CN101448019A - 被管理的多媒体传送网络中的有弹性的业务质量 - Google Patents

被管理的多媒体传送网络中的有弹性的业务质量 Download PDF

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CN101448019A
CN101448019A CNA2008101887197A CN200810188719A CN101448019A CN 101448019 A CN101448019 A CN 101448019A CN A2008101887197 A CNA2008101887197 A CN A2008101887197A CN 200810188719 A CN200810188719 A CN 200810188719A CN 101448019 A CN101448019 A CN 101448019A
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A·基塞尔
D·C·罗宾逊
T·舒特
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Alcatel Lucent SAS
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L65/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services for supporting real-time applications in data packet communication
    • H04L65/80—Responding to QoS
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L41/00—Arrangements for maintenance, administration or management of data switching networks, e.g. of packet switching networks
    • H04L41/50—Network service management, e.g. ensuring proper service fulfilment according to agreements
    • H04L41/5003—Managing SLA; Interaction between SLA and QoS
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L41/00—Arrangements for maintenance, administration or management of data switching networks, e.g. of packet switching networks
    • H04L41/50—Network service management, e.g. ensuring proper service fulfilment according to agreements
    • H04L41/5003—Managing SLA; Interaction between SLA and QoS
    • H04L41/5019—Ensuring fulfilment of SLA
    • H04L41/5025—Ensuring fulfilment of SLA by proactively reacting to service quality change, e.g. by reconfiguration after service quality degradation or upgrade
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L43/00—Arrangements for monitoring or testing data switching networks
    • H04L43/50—Testing arrangements
    • H04L43/55—Testing of service level quality, e.g. simulating service usage
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L65/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services for supporting real-time applications in data packet communication
    • H04L65/60—Network streaming of media packets
    • H04L65/75—Media network packet handling
    • H04L65/752—Media network packet handling adapting media to network capabilities
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
    • H04L67/01—Protocols
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
    • H04L67/01—Protocols
    • H04L67/10—Protocols in which an application is distributed across nodes in the network
    • H04L67/104—Peer-to-peer [P2P] networks
    • H04L67/1061—Peer-to-peer [P2P] networks using node-based peer discovery mechanisms
    • H04L67/1063—Discovery through centralising entities
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
    • H04L67/01—Protocols
    • H04L67/10—Protocols in which an application is distributed across nodes in the network
    • H04L67/104—Peer-to-peer [P2P] networks
    • H04L67/1061—Peer-to-peer [P2P] networks using node-based peer discovery mechanisms
    • H04L67/1072—Discovery involving ranked list compilation of candidate peers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
    • H04L67/50—Network services
    • H04L67/56—Provisioning of proxy services
    • H04L67/568—Storing data temporarily at an intermediate stage, e.g. caching
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
    • H04L67/01—Protocols
    • H04L67/10—Protocols in which an application is distributed across nodes in the network
    • H04L67/104—Peer-to-peer [P2P] networks

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Abstract

本发明涉及被管理的多媒体传送网络中的有弹性的业务质量。公开了一种用于提供具有有弹性的业务质量的多媒体业务的被管理的多媒体传送网络。该网络包括：多个超高速缓存节点，用于超高速缓存多媒体数据段；边缘超高速缓存节点，用于从所述超高速缓存节点收集被请求的多媒体数据段和用于向用户设备提供收集到的多媒体数据；以及业务网关，用于向所述边缘超高速缓存节点提供超高速缓存信息，从而指示如何从超高速缓存节点获得被请求的多媒体数据段。所述边缘超高速缓存节点包括业务质量监控单元，用于监控从超高速缓存节点收集数据段并且用于当数据段的收集影响业务质量时向业务网关请求超高速缓存信息。

Description

被管理的多媒体传送网络中的有弹性的业务质量
技术领域
本发明涉及用于在被管理的多媒体传送网络(managed multimedia deliverynetwork)中提供有弹性的业务质量的方法和系统，该被管理的多媒体传送网络也被称为超级对等(sP2P)网络或超高速缓存覆盖网络(caching overlay network)。
背景技术
传统的(通常为闭合网络)IPTV解决方案将内容置于集中式库服务器或在小数目的摄取点摄取生活内容(life content)。内容分发网络(CDN)稍后被用来将来自库服务器的内容分发给靠近网络边缘的流媒体服务器。如果用户想要观看在边缘流媒体服务器不可得到的内容，则库服务器要么服务该请求，要么拒绝该请求。
(例如基于因特网的)开放式P2P网络正作为针对传统的因特网协议电视(IPTV)业务的可替换传送机制而出现，诸如作为内容点播(CoD)、广播TV(bTV)、推动型(push)CoD。传统的IPTV业务通常已通过闭合的运营商提供的网络被传送。然而，基于因特网的sP2P网络不能以目前的生产水平针对实时多媒体点播业务提供业务质量(QoS)。
通常的sP2P网络提供超高速缓存服务器，该超高速缓存服务器能快速接入被频繁请求的网页或文件。超高速缓存服务器(或超高速缓存覆盖)是因特网业务供应商(ISP)常见的，从而能有效地接入被频繁访问的web站点。类似地，多媒体超高速缓存服务器正被考虑来加速接入被频繁请求的多媒体资产(asset)并且减少网络过载。
然而，诸如CoD、bTV、推动型CoD的IPTV业务要求快速且有效地接入质量和带宽超出用于文件共享或因特网/web接入的通常的sP2P网络的要求的内容。特别是，业务质量不仅不得不在初始会话建立期间被考虑，而且在多媒体会话持续期间也不得不被维持，例如在针对用户的特定的“预定时间(due time)”的点播传送或多媒体分发期间被维持。
有两组已知的旨在提高因特网上的多媒体资产分布的质量和速度的解决方案。第一组解决方案提高媒体和软件资产的非实时分布的速度。该组解决方案使用传统的超高速缓存模型，其中内容被超高速缓存在提供可量测性的覆盖服务器中，但是该组解决方案仅仅提供“尽力而为(best effort)”下载速度。第二组解决方案最近开始出现并被指向传送诸如CoD、bTV的IPTV业务。一种现有技术解决方案是Akamai的边缘组流媒体(AESS，Akamai’s EdgeSuite Streaming)。AESS接近于传统的分布式视频点播(VoD)流媒体模型。生活广播或媒体点播内容流通过因特网被传送到一组超高速缓存边缘。这些超高速缓存边缘位于终端用户附近，并且被用来为被请求的内容进行服务。这种用于点播业务的现有技术解决方案从存储装置(storage)下载流，并在流媒体对于用户设备开始之前将该流可靠地传递到在因特网边缘处的流媒体服务器。该AESS解决方案是传统的分布式视频流媒体到开放式因特网的应用。没有保证的业务质量，并使用“尽力而为”方法。而且，由于流不得不被下载到所选择的边缘服务器，所以直至下载(至少部分地)完成，该流才能保证实时业务。优化仅在多媒体传送初始化阶段被应用(用于资产的选择和传递)。这种现有技术解决方案并没有维持和恢复在进行中的多媒体会话或业务的质量。
对于生活广播业务，以上现有技术解决方案将相同流的多个拷贝通过不同的路由从入口点经过因特网发送到边缘流媒体服务器。“相同流的多个拷贝通过不同路由”这一解决方案的缺点是多个高带宽拷贝消耗相当大的资源，并且系统的按比例扩大要求指数式基础设施升级。
所有公知的现有技术的第一共同缺点是：优化仅在初始化阶段被应用于选择和传递资产。还没有描述用于维持和恢复多媒体点播会话(业务)质量的解决方案。第二共同缺点是基于集中式逻辑的底层体系架构产生了瓶颈和单个故障点。
发明内容
本发明提出了一种具有成本效益的方法来在被管理的公共分发网络(例如因特网)中维持和恢复多媒体会话(业务)的质量。该方法提供了公共网络上的有弹性的多媒体业务质量。所建议的方法解决了现有技术的以上缺陷。本发明允许去除单个故障点的分布式实施方案并且提供了具有成本效益的缩放(scaling)。
本发明公开了一种用于在被管理的多媒体传送网络上提供具有有弹性的业务质量的多媒体业务的方法，该被管理的多媒体传送网络包括用于超高速缓存多媒体数据段的多个多媒体数据超高速缓存节点。网络中的边缘超高速缓存节点从超高速缓存节点中用于传送给例如IPTV机顶盒的用户设备的子集收集多媒体数据段。边缘超高速缓存节点进一步监控从超高速缓存节点收集数据段，并且当数据段的收集被期望对多媒体业务的业务质量产生影响时，边缘超高速缓存节点向业务网关请求数据收集信息。例如，边缘超高速缓存节点确定：收集数据段的速度是否低于维持必需的业务质量所必需的水平，并且如果该段收集速度不够，则边缘超高速缓存节点请求数据收集信息，以恢复业务质量。
一旦从边缘超高速缓冲存储器接收到数据收集信息请求，业务网关就评估在超高速缓存节点处的用于将被请求的数据段发送到边缘超高速缓存节点的可用资源，以便确定所使用的超高速缓存节点的变化是否会提高业务质量。业务网关通过发送以下数据收集信息来作出响应：该数据收集信息正向边缘超高速缓存节点指示用于提高业务质量的可能的可替换超高速缓存节点。
根据本发明的一个方面，分布式“业务质量”逻辑是通过将“质量恢复”初始化分配到客户端服务边缘超高速缓冲存储器上而被引入的。边缘超高速缓冲存储器对其负责的每个多媒体业务的瞬时的和聚集的状态有最终认知，并且例如当收集媒体段的速度低于某一水平时，边缘超高速缓冲存储器同样地可以触发初始“质量恢复”请求。用于触发恢复请求的度量可以变化并且在下文提供例子。
边缘超高速缓冲存储器优选地也负责建立用户设备与点播系统之间的会话。为了建立会话，边缘超高速缓冲存储器可联系业务网关来确定是否有足够的资源来维持会话的所要求的质量。
根据本发明的另一方面，使用无状态的业务网关来将“质量恢复”逻辑和初始业务建立逻辑进行组合。例如，一旦从用户设备接收到多媒体点播请求，边缘超高速缓冲存储器就联系该业务网关来请求数据收集信息并确定用于收集被请求的多媒体段的超高速缓存节点的最佳位置。在下一阶段，在收集期间，边缘超高速缓冲存储器周期性地检查会话的状态，并且如果被评估的质量低于基准矩阵，则边缘超高速缓冲存储器向业务网关请求可替换的位置。业务网关可以推荐(重定向)可替换的业务拓扑(可能包括可替换的段分布路径)或者也可以否定该请求。如果某些资源被期望立刻释放，从而允许及时提高业务质量，以致用户设备不会经历整体QoS降低，则后者是有用的。
优选地，超高速缓存节点将超高速缓存状态信息周期性地发送到例如集中式状态数据库的永久存储装置，该永久存储装置当评估超高速缓存节点处的可用资源时被业务网关接入，以获得超高速缓存节点的超高速缓存状态信息。业务网关然后编辑对于可替换的超高速缓存节点的推荐，用于提高业务质量，并且向边缘超高速缓冲存储器发送响应于数据收集信息请求的超高速缓存节点推荐。
通过使用状态数据库，业务网关并不保持该状态自身并且是无状态的：该业务网络从该数据库读取状态。因此，网关并不负责更新该状态。网关只是分析从状态数据库收集到的关于分布式系统的当前状态。该网关也可以从永久存储装置(数据库)收集决策逻辑。例如，可以说，永久存储装置是数据库。每个超高速缓冲存储器将其负载和当前可用的多媒体段寄送(post)给数据库(称为健康状态-SOH)。该数据库可包含逻辑记录(任何具有可用段的最靠近的超高速缓冲存储器都可以被选择)。然后，在接收到初始请求之后，该网关读取SOH数据，应用被加载的逻辑并将该决策返回给边缘超高速缓冲存储器。
通过将“质量恢复”初始化委托给边缘超高速缓冲存储器，去除了监控分布式sP2P网络在任何给定的集中式位置的瞬时状态的要求。完全分布式系统被创建，其中边缘超高速缓冲存储器的损失将不会阻止系统剩余部分的正常操作。
进一步地，当业务质量暂时降低时，所建议的解决方案通过阻止边缘节点自动地和过度地(例如混乱地)在超高速缓冲存储器之间进行切换来优化整体sP2P资源使用。
并且，所建议的解决方案并不要求任何对于所有正在进行的多媒体业务的瞬时状态的集中式监控。这去除了可能的瓶颈或单个故障点，并且能有效地按比例扩大和按比例缩小sP2P网络。
根据另一方面，公开了一种用于提供具有有弹性的业务质量的多媒体业务的被管理的多媒体传送网络。该网络包括：用于超高速缓存多媒体数据段的多个超高速缓存节点；边缘超高速缓存节点，用于从超高速缓存节点收集被请求的多媒体数据段并且用于向用户设备提供收集到的多媒体数据；以及业务网关，用于给边缘超高速缓存节点提供超高速缓存信息，该超高速缓存信息指示如何从超高速缓存节点获得被请求的多媒体数据段。该边缘超高速缓存节点包括业务质量监控单元，用于监控从超高速缓存节点收集数据段以及用于当数据段的收集影响业务质量时向业务网关请求超高速缓存信息。业务质量监控单元优选地在每个段不得不被传送到用户设备之前确定到达的数据段的速度是否足以弹出(pull)每个段的末端。
优选地，一旦业务网关接收到超高速缓存信息请求，业务网关就评估可用的资源，以将被请求的数据段发送到边缘超高速缓存节点。响应于超高速缓存信息请求，超高速缓存信息被发送回边缘超高速缓存节点，从而指示用于维持业务质量的被推荐的超高速缓存节点。
业务网关可基于以下内容中的至少一个确定用于将被请求的数据段发送到边缘超高速缓存节点的被推荐的超高速缓存节点：被请求的数据段在超高速缓存节点上的可用性、超高速缓存节点的负载、用于发送被请求的数据段的可用带宽和传输网络拥塞。其它用于确定被推荐的超高速缓存节点的标准也可以被使用。通常，被推荐的超高速缓存节点被期望通过提供允许快速收集被请求的数据段来提高业务质量。如果从目前被用于传送多媒体业务的超高速缓存节点收集数据段的速度不久将要提高，则业务网关也可通过否定推荐可替换的超高速缓存节点来响应于超高速缓存信息请求。
在网络中可提供用于存储超高速缓存节点的超高速缓存信息的网络超高速缓存信息存储装置。该超高速缓存信息优选地周期性地通过这些超高速缓存节点被提供给网络超高速缓存信息存储装置。当业务网关评估用于将被请求的数据段发送到边缘超高速缓存节点的可用资源时，业务网关可接入网络超高速缓存信息存储装置。
本发明在被管理的多媒体分发网络中提供有弹性的业务质量，并使得在诸如因特网的公共网络上能够实现高质量的多媒体点播业务。本发明允许具有成本效益的去除单个故障点的分布式实施方案。本发明可以使用行业标准协议来实施，这并不要求对现有协议栈的重新建造，因此保持实施成本下降。
附图说明
通过优选实施例的描述，本发明的目的和特征将变得显而易见。以下通过参阅附图中示意性示出的示例性实施例对本发明进行描述，其中：
图1示出了sP2P网络体系架构；和
图2示出了依据本发明实施例的被管理的多媒体分发网络体系架构。
具体实施方式
图1示出了sP2P多媒体分发网络体系架构。多媒体内容被置于库服务器并且由CDN分发给例如IPTV机顶盒(STB)的对等体，其中该多媒体内容可以被存储在用户的个人存储装置中。该内容从库服务器被分发到流媒体服务器(超级对等体)，其中该内容被超高速缓存在共用存储装置(community storage)中。
图1中的超级对等体是由网络运营商部署的附加值节点，其主要目的在于对由用户(对等体)频繁接入的内容进行超高速缓存。这些超级对等体将质量作为附加值业务来提高。这些超级对等体之间的虚线意味着：超级对等体可以在自身之间交换被超高速缓存的多媒体数据，这些超级对等体并不需要总是联系库服务器。
在图2中示出了本发明的实施例，其示意性示出了sP2P网络1(例如基于因特网)，该sP2P网络1包括数个超高速缓存节点3(CN_A1、A2、A3)和服务于例如IPTV机顶盒(STB)的用户设备2(UE)的边缘超高速缓存节点4(CN_EDGE)。另一边缘超高速缓存节点7是出于说明目的而被示出。用于业务初始化和质量恢复的双重目的的无状态业务网关5被提供。该sP2P网络进一步包括永久存储装置6(例如数据库)，该永久存储装置6包含sP2P状态。
首先解释初始业务建立或初始化逻辑。假如用户(经由用户设备)想要建立多媒体点播会话，则该用户设备将启动请求发送给边缘超高速缓冲存储器。数种情形是可能的；取最坏的情形，其中该多媒体业务在边缘超高速缓冲存储器处是不可用的。为了确定所要求的QoS是否能够被实现以及如何被实现，边缘超高速缓冲存储器联系业务网关。该业务网关具有超高速缓存拓扑以及可用资产的认知。该网关确定：原则上边缘超高速缓冲存储器是否能以所要求的速度从其它超高速缓冲存储器弹出失去的多媒体数据以及如何弹出。假如这样的话，会话可被初始化。否则，可提供可替换的业务。
通常，永久存储装置(例如状态数据库)是分离的并被置于与业务网关不同的位置。优点在于：可部署的多个业务网关靠近边缘，从而从状态数据库接入相同的SOH数据。网关可选地在短时间内超高速缓存SOH。这意味着：只有状态数据库必须是有高弹性的。业务网关过程并不需要是有弹性的，并且因为这些业务网格过程并没有保持超高速缓存状态，所以可以多次重新开始这些业务网关过程。一般来说，使得过程(软件)有弹性比使得永久存储器(即状态数据库)有弹性更困难。例如使用像分布式RAC(实际应用程序簇(Real Applications Clusters))的技术，该状态数据库可以是集中式的或分布式的。
假设用户设备2请求媒体资产A，该媒体资产A包含三个段：
资产A＝{Seg1，Seg2，Seg3}，
并且这些段在边缘超高速缓存节点4最初都不可用。那么，边缘超高速缓存节点4通过询问业务网关5是否所有的段以所要求的点播速度在可接入的超高速缓存位置都可用来初始化该业务。业务网关5检查sP2P在状态数据库6处的状态，编辑用于收集段的被推荐的位置并将这些位置返回到边缘超高速缓存节点4。
所有的超高速缓存节点3以当前的状态周期性地更新永久存储器6(即状态数据库)。这里，当前的状态具有广泛的含义，并且可包括但不限于当前被超高速缓存的段、可用的以及所使用的带宽和关于所提供的业务的其它信息。
可以说，业务网关5推荐边缘超高速缓存节点4从超高速缓存节点CN_A1弹出Seg1、Seg3，并从超高速缓存节点CN_A2弹出Seg2，用于点播传送给用户设备2。如果边缘超高速缓冲存储器4检测到(在多媒体会话期间)段正以低于给定的质量矩阵的业务质量到达，则该边缘超高速缓冲存储器4可以向业务网关5请求“业务恢复”并且可选地指示该原因，例如“低速”或“太多的讹误(corruption)”。
图2例如示出有带宽从CN_A1以1Mb/s发送Seg1(“Seg1-1Mbps”)和类似地以1Mb/s发送Seg3(“Seg3-1Mbps”)。Seg1在CN_A3也容易是可用的。Seg2在CN_A1可用，并在CN_A2以2Mb/s可用(“Seg2-2Mbps”)。
对于基于下载速度的、用于发起“质量恢复”请求的质量矩阵的简单例子，边缘超高速缓冲存储器4检查：在每个段不得不被传送到用户设备2之前，到达的段的平均速度是否足以弹出每个段的末端。在本上下文中，“矩阵”意味着存在用于基于按照某些运营商定义的规则集中在一起的不同因素作出决策的逻辑。然而，本发明并不限于这个例子，并且其它使用潜在不同度量的质量矩阵也能被应用。针对该决策，可替换的质量矩阵可以使用不同的因素和规则以将其混合在一起。
然后，业务网关5可分析业务质量降低的原因，并且推荐可替换的(恢复)超高速缓冲存储器位置，以检索剩余的段(多个段)或段部分，或者否定该请求并可选地返回否定的原因。
在一种情形下，使用上述例子的成本矩阵，如果在某些段不得不被传送到用户设备2之前段到达的平均速度并不足以弹出这些段的末端，则业务网关5可否定该请求并回复该速度被期望立刻提高，因为某些资源将从其它活动中(例如在该段正被弹出的超高速缓存节点上)被释放。这种情况下的原因可以是“速度将提高”。
在可替换的情形下，业务网关5可以分析该请求以及业务质量降低的原因，并且可推荐可替换的超高速缓冲存储器位置，用于业务质量恢复。例如，如果边缘超高速缓存节点4因为最初选择的超高速缓存节点3CN_A1对于向下弹出段具有“过低的速度”而请求恢复，则业务网关5可以推荐边缘超高速缓存节点4从可替换的超高速缓存节点CN_A3弹出Seg1，同时因为对于Seg3仍有足够的时间到达(为了说明参见图2)，所以继续从超高速缓存节点CN_A1弹出Seg3。
对在超高速缓存节点与业务网关之间的所有可能的通信情形的完全分析在本申请的范围之外。以上简单例子说明了所建议的解决方案如何可提供有弹性的业务质量和优化资源利用。
当业务质量暂时降低时，所建议的解决方案可以通过阻止边缘超高速缓冲存储器4在超高速缓存节点3之间进行自动的和过度的(混乱的)切换来优化sP2P资源利用，业务质量暂时降低可能发生在诸如因特网的开放式网络中。
在一种情形下，假定存在以下高概率：业务质量将提高并且用户设备会不了解业务的整体降低，则“业务恢复”请求被否定。
在另一情形下，充分的安全裕度可以被包括到“质量恢复”矩阵中，该“质量恢复”矩阵在边缘超高速缓冲存储器4上被应用来在降低的早期迹象期间触发质量提高。例如，可以说：边缘超高速缓冲存储器有足够的数据来服务于多媒体的紧接着的十分钟，而剩余的多媒体数据正以比用户消耗的速度低的速度到达。那么，这十分钟可以被认为是安全裕度。当到达时，边缘超高速缓冲存储器4针对可替换的途径(路由)联系业务网关5，以收集剩余的多媒体。裕度可以用百分比、定时、尺寸等来表达。类似的安全裕度可以被建立到业务网关5中，从而允许额外的有弹性业务。例如，在这种情况下，业务网关可以额外供应(overprovision)某个量的资源。例如，可以通过指定(nominate)要由边缘超高速缓冲存储器使用的额外的可替换的超高速缓冲存储器来实现额外供应。优先排序化和/或不同的安全裕度可以被应用到不同的业务类型，例如用于区别低值资产和高值资产。
如上所讨论的那样，本发明提供了一种用于有成本效益地使公共网络(例如因特网)上的多媒体业务的质量有弹性的方法。重要的是注意到业务质量在活动会话期间可以有效地被维持或被提高。本发明针对不同的业务类型允许不同的业务质量。所建议的体系架构并不使用集中式监控逻辑，因此去除存在于其它方法中的瓶颈和单个故障点。
总而言之，本发明具有以下优点：
-本发明能够实现公共因特网上的有弹性的质量的多媒体业务(CoD、bTV、推动型CoD等)；
-本发明提供了一种具有成本效益的解决方案而且并不使用集中式监控逻辑，该集中式监控逻辑去除了任何瓶颈和单个故障点；
-本发明通过提供覆盖网络或业务网关来允许开放式因特网网络中的电信运营商的新的收入产生模型；
-本发明优化资源利用并阻止超高速缓冲存储器之间的不必要的过度切换；
-由于不要求sP2P网络的重新配置或停工期，所以本发明有效地按比例增加和按比例降低成本；以及
-本发明针对不同的业务类型允许不同的业务质量。
本发明可在硬件和/或软件方面以多种不同的方式来实施。实施例可以包括诸如超高速缓存节点、边缘超高速缓存节点、业务网关、sP2P状态数据库和/或用户设备的网络实体。

Claims (10)

1.用于提供具有有弹性的业务质量的多媒体业务的被管理的多媒体传送网络，该被管理的多媒体传送网络包括：
多个超高速缓存节点，用于超高速缓存多媒体数据段；
边缘超高速缓存节点，用于从超高速缓存节点收集被请求的多媒体数据段以及用于向用户设备提供收集到的多媒体数据；和
业务网关，用于将超高速缓存信息提供给边缘超高速缓存节点，该超高速缓存信息指示如何从超高速缓存节点获得被请求的多媒体数据段，
其中，边缘超高速缓存节点包括业务质量监控单元，用于监控从超高速缓存节点收集数据段和用于当数据段的收集影响业务质量时向业务网关请求超高速缓存信息。
2.如权利要求1所述的网络，其中，业务网关一旦接收到超高速缓存信息请求，业务网关就评估可用资源，以将被请求的数据段发送到边缘超高速缓存节点的，并且业务网关就将超高速缓存信息提供给边缘超高速缓存节点，该超高速缓存信息指示用于维持业务质量的被推荐的超高速缓存节点。
3.如权利要求2所述的网络，其中，业务网关基于以下内容中的至少一个来确定用于将被请求的数据段发送到边缘超高速缓存节点的被推荐的超高速缓存节点：被请求数据段在超高速缓存节点上的可用性、超高速缓存节点的负载、用于发送被请求的数据段的可用带宽和传输网络拥塞。
4.如权利要求2所述的网络，其中，如果从目前被用于传送多媒体业务的超高速缓存节点收集数据段的速度将要提高，则业务网关通过否定推荐可替换的超高速缓存节点来响应于超高速缓存信息请求。
5.如权利要求1所述的网络，其包括网络超高速缓存信息存储装置，用于存储超高速缓存节点的超高速缓存信息，其中当业务网关评估用于将被请求的数据段发送到边缘超高速缓存节点的可用资源时，业务网关接入网络超高速缓存信息存储装置。
6.如权利要求1所述的网络，其中，业务质量监控单元确定：在每个段不得不被传送到用户设备之前，到达的数据段的速度是否足以弹出每个段的末端。
7.用于在被管理的多媒体传送网络上提供具有有弹性的业务质量的多媒体业务的方法，所述被管理的多媒体传送网络包括多个多媒体数据超高速缓存节点，所述方法包括由边缘超高速缓存节点执行的以下步骤：
从超高速缓存节点中用于传送到用户设备的子集收集多媒体数据段；
监控从超高速缓存节点收集数据段；和
当数据段的收集影响多媒体业务的业务质量时，向业务网关请求数据收集信息；
并且所述方法包括由业务网关执行的以下步骤：
评估在超高速缓存节点处的可用资源，用于将被请求的数据段发送到边缘超高速缓存节点；和
将数据收集信息提供给边缘超高速缓存节点，该数据收集信息指示用于提高业务质量的可替换的超高速缓存节点。
8.如权利要求7所述的方法，其包括：
确定收集数据段的速度是否低于维持业务质量所必需的水平。
9.如权利要求7所述的方法，其包括：
当多媒体业务被初始化时，向业务网关请求数据收集信息。
10.如权利要求7所述的方法，其包括：
将超高速缓存状态信息周期性地从超高速缓存节点发送到集中式状态数据库；以及
当评估超高速缓存节点处的可用资源来编辑用于提高业务质量的可替换的超高速缓存节点时，接入集中式状态数据库，以获得超高速缓存节点的超高速缓存状态信息。
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