CN101446088B - Construction method for pole and tower foundation in Gobi Desert gravelly soil area - Google Patents
Construction method for pole and tower foundation in Gobi Desert gravelly soil area Download PDFInfo
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- CN101446088B CN101446088B CN2008102264460A CN200810226446A CN101446088B CN 101446088 B CN101446088 B CN 101446088B CN 2008102264460 A CN2008102264460 A CN 2008102264460A CN 200810226446 A CN200810226446 A CN 200810226446A CN 101446088 B CN101446088 B CN 101446088B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a construction method for pole and tower foundation in a Gobi Desert gravelly soil area, comprising the following steps: preparing for construction, excavating foundation ditch, assembling reinforcement, putting up formwork, casting concrete, stripping formwork, maintaining, clearing site and inspecting quality. The method of the invention has obvious economic advantage and less damage to natural resources.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of pole and tower foundation job practices that is used for Gobi desert gravelly soil area, belong to the electric power line pole tower basic field.
Background technology
The area, Gobi desert be the NORTHWEST CHINA area more special, have a very strong zonal class one zone territory.The geology characteristic in Gobi desert area is: through long-term exposing to the weather, and excessive vaporization, the face of land a lot of gravels that distribute; And below the face of land, soil layer is better glued, and soil body independence is stronger, and groundwater table is very low.To the research on this type of regional electric power line pole tower basis, the not test data of system and research data as yet both at home and abroad.The main board-like basis of steel concrete (heavy excavation flexible foundation) of adopting, electric power line pole tower basis in the actual in the past engineering; This basis is to the extremely well-adapted of geological conditions and basic role power; But applied range; But fail to make full use of the good shearing resistance overturning or slip resistance analysis performance of Gobi desert area undisturbed soil, consumption of materials is bigger, and worst is that foundation ditch draws that to dig workload big; The ratio of earth excavation and base concrete side's amount causes bigger destruction for the fragile originally water and soil environment in the Northwest up to 6～12; On the other hand, foundation ditch is drawn the soil property of digging can not adapt to the backfill requirement well, causes the part excavation to abandon, and must arrive transportation plain soil in place far away separately; Moreover; Operation along with the 750kV of the Northwest common-tower double-return compact type work transmission line; The active force of pole and tower foundation is increasing, to pole and tower foundation require increasingly highly, traditional " the heavy method of soil " is not enough to the basic role power that can provide enough; So just can only continue to increase the size of the board-like flexible foundation of heavy excavation; Do not meet the demand for development of " amphitypy three is new " (resource-conserving, environmentally friendly, new technology, new material, new technology) of State Grid Corporation of China, this has just proposed new requirements at the higher level to the basic type selecting of area, Gobi desert transmission line of electricity.
Draw entirely dig the undisturbed soil basis to be applicable to groundwater table not high mould firmly, the fat clay geological conditions, in severely-weathered ground basement rock, also can adopt the digging foundation pattern.It has made full use of the advantage that the undisturbed soil bearing capacity is high, distortion is little; Avoided heavy excavation in the work progress, reduced, avoided undue disturbance undisturbed soil to environment damage; Make undisturbed soil angle of internal friction and cohesive strength be able to give full play to, thereby increase substantially basic resistance to plucking ability.In addition, digging foundation earthwork evacuation amount is little, spoir is few, does not have the unnecessary earthwork to need to handle basically; During foundation construction " with native Dai Mo ", directly with the cage of reinforcement on basis and concreting in drawing the native tire of the type of scraping out, the reduction operating expenses has shown high economic benefit and environmental benefit, in the electric power line pole tower basis, is widely used.
Yet; To Gobi desert area gravelly soil ground; Can adopt full digging foundation actually; Whether its construction technology feasible? For the digging foundation of the Northwest's Gobi desert and so on geological conditions, existing rules " aerial power transmission line basic engineering technology Guiding " (DL/T5219-2005) do not provide the value of the geologic parameter that adapts with it, the domestic test data that does not yet have this type of basic aspect.
Summary of the invention
The present invention has proposed a kind of pole and tower foundation job practices that can be used for Gobi desert gravelly soil area for the first time, may further comprise the steps: preparation of construction, foundation ditch are drawn and are dug, assembling reinforcement and formwork, concreting, form removal, maintenance, site clearing and inspection of quality.Its construction operation flow process is as shown in Figure 1.
A kind of pole and tower foundation job practices that is used for Gobi desert gravelly soil area of the present invention; It is characterized in that may further comprise the steps: preparation of construction, foundation ditch are drawn and are dug, assembling reinforcement and formwork, concreting, form removal, maintenance, site clearing and inspection of quality, it is characterized in that said foundation ditch is drawn to dig may further comprise the steps:
(1) strict size by the drawing regulation is drawn and is dug foundation ditch;
(2) draw according to foundation ditch and dig size and dig out open test pit earlier, the degree of depth is 100-600mm, answers repetition measurement to take measurements after open test pit digs, and continues excavation after adhering to specification again;
(3) foundation ditch is drawn in the process of digging control hole wall size, and the degree of depth is whenever dug 50mm and will be hung and once cheat the center, and whether measure the hole wall vertical;
(4) foundation ditch draw dig finish after, use transit, Sopwith staff foundation ditch to be carried out levelling, centering, and check each size; The step of said assembling reinforcement and formwork comprises: on-the-spot colligation steel bar stress in drawing the foundation ditch of the type of scraping out, formwork comprise that the template to the digging foundation concrete bearing platform supports with locating template to stone bolt to be supported;
The step of said form removal, maintenance and site clearing comprises: foundation ditch carries out basic maintenance after building end, is not less than 2.5MPa at concrete strength, and guarantees under the situation that concrete surface and corner angle do not damage; Form removal is carried out on the basis, during form removal from top to bottom, the delivery applications rope; Stack in the template set of pulling down, after the basic form removal, in time surface of base is carried out the presentation quality inspection; Qualified on inspection back wraps column with plastic sheeting carries out maintenance, promptly covers after foundation ditch is built, and begins water seasoning in 12 hours; Should add overcover at foundation forms during maintenance, the water seasoning time is no less than 5 round the clock.
The cubic metre of earth and stone that said foundation ditch is drawn in the process of digging should be cast the place beyond the foundation ditch pit edge 1m aside, and reliable safeguard procedures are set.
Said after concreting finishes, with straw bag the basis is covered immediately, prevent dry and crackedly, after the basis was cast and finished, the opening part template limit training one circle clay in the foundation ditch upper end, and compacting prevented that rainwater from infiltrating the hole wall.
Adopt method of the present invention when excavation soil property situation is relatively poor, adopt the measure of concrete guard wall, the degree of depth of every excavation 0.3-0.8 rice is just carried out the retaining wall operation, treats that breast wall concrete reaches the foundation ditch that carries out next section after the certain intensity again and draws and dig.
The present invention has following advantage:
Traditional in the work transmission line of Gobi desert gravelly soil stratum, the Northwest; Pole and tower foundation mainly is to adopt the board-like basis of steel concrete, comprises footing foundation and board-like right cylinder basis, and this basis is to the extremely well-adapted of geological conditions and basic role power; But applied range; But it fails to make full use of the good shearing resistance overturning or slip resistance analysis performance of Gobi desert area undisturbed soil, and material consumption is bigger, and worst is that foundation ditch draws that to dig workload big; Cause bigger destruction for the water and soil environment, particularly environment in recent years protection with a very important position in work transmission line is built.
Than footing foundation and board-like straight column type basis, full digging foundation all has tangible economic advantages; Requirement for the big load in 750kV common-tower double-return compact type electric power line pole tower basis relies on the footing foundation operating expenses of self gravitation the highest merely, and economic operation cost is maximum, and this type of basic pattern is not adopted in suggestion; Full digging foundation is compared with more board-like straight column type basis, and concrete amount practices thrift 35%, and rolled steel dosage is practiced thrift more than 50%, and the construction total cost is practiced thrift more than 30%, has good and economic.
Say that from the environmental protection angle construction operation face of full digging foundation is less, and is very little to the destructiveness of natural resource; And footing foundation or board-like straight column type basis need the backfill of better quality requirement simultaneously owing to the bigger construction operation face of the bigger needs of self size, and it destroys more serious to the fragile natural resource in Gobi desert area, be unfavorable for requirement on environmental protection.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is according to the full digging foundation foundation pit construction flow chart in Gobi desert rubble of the present invention area;
Fig. 2 is a sketch map of drawing the foundation ditch shape of digging according to method of the present invention.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment the present invention is further specified.
1, preparation of construction
Mainly comprise conventional preparation project, the preparation of for example construction technology preparation, raw material preparation and construction appliance etc.
2, foundation ditch is drawn and is dug
It is following that the foundation ditch of full digging foundation is drawn the process of digging:
1. digging foundation should strict press the size excavation on the drawing, stable with the soil that maintains the original state, forbid conveniently arbitrarily strengthening cross section diameter in order to cut the earth and the hole dark, and cause the increase of amount of concrete and the destruction of undisturbed soil;
2. to adopt the hand excavation be main for digging foundation construction, draws according to foundation ditch and dig size and dig out open test pit earlier, and the about 300mm of the degree of depth answers the repetition measurement size after open test pit digs, can continue after adhering to specification to excavate again;
3. when excavation soil property situation was relatively poor, foundation ditch was drawn to dig and is difficult to moulding, must adopt safety measures such as concrete guard wall, prevents that the earthwork is caved in the digging process, guarantees to cheat down safety work, guarantees that construction safety carries out smoothly; Take the basic foundation ditch of retaining wall mode to draw when digging, just should carry out retaining wall when every cutting depth is 0.5-0.8 rice, treat that breast wall concrete reaches the foundation ditch that carries out next section after the certain intensity again and draws and dig.
4. draw the shape that scrapes out the hole and directly have influence on workmanship and the concrete side of casting amount, therefore, foundation ditch is drawn and is wanted duty to measure inspection in the process of digging, and is lost shape in the position, hole, controls well and cheats the wall size, whenever digs 500mm and will hang the center of once cheating deeply.
If can not get into next procedure construction after 5. foundation ditch is drawn and dug at once, draw and dig body portion and should temporarily not draw and dig, treat basic formwork before, draw again and dig with smooth;
6. after foundation ditch has dug, must carry out levelling, centering to foundation ditch, and check each size with transit, Sopwith staff.
Foundation ditch draw in the process of digging should points for attention:
1. because the on-the-spot dust storm in Gobi desert area is big; Foundation ditch is drawn the cubic metre of earth and stone in the process of digging should cast foundation ditch pit edge 1m (full digging foundation must cast aside the end, hole draw dig part edge 1m) aside in addition; And reliable safeguard procedures are arranged, to prevent causing the personal safety accident in the spoir landing foundation ditch;
2. basic hole moulding is adopted manual work to draw and is dug, and should take the necessary security measure, and particularly reaming part will someone be guarded on the hole, and personnel take care in the hole, and the site operation personnel must all correctly wear safety helmet; The field operation personnel must not have a rest in the hole;
3. the hole is dark lays ladder so that up and down above 1.5m is appropriate to the occasion, prevents that mainly the constructor from trampling hole wall rubble in the foundation ditch process up and down, causes hole wall rubble unstability to come off, and influences the size of full digging foundation moulding;
4. draw in the process of digging at foundation ditch, if run into the rainy day, drainage will be carried out in the end, hole; Must not ponding, and be shaped to the basis at foundation ditch and build during this period of time, must above near coal-mine, build rainproof tarpaulin; Excavated draining trench around near coal-mine, prevented that the immersion of foundation ditch rainwater from causing landslide.
The foundation ditch of the full digging foundation of Gobi desert area gravelly soil is drawn the process of digging and is seen shown in Figure 2.
3, assembling reinforcement and formwork
Assembling reinforcement mainly refers to on-the-spot colligation steel bar stress in drawing the foundation ditch of the type of scraping out, and formwork is primarily aimed at the locating template with stone bolt of building of digging foundation concrete bearing platform.
4, concreting
The work progress of concreting is following: 1. filler in proper order: water-cement-sand-stone.2. the basis is built and will be carried out continuously, must not be interrupted, and be interrupted above after 2 hours for some reason the centre; Must not continue to build; Must treat that concrete crushing strength reaches after the 1.18MPa, will be interrupted the contact surface hacking, clean, water one deck and concrete cement mortar earlier, and then continue to build with sample ingredient.3. build finish after, with straw bag the basis is covered immediately, prevent dry and cracked.
The measure that prevents voids and pits in the work progress of concreting is following: 1. stone reduces 15% in the concrete of intersection, suitably increases cement and prolongs mixing time, to improve concrete workability; 2. the intersection adopts artificial spade reinforced, and personnel go into mould and make firm by ramming, and the outside builds up domaticly in template, continues normally to build again; 3. remove the unnecessary concrete of outer side slope after the upper strata is built and finished again, vibrator is not crossed shake, is leaked and smash; 4. after the basis is cast and finished, require Bottle-mouth die edges of boards training one circle clay, and compacting, prevent that rainwater from infiltrating the hole wall; 5. basic end face does not allow quadric-plastering, waters the back 30～40 minutes, should end face be received slurry, troweling, levelling.
5, form removal, maintenance, site clearing
Basic maintenance should be carried out by regulation after casting end in the basis, is not less than 2.5MPa at concrete strength, and guarantees under the situation that concrete surface and corner angle do not damage form removal to be carried out on the basis; Should forbid to prize firmly, pound firmly or hard draw from top to bottom during form removal, the delivery applications rope, the template of pulling down should be concentrated stacking; After the form removal of basis, should in time carry out the presentation quality inspection to surface of base, qualified on inspection back wraps column with plastic sheeting carries out maintenance.
Promptly cover after water on the basis, begin water seasoning in 12 hours,, when drying has wind, should in 3 hours, carry out water seasoning, should add overcover at foundation forms during maintenance when weather is hot; The number of times that waters is with moistening being advisable of frequent maintenance concrete surface, and the water seasoning time is no less than 5 round the clock; Like weather cold (temperature is lower than 5 ℃), anti-frost protection is carried out on the reply basis.
Patent of the present invention is to Gobi desert gravelly soil stratum, the Northwest; First full digging foundation is successfully applied in the 750kV common-tower double-return compact type work transmission line pole and tower foundation; And successfully carried out the research of component on site construction method in area, Jiuquan, northwest; Form the complete construction technology method standard of a cover, can in the 750kV of the Northwest common-tower double-return compact type work transmission line, obtain application.
The present invention has been described according to preferred embodiment.Obviously, reading and understanding above-mentioned detailed description postscript and can make multiple correction and replacement.What this invention is intended to is that the application is built into all these corrections and the replacement that has comprised within the scope that falls into appended claims book or its equivalent.
Claims (5)
1. one kind is used for the regional pole and tower foundation job practices of Gobi desert gravelly soil; It is characterized in that may further comprise the steps: preparation of construction, foundation ditch are drawn and are dug, assembling reinforcement and formwork, concreting, form removal, maintenance, site clearing and inspection of quality, it is characterized in that said foundation ditch is drawn to dig may further comprise the steps:
(1) strict size by the drawing regulation is drawn and is dug foundation ditch;
(2) draw according to foundation ditch and dig size and dig out open test pit earlier, the degree of depth is 100-600mm, and open test pit digs the back repetition measurement and takes measurements, and continues excavation after adhering to specification again;
(3) foundation ditch is drawn control hole wall size in the process of digging, and the degree of depth is whenever dug 50mm and hung the center of once cheating, and whether measure the hole wall vertical;
(4) foundation ditch draw dig finish after, use transit, Sopwith staff foundation ditch to be carried out levelling, centering, and check each size;
The step of said assembling reinforcement and formwork comprises: on-the-spot colligation steel bar stress in drawing the foundation ditch of the type of scraping out, formwork comprise that the locating template that the template to the digging foundation concrete bearing platform supports with stone bolt supports;
The step of said form removal, maintenance and site clearing comprises: foundation ditch carries out basic maintenance after building end, is not less than 2.5MPa at concrete strength, and guarantees under the situation that concrete surface and corner angle do not damage; Form removal is carried out on the basis, from top to bottom, transmitted and use rope during form removal; Stack in the template set of pulling down, after the basic form removal, in time surface of base is carried out the presentation quality inspection; Qualified on inspection back wraps column with plastic sheeting carries out maintenance, promptly covers after foundation ditch is built, and begins water seasoning in 12 hours; Add overcover at foundation forms during maintenance, the water seasoning time is no less than 5 round the clock.
2. the cubic metre of earth and stone that the method for claim 1, said foundation ditch are drawn in the process of digging is cast the place beyond the foundation ditch pit edge 1m aside, and reliable safeguard procedures are set.
3. according to claim 1 or claim 2 method is said after concreting finishes, and with straw bag the basis is covered immediately, prevents dry and crackedly, and after the basis was cast and finished, the opening part template limit training one circle clay in the foundation ditch upper end, and compacting prevented that rainwater from infiltrating the hole wall.
4. method as claimed in claim 3 when excavation soil property situation is relatively poor, adopts the measure of concrete guard wall, and the degree of depth of every excavation 0.3-0.8 rice is just carried out the retaining wall operation, treats that breast wall concrete reaches the foundation ditch that carries out next section after the certain intensity again and draws and dig.
5. according to claim 1 or claim 2 method when excavation soil property situation is relatively poor, adopts the measure of concrete guard wall, and the degree of depth of every excavation 0.3-0.8 rice is just carried out the retaining wall operation, treats that breast wall concrete reaches the foundation ditch that carries out next section after the certain intensity again and draws and dig.
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN2008102264460A CN101446088B (en) | 2008-11-11 | 2008-11-11 | Construction method for pole and tower foundation in Gobi Desert gravelly soil area |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
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| CN2008102264460A CN101446088B (en) | 2008-11-11 | 2008-11-11 | Construction method for pole and tower foundation in Gobi Desert gravelly soil area |
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| CN101446088A CN101446088A (en) | 2009-06-03 |
| CN101446088B true CN101446088B (en) | 2012-03-28 |
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| CN102817380B (en) * | 2012-02-20 | 2015-03-11 | 中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所 | Measure for enhancing electric transmission line tower footing frozen soil foundation stability |
| FR3011012B1 (en) * | 2013-09-26 | 2015-11-13 | Pomagalski Sa | ANCHORING DEVICE AND METHOD FOR MECHANICAL RIDER AND LINE PYLONE RESTORATION FOUNDATIONS COMPRISING SUCH A DEVICE |
| CN104988941B (en) * | 2015-05-21 | 2017-02-22 | 中国化学工程第三建设有限公司 | Large bearing platform type foundation hanging formwork and construction method thereof |
| CN107476327B (en) * | 2017-08-31 | 2019-06-28 | 中国电建集团河南工程有限公司 | Narrow base list column step foundation construction method |
| CN108104150A (en) * | 2017-11-30 | 2018-06-01 | 中国电力科学研究院有限公司 | Transmission tower cast-in-situ reinforced concrete hollow borehole class basis and its construction method |
| CN108343082A (en) * | 2018-02-27 | 2018-07-31 | 国网山东省电力公司泗水县供电公司 | A kind of foundation construction method of high pressure shaft tower |
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| CN113529778A (en) * | 2021-07-20 | 2021-10-22 | 中铁三局集团有限公司 | Construction method for foundation of electric power iron tower in plateau area |
| CN114457838A (en) * | 2022-02-28 | 2022-05-10 | 北京城建集团有限责任公司 | Construction scheme for cableway foundation |
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