CN101435827A - Exhaust pollutants measuring apparatus of heavy type diesel vehicle - Google Patents
Exhaust pollutants measuring apparatus of heavy type diesel vehicle Download PDFInfo
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- CN101435827A CN101435827A CNA2008101529271A CN200810152927A CN101435827A CN 101435827 A CN101435827 A CN 101435827A CN A2008101529271 A CNA2008101529271 A CN A2008101529271A CN 200810152927 A CN200810152927 A CN 200810152927A CN 101435827 A CN101435827 A CN 101435827A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a device for measuring exhaust contaminant of a heavy-duty diesel engine in operation. The device comprises a first subsonic venturi tube, an air and exhaust gas mixing tube, an outlet, a first pipeline, three particulate matter filtering brackets, a computer, a heating type filter and a heating pump which are sequentially connected, an analytic instrument unit and a computer control unit, wherein the outlet is provided a dilute air inlet pipeline of a second subsonic venturi tube and is communicated with the air and exhaust gas mixing tube; the first pipeline is sequentially provided with a fourth electromagnetic valve and a critical flow venturi tube and is in parallel arrangement with a dilute air inlet pipeline part provided with a first electromagnetic valve and the second subsonic venturi tube; the three particulate matter filtering brackets are in parallel connection with one another; and the computer control unit is used for calculating the emission value of the exhaust contaminant of the diesel engine. A result measured through the device can be compared with the prior result (g/kW.h) measured in delivery of the diesel engine; therefore, a relevant national standard can be also established; and the device is practical and simple in operation.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of device that relates to the power machine discharge measuring, in particular, the present invention relates to heavy compression ignition engine (common name diesel engine) and using the vehicle exhaust contaminant measurement device.
Background technology
China's automobile pollution increases year by year, and its exhaust contaminant has caused havoc to environmental quality.For this reason, country has taked more and more stricter limit value rules and has detected standard the discharging of automobile and engine, to corresponding check rules also being arranged with car and forcing maintenance system etc.
To be equipped with large diesel engine automobile, country issues " automobile-used compression-ignited, gaseous fuel spark-ignition engine and automobile exhaust pollutant discharge limit value and measuring method (Chinese III, IV, V stage) " (GB17691-2005), this method regulation is only carried out emission testing on the stand of engine, do not do the test of whole automobile.
To the discharging of light-duty vehicle and engine dispatch from the factory detect with and dynamometry in surveying with car test, all be on chassis dynamometer, to measure.And the discharging of oversize vehicle and engine is detected, if also measure on chassis dynamometer, then equipment is huge.Therefore at home, in the outer standard, generally all adopts the directly exhaust contaminant of measurement engine on threst stand, and set up corresponding measuring method and emission limit in view of the above.
The exhaust contaminant of heavy transportation diesel is measured, except manufacturing plant dispatch from the factory detect, in use for some time, be carried out in accordance with regulations in detection with the car diesel emission.At this moment, must on threst stand, carry out discharge measuring with diesel engine down, in practical operation, will very bother like this, time-consuming and cost is high from vehicle dismounting.Therefore must seek a kind ofly just on In-Use Motor Vehicles, (needn't disassemble diesel engine), can directly measure the device of diesel exhaust gas pollutant.Do not see this report at present at home as yet.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome the shortcoming of prior art, provide a kind of and do not disassembling under the diesel engine condition, the large diesel engine more practical, easy and simple to handle of measuring the diesel exhaust gas pollutant of large diesel engine vehicle in use and particle unit mass (to restrain every kilowatt-hour of expression) is at the exhaust contaminant measurement mechanism with car.
Large diesel engine of the present invention is at the exhaust contaminant measurement mechanism with car, and it comprises:
(1) one first subsonic venturi flowmeter, the entrance point of this flowmeter links to each other with the outlet of the exhaust pipe of engine by exhaust pipe and its endpiece is connected with an outlet that is connected with atmosphere;
(2) air and exhaust mixing tube, this air is connected with described exhaust pipe by the particle stopple coupon with the inlet of exhaust mixing tube;
(3) one are disposed with first solenoid valve on it, second solenoid valve, the piezoelectric crystal valve, the second subsonic venturi flowmeter, the outlet of the diluent air inlet ductwork of the 3rd solenoid valve is connected with the exhaust mixing tube with described air and the import of first solenoid valve is connected with diluent air, one is equipped with the 4th solenoid valve on it successively, first pipeline of critical flow venturi meter be positioned at the diluent air inlet ductwork that described first solenoid valve and the second subsonic venturi flowmeter are housed and partly be arranged in parallel, the endpiece of a flow metering pipeline that the 5th solenoid valve is housed on it be connected at the outlet tie point of described parallel pipeline and the described diluent air inlet ductwork between the second subsonic venturi flowmeter, and its entrance point links to each other with the flowmeter endpiece that is calibrated;
(4) three particle filter holders that are connected in parallel each other, on described each particle filter holder admission valve, filter paper, outlet valve are housed successively, the import of described particle filter holder links to each other with the outlet of described air with the exhaust mixing tube, the outlet of described particle filter holder is connected with an end that second pipeline of variable frequency pump and the 3rd subsonic speed venturi meter is housed on it, and the other end of described second pipeline links to each other with atmosphere;
(5) flushing lines that the 6th solenoid valve is housed on it, an end of this flushing line is communicated with air source, and the other end links to each other with described the 3rd solenoid valve;
(6) computing machines, first signal end and the analog to digital converter of described computing machine, the infinitesimal analysis proportioner, inverter, variable frequency pump, the variable frequency pump drive motor links to each other successively by lead, its secondary signal end passes through described analog to digital converter respectively with described first, second, the flow signal output terminal of the 3rd subsonic speed venturi meter links to each other and links to each other with described piezoelectric crystal valve, and its 3rd signal end links to each other with the signal input part of a computer control unit, described computing machine reads described first, second, the flow signal of the 3rd subsonic speed venturi meter output, the flow signal of piezoelectric crystal valve output and with computing machine in setting value relatively, output signal to described variable frequency pump drive motor then with the rotating speed of control of conversion pump and output signal to the piezoelectric crystal valve to control its aperture, simultaneously according to the dilution ratio formula, sample gas sampling amount and particle quality calculate particle quality flow and export to described computer control unit;
(7) hot type filtrators, the inlet of this hot type filtrator is connected by the gas sampling pipeline with the described exhaust pipe of engine;
(8) hot type pumps, the inlet of this hot type pump links to each other by heating tube with the outlet of described hot type filtrator;
(9) analytical instrument unit, described analytical instrument unit comprises carbonyl analyzer and the capnograph that hot type hydrocarbon measuring instrument, hot type nitrogen-oxide analyzer,, oxygen analyser, its air intake opening link to each other with the outlet of a condenser respectively, and the inlet of the inlet of described condenser, hot type hydrocarbon measuring instrument, hot type nitrogen-oxide analyzer,, oxygen analyser links to each other with described hot type delivery side of pump via sample lines;
(10) computer control units, be used to receive the concentration signal of each analyser output of power signal, the analytical instrument unit of particle quality flow signal, the chassis dynamometer of described computing machine output, and calculate diesel exhaust gas pollutant emission value.
Result that apparatus of the present invention are measured can and the diesel engine baseline results of measuring (g/kW.h) of dispatching from the factory compare, also may set up relevant national standard in view of the above, this device practicality, easy and simple to handle.
Description of drawings
Accompanying drawing is the schematic diagram of large diesel engine of the present invention at the exhaust contaminant measurement mechanism of using car.
Embodiment
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with embodiment and embodiment.
Large diesel engine of the present invention using the vehicle exhaust contaminant measurement device, it comprises: (1) one first subsonic venturi flowmeter 2, and the entrance point of this first subsonic venturi flowmeter 2 links to each other with the outlet of the exhaust pipe of engine 1 by exhaust pipe 21 and its endpiece is connected with an outlet that is connected with atmosphere; (2) air and exhaust mixing tube 4, this air is connected with described exhaust pipe 21 by particle stopple coupon 3 with the inlet of exhaust mixing tube 4; (3) one are disposed with first solenoid valve on it, second solenoid valve, piezoelectric crystal valve 10, the second subsonic venturi flowmeter 8, the outlet of the diluent air inlet ductwork of the 3rd solenoid valve is connected with exhaust mixing tube 4 with described air and the import of described first solenoid valve is connected with diluent air, one is equipped with the 4th solenoid valve on it successively, first pipeline of critical flow Venturi tube 9 be positioned at the diluent air inlet ductwork that described first solenoid valve and the second subsonic venturi flowmeter 8 are housed and partly be arranged in parallel, the endpiece of a flow metering pipeline 20 that the 5th solenoid valve is housed on it be connected at the outlet tie point of described parallel pipeline and the described diluent air inlet ductwork between the second subsonic venturi flowmeter 8, described flow metering pipeline entrance point with linked to each other by the outlet of school flowmeter, described diluent air is extraneous pressurized air, the ratio of the air capacity that dilution ratio flows through for the air mass flow surveyed through the second subsonic venturi flowmeter 8 and particle stopple coupon 3; (4) three particle filter holders 5 that are connected in parallel each other, on described each particle filter holder 5 admission valve, filter paper, outlet valve are housed successively, the import of described particle filter holder 5 links to each other with the outlet of described air with exhaust mixing tube 4, the outlet of described particle filter holder 5 is connected with an end that second pipeline of variable frequency pump 6 and the 3rd subsonic speed venturi meter 7 is housed on it, and the other end of described second pipeline links to each other with atmosphere; (5) flushing lines 19 that the 6th solenoid valve is housed on it, one end of this flushing line is communicated with source of the gas, the other end links to each other with described the 3rd solenoid valve, and the 3rd solenoid valve is opened and cleaned the diluent air inlet ductwork when cleaning, and described source of the gas can be pure air or pure nitrogen gas; (6) computing machines 11, first signal end and the analog to digital converter of described computing machine 11, the infinitesimal analysis proportioner, inverter, variable frequency pump 6, the variable frequency pump drive motor links to each other successively by lead, its secondary signal end passes through described analog to digital converter respectively with described first, second, the 3rd subsonic speed venturi meter 2,8,7 flow signal output terminal links to each other and links to each other with described piezoelectric crystal valve 10, and its 3rd signal end links to each other with the signal input part of a computer control unit 14, described computing machine 11 reads above-mentioned first, second, the 3rd subsonic speed venturi meter 2,8, the flow signal of 7 outputs, the flow signal of piezoelectric crystal valve 10 output and with computing machine 11 in setting value relatively, output signal to described variable frequency pump drive motor 6 then with the rotating speed of control of conversion pump 6 and output signal to piezoelectric crystal valve 10 to control its aperture, simultaneously according to the dilution ratio formula, sample gas sampling amount and particle quality calculate particle quality flow and export to described computer control unit 14.The aperture by regulating piezoelectric crystal valve 10 and the rotating speed of variable frequency pump 6 can be realized the automatic dilution ratio ratio of air capacity (diluent air with) of air and exhaust mixing tube 4.(7) hot type filtrators 16, the inlet of this hot type filtrator 16 is connected with the described exhaust pipe of engine by gas sampling pipeline 15; (8) hot type pumps 17, the inlet of this hot type pump 17 links to each other by the outlet of heating tube with described hot type filtrator 16; (9) analytical instrument unit 18, described analytical instrument unit 18 comprises carbonyl analyzer and the capnograph that hot type hydrocarbon measuring instrument, hot type nitrogen-oxide analyzer,, oxygen analyser, its air intake opening link to each other with the outlet of a condenser respectively, and the inlet of the inlet of described condenser, hot type hydrocarbon measuring instrument, hot type nitrogen-oxide analyzer,, oxygen analyser links to each other via the outlet of sample lines with described hot type pump 17.Described each analyser can adopt the self-made components (OEM) that the applicant gone on the market or the product of U.S. CAI company.(10) computer control units 14, be used to receive the concentration signal of each analyser output of power signal, the analytical instrument unit 18 of particle quality flow signal, the chassis dynamometer 13 of described computing machine 11 outputs, and calculate diesel exhaust gas pollutant emission value (g/kw.h).
Gas analysis instrument unit 18 adopts: the HC composition adopts hot type hydrogen ion flame method (HFID) to measure; NO
xComposition adopts hot type chemiluminescence photodetection instrument (CLD) to measure; CO/CO
2Be behind condenser, to measure with infrared spectrum analyser (NDIR).
The gas sampling pipeline of drawing from the exhaust pipe of engine 1 15 is the hot type polyfluortetraethylene pipe, and temperature is in (190 ± 2) ℃, and this kind hot type pipeline can adopt our company's self-made components or choose U.S. CAI company product.Hot type filtrator 16 adopts hot types, and temperature is controlled at (190 ± 2) ℃, and this temperature is by temperature controller control subsidiary on the hot filtration apparatus.Above-mentioned controller control line links to each other with power control switch, and the Control current size realizes temperature controlling.The hot type filtrator can adopt the product of U.S. CAI company also can adopt the OEM mode to make by oneself, but the hot type pump still need choose external, as the product of German KNF company or U.S. CAI company.Recording exhaust contaminant composition unit is the ppm value.
The exhaust total amount of automobile exhaust pipe uses first subsonic venturi flowmeter (SAO-1) 2-that links to each other with gas outlet 1 directly to record, this subsonic venturi flowmeter 2 measuring accuracy height, it is 0.2 grade, and flow measurement range is wide, temperature, pressure compensation are arranged itself, therefore the gross exhaust gas that records just is not subjected to time and environmental impact, reliability, stability height.The gross exhaust gas that records is a volumetric flow rate, and unit is m
3/ min or m
3/ hr.
Choosing the gas componant weighted volumes according to GB17691-2005 table BA.1 multiply by total extraction flow and multiply by density and can draw and per hour restrain discharge capacity (g/hr).Divided by weighted power, then promptly draw the weighted volumes (g of each operating mode again
i/ kW
iH), the value superposition with each operating mode is the measurement measured value.
The diesel particulate discharge capacity, the system of being taken a sample by diesel exhaust gas Partial flow dilution and full stream records.
By particle stopple coupon 3, air and exhaust mixing tube 4 are introduced in exhaust.The exhausting waste gas flow that flows through in the exhaust pipe 1 records through the second subsonics venturi meter 2.Waste gas drains in the atmosphere then.
Exhaust from exhaust pipe 1 in particle stopple coupon 3 enters air and exhaust mixing tube 4.Diluent air (in the atmosphere) divides two the tunnel through first solenoid valve, one the tunnel through critical flow Venturi tube (CFV) 9, one the tunnel enters air and exhaust mixing tube 4 through the 3rd solenoid valve after piezo electric valve 10 enters second Venturi tube (SAO-2), 8 meterings together, after an exhaust mixes, filter paper in particle filter holder 5 filters, and squeezes into the flow of metering exhaust of the 3rd Venturi tube (SAO-3) 7 flowmeters and air Mixture then through pump 6.The 3rd Venturi tube (SAO-3) 7 variables deduct second Venturi tube (SAO-2), 8 variables and are exhausting waste gas amount by particle stopple coupon 3.
Filter paper in the filter holder 5 measures through precision balance, can record in sample time the granular mass value in managing 3 waste gas, unit Grams Per Hour (g/hr).
Total exhausting waste gas amount that subsonic venturi flowmeter (SAO-1) 2 records is the mass numbers of particle in total exhausting waste gas flow than last through managing quality (gram) number that a part of exhaust gas flow of 3 multiply by above-mentioned filter paper again.Be (g/kw.hr) number that finally records divided by record power number by chassis dynamometer 13 again.
A computing machine 11, first signal end of described computing machine 11 and infinitesimal analysis proportioner, inverter, variable frequency pump 6, the variable frequency pump drive motor links to each other successively by lead, its secondary signal end is respectively with described first, second, the 3rd subsonic speed venturi meter 2,8, the flow signal end of 7 outputs links to each other, and its 3rd signal end links to each other with the signal input part of a computer control unit 14, described computing machine 11 reads described first, second, the 3rd subsonic speed venturi meter 2,8, the flow signals of 7 outputs and with computing machine in setting value relatively, output signal to described variable frequency pump drive motor 6 then to control its rotating speed and to output signal to piezoelectric crystal valve 10 to control its aperture, simultaneously according to the dilution ratio formula, sample gas sampling amount and particle quality calculate particle quality flow and export to described computer control unit 14.The aperture by regulating piezoelectric crystal valve 10 and the rotating speed of variable frequency pump drive motor 6 can be realized the automatic dilution ratio ratio of air capacity (diluent air with) of air and exhaust mixing tube 4.This paper is taken the precision balance chamber record particle quality in the exhaust (unit is gram g).Computing machine 11 goes out particle quality flow according to above-mentioned digital computation, and g/h exports to described computer control unit 14;
The power signal of each constituent concentration signal of the flow signal of computer control unit 14 receiving computers 11, analytical instrument unit 18, the diesel engine of dynamometer machine 13 is handled through weighting coefficient, calculates the discharge value of each exhaust contaminant of diesel engine, the g/kw.h of unit.
Claims (1)
1. large diesel engine is characterized in that at the exhaust contaminant measurement mechanism with car it comprises:
(1) one first subsonic venturi flowmeter, the entrance point of this flowmeter links to each other with the outlet of the exhaust pipe of engine by exhaust pipe and its endpiece is connected with an outlet that is connected with atmosphere;
(2) air and exhaust mixing tube, this air is connected with described exhaust pipe by the particle stopple coupon with the inlet of exhaust mixing tube;
(3) one are disposed with first solenoid valve on it, second solenoid valve, the piezoelectric crystal valve, the second subsonic venturi flowmeter, the outlet of the diluent air inlet ductwork of the 3rd solenoid valve is connected with the exhaust mixing tube with described air and the import of first solenoid valve is connected with diluent air, one is equipped with the 4th solenoid valve on it successively, first pipeline of critical flow venturi meter be positioned at the diluent air inlet ductwork that described first solenoid valve and the second subsonic venturi flowmeter are housed and partly be arranged in parallel, the endpiece of a flow metering pipeline that the 5th solenoid valve is housed on it be connected at the outlet tie point of described parallel pipeline and the described diluent air inlet ductwork between the second subsonic venturi flowmeter, and its entrance point links to each other with the flowmeter endpiece that is calibrated;
(4) three particle filter holders that are connected in parallel each other, on described each particle filter holder admission valve, filter paper, outlet valve are housed successively, the import of described particle filter holder links to each other with the outlet of described air with the exhaust mixing tube, the outlet of described particle filter holder is connected with an end that second pipeline of variable frequency pump and the 3rd subsonic speed venturi meter is housed on it, and the other end of described second pipeline links to each other with atmosphere;
(5) flushing lines that the 6th solenoid valve is housed on it, an end of this flushing line is communicated with air source, and the other end links to each other with described the 3rd solenoid valve;
(6) computing machines, first signal end and the analog to digital converter of described computing machine, the infinitesimal analysis proportioner, inverter, variable frequency pump, the variable frequency pump drive motor links to each other successively by lead, its secondary signal end passes through described analog to digital converter respectively with described first, second, the flow signal output terminal of the 3rd subsonic speed venturi meter links to each other and links to each other with described piezoelectric crystal valve, and its 3rd signal end links to each other with the signal input part of a computer control unit, described computing machine reads described first, second, the flow signal of the 3rd subsonic speed venturi meter output, the flow signal of piezoelectric crystal valve output and with computing machine in setting value relatively, output signal to described variable frequency pump drive motor then with the rotating speed of control of conversion pump and output signal to the piezoelectric crystal valve to control its aperture, simultaneously according to the dilution ratio formula, sample gas sampling amount and particle quality calculate particle quality flow and export to described computer control unit;
(7) hot type filtrators, the inlet of this hot type filtrator is connected by the gas sampling pipeline with the described exhaust pipe of engine;
(8) hot type pumps, the inlet of this hot type pump links to each other by heating tube with the outlet of described hot type filtrator;
(9) analytical instrument unit, described analytical instrument unit comprises carbonyl analyzer and the capnograph that hot type hydrocarbon measuring instrument, hot type nitrogen-oxide analyzer,, oxygen analyser, its air intake opening link to each other with the outlet of a condenser respectively, and the inlet of the inlet of described condenser, hot type hydrocarbon measuring instrument, hot type nitrogen-oxide analyzer,, oxygen analyser links to each other with described hot type delivery side of pump via sample lines;
(10) computer control units, be used to receive the concentration signal of each analyser output of power signal, the analytical instrument unit of particle quality flow signal, the chassis dynamometer of described computing machine output, and calculate diesel exhaust gas pollutant emission value.
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN2008101529271A CN101435827B (en) | 2008-11-11 | 2008-11-11 | Exhaust pollutants measuring apparatus of heavy type diesel vehicle |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN2008101529271A CN101435827B (en) | 2008-11-11 | 2008-11-11 | Exhaust pollutants measuring apparatus of heavy type diesel vehicle |
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| CN101435827B CN101435827B (en) | 2011-10-12 |
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| CN110579379A (en) * | 2019-09-26 | 2019-12-17 | 同济大学 | motor vehicle tail gas flexible sampling system and sampling method |
| CN110579379B (en) * | 2019-09-26 | 2021-11-09 | 同济大学 | Motor vehicle tail gas flexible sampling system and sampling method |
| CN110967191A (en) * | 2019-11-26 | 2020-04-07 | 辽宁龙马安泰网络技术有限责任公司 | Method for detecting emission of exhaust gas generated during running of automobile |
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