CN101446363B - 金属薄膜式减压阀 - Google Patents

金属薄膜式减压阀 Download PDF

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CN101446363B
CN101446363B CN2008102465807A CN200810246580A CN101446363B CN 101446363 B CN101446363 B CN 101446363B CN 2008102465807 A CN2008102465807 A CN 2008102465807A CN 200810246580 A CN200810246580 A CN 200810246580A CN 101446363 B CN101446363 B CN 101446363B
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valve
diaphragm
main spring
metallic film
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CN101446363A (zh
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李峰
俞晓龙
刘际
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Beijing Aerospace Long March Machinery Equipment Manufacturing Co ltd
Changzheng Engineering Co Ltd
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BEIJING AEROSPACE WANYUAN COAL CHEMICAL ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明提出了一种金属薄膜式气体减压阀，其包括：具有流道的阀体(1)；设置在阀体(1)上的主弹簧箱(2)；阀杆(5)，其具有设置在阀体(1)的流道中的第一端部和设置在所述主弹簧箱(2)内的第二端部；安装在阀杆(5)第二端部上的膜片(8)。本发明的特征在于所述膜片(8)是由金属制成的波纹形膜片。采用这种特殊结构的膜片，可以保证阀杆在上下动作和阀门密封的同时，防止管路系统中的压力过大导致膜片破坏。

Description

金属薄膜式减压阀
技术领域
本发明涉及一种减压阀，特别是用于高压氧气管路的金属薄膜式减压阀。
背景技术
减压阀是依靠管路介质的本身能量进行工作的一种压力调节装置。减压阀的分类很多，按照其动作原理大致可以分为直接作用式(自力式)和间接作用式(指挥式)两种。直接作用式减压阀与间接作用式减压阀相比，其具有结构简单，工作可靠和成本低的优点。故在稳压精度要求不高的场合下，大都采用直接作用式减压阀。直接作用式减压阀按气体流过减压阀的方向分：正向减压阀、反向减压阀；按减压阀的敏感元件可分为：膜片式减压阀、柱塞式减压阀、膜盒式减压阀。
金属薄膜式气体减压阀是一种直接作用、正向、薄膜式减压阀。它主要应用于煤化工气化炉点火用的氧气管路系统中的压力调节，即将入口的高压氧气降低到系统所需要的低压力，并且在入口压力变化的同时，出口压力保持在一个级小的允许范围内稍有变动。
并且当前的金属薄膜式气体减压阀还存在下面的问题。
一、由于减压器内泄漏导致管路中的压力过高时，可能出现膜片破损，从而可能导致发生氧气泄漏的现象。
二、由于设计不合理，减压阀达到额定流量的速度慢，不适合工况要求。
发明内容
为了解决上述问题，本发明提出了一种金属薄膜式气体减压阀。该减压阀包括：具有流道的阀体；设置在阀体上的主弹簧箱；阀杆，其具有设置在阀体的流道中的第一端部和设置在所述主弹簧箱内的第二端部；安装在阀杆第二端部上的膜片。该减压阀的特征在于：所述膜片是由金属制成的波纹形膜片。采用这种特殊结构的膜片，可以保证阀杆在上下动作和阀门密封的同时，防止管路系统中的压力过大导致膜片破坏。
优选地，所述减压阀还包括设置在主弹簧箱内的主弹簧，用于向所述膜片施加预压力。更优选地，所述减压阀还包括位于所述主弹簧箱内的预压力调节装置。
优选地，阀杆的第一端部上安装有阀盘和阀盘密封垫，其中所述阀盘中加工有凹部，所述阀盘密封垫嵌入所述凹部中。
优选地，所述减压阀还包括向所述阀盘施加预压力以关闭流道的副弹簧。
优选地，所述阀体包括介质进入腔、介质排出腔和压力调节腔，其中介质进入腔与阀门入口联通，介质排出腔与阀门出口联通，压力调节腔朝向所述主弹簧箱中的膜片打开，所述阀杆的第一端部设置在介质进入腔和介质排出腔之间。更优选地，出口处具有与压力调节腔联通的压力反馈通道。
附图说明
附图1为本发明的减压阀的整体结构剖示图；
附图2为本发明的减压阀的阀体剖示图；
附图标记列表：
1阀体、2主弹簧箱、3下端盖、4副弹簧、5阀杆、6阀盘、7阀盘密封垫、8膜片、9膜片下垫块、10膜片上垫块、11主弹簧、12主弹簧座、13调整螺杆、14保护帽、15阀门入口、16介质进入腔、17介质排出腔、18压力反馈通道、19压力调节腔、20阀门出口
具体实施方式：
接下来将结合附图对本发明的优选实施例作出详细的说明。
如图1和图2所示，本发明的减压阀包括：具有流道的阀体1；设置在阀体1上的主弹簧箱2；阀杆5，其具有设置在阀体1的流道中的第一端部和设置在所述主弹簧箱2内的第二端部；安装在阀杆5的第二端部上的膜片8。其中，所述膜片是由金属制成的波纹形膜片。由薄金属片制成的膜片本身具有比橡胶等材料更大的强度，不易破损。同时，将膜片制成波纹形状，可以在压力突然升高时，利用波纹膜片本身的形状提供压力缓冲，这样就进一步消除了膜片破损的可能，从而可以有利地防止出现介质泄漏的情况发生。
阀体1具有三个腔，介质进入腔16、介质排出腔17和压力调节腔19。其中介质进入腔16与阀门入口15联通，介质排出腔17与阀门出口20联通，压力调节腔19朝向所述主弹簧箱2中的膜片8打开。阀杆5的第一端部设置在介质进入腔16和介质排出腔17之间。阀杆5的第一端部上安装有阀盘6和阀盘密封垫7，在介质进入腔16和介质排出腔17的连接处设置有阀座(未示出)。介质排出腔17中设置有副弹簧4，用于向阀座6施加压力，将阀座6紧紧地压靠在阀座上，从而阻断阀体1中的流体通道，同时副弹簧4还起到辅助密封的作用。
阀体1的下端与下端盖3压紧连接，从而形成介质排出腔17。膜片8装入阀杆5的第二端部，固定在阀杆5上。优选地，在膜片8的上下表面分别安装膜片下垫块9和膜片上垫块10。主弹簧座12和主弹簧11压在膜片上垫块10上，装在主弹簧箱2上的调整螺杆13顶在主弹簧座12上。调整螺杆13，保护帽14装在主弹簧箱2上。
主弹簧箱2通过螺栓等连接装置与阀体1连接在一起。主弹簧箱2的下端打开，从而露出膜片8。阀体1的压力调节腔19的上端朝向膜片8打开，从而在膜片8和阀体1之间形成封闭的压力调节腔19。
阀体出口20处为压力反馈通道18，该压力反馈通道18从阀体出口20连接到压力调节腔19。用于平衡阀体出口20和压力调节腔19之间的压力。
本发明的减压阀的工作过程如下：
正常工作时，将本发明的减压阀安装在系统管道中间，介质从阀门入口15流入到介质进入腔16。当介质压力升到某一预定值时，就会使介质排出腔17的阀盘6打开，介质流入介质排出腔17，使介质排出腔17的压力升高。这时，介质排出腔17的压力会通过阀门出口20处的压力反馈通道18反馈到压力调节腔19。当与介质排出腔17相连的阀门出口20压力升到一定值时，压力调节腔19的反馈压力就会推动膜片8并带动阀杆5、阀盘6向上移动，从而减小了阀门的开度。阀门开度的降低，可使介质排出腔17内的压力降低，从而降低阀门出口20的压力；同样，当出口压力降到一定值时，反馈压力下降，使膜片8在主弹簧11的作用下向下移动，从而增大阀门开度，使阀后压力回升。这样往复可使出口压力稳定在一个设定的范围内。

Claims (4)

1.一种金属薄膜式气体减压阀，其包括：
具有流道的阀体(1)；
设置在阀体(1)上的主弹簧箱(2)，设置在主弹簧箱(2)内的主弹簧(11)，用于向膜片(8)施加预压力，还包括位于所述主弹簧箱(2)内的预压力调节装置；
阀杆(5)，其具有设置在阀体(1)的流道中的第一端部和设置在所述主弹簧箱(2)内的第二端部；
其特征在于：阀杆(5)的第一端部上安装有阀盘(6)和阀盘密封垫(7)，其中所述阀盘(6)中加工有凹部，所述阀盘密封垫(7)嵌入所述凹部中；
安装在阀杆(5)第二端部上的膜片(8)，
所述膜片(8)是由金属制成的波纹形膜片。
2.根据权利要求1所述的金属薄膜式气体减压阀，其特征在于：还包括向所述阀盘(6)施加预压力以关闭流道的副弹簧(4)。
3.根据权利要求1或2中所述的金属薄膜式气体减压阀，其特征在于：所述阀体(1)包括介质进入腔(16)、介质排出腔(17)和压力调节腔(19)，其中介质进入腔(16)与入口(15)联通，介质排出腔(17)与出口(20)联通，压力调节腔(19)朝向所述主弹簧箱(2)中的膜片(8)敞开，所述阀杆(5)的第一端部设置在介质进入腔(16)和介质排出腔(17)之间。
4.根据权利要求3所述的金属薄膜式气体减压阀，其特征在于：出口(20)处具有与压力调节腔(19)联通的压力反馈通道(18)。 
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CN103821975A (zh) * 2013-05-27 2014-05-28 成都众山科技有限公司 控制减压阀压力的端板
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CN105587909B (zh) * 2014-10-16 2019-04-30 河南航天液压气动技术有限公司 一种多级高压先导式气体减压器
CN113944790B (zh) * 2021-08-26 2023-06-06 北京宇航系统工程研究所 一种用于固体姿控系统的高温减压阀

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