of ultrasound wave being guided into this bur from the position of bit exterior.
4, as each described method in the claim 1 to 3, wherein detect the ultrasound wave that ultrasound wave comprises detection of reflected from vertical endoporus of bur.
5,, wherein detect ultrasound wave and comprise from the ultrasound wave of the position probing reflection of bit exterior as claim 1 or the described method of claim 2.
6, as each described method in the claim 1 to 5, also comprise:
Block at least one fluid passage that extends to the outside of bur from vertical endoporus; And
Utilize liquid ultrasound wave couplant to fill at least a portion of vertical endoporus, so that at least one sound wave in ultrasonic energy transmitter and the ultrasonic energy receiver is coupled to bur.
7, as each described method in the claim 1 to 6, also comprise:
Determine the position and the orientation of the longitudinal axis of vertical endoporus of bur;
In ultrasonic energy transmitter and the ultrasonic energy receiver at least one navigated in vertical endoporus of bur a position from longitudinal axis;
In the inside surface of bur and ultrasonic energy transmitter and ultrasonic energy receiver, provide selected standoff distance between the surface of at least one; And
Relative rotation around the longitudinal axis of the vertical endoporus of bur is provided between at least one in bur and ultrasonic energy transmitter and ultrasonic energy receiver.
8, as each described method in the claim 1 to 7, also comprise:
Ultrasound wave is sent at least one reference calibrations feature on the bur;
Detection is from the ultrasound wave of this at least one reference calibrations feature reflection; And
Utilize detected ultrasound wave and at least one known dimensions of this at least one reference calibrations feature from this at least one reference calibrations feature reflection to calibrate ultrasonic energy transmitter and the ultrasonic energy receiver at least one.
9, the method for claim 1 also comprises and uses single ultrasonic probe as ultrasonic energy transmitter and ultrasonic energy receiver.
10,, also comprise and utilize at least one reference position feature that in ultrasonic energy transmitter and the ultrasonic energy receiver at least one navigated to predetermined chosen position about drill bit as each described method in the claim 1 to 9.
11, a kind of apparatus for ultrasonic examination that is used for checking the drill bit that is used for earth drilling comprises:
Be used to support the ultrasonic probe supporting construction of ultrasonic probe, this ultrasonic probe supporting construction comprises the part of the vertical endoporus that is configured to be arranged in bur;
The structural ultrasonic probe that is coupled to this part of supporting construction, this ultrasonic probe are configured to be arranged in vertical endoporus of bur;
The vertical sonde detent mechanism is configured to change the lengthwise position of ultrasonic probe about bur; And
The rotating detector detent mechanism is configured to change the position of rotation of ultrasonic probe about bur.
12, device as claimed in claim 11, wherein the rotating detector detent mechanism is configured to rotate this bur around ultrasonic probe.
13, device as claimed in claim 11, wherein the rotating detector detent mechanism is configured to rotary ultrasonic ripple probe in vertical endoporus of bur.
14, as each described device in the claim 11 to 13, wherein the vertical sonde detent mechanism comprises:
Be positioned at the fixed component of vertical endoporus outside of bur, this fixed component extends abreast with the longitudinal axis of vertical endoporus of bur generally; And
Be coupled to the cantilever support member of this fixed component movably, this cantilever support member comprises:
Be coupled to fixed component movably and from the first of this fixed component horizontal expansion; And
Vertically extend with respect to first generally and have a free-ended second portion that is coupled to ultrasonic probe.
15, as each described device in the claim 11 to 14, also comprise additional ultrasonic probe, should additional ultrasonic probe comprise at least one ultrasonic transducer that is disposed for launching ultrasound wave and detects in the ultrasound wave at least one, should be configured to be positioned at the outside of the earth boring bur and be used for and ultrasonic probe supersonic communication by additional ultrasonic probe, wherein ultrasonic probe is configured to be inserted in vertical endoporus of the earth boring bur.
16,, also comprise being used to receive the data computing machine equipment that obtains from ultrasonic probe as any one described device in the claim 11 to 15.
17, a kind of occurring matrix type bur of holing on the stratum of being used for is included in the frame of the bit that has wherein defined vertical endoporus, and this frame of the bit comprises:
Steel billet; And
Be coupled to the bit body matrix of this steel billet, this bit body matrix is along the interface and the steel billet adjacency that comprise chamfered region, and steel billet is configured at the continuous path that vertically provides between endoporus and the chamfered region by steel billet.
18, drill bit as claimed in claim 17 also comprises the lining of the detachable anticorrosive and wearing and tearing in the vertical endoporus that is configured to be inserted into frame of the bit.
19, a kind of drill bit of holing on the stratum of being used for is included in the frame of the bit that has wherein defined vertical endoporus, and this frame of the bit comprises:
Inside surface in vertical endoporus; And
At least one fixed reference feature in vertical endoporus in the frame of the bit inside surface, the structure of this at least one fixed reference feature are designed to be convenient to vertically can repeatedly locate ultrasonic probe basically in the endoporus.
20, drill bit as claimed in claim 19, wherein at least one fixed reference feature comprises the docking station cavity.
Claims (20)
1, a kind of method that is used for the drill bit that is used for earth drilling is carried out nondestructive inspection comprises:
Ultrasound wave is sent at least a portion of bur from the ultrasonic energy transmitter;
Utilize the ultrasound wave of ultrasonic energy receiver detection by at least a portion reflection of this bur; And
Utilize the expression of detected ultrasound wave generation at least a portion of this bur.
2, the method for claim 1 wherein transmits ultrasound wave and comprises at least a portion of ultrasound wave being guided into this bur from vertical endoporus of bur.
3, the method for claim 1 wherein transmits ultrasound wave and comprises at least a portion of ultrasound wave being guided into this bur from the position of bit exterior.
4, as each described method in the claim 1 to 3, wherein detect the ultrasound wave that ultrasound wave comprises detection of reflected from vertical endoporus of bur.
5,, wherein detect ultrasound wave and comprise from the ultrasound wave of the position probing reflection of bit exterior as each described method in the claim 1 to 3.
6,, also comprise at least one sound wave in ultrasonic energy transmitter and the ultrasonic energy receiver is coupled to bur as each described method in the claim 1 to 5.
7, method as claimed in claim 6, wherein the sound wave coupling comprises at least a portion of the vertical endoporus that utilizes ultrasound wave couplant filling bur.
8, as each described method in the claim 1 to 7, also comprise:
Ultrasound wave is sent at least one reference calibrations feature on the bur;
Detection is from the ultrasound wave of this at least one reference calibrations feature reflection; And
Utilize detected ultrasound wave and at least one known dimensions of this at least one reference calibrations feature from this at least one reference calibrations feature reflection to calibrate ultrasonic energy transmitter and the ultrasonic energy receiver at least one.
9, the method for claim 1 also comprises and uses single ultrasonic probe as ultrasonic energy transmitter and ultrasonic energy receiver.
10,, also comprise and utilize at least one reference position feature that in ultrasonic energy transmitter and the ultrasonic energy receiver at least one navigated to predetermined chosen position about drill bit as each described method in the claim 1 to 9.
11, a kind of apparatus for ultrasonic examination that is used for checking the drill bit that is used for earth drilling comprises:
Be used to support the ultrasonic probe supporting construction of ultrasonic probe, this ultrasonic probe supporting construction comprises the part of the vertical endoporus that is configured to be arranged in bur;
The structural ultrasonic probe that is coupled to this part of supporting construction, this ultrasonic probe are configured to be arranged in vertical endoporus of bur;
The vertical sonde detent mechanism is configured to change the lengthwise position of ultrasonic probe about bur; And
The rotating detector detent mechanism is configured to change the position of rotation of ultrasonic probe about bur.
12, device as claimed in claim 11, wherein the rotating detector detent mechanism is configured to rotate this bur around ultrasonic probe.
13, device as claimed in claim 11, wherein the rotating detector detent mechanism is configured to rotary ultrasonic ripple probe in vertical endoporus of bur.
14, as each described device in the claim 11 to 13, wherein the vertical sonde detent mechanism comprises:
Be positioned at the fixed component of vertical endoporus outside of bur, this fixed component extends abreast with the longitudinal axis of vertical endoporus of bur generally; And
Be coupled to the cantilever support member of this fixed component movably, this cantilever support member comprises:
Be coupled to fixed component movably and from the first of this fixed component horizontal expansion; And
Vertically extend with respect to first generally and have a free-ended second portion that is coupled to ultrasonic probe.
15, as each described device in the claim 11 to 14, also comprise additional ultrasonic probe, should additional ultrasonic probe comprise at least one ultrasonic transducer that is disposed for launching ultrasound wave and detects in the ultrasound wave at least one, should be configured to be positioned at the outside of the earth boring bur and be used for and ultrasonic probe supersonic communication by additional ultrasonic probe, wherein ultrasonic probe is configured to be inserted in vertical endoporus of the earth boring bur.
16,, also comprise being used to receive the data computing machine equipment that obtains from ultrasonic probe as each described device in the claim 11 to 15.
17, a kind of occurring matrix type bur of holing on the stratum of being used for is included in the frame of the bit that has wherein defined vertical endoporus, and this frame of the bit comprises:
Steel billet; And
Be coupled to the bit body matrix of this steel billet, this bit body matrix is along the interface and the steel billet adjacency that comprise chamfered region, and steel billet is configured at the continuous path that vertically provides between endoporus and the chamfered region by steel billet.
18, drill bit as claimed in claim 17 also comprises the lining of the dismountable anticorrosive and wearing and tearing in the vertical endoporus that is configured to be inserted into frame of the bit.
19, a kind of drill bit of holing on the stratum of being used for is included in the frame of the bit that has wherein defined vertical endoporus, and this frame of the bit comprises:
Inside surface in vertical endoporus; And
At least one fixed reference feature in vertical endoporus in the frame of the bit inside surface, the structure of this at least one fixed reference feature are designed to be convenient to vertically can repeatedly locate ultrasonic probe basically in the endoporus.
20, drill bit as claimed in claim 19, wherein at least one fixed reference feature comprises the docking station cavity.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US79244506P | 2006-04-17 | 2006-04-17 | |
| US60/792,445 | 2006-04-17 | ||
| US11/787,693 | 2007-04-17 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101460839A true CN101460839A (en) | 2009-06-17 |
Family
ID=40770663
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNA2007800205387A Pending CN101460839A (en) | 2006-04-17 | 2007-04-17 | Rotary drill bits, methods of inspecting rotary drill bits, apparatuses and systems therefor |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN101460839A (en) |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103969400A (en) * | 2014-04-25 | 2014-08-06 | 华国洋 | Lift-type flaw detecting device |
| CN105290543A (en) * | 2015-11-28 | 2016-02-03 | 谭华 | Small-size tapping device with crack detection function |
| CN108627125A (en) * | 2017-03-24 | 2018-10-09 | 空中客车运营简化股份公司 | The ultrasonic probe equipped with eccentric for endoporus |
| CN111295266A (en) * | 2017-10-30 | 2020-06-16 | 罗伯特·博世有限公司 | Suction sleeve part |
| CN111521480A (en) * | 2020-05-21 | 2020-08-11 | 胡惠娇 | Rotary strength detection equipment for water drill bit |
-
2007
- 2007-04-17 CN CNA2007800205387A patent/CN101460839A/en active Pending
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103969400A (en) * | 2014-04-25 | 2014-08-06 | 华国洋 | Lift-type flaw detecting device |
| CN105290543A (en) * | 2015-11-28 | 2016-02-03 | 谭华 | Small-size tapping device with crack detection function |
| CN108627125A (en) * | 2017-03-24 | 2018-10-09 | 空中客车运营简化股份公司 | The ultrasonic probe equipped with eccentric for endoporus |
| CN111295266A (en) * | 2017-10-30 | 2020-06-16 | 罗伯特·博世有限公司 | Suction sleeve part |
| CN111521480A (en) * | 2020-05-21 | 2020-08-11 | 胡惠娇 | Rotary strength detection equipment for water drill bit |
| CN111521480B (en) * | 2020-05-21 | 2024-03-26 | 胡惠娇 | Rotary strength detection equipment of water drill bit |
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Open date: 20090617 |