CN101440457B - Yttrium-containing high-aluminum ferritic stainless steel for automobile exhaust system - Google Patents
Yttrium-containing high-aluminum ferritic stainless steel for automobile exhaust system Download PDFInfo
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- CN101440457B CN101440457B CN 200810238269 CN200810238269A CN101440457B CN 101440457 B CN101440457 B CN 101440457B CN 200810238269 CN200810238269 CN 200810238269 CN 200810238269 A CN200810238269 A CN 200810238269A CN 101440457 B CN101440457 B CN 101440457B
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Abstract
The invention discloses an yttric high-aluminum ferritic stainless steel used for an automobile exhaust system, which is applicable to an automobile exhaust collector. The stainless steel is characterized by consisting of the following compositions by weight percentage: more than or equal to 0.02 percent and less than or equal to 0.12 percent of Y, less than or equal to 0.03 percent of C, less than or equal to 0.05 percent of Si, more than or equal to 0.4 percent and less than or equal to 1.0 percent of Mn, more than or equal to 16 percent and less than or equal to 20 percent of Cr, more than or equal to 0.2 percent and less than or equal to 0.5 percent of Nb, more than or equal to 0.15 percent and less than or equal to 0.3 percent of Al, less than or equal to 0.02 percent of N, more than or equal to 0.05 percent and less than or equal to 0.2 percent of Ti, less than or equal to 0.025 percent of P, and less than or equal to 0.010 percent of S, wherein Nb and Ti are more than or equal to 8(C+N), Nb/Ti is more than or equal to 2, and the balance being iron. Compared with the prior ferritic stainless steel used in the automobile exhaust collector, as the content of aluminum is increased and yttrium is added, the yttric high-aluminum ferritic stainless steel improves the oxidation resistance of the material, and the material is improved to resist high temperature over 950 DEG C. When the yttric high-aluminum ferritic stainless steel is used for the automobile exhaust collector, the service life of the collector can be effectively prolonged.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of ferritic stainless steel, specifically a kind of Yttrium-containing high-aluminum ferritic stainless steel for automobile exhaust system is applied to the high-temperature exhaust air manifold of automobile.
Background technology
Exhaust system for motor car engine, its used hot-end component needs resistance to elevated temperatures, processability and welding property preferably, satisfy requirements such as high temperature oxidation, corrosion-resistant, fatigue property, it has the phlegma of anti-tail gas corrosive nature the major requirement of cold junction parts.In the seventies in 20th century, for improving catalytic efficiency and reducing discharging, constantly improve engine exhaust temperature, the exhaust manifold working temperature has been brought up to 900～950 ℃ by 750～800 ℃, simultaneously in order to improve fuel economy, alleviate car weight, exhaust temperature has been increased to 950～1000 ℃ at present, and this just has higher requirement to the select materials of exhaust manifold.Ferritic stainless steel is compared with austenitic stainless steel, production cost is low, linear expansivity is little, thermal conductivity is big, discharge manifold proceeds to high performance material SUS444 with stainless steel by low-grade SUS409, high-grade SUS430JIL in the external automobile exhaust system, the temperature of its muffler system can reach 300 ℃, with material similar variation tendency is arranged also.In order to adapt to limited vehicle body space, automobile exhaust system is designed to complicated shape, also to consider the high-mouldability of material simultaneously, therefore, low-cost resistance to high temperature oxidation material becomes the development trend of material alloysization.Patent name is " as the ferritic stainless steel of the pipe element that discharges automobile exhaust gas ", the patentee is a Nissin Steel Co., Ltd., its patent No. CN02813138.X, applying date 2002.07.04, open day 2004.08.25, publication number CN1524130, the weight percent content that discloses its composition in patent documentation is: C≤0.03, Si≤1.00, Mn≤1.50, Ni≤0.60,16≤Cr≤20, Nb≤0.5,0.8≤Cu≤2.0, Al≤0.03,0.03≤V≤0.20, N≤0.03, Nb 〉=8 (C+N), this ferritic stainless steel does not contain the heat-resisting element of molybdenum, the Ti that adopts 0.05-0.30 simultaneously is as improving the formability element, can add W for improving thermal characteristics, Zr, at least a in Y and the rare earth metal, or be processing characteristics interpolation Ca, at least a element among Mg and the Co; " ferritic stainless steel and the welded pipe line that are used for the automobile passage parts " of Nissin Steel Co., Ltd., application number CN200710169174.0, applying date 2007.10.31, publication number CN101250672, open day 2008.08.27, C≤0.03, Si≤1.00 are adopted in record in the document, Mn≤1.50, Ni≤0.60,10≤Cr≤20, Nb≤0.5,1≤Cu≤2.0,0.03≤Al≤0.12, V≤0.20, N≤0.03,0.05≤Ti≤0.3, Nb 〉=8 (C+N), 0.0005≤B≤0.02, oxygen level is not higher than 0.01, optional Mo, W, Zr and Co wherein one or more total amounts are no more than 4%, and Nb 〉=8 (C+N).The car exhaust system stainless steel of domestic production, if Austenitic primary stainless steel 304,309,321 etc., if ferrite type primary stainless steel 409,409L, 430,436,439L, 444.The composition weight percent content of above-mentioned listed ferritic stainless steel sees the following form:
Weak point for these materials is: adopt to increase molybdenum content, utilize Ti and Nb alloying merely, it is cold-formed to utilize copper to improve, used ferritic stainless steel heat resistance can only reach 900 ℃ at present, when using as the auto exhaust manifold, its welding property is relatively poor, high temperature resistant and antioxidant property is relatively poor, has shortened the work-ing life of auto exhaust manifold.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of welding property, high temperature resistant, antioxidant property is high, is applicable to a kind of Yttrium-containing high-aluminum ferritic stainless steel for automobile exhaust system that the auto exhaust manifold uses.
For reaching above purpose, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is: this a kind of Yttrium-containing high-aluminum ferritic stainless steel for automobile exhaust system, it is characterized in that: it is made up of following component in percentage by weight: 0.02%≤Y≤0.12%, C≤0.03%, Si≤0.05%, 0.4%≤Mn≤1.0%, 16%≤Cr≤20%, 0.2%≤Nb≤0.5%, 0.15%≤Al≤0.3%, N≤0.02%, 0.05%≤Ti≤0.2%, P≤0.025% and S≤0.010%, and Nb+Ti 〉=8 (C+N), Nb/Ti 〉=2, and surplus is an iron.The present invention also implements by following measure: add yttrium in material, can form the double oxide film of yttrium and chromium on the surface of chromium stainless steel, when temperature generation acute variation, there is not the brisement tendency, significantly improve the heatproof characteristic of steel, the oxidation rate 2-11 that has reduced steel doubly, the double oxide film and the bond matrix that form are tight, under temperature acute variation condition, has remarkable superiority, being fit to very much automobile exhaust system uses, add further purify hot metal of rare earth yttrium simultaneously, the solidified structure of refinement steel, improve inclusion character, form and distribution, reduce the influence of inclusion to material forming and welding, the optimum weight percentage range that adds yttrium content is 0.05-0.09%;
Al is as reductor and the element that improves high-temperature oxidation resistance, in the molten steel smelting process, add aluminium and carry out complete deoxidation, can reduce the quantity of silicates inclusion, N combination in metallic aluminium and the molten steel simultaneously, in steel, separate out aluminium nitride, fixing austenite element N, refinement steel billet solidified structure, thereby the tissue of refinement steel improves the formability of material, adopts under the argon shield condition and welds, can avoid the aluminaization in the material, in process of setting, separate out aluminium nitride refinement weld structure, the optimum weight percentage range that adds aluminium content is 0.15-0.25%;
Can increase heat-resisting elemental silicon for improving resistance toheat, increase silicone content to reduce the plasticity of material, thereby influence the forming property of material, siliceous height is in welding process, form silicate inclusion easily, thereby reduction weldquality, therefore silicone content is reduced to the scope of deep draw with steel, do not adopt siliceous reductor, reduce the steel billet silicate inclusion, improve the material deep drawability, satisfy of the requirement of auto exhaust component forming process plasticity, for this reason, silicone content optimum weight per-cent is controlled at below 0.03%;
The adding of chromium element mainly is to stablize ferrite, and the antioxidant property under the assurance hot conditions, excessive chromium can cause plasticity to reduce, influence the plasticity of material, increase simultaneously and add alloy quantity, cost also increases, and is higher than 950 ℃ requirement according to the Working environment of auto exhaust manifold, and the weight percent optimum controling range of chromium constituent content should be between 17.5-19.5%;
Carbon and nitrogen are as the element in the stainless steel, all be austenizer,, must reduce the content of its hetero-organization for improving the erosion resistance of material, reduce the quantity that adds Ti and Nb, avoid forming the enrichment of the carbon nitrogen inclusion of Ti and Nb, improve the cleanliness factor of matrix, reduce carbon content simultaneously and can reduce the distortion of materials drag, improve the plasticity of material, for guaranteeing its forming property, the carbon content weight percent is controlled at below 0.03%, and optimum range is C≤0.02%; Control for nitrogen, self working condition according to enterprise, under situation about reducing production costs, the control nitrogen content is low more good more, adopt vacuum-treat just can be reduced to below 0.005%, for producing and casting process under the normal condition, can not avoid entering of nitrogen, weight percent is controlled at below 0.015% under normal condition;
Nb and Ti are as the fixed element of C and N, can improve the hot strength of material under the hot conditions, adopt Nb and Ti to use simultaneously, further fixation of C and N, and, when Nb: Ti is 2: 1, be more suitable for ferritic stainless steel and realize stabilization, add Nb and keep suitable being shaped and low-temperature flexibility, excessive Ti may produce TiN, reduce being shaped and low-temperature flexibility of material, the weight percent of Ti content is controlled at 0.10-0.20%; The weight percent of Nb content is controlled at 0.25-0.40%;
Mn is weak austenite element, effect with intensive stable austenite, simultaneously can increase the solubleness of nitrogen in stainless steel, a large amount of addings can cause intensity increase, processability to reduce, the weldability of damaged material, the optimum weight per-cent span of control of its content is 0.40-0.60%;
In working control, accomplish minimumly for foreign matter content P, S as far as possible, reduce the influence of materials chemistry corrosive, wherein require S content to be reduced to below 0.010%, reduce sulfide inclusion the performance disadvantageous effect; In actual production process, accomplish P below 0.025%, produce than being easier to and control, be reduced to 0.015% when following, the production process cost is then bigger, so the weight percent of P content is controlled at less than 0.020%.
With the material that the present invention did, after testing, its heat resistance reaches more than 960 ℃, unit elongation reaches more than 55%, inclusion content sulfuration inclusion in the steel is below 0.5 grade, and alumina inclusion is below 1 grade, and silicate is mixed in below 1 grade, spherical oxide is mixed in below 0.5 grade, does not occur the abnormal oxidation situation in the time of 1000 ℃.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is: compare with the ferritic stainless steel that present auto exhaust manifold is used, owing to improved aluminium content and added yttrium, improved the high temperature resistant and antioxidant property of material, the high temperature of ability more than 950 ℃, improved the processability of material simultaneously, when using, can prolong the work-ing life of manifold effectively as the auto exhaust manifold.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1:
A kind of Yttrium-containing high-aluminum ferritic stainless steel for automobile exhaust system, it is characterized in that: it is made up of following component in percentage by weight: Y:0.06%, C:0.02%, Si:0.03%, Mn:0.046%, Cr:17.8%, Nb:0.25%, Al:0.20%, N:0.015%, Ti:0.11%, P:0.018% and S:0.005%, and Nb+Ti＞8 (C+N), Nb/Ti＞2, and surplus is an iron.This Yttrium-containing high-aluminum ferritic stainless steel for automobile exhaust system, the material heat resistance reaches 970 ℃, unit elongation reaches 58%, 0.5 grade of inclusion content sulfuration inclusion in the steel, 0.5 grade of alumina inclusion, silicate is mingled with 0.5 grade, and spherical oxide is mingled with 0.5 grade, does not occur the abnormal oxidation situation in the time of 1000 ℃.
Embodiment 2:
A kind of Yttrium-containing high-aluminum ferritic stainless steel for automobile exhaust system, it is characterized in that: it is made up of following component in percentage by weight: Y:0.08%, C:0.02%, Si:0.03%, Mn:0.042%, Cr:19.2%, Nb:0.32%, Al:0.15%, N:0.012%, Ti:0.15%, P:0.015% and S:0.003%, and Nb+Ti＞8 (C+N), Nb/Ti＞2, and surplus is an iron.This Yttrium-containing high-aluminum ferritic stainless steel for automobile exhaust system, the material heat resistance reaches 990 ℃, unit elongation reaches 58%, 0.5 grade of inclusion content sulfuration inclusion in the steel, 1 grade of alumina inclusion, silicate are mingled with 0.5 grade, and spherical oxide is mingled with 1 grade, by detecting, the abnormal oxidation situation does not appear in the time of 1000 ℃.
Claims (5)
1. Yttrium-containing high-aluminum ferritic stainless steel for automobile exhaust system, it is characterized in that: it is made up of following component in percentage by weight: 0.02%≤Y≤0.12%, C≤0.03%, Si≤0.05%, 0.4%≤Mn≤1.0%, 16%≤Cr≤20%, 0.2%≤Nb≤0.5%, 0.15%≤Al≤0.3%, N≤0.02%, 0.05%≤Ti≤0.2%, P≤0.025% and S≤0.010%, and Nb+Ti 〉=8 (C+N), Nb/Ti 〉=2, and surplus is an iron.
2. a kind of Yttrium-containing high-aluminum ferritic stainless steel for automobile exhaust system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the weight percentage ranges that adds yttrium content is 0.05-0.09%; The weight percentage ranges that adds aluminium content is 0.15-0.25%.
3. a kind of Yttrium-containing high-aluminum ferritic stainless steel for automobile exhaust system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the weight percent of silicone content is controlled at below 0.03%.
4. a kind of Yttrium-containing high-aluminum ferritic stainless steel for automobile exhaust system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the carbon content weight percent is controlled at below 0.02%; For producing and casting process under the normal condition, the nitrogen content weight percent is controlled at below 0.015%.
5. a kind of Yttrium-containing high-aluminum ferritic stainless steel for automobile exhaust system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the weight percent of Ti content is controlled at 0.10-0.20%; The weight percent of Nb content is controlled at 0.25-0.40%.
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| CN 200810238269 CN101440457B (en) | 2008-12-12 | 2008-12-12 | Yttrium-containing high-aluminum ferritic stainless steel for automobile exhaust system |
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| CN 200810238269 CN101440457B (en) | 2008-12-12 | 2008-12-12 | Yttrium-containing high-aluminum ferritic stainless steel for automobile exhaust system |
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| CN101440457A CN101440457A (en) | 2009-05-27 |
| CN101440457B true CN101440457B (en) | 2010-06-16 |
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Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102560269A (en) * | 2010-12-09 | 2012-07-11 | 佳木斯畅通汽车零部件有限公司 | Exhaust manifold of engine with cast heat-resistant steel |
| CN108823488A (en) * | 2018-05-29 | 2018-11-16 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | The ferrite heat resistant steel and its heat treatment process of a kind of resistance to high temperature oxidation and resistance to salt hot corrosion |
| CN109513930B (en) * | 2018-11-30 | 2021-07-20 | 湖南英捷高科技有限责任公司 | High-strength turbocharger nozzle ring blade and preparation method thereof |
| CN114351057A (en) * | 2022-01-19 | 2022-04-15 | 山西太钢不锈钢股份有限公司 | Low-chromium aluminum-containing ferritic stainless steel with excellent welding performance and welding method thereof |
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Granted publication date: 20100616 Termination date: 20161212 |