CN101445842A - Manufacturing method of double-faced waterproofing pile-face dual-purpose leather of indumentum and leather boards - Google Patents
Manufacturing method of double-faced waterproofing pile-face dual-purpose leather of indumentum and leather boards Download PDFInfo
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- CN101445842A CN101445842A CN 200810204606 CN200810204606A CN101445842A CN 101445842 A CN101445842 A CN 101445842A CN 200810204606 CN200810204606 CN 200810204606 CN 200810204606 A CN200810204606 A CN 200810204606A CN 101445842 A CN101445842 A CN 101445842A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a manufacturing method of double-faced waterproofing pile-face dual-purpose leather of indumentum and leather boards; the method comprises three parts that: manufacturing process of the pile-face dual-purpose crust leather and waterproofing treatment of the leather boards, the process of dyeing, retanning and stuffing, and indumentum waterproofing process. The physical and chemical indexes, specialty chemical index, waterproofing index, anti-washing index and dry cleaning resistant index of the manufactured double-faced waterproofing pile-face dual-purpose leather of indumentum and leather boards are all in accordance with international or industrial standards.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the making method of two kinds of leather of hair leather, relate in particular to a kind of making method of double-faced waterproofing pile-face both fur and leather leather.
Background technology
In modern leather industry, system fur coat and the interpenetrative degree of tanning technology are increasing, and to being the stage that Qiu Shige, Fei Qiufei leather is difficult to boundary, the both fur and leather leather is typical case's representative of this product to many products.The both fur and leather leather integrates leather, Qiu Fengge, its technology collection process hides and fur manufacturing are one, be the renewal product and the high value added product of fur, has wide potential market, turnout and export volume are rise trend always in recent years, are the main directions of for some time fur product development from now on.
The hair leather goods refer generally to the versicolor light face or the velour that utilize the lamb skin flesh noodles to make in the past, and fleece can be made into shades of colour, various types of multi-purpose life goods simultaneously.Its select skin, processing, making all will be strict in selecting materials of fur making, and preceding complete processing approaches the technological process of fur, produce half-finished blank leather; After-processing technology carries out the covering with paint technological process that flour milling, covering with paint etc. are comparable to leather, is that work in-process fur leather flesh noodles is made the look unfamiliar finished product of output both fur and leather goods of light.Point out at QG1261-1991 " fur industry term compilation " standard 4.2.6 bar: " this kind blank is in order to make plate towards outer clothes; the title matte both fur and leather fur of plate face mill napping, is called light face both fur and leather fur with what finishing agent was processed into the smooth leather face in the plate face meat ".Point out simultaneously at QG/T2262-1996 " leather industry term " standard 4.4.8 bar: " the both fur and leather leather be hair side by the fur ornamenting, the leather of flesh finish or napping, one side is a fur coat, another side is a leather.Can use on the two sides.”
The hair leather goods are a kind of products that are different from fur, leather skin fully.Hair leather clothes also are to be different from leatherwear, have individual style, novel structure, and attractive in appearance, the characteristics such as color is various of collection leather skin have the multiple advantage products such as insulation of blank again.From the complete processing of hair leather goods, the manufacture craft of hair leather clothes or the like aspect its exclusive characteristics are arranged all.The hair leather goods are that blank, light leather surface are made on same skin base, are different from the product that pastes hair on the market fully.
Along with development of technology, hair leather range of product increases fast, and technology content is advanced by leaps and bounds especially.Except that sheep's wool leather, slunks, cunning sub-skin, beaver rabbit skin, seal skin, mink skin, the calf fur leather production development impetus are fierce.It is the hair leather preparation production method of raw material with horse skin and calf skin that Chinese invention patent application 90110222.9 discloses a kind of.The hair of hair leather product also has been endowed multiple patterns such as frost on true qualities, monochrome, the grass, gradual change look, a mao are double-colored, gentle breeze effect, and various solid patterns such as by mechanical workout fleece being made shorn velvet are also arranged; The dermatotome face has through the light face of covering with paint, lacquer, colour wash, etc., without the matte of covering with paint, lacquer, colour wash, etc., and makes the product of the styles such as facecloth, denim of textile-like in addition, and the effect product emerges in an endless stream.
" dermatotome, fleece double-faced waterproofing pile-face both fur and leather leather " is to have good hygiene performance and water-repellancy, and the high-grade fur products that easily maintains.But the research of all at present waterproof leathers all is confined to the waterproof method research of dermatotome, to the research of waterproof both fur and leather skin seldom, the matte both fur and leather leather of fleece, dermatotome double-faced waterproofing is done method research still belong to blank.
Domesticly carried out recent two decades about leather water-proof research, Chinese invention patent application 92112876.2 discloses a kind of waterproof leather manufacture method, its liming of at first natural leather being soaked; Fleshing then; Then carry out deliming, glycolysis, pickling and chrome tanning, obtain wet blue; Water squeezing afterwards, cut apart, split and cut in; Wet blue dyeing after in will cutting again; Place at last, dry Chinese invention patent 99812439.7 discloses a kind of leather water-proof treatment process, mainly is that a semi-permeable membranes of being made by urethane is pressed on the leather internal surface.Type according to the leather water-proof making method can be divided into dead front type and style of opening.Dead front type waterproof system realizes the leather water-proof purpose by the mode of stopping up fibre gap; Opening waterproof system then is to realize the waterproof purpose by the surface tension that reduces fiber.Opening liquid-tight manner is to adopt the interfacial chemistry principle, and WATER REPELLENT does not influence product ventilation property and permeability to water vapour etc., has low thermal conductivity.The realization of dermatotome waterproof at present mainly leans against retanning stuffing operation and adds that water-resisting agent finishes, waterproof currying agent has the group and the active group of many low surface tensions, they after being penetrated into leather inside by being arranged in around the fiber in the mode of tight parcel with the Chemical bond of hide fiber, thereby reduce leather fiber surface and inner surface tension, reach waterproof effect.This method is by controlling whole manufacturing process system, and to reach final waterproof effect, its technical essential can be summarized as follows:
(1) selects fresh wet blue;
(2) fully degreasing;
(3) use nothing illiteracy is limited or is slightly covered the chrome tanning agent of limiting, and chrome tanning agent is wanted uniform distribution and abundant fixing;
Avoid using the tensio-active agent series products when (4) returning wet, dyeing, because the surface words property agent that residues in the leather bring disadvantageous effect will for the dermatotome water-repellancy;
(5) thoroughly neutralization must be permeated fully neutralizing agent on otch, and particularly dyestuff and dubbin are permeated well to guarantee all change material.For very thick leather, need neutralization to spend the night to improve water resistance, 45-50 ℃ of Wen Tizhi are bathed in neutralization in addition, increase mechanical effect, and selective permeability can help to neutralize completely by good neutralizing agent;
(6) strengthen washing, remove a large amount of hydrophilic inorganic salt that exists in the leather;
(7) select retanning filler for use with waterproof action, few with many retanning agents of hydrophilic radical such as band sulfonic group, sulfates;
(8) auxiliary agent that uses wetting ability too strong is avoided the time in dyeing, needs careful usefulness to be used for level dyeing or add the levelling agent and the laking agent of shade;
(9) before Waterproof Leather begins sour fixing, should check the situation that exhausts of body lotion, it is good to guarantee that dyestuff and dubbin absorb, and answers gradation to add slow acid and reduces the pH value, particularly when beginning, should add a spot of acid earlier and fix;
(10) adopt fatting agent stuffing with waterproof effect;
(11) in order to reach best waterproof effect, appropriate drying is very important.The most Utopian way is that the leather complete drying gets damp again then, and it is enough in general to be dried to water content 8%-10%, but must guarantee exsiccant unanimity on the whole otch, and is not only surface drying.The water resistance of leather and water content have certain relation, and the leather water content is high more, and then wetting ability is strong more, stable along with the volatilization of moisture and hydrophobic structure, and the water-repellancy of the leather of Waterproof Leather after especially emulsion-type waterproofing agent is handled increases obviously.
At present, anti-wate research still belongs to blank to fleece both at home and abroad, does not yet have a kind of water-resisting agent that is specifically designed to fur fleece waterproof on the market now.The fleece of fur is identical starting material with the hair fibre of wool industry, can use the water-resisting agent of wool industry theoretically, but these water-resisting agents are little to the avidity of hair fibre, wool industry normally is applied to water-resisting agent on the fabric by padding, and bakes (baking more than 140 ℃ usually) by high temperature more afterwards water-resisting agent is solidificated on the hair fibre.But the fleece WATER REPELLENT of both fur and leather skin can not be indiscriminately imitated the waterproof method of textile industry wool fabric again, its reason is as follows: 1) fleece and dermatotome connect together, be subjected to the influence of dermatotome thermostability, baking temperature should not be above 70 ℃, under low like this temperature, water-resisting agent is difficult to be fixed on the hair fibre; 2) fleece is the thick fiber of one deck, hair fibre is long and close, be that fleece has certain thickness, at least more than the 10mm, the thickest fleece thickness can reach 100mm, when the method that adopts high temperature to bake fixedly during water-resisting agent, the water-resisting agent on fleece top layer is fixed, and the water-resisting agent of fleece deep layer still can't be fixed; 3) under the high temperature hyther, the scale of wool fiber can be damaged, and the microgroove of many gullies shape can occur on the top layer of scale, and the coarse water droplet that can reduce of this non-nano level is in its surperficial velocity of flow, and the water effect is refused in influence.
Other heating fixing meanss as: hot iron, infrared drying method also all are that heat is passed to inside from the heating object outside, and the temperature at object center is raise, and are referred to as indirect heating.This type of heating rate of heating is slow, time is long, damage to dermatotome and fleece upper strata is big, energy consumption is big and heat inhomogeneous, therefore adopt hot iron or infrared drying method fixedly during the water-resisting agent of fleece, the also fixing water-resisting agent on fleece top layer, that is: the fleece skin is dried earlier, and then drying layer moves in gradually.This method makes the hair fibre flavescence on fleece top layer easily, and dermatotome also shrinks extremely easily.It is dry to adopt the nature extension to dry, because temperature is low, can not make water-resisting agent in the effective film forming in hair fibre surface, and waterproof effect is poor.
Summary of the invention
One object of the present invention is to provide a kind of fleece, dermatotome double-faced waterproofing pile-face both fur and leather leather making method, comprise matte both fur and leather leather base manufacture craft, dermatotome WATER REPELLENT and dyeing, retanning, stuffing technology and fleece waterproof manufacture craft three parts, realized the preparation of the matte both fur and leather leather of fleece, dermatotome double-faced waterproofing.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of fleece, dermatotome double-faced waterproofing pile-face both fur and leather leather making method, by steps such as dyeing, retanning, stuffing and use waterproof currying agents, cooperation realizes dermatotome waterproof purpose with order before and after each step in the manufacture craft, has simplified the dermatotome complete processing.
Another purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of fleece, dermatotome double-faced waterproofing pile-face both fur and leather leather making method, on the basis of matte both fur and leather skin base making method, adopt to flood in the paddle-tumble and apply the hair fibre water-resisting agent, adopt microwave heating technique that water-resisting agent is fixed on and realize the fleece waterproof on the hair fibre, the scale of wool fiber is exempted from heating and is damaged, and has solved the problem that water-resisting agent is difficult to be fixed on the hair fibre and the water-resisting agent of fleece deep layer still can't be fixed.
Producer's difference, the technology of its preparation matte both fur and leather skin base is also slightly variant, but the skin base that is to use the central any matte both fur and leather skin base manufacture craft of routine techniques to make passes through dermatotome WATER REPELLENT of the present invention and dyeing, retanning, stuffing processes earlier, through after the processing of fleece waterproof manufacture craft, can make fleece, dermatotome double-faced waterproofing pile-face both fur and leather leather equally again.The technology of the different producers in preparation matte both fur and leather skin base process is slightly different, and the nuance in the middle of these common process is not as the foundation that limits technical solution of the present invention.In order to make the better fleece of water resistance, dermatotome double-faced waterproofing pile-face both fur and leather leather, matte both fur and leather skin base manufacture craft flow process of the present invention is: select that the skin group is criticized, immersion again, degreasing, fleshing, secondary degreasing, multiple immersion, softening, pickling, secondary fleshing, depickling, tanning, water mill, neutralization, stuffing, drying, commentaries on classics wood chaff, rotating cage, do shovel, mill skin, dry grinding and deburring.
The dermatotome water-proof treatment technology generally comprise dye dermatotome, wash loose colour, retanning, neutralization, waterproof stuffing and the extension drying and other steps of drying in the air again.For the dyeing that realizes better dermatotome waterproof effect and realize fleece, dermatotome double-faced waterproofing pile-face both fur and leather leather simultaneously, dermatotome WATER REPELLENT of the present invention and dyeing, retanning, stuffing technical process are followed successively by: ease back, dye fleece, retanning again, neutralize, dye dermatotome again, wash loose colour, hang dry dry, waterproof stuffing, hang dry dry, arrangement at last.The step that wherein " eases back " is consistent with prior art, must be in the first step of technology.
Fleece water-proof treatment technology flow process of the present invention is: soak the fleece water-resisting agent, the fixing water-resisting agent of mangle, dermatotome preliminarily dried, microwave again, arrangement.
A kind of concrete matte both fur and leather skin base making method
1. select the skin group to criticize: select after birth a couple of days raw material skin that slaughter, fresh, that proterties is close to form to produce batch, this is relatively uniform and stable product is most important for obtaining quality.
2. immersion
Equipment: paddle-tumble (conventional equipment, self-control)
Liquor ratio: 10
Water temperature: normal temperature
Penetrating agent JFC (second auxiliary factory, Shanghai): 0.5-1g/L
Sterilant 40 (Shanghai is towards tinkling of pieces of jade company): 0.3-0.4g/L
Time: 60 minutes
Operation: mix up the water yield, add penetrating agent JFC and sterilant 40, wait to draw even back and throw a skin, per half an hour, paddling was 5～10 minutes.
3. degreasing
Water temperature: 35 ℃
The excellent husky OD of nation of grease-removing agent (BASF): 1g/L
Time: 60 minutes
Operation: mix up the water temperature water yield, add the excellent husky OD of nation of grease-removing agent, draw even back and throw skin.
4. fleshing
Operation: use earlier the fleshing machine fleshing, perching knife fleshing by hand removes cutability slag and grease again, requires the dermatotome thin and thick even, shovels and does not hinder dermatotome.
5. secondary degreasing
Water temperature: 35 ℃
The excellent husky OD of nation of grease-removing agent (BASF): 2g/L
Soda ash: 0.5g/L
Soaking enzyme APC (TFL company): 0.5g/L
Time: 60 minutes
Operation: mix up the water temperature water yield, add above-mentionedization material, draw and spare, throw skin, the specified time of paddling.
6. soak again
Water temperature: normal temperature
Salt: 30g/L
Penetrating agent JFC (second auxiliary factory, Shanghai): 0.5g/L
Sterilant 40 (Shanghai is towards tinkling of pieces of jade company): 0.5g/L
Time: spend the night
Operation: mix up the water yield, add above-mentionedization material, draw even back and throw skin.Spend the night, during paddling intermittently.Require to soak again end back dermatotome and get back to the fresh hide state fully.
7. softening
Water temperature: 35 ℃
Salt: 60g/L
Formic acid: 1～1.5ml/L
Acid bating enzyme SR (Lao Ensitan company): 2.5-3g/L
Operation: mix up the water temperature water yield, with salt, draw even back and throw skin, formic acid melts the back with cold water and adds, and adjust pH adds acidicenzym SR after two hours about 3.Look softening degree morning next day and consider whether to mend temperature or prolong the softening time, softening process needs the diligent situation of checking dermatotome and hair, pushes away the part between the ribs and the hips portion hairiness with have gentle hands and comes off slightly that i.e. explanation is softening to be finished, and changes pickling procedure immediately over to.
8. pickling (in softening the bath, carrying out)
Water temperature: 30 ℃
Salt: 20g/L
Sulfuric acid: 1g/L
Time: spend the night
Operation: mix up water temperature, add salt and transfer degree Beaume to 6-7, sulfuric acid melts the back with cold water and adds, and transfers to about pH2.0, spends the night.Take horse next day and left standstill one day, purpose is make the acid infiltration more even.
9. depickling
Water temperature: 30 ℃
Salt: 50g/L
Sodium thiosulfate: 20-30g/L
The excellent husky OD of nation of grease-removing agent (BASF): 2g/L
Sodium formiate: 2g/L
Sodium bicarbonate: 2～4g/L
Soda ash: 0.5～1g/L
Time: 6～8h
Operation: mix up the water temperature water yield, add salt, sodium thiosulfate, grease-removing agent, draw even back and throw skin, add sodium formiate, paddling 20min, add sodium bicarbonate, add at twice after sodium bicarbonate is melted, each 20min at interval, add soda ash, soda ash is melted the back divide 3 addings, each 30min at interval carries about pH value to 6.5.
10. tanning
Water temperature: 30 ℃
Salt: 50g/L
Penetrating agent JFC (second auxiliary factory, Shanghai): 1g/L
Mating type synthetic fat liquor PSE (BASF): 2g/L
Formic acid: 0.8ml/L
Reveal smooth CRN (aluminium chromium dosed tanning agent, Al
2O
314%, Cr
2O
33%, basicity 20%, BASF AG): 3g/L
A type chromium powder (Cr
2O
3Content 24%, basicity 34%, brother company): 14g/L (adding each 7g/L at twice)
Sodium formiate: 2g/L
Sodium bicarbonate: 4g/L (dividing four addings, each 1g/L)
Operate: mix up the water temperature water yield,, wait to draw even back and throw a skin, formic acid is melted adding after 1 hour with cold water, about adjust pH to 3.5 with salt, JFC, PSE.Add CRN after 1h, add chromium powder behind the 30min for the first time, added chromium powder for the second time after 1 hour, paddling spent the night in 1 hour, required pH value 3.0.Carry alkali next day, carry pH to 3.8 (carrying once) with sodium formiate, sodium bicarbonate successively, spend the night every 20min.Early be warming up to 35 ℃ next day, go out skin afternoon and take horse and leave standstill.
11. water mill: adopt the levigator water mill, make the dermatotome flesh noodles bright and clean flat thin by water mill.Should notice during water mill that the opposite side belly will gently grind,, can suitably grind heavy neck and spine in case expose hair root.
12. neutralization
Water temperature: 40 ℃
Penetrating agent JFC: 1g/L
Alkanoic PF (Sima company): 2g/L
Sodium formiate: 4g/L (adding each 2g/L at twice)
Sodium bicarbonate: 3g/L (dividing three addings, each 1g/L)
Operation: mix up the water temperature water yield, add penetrating agent JFC and alkanoic PF, draw the even skin of throwing, use sodium formiate, sodium bicarbonate (every 20min once) to carry pH to 6.5 after 1 hour successively.Leave standstill 4 hours after washings and go out skin.
13. stuffing
Water temperature: 55 ℃
Fatting agent CNS (TFL, sulfation natural fats and oils): 2g/L
Fatting agent MK (TFL, sulphiting natural fats and oils and synthetic fat liquor): 3g/L
Mating type synthetic fat liquor PSE (BASF): 3g/L
Formic acid: 1ml/L
Operation: mix up the water temperature water yield, throw skin, add after CNS, PSE, 60 ℃ of warm water emulsifications of MK with 1:4, add fixedly grease of formic acid behind the 2h, go out skin and take horse behind 1h, next day, extension dried in the air.
14. change wooden chaff
15. change the silk cage
16. do shovel
17. mill skin (grinding soft)
18. dry grinding (napping)
19. deburring
Dermatotome WATER REPELLENT and dyeing, retanning, stuffing
1. dye fleece
Water temperature: 60～65 ℃
Leveling agent d P (the general rich company in Beijing): 0.5-0.7g/L
Salt: 5-10g/L
Dye a mao dyestuff: Xg/L (color that consumption and color are dyed according to needs and decide)
Formic acid: 1g/L
Operation: mix up the water temperature water yield, add levelling agent, salt and draw even back and throw skin, draw and add dyestuff after 15 minutes, dyestuff melts the back with hot water and adds, and adds formic acid 0.5g/L fixation after 1 hour, and paddling added formic acid 0.5g/L in 30 minutes again, paddling washing in 30 minutes again.The usage quantity of salt or formic acid can not limit the present invention.
2. retanning
Water temperature: 32-35 ℃
Penetrating agent JFC: 0.5-0.7g/L
Mating type synthetic fat liquor PSE (BASF AG): 3-4g/L salt: 20g/L
Formic acid: 0.5g/L
A type chromium powder (Cr
2O
3Content 24%, basicity 34%, brother company): 8-10g/L
Sodium formiate: 2-2.5g/L
Sodium bicarbonate: 1～2g/L
Operation: mix up the water temperature water yield, add permeate agent and PSE (PSE melts with warm water), throw skin.With salt and formic acid, (note) about adjust pH to 3.0 after 1 hour earlier with the order that adds formic acid after the salt.Add chromium powder after 30 minutes, begin to carry alkali after two hours to pH value about 4.0, temperature raising to 35 ℃ is spent the night.The usage quantity of salt, formic acid, sodium formiate or sodium bicarbonate can not limit the present invention.
3. neutralization
Water temperature: 40 ℃
Penetrating agent JFC: 0.5g/L
Sodium formiate: 2g/L
Sodium bicarbonate: 2g/L (adding each 1g/L at twice)
The smooth nurse NA of neutralizing agent (BASF has level dyeing and buffering effect): 2-2.5g/L
Operation: mix up the water temperature water yield, add JFC, throw skin, be neutralized to pH value (sodium formiate melts with warm water, and sodium bicarbonate melts with cold water, and every interval added once in 20 minutes) about 6.5 with sodium formiate, sodium bicarbonate successively.Jia Tanmu NA, 90 minutes after washings of paddling go out skin.The usage quantity of sodium formiate or sodium bicarbonate can not limit the present invention.
4. dye dermatotome
Water temperature: normal temperature
Emulsifying agent LPK-E (emulsification, dispersion, degreasing are arranged, go back to wet effect, BASF AG): 0.5-0.7g/L dyes dermatotome dyestuff: Yg/L (color that consumption and color are dyed according to needs and decide)
Mating type synthetic fat liquor PSE (BASF): 2g/L
Formic acid: 1g/L
Operation: mix up the water yield, add LPK-E, draw even back and throw skin, paddling 15 minutes adds dyestuff, dyestuff earlier with behind a small amount of cold water furnishing pasty state with the hot water dissolving, stir evenly adding.Add PSE after 2 hours, paddling added formic acid after 60 minutes, and 0.2g/L after 30 minutes, adds 0.8g/L for the second time for the first time, after 30 minutes, and draining.Dyestuff only plays the painted effect of dermatotome; The formic acid usage quantity can not limit the present invention.
5. wash loose colour:
Use normal-temperature water, washed 10 minutes, go out skin, take horse, next day, extension dried dry.Dermatotome and fleece must be parched, make chemical materials in conjunction with firm.
6. extension dries dry
Extension dries the dry time and was controlled at 7～10 days.
7. waterproof stuffing
Water temperature: 50～55 ℃
Waterproof currying agent PF4700 (there is water-proof function in 3M company): 5-8g/L
Polymkeric substance softening agent SOF (there is water-proof function in TFL company): 3-5g/L
Mating type synthetic fat liquor PSE (BASF AG): 3-5g/L
Formic acid: 2ml/L
Operation: mix up the water temperature water yield, throw subcutaneous groove, PF4700 is melted the back with 60 ℃ of warm water of 1: 4 to add, paddling also used 60 ℃ of warm water of 1: 4 to melt adding SOF and PSE after 30 minutes, after 30 minutes, added the solid fat of formic acid, formic acid divides four addings, each 15 minutes at interval, add acid and finish to go out after 30 minutes skin and take horse and leave standstill, dry next day.The formic acid usage quantity can not limit the present invention.
8. extension dries dry
9. arrangement
The fleece WATER REPELLENT
1. apply the fleece water-resisting agent
Equipment: paddle-tumble
Temperature: normal temperature
Liquor ratio: 10
Water-resisting agent: fluorine prime system polyacrylic water-refusing oil-refusing finishing agent Advanproof WRC-LT (Hong Kong pioneer company limited) 5～10g/L
Operation: give in the paddle-tumble to add water, add water-resisting agent, draw and spare, fur is dipped in the water repellent solution, paddling two hours goes out skin.
2. mangle
Operation: adopt vertical type padding machine mangle, the surplus rate of mangle is about 70% (v/v).The surplus rate of described mangle is the surplus rate of liquid in the fur.
3. dermatotome drying
Operation: dermatotome is dried towards the plug-in nature that dries in the air.
4. fixing fleece water-resisting agent
Use microwave heating, temperature is controlled between 90-100 ℃, and the control line speed makes fur by microwave heating 1～3 minute.
Microwave heating is the hertzian wave vibration that utilizes the microwave drying high frequency alternately to change, make the moisture polarization in the fleece and follow microwave field and alternately change and vibrate, give birth to heat by the friction of intermolecular mutual fierceness, make heating object itself become heating element, be referred to as inner type of heating.This type of heating does not need heat conducting process, so can reach heats at short notice, and inside and outside heating simultaneously is heated evenly, drying from inside to outside, thereby realize that the suprategillar water-resisting agent of whole hair solidifies.
Microwave mode is the fleece water-resisting agent fixedly, and microwave equipment is a microwave generating apparatus, and its concrete parameter is slightly variant according to the model of equipment, and those of ordinary skill can be determined in conjunction with the suitable adjusting of the fixed effect of water-resisting agent.The concrete parameter of microwave equipment can not limit the present invention.
A kind of concrete embodiment is, the concrete parameter of microwave dryer (footwear material dry sterilizer, prestige micro-wave energy company limited of Guangdong section): microwave output power 〉=30KW, and microwave frequency 2450MHz transmits belt speed 0.5-5 meters/minutes, and is adjustable continuously.
Operation: the fleece of fur is tiled on the travelling belt by microwave dryer up, temperature is controlled between 90-100 ℃, the control line speed makes fur by microwave heating 1～3 minute.
The beneficial effect that technical solution of the present invention realizes:
To make through matte both fur and leather leather base, dermatotome WATER REPELLENT and dyeing, retanning, stuffing and fleece waterproof are made the fleece that makes after the three big processes, the matte both fur and leather leather of dermatotome double-faced waterproofing is measured and shown that the gained hair is removed from office and met every physical and chemical index, special chemical index, water-repellancy index, water-wash resistance index and dry cleaning resistance index.
To remove from office electron microscopic observation as seen through the fleece that makes after the making of matte both fur and leather leather base, dermatotome WATER REPELLENT and dyeing, retanning, stuffing and the fleece waterproof making three big processes, the matte both fur and leather of dermatotome double-faced waterproofing, the microgroove of many gullies shape significantly improves on the top layer scale of hair fibre.Adopt microwave heating technique that water-resisting agent is fixed on and has realized the fleece waterproof on the hair fibre, the scale of wool fiber is exempted from heating and is damaged, and has solved the problem that water-resisting agent is difficult to be fixed on the hair fibre and the water-resisting agent of fleece deep layer still can't be fixed.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 hair fibre is the outward appearance microgram before WATER REPELLENT;
Fig. 2 hair fibre is the outward appearance microgram after WATER REPELLENT.
Embodiment
Describe technical scheme of the present invention in detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, embodiment is only unrestricted in order to technical scheme of the present invention to be described, although the present invention is had been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiment, those of ordinary skill in the art is to be understood that, can make amendment or be equal to replacement the technical scheme of invention, and not breaking away from the spirit and scope of technical solution of the present invention, it all should be encompassed in the claim scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1 dermatotome WATER REPELLENT and dyeing, retanning, stuffing art breading
Matte both fur and leather skin base is carried out following art breading earlier:
1. dye fleece
Water temperature: 60～65 ℃
Leveling agent d P (general rich company): 0.5g/L
Salt: 10g/L
Dyestuff (incarnadining brown): the uncommon golden yellow GMK0.1g/L of power fur (Beijing skill company limited of general Boke) of the uncommon reddish brown R-OD 0.3g/L of power fur)
Formic acid: 1g/L
Operation: mix up the water temperature water yield, add levelling agent, salt and draw even back and throw skin, draw and add dyestuff after 15 minutes, dyestuff melts the back with hot water and adds, and adds formic acid 0.5g/L fixation after 1 hour, and paddling added formic acid 0.5g/L in 30 minutes again, paddling washing in 30 minutes again.The usage quantity of salt or formic acid can not limit the present invention.
2. retanning
Water temperature: 35 ℃
Penetrating agent JFC: 0.5g/L
Mating type synthetic fat liquor PSE (BASF AG): 3g/L
Salt: 20g/L
Formic acid: 0.5g/L
A type chromium powder (Cr
2O
3Content 24%, basicity 34%, brother company): 8g/L
Sodium formiate: 2g/L
Sodium bicarbonate: 1～2g/L
Operation: mix up the water temperature water yield, add permeate agent and PSE (PSE melts with warm water), throw skin.With salt and formic acid, (note) about adjust pH to 3.0 after 1 hour earlier with the order that adds formic acid after the salt.Add chromium powder after 30 minutes, begin to carry alkali after two hours to pH value about 4.0, temperature raising to 35 ℃ is spent the night.
3. neutralization
Water temperature: 40 ℃
Penetrating agent JFC: 0.5g/L
Sodium formiate: 2g/L
Sodium bicarbonate: 2g/L (adding each 1g/L at twice)
The smooth nurse NA of neutralizing agent (BASF): 2g/L
Operation: mix up the water temperature water yield, add JFC, throw skin, be neutralized to pH value (sodium formiate melts with warm water, and sodium bicarbonate melts with cold water, and every interval added once in 20 minutes) about 6.5 with sodium formiate, sodium bicarbonate successively.Jia Tanmu NA, 90 minutes after washings of paddling go out skin.
4. dye dermatotome
Water temperature: normal temperature
Emulsifying agent LPK-E (emulsification, dispersion, degreasing are arranged, go back to wet effect, BASF AG): 0.5g/L
Dyestuff (incarnadining brown): dye dermatotome dyestuff palm fibre RL 0.8g/L and dye dermatotome dyestuff orange GGC0.5g/L (BASF)
Mating type synthetic fat liquor PSE (BASF): 2g/L
Formic acid: 1g/L
Operation: mix up the water yield, add LPK-E, draw even back and throw skin, paddling 15 minutes adds dyestuff, dyestuff earlier with behind a small amount of cold water furnishing pasty state with the hot water dissolving, stir evenly adding.Add PSE after 2 hours, paddling added formic acid after 60 minutes, and 0.2g/L after 30 minutes, adds 0.8g/L for the second time for the first time, after 30 minutes, and draining.
5. wash loose colour:
Use normal-temperature water, washed 10 minutes, go out skin, take horse, next day, extension dried dry.Dermatotome and fleece must be parched, make chemical materials in conjunction with firm.
6. extension dries dry
Extension dries the dry time and was controlled at 7～10 days.
7. waterproof stuffing
Water temperature: 50～55 ℃
Waterproof currying agent PF4700 (3M company): 5g/L
Polymkeric substance softening agent SOF (TFL company): 3g/L
Mating type synthetic fat liquor PSE (BASF AG): 3g/L
Formic acid: 2ml/L
Operation: mix up the water temperature water yield, throw subcutaneous groove, PF4700 is melted the back with 60 ℃ of warm water of 1: 4 to add, paddling also used 60 ℃ of warm water of 1: 4 to melt adding SOF and PSE after 30 minutes, after 30 minutes, added the solid fat of formic acid, formic acid divides four addings, each 15 minutes at interval, add acid and finish to go out after 30 minutes skin and take horse and leave standstill, dry next day.The formic acid usage quantity can not limit the present invention.
8. extension dries dry
9. arrangement
Embodiment 2 fleece WATER REPELLENT
Prepared fur in the middle of the embodiment 1 is carried out following art breading:
1. apply the fleece water-resisting agent
Equipment: paddle-tumble
Temperature: normal temperature
Liquor ratio: 10
Water-resisting agent: fluorine prime system polyacrylic water-refusing oil-refusing finishing agent Advanproof WRC-LT (Hong Kong pioneer limited-liability company) 5～10g/L
Operation: give in the paddle-tumble to add water, add water-resisting agent, draw and spare, fur is dipped in the water repellent solution, paddling two hours goes out skin.
2. mangle
Operation: adopt vertical type padding machine mangle, the surplus rate of mangle is about 70% (v/v).The surplus rate of described mangle is the liquid in the fur.
3. dermatotome drying
Operation: dermatotome is dried towards the plug-in nature that dries in the air.
4. fixing fleece water-resisting agent
The concrete parameter of microwave dryer (footwear material dry sterilizer, prestige micro-wave energy company limited of Guangdong section): microwave output power 〉=30KW, microwave frequency 2450MHz transmits belt speed 0.5-5 meters/minutes, and is adjustable continuously.
Operation: the fleece of fur is tiled on the travelling belt of through type microwave dryer up, temperature is controlled at 95 ℃, the control line speed makes fur by microwave heating 2 minutes.
The matte both fur and leather leather of embodiment 3 fleeces, dermatotome double-faced waterproofing detects
Matte both fur and leather skin base is after embodiment 1 and embodiment 2 processes, and hair fibre at WATER REPELLENT front and back appearance change displaing micro picture as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2.
By Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 as seen, after matte both fur and leather leather is successively made three big processes through the making of matte both fur and leather leather base, dermatotome WATER REPELLENT and dyeing, retanning, stuffing and fleece waterproof, the microgroove of many gullies shape significantly improves on the top layer scale of hair fibre, hair fibre surface coverage one deck water repellency film, thereby what strengthened hair fibre refuses the water effect, has increased water droplet in its surperficial velocity of flow.
To carry out the mensuration of every physical and chemical index, special chemical index, water-repellancy index, water-wash resistance index and dry cleaning resistance index through the fleece that makes after the making of matte both fur and leather leather base, dermatotome WATER REPELLENT and dyeing, retanning, stuffing and the fleece waterproof making three big processes, the matte both fur and leather leather of dermatotome double-faced waterproofing.
The hair leather of matte both fur and leather skin base after embodiment 1 and embodiment 2 processes can reach following the key technical indexes:
(1) physical and chemical index meets both fur and leather industry standard QB/T2536-2007:
(2) special chemical index such as sexavalent chrome, azoic dyestuff, free formaldehyde content reach " the ecological leather products standard of corium standard " requirement.
(3) water-repellancy index
The fleece water-repellancy: shake hide with watering can distance about distance fleece 20cm gently to fleece spray tap water, the globule is easy to be shaken off, and fleece does not clearly get wet.
The dermatotome water-repellancy: on dermatotome, the globule can keep spherical impermeable more than 3 hours on the dermatotome with the globule about the crowded diameter 1cm of needle tubing.
3M company is to lakelet cashmere face hair leather dermatotome waterproofing tests result
(4) water-wash resistance index
Use 0.5g/L detergent for silk and wool solution in 35 ℃ of washings 10 minutes the clothes sheet material that is made into, dry in the shade, percentage reduction of area is 4.3%, i.e. percentage reduction of area≤6%.
(5) dry cleaning resistance index
With the clothes sheet material that is made into 20 times of zellons in 30 ℃ of washings 10 minutes, 60 ℃ of bakings are taken out after one hour and are dried.Percentage reduction of area 4.9%, i.e. percentage reduction of area≤6%.
Claims (7)
1, a kind of fleece, dermatotome double-faced waterproofing pile-face both fur and leather leather making method earlier through after dermatotome WATER REPELLENT and dyeing, retanning, the stuffing processes, is processed matte both fur and leather leather base again through fleece waterproof manufacture craft.
2, fleece according to claim 1, dermatotome double-faced waterproofing pile-face both fur and leather leather making method is characterized in that the complete processing that described matte both fur and leather leather base adopts is: select that the skin group is criticized, immersion again, degreasing, fleshing, secondary degreasing, multiple immersion, softening, pickling, secondary fleshing, depickling, tanning, water mill, neutralization, stuffing, drying, commentaries on classics wood chaff, rotating cage, do shovel, mill skin, dry grinding and deburring.
3, fleece according to claim 1, dermatotome double-faced waterproofing pile-face both fur and leather leather making method, it is characterized in that described dermatotome WATER REPELLENT and dyeing, retanning, stuffing technology comprise successively dyes fleece, retanning, neutralizes, dyes dermatotome, washes loose colour, hangs and dry dry, waterproof stuffing and extension dries dry.
4, fleece according to claim 3, dermatotome double-faced waterproofing pile-face both fur and leather leather making method is characterized in that the waterproof currying agent that uses in the described waterproof stuffing technology is respectively 5-8g/L PF4700,3-5g/L SOF and 3-5g/L PSE.
5, fleece according to claim 1, dermatotome double-faced waterproofing pile-face both fur and leather leather making method is characterized in that described fleece waterproof manufacture craft comprises successively to apply fleece water-resisting agent, mangle, dermatotome drying, fixing fleece water-resisting agent.
6, fleece according to claim 5, dermatotome double-faced waterproofing pile-face both fur and leather leather making method is characterized in that described fixedly fleece water-resisting agent is a fixedly fleece water-resisting agent of microwave heating.
7, fleece according to claim 6, dermatotome double-faced waterproofing pile-face both fur and leather leather making method is characterized in that fixedly fleece water-resisting agent of described microwave heating, and temperature is controlled at 90-100 ℃, makes fur by microwave heating 1～3 minute.
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| CN101956026A (en) * | 2010-09-17 | 2011-01-26 | 谈国忠 | Leather material and processing method thereof |
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| CN1326004A (en) * | 2000-05-26 | 2001-12-12 | 吴佳 | Technology for tanning and dyeing lamb hide used as both fur and leather |
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