CN101435030A - Preparation of aluminum nitride particle enhanced aluminum-based composite material - Google Patents
Preparation of aluminum nitride particle enhanced aluminum-based composite material Download PDFInfo
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- CN101435030A CN101435030A CNA2008102077746A CN200810207774A CN101435030A CN 101435030 A CN101435030 A CN 101435030A CN A2008102077746 A CNA2008102077746 A CN A2008102077746A CN 200810207774 A CN200810207774 A CN 200810207774A CN 101435030 A CN101435030 A CN 101435030A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for preparing aluminium nitride particle strengthened aluminium-based composite material, belonging to the technical field of metal-based composite material. The invention firstly uses melamine and aluminium powder or aluminium alloy power to prepare the aluminium nitride and aluminium composite particles by mechanical ball milling, then the aluminium nitride and aluminium composite particles are packed into an aluminum sheath for carrying out degassing and then sealing, and after hot isopressing, the aluminium nitride particle strengthened aluminium-based composite material is prepared. The aluminium nitride particle in the prepared composite material has good uniformity of distribution and good interface bonding without interface pollution and has high strength and toughness.
Description
Technical field
That involved in the present invention is a kind of preparation method of metal-base composites technical field, specifically is a kind of preparation method of aluminum nitride particle enhanced aluminum-based composite material of room temperature mechanical ball milling induction solid state reaction.
Background technology
Aluminum matrix composite has advantages such as high specific strength, high specific stiffness, heat-resisting, wear-resisting, low bulk, high thermal conductance and design freedom be big, be a kind of structure-function integration advanced material that has superior structural and functional performance concurrently, have important use in fields such as aerospace, automobile, Electronic Packaging and sports industries and be worth and wide application prospect.Along with threatening human survival, the energy and environmental problem increasingly sharpen, the deep development in fields such as communications and transportation, aerospace, electronic information, national defence, industry and sports industry, increasing to the demand that has multiple 26S Proteasome Structure and Function light high-intensity aluminum base matrix material concurrently.Because aluminium nitride has favorable mechanical performance and heat conductivility, aluminum nitride particle can be the good strongthener of aluminum matrix composite.The aluminium nitride reinforced aluminum matrix composites is with a wide range of applications in aerospace and particularly Electronic Packaging field owing to have favorable mechanical performance (high specific strength, high specific stiffness, wear-resisting) and good physical (high heat conduction and low bulk) concurrently.
Powder metallurgic method is one of important method of preparation metal-base composites, and the matrix material for preparing with this method has that ceramic particle volume fraction wide region is adjustable, surface reaction is little and advantage such as the mechanical good physical performance of matrix material.To prepare particles reiforced metal-base composition substantially all be to adopt the method add ceramic particle to powder metallurgy in the past, is about to ceramic particle and metal-powder and mixes, and is prepared into block materials through operations such as overcompaction, sintering, extruding then.But add ceramic particle and tend to bring more serious interface pollution, add simultaneously ceramic particle often and between matrix metal physics and chemical compatibility bad, generally have surface reaction.Particularly when adding ceramic particle when very tiny under (as submicron and nanoscale) and the volume fraction condition with higher, homodisperse difficulty often.Compare with outer addition, the in-situ authigenic method can directly generate ceramic particle by chemical reaction in metal, and is lower by the in-situ composite cost of this method preparation, and physics and chemical compatibility are good between ceramic particle and matrix metal.The original position metal-base composites substantially all is to rely on liquid reaction to prepare by the path of casting at present.
Find through literature search, be published in one piece of article that is entitled as " research of AlN/Al in-situ composite " on " heat processing technique, 2003,6:3-4 " prior art.The method that this article is described is: feeding nitrogen at high temperature (1000-1100 ℃) in liquid aluminium alloy, adopt the gas liquid reaction method to prepare the AlN/Al in-situ composite, is a kind of liquid method, needs high temperature.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is at the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of method for preparing aluminum nitride particle enhanced aluminum-based composite material is provided, adopt room temperature mechanical ball milling original position solid state reaction to prepare aluminum nitride particle enhanced aluminum-based composite material, solution adds the ceramic particle powder metallurgic method and prepares the aluminium nitride reinforced aluminum matrix composites and have interface pollution and physical chemistry compatibility problem, improve the homogeneity that aluminum nitride particle distributes, improve the interface junction merging and overcome interface pollution, thereby improve performance of composites.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions, the present invention earlier is prepared into aluminium nitride and aluminium composite particles by mechanical ball milling with solid-state itrogenous organic substance (trimeric cyanamide) and aluminium powder or Al alloy powder, the back sealing that outgases in the aluminium jacket of then aluminium nitride and aluminium composite particles being packed into prepares into aluminum nitride particle enhanced aluminum-based composite material through hot isostatic pressing again.During the ball milling, because the effect of mechanical energy, aluminium powder is constantly by refinement, and and solid-state itrogenous organic substance parcel mutually repeatedly, significantly improve contacting of solid itrogenous organic substance and aluminium powder.Ball milling makes the enough energy of storage in the pressed powder, brings out aluminium powder and trimeric cyanamide reacts, and generates aluminium nitride powder.Can prepare different volumes fractional aluminum nitride particle enhanced aluminum-based composite material by the ratio of adjusting aluminium powder (or Al alloy powder) and trimeric cyanamide.
The inventive method comprises the steps:
The first step, aluminium powder (or Al alloy powder) and trimeric cyanamide powder are mixed according to preset proportion (how many aluminium powder and trimeric cyanamide ratios are determined according to the desired nitrogen aluminum particulate of target matrix material volume fraction, this is to not influence of enforcement of the present invention), under protection of inert gas, adopt the reaction of mechanical ball milling induction aluminium powder and trimeric cyanamide, prepare and contain the aluminium nitride of setting the volume fraction aluminium nitride and the composite particles of aluminium;
Described ball milling, its ratio of grinding media to material are 50:1, concrete parameter: with 64 rev/mins of rotating speeds, batch mixing 20 minutes is brought up to 426 rev/mins rotating speed then earlier, and ball mill carried out alternate run in per 60 minutes; Ball milling 15 hours obtains the composite particles of aluminium nitride and aluminium.
Described rare gas element is any one in all rare gas elementes.
Aluminium powder provides reaction required aluminium atom among the present invention, and solid-state itrogenous organic substance provides reaction required nitrogen-atoms, and the rare gas element in the ball milling only is a protective gas, does not participate in chemical reaction.
In second step, above-mentioned composite particles packed into to outgas in the aluminium jacket, after the degassing aluminium jacket is sealed;
The described degassing is meant and carries out 200 ℃ of degassings 1 hour in the aluminium jacket of packing into, again 350 ℃ of degassings 2 hours.
The 3rd step was put into the aluminium jacket that contains the aluminium nitride composite particles of above-mentioned sealing and carries out hot isostatic pressing in the hot isostatic pressing stove, prepared final aluminum nitride particle enhanced aluminum-based composite material.
Described hot isostatic pressing is meant 500 ℃ of hot isostatic pressings 4 hours.
The present invention is by room temperature mechanical ball milling aluminium (or aluminium alloy) powder and solid itrogenous organic substance powder, and direct in-situ generates the composite powder of aluminium nitride and aluminium, prepares the method for aluminum nitride particle enhanced aluminum-based composite material then by the degassing and hot isostatic pressing.Adopt the present invention not need to add the aluminium nitride ceramics particle, the matrix material of preparation has the aluminium nitride ceramics even particle distribution, and has and combine advantage good and that clean with the matrix metal interface.Compare with the prior powder metallurgy method, the present invention can significantly improve the homogeneity that aluminum nitride particle in the matrix material distributes, and effect is especially obvious under the little and high-volume fractional situation in particle size; In the matrix material of preparation between aluminum nitride particle and aluminum substrate the interface be combined and there is no interface pollution; The aluminum nitride particle enhanced aluminum-based composite material of preparation has more high strength and toughness (under equal volume mark and the same process condition, add aluminum nitride particle enhanced aluminum-based composite material intensity and improve more than 9%, toughness improves more than 12%).
Embodiment
Below embodiments of the invention are elaborated: present embodiment has provided detailed embodiment and process being to implement under the prerequisite with the technical solution of the present invention, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to following embodiment.
In following examples, aluminium powder and trimeric cyanamide ratio come to determine what according to the desired nitrogen aluminum particulate of target matrix material volume fraction, below are that 10%, 20%, 40% aluminium nitride and fine aluminium composite particles are example with volume fraction, describe.
Embodiment 1
The first step: claim 100-200 order pure aluminium powder 11.28 grams, trimeric cyanamide 0.72 gram, ball 600 grams, wherein big ball and bead respectively account for half weight and put into ball grinder (being that ratio of grinding media to material is 50:1), feed the rare gas element argon gas and carry out gas shield.4 ball grinders that comprise above-mentioned mixed powder are put in QM-1SP4 planetary ball mill (Nanjing Univ. Instrument Factory), after fixedly securing, earlier with 64 rev/mins of batch mixings 20 minutes, the speed of bringing up to 426 rev/mins then turned round, and ball mill carried out alternate run in per 60 minutes.Ball milling 15 hours obtains that aluminum nitride particle is evenly distributed, volume fraction is 10% aluminium nitride and fine aluminium composite particles.
Second step: above-mentioned aluminium nitride and fine aluminium composite particles are taken out, carry out 200 ℃ of degassings 1 hour in the aluminium jacket of packing into, again 350 ℃ of degassings 2 hours.After the degassing aluminium jacket is sealed.
The 3rd step: the aluminium jacket of above-mentioned sealing is put in the hot isostatic pressing stove, 500 ℃ of hot isostatic pressings 4 hours.
Through above-mentioned three steps, the total volume fraction that can prepare densification is 10% aluminum nitride particle enhancing pure aluminium-based composite material.Through transmission electron microscope observing, the interface cleaning does not have other foreign material between aluminium nitride and aluminum substrate; Do not find interface unsticking phenomenon on the stretching fracture, show that the interface is in conjunction with good.Prepared matrix material adds aluminum nitride particle and strengthens the raising of pure aluminium-based composite material intensity more than 9% than under equal volume mark and the same process condition, and toughness improves more than 12%.
Embodiment 2
The first step: claim 100-200 order pure aluminium powder 10.62 grams, trimeric cyanamide 1.38 grams, ball 600 grams, wherein big ball and bead respectively account for half weight and put into ball grinder (being that ratio of grinding media to material is 50:1), feed the rare gas element helium and carry out gas shield.4 ball grinders that comprise above-mentioned mixed powder are put in QM-1SP4 planetary ball mill (Nanjing Univ. Instrument Factory), after fixedly securing, earlier with 64 rev/mins of batch mixings 20 minutes, the speed of bringing up to 426 rev/mins then turned round, and ball mill carried out alternate run in per 60 minutes.Ball milling 15 hours obtains that aluminum nitride particle is evenly distributed, volume fraction is 20% aluminium nitride and fine aluminium composite particles.
Second step: above-mentioned aluminium nitride and fine aluminium composite particles are taken out, carry out 200 ℃ of degassings 1 hour in the aluminium jacket of packing into, again 350 ℃ of degassings 2 hours.After the degassing aluminium jacket is sealed.
The 3rd step: the aluminium jacket of above-mentioned sealing is put in the hot isostatic pressing stove, 500 ℃ of hot isostatic pressings 4 hours.
Through above-mentioned three steps, the total volume fraction that can prepare densification is 20% aluminum nitride particle enhancing pure aluminium-based composite material.Through transmission electron microscope observing, the interface cleaning does not have other foreign material between aluminium nitride and aluminum substrate; Do not find interface unsticking phenomenon on the stretching fracture, show that the interface is in conjunction with good.Prepared matrix material adds aluminum nitride particle and strengthens the raising of pure aluminium-based composite material intensity more than 9% than under equal volume mark and the same process condition, and toughness improves more than 12%.
Embodiment 3
The first step: claim 100-200 order aluminium powders 9.44 grams, trimeric cyanamide 2.56 grams, ball 600 grams, wherein big ball and bead respectively account for half weight and put into ball grinder (being that ratio of grinding media to material is 50:1), feed the rare gas element neon and carry out gas shield.4 ball grinders that comprise above-mentioned mixed powder are put in QM-1SP4 planetary ball mill (Nanjing Univ. Instrument Factory), after fixedly securing, earlier with 64 rev/mins of batch mixings 20 minutes, the speed of bringing up to 426 rev/mins then turned round, and ball mill carried out alternate run in per 60 minutes.Ball milling 15 hours obtains that aluminum nitride particle is evenly distributed, volume fraction is 40% aluminium nitride and fine aluminium composite particles.
Second step: above-mentioned aluminium nitride and fine aluminium composite particles are taken out, carry out 200 ℃ of degassings 1 hour in the aluminium jacket of packing into, again 350 ℃ of degassings 2 hours.After the degassing aluminium jacket is sealed.
The 3rd step: the aluminium jacket of above-mentioned sealing is put in the hot isostatic pressing stove, 500 ℃ of hot isostatic pressings 4 hours.
Through above-mentioned three steps, the total volume fraction that can prepare densification is 40% aluminum nitride particle enhancing pure aluminium-based composite material.Through transmission electron microscope observing, the interface cleaning does not have other foreign material between aluminium nitride and aluminum substrate; Do not find interface unsticking phenomenon on the stretching fracture, show that the interface is in conjunction with good.Prepared matrix material adds aluminum nitride particle and strengthens the raising of pure aluminium-based composite material intensity more than 9% than under equal volume mark and the same process condition, and toughness improves more than 12%.
Embodiment 4
The first step: claim 100-200 orders, 6061 aluminium powders 9.44 grams, trimeric cyanamide 2.56 grams, ball 600 grams, wherein big ball and bead respectively account for half weight and put into ball grinder (being that ratio of grinding media to material is 50:1), feed the rare gas element argon gas and carry out gas shield.4 ball grinders that comprise above-mentioned mixed powder are put in QM-1SP4 planetary ball mill (Nanjing Univ. Instrument Factory), after fixedly securing, earlier with 64 rev/mins of batch mixings 20 minutes, the speed of bringing up to 426 rev/mins then turned round, and ball mill carried out alternate run in per 60 minutes.Ball milling 15 hours obtains that aluminum nitride particle is evenly distributed, volume fraction is 40% aluminium nitride and 6061 aluminium composite particles.
Second step: above-mentioned aluminium nitride and 6061 aluminium composite particles are taken out, carry out 200 ℃ of degassings 1 hour in the aluminium jacket of packing into, again 350 ℃ of degassings 2 hours.After the degassing aluminium jacket is sealed.
The 3rd step: the aluminium jacket of above-mentioned sealing is put in the hot isostatic pressing stove, 500 ℃ of hot isostatic pressings 4 hours.
Through above-mentioned three steps, can prepare fine and close total volume fraction and be 40% aluminum nitride particle and strengthen 6061 aluminum matrix composites.Through transmission electron microscope observing, the interface cleaning does not have other foreign material between aluminium nitride and aluminum substrate; Do not find interface unsticking phenomenon on the stretching fracture, show that the interface is in conjunction with good.Prepared matrix material adds aluminum nitride particle and strengthens the raising of 6061 aluminum matrix composite intensity more than 9% than under equal volume mark and the same process condition, and toughness improves more than 12%.
Claims (5)
1, a kind of method for preparing aluminum nitride particle enhanced aluminum-based composite material is characterized in that, comprises the steps:
The first step, aluminium powder or Al alloy powder and trimeric cyanamide powder are mixed according to preset proportion, under protection of inert gas, adopt the reaction of mechanical ball milling induction aluminium powder and trimeric cyanamide, prepare and contain the aluminium nitride of setting the volume fraction aluminium nitride and the composite particles of aluminium;
In second step, above-mentioned composite particles packed into to outgas in the aluminium jacket, after the degassing aluminium jacket is sealed;
The 3rd step was put into the aluminium jacket that contains the aluminium nitride composite particles of above-mentioned sealing and carries out hot isostatic pressing in the hot isostatic pressing stove, prepared final aluminum nitride particle enhanced aluminum-based composite material.
2, the method for preparing aluminum nitride particle enhanced aluminum-based composite material according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described ball milling, and its ratio of grinding media to material is 50:1.
3, according to claim 1 or the 2 described methods that prepare aluminum nitride particle enhanced aluminum-based composite material, it is characterized in that described ball milling is: earlier with 64 rev/mins of rotating speeds, batch mixing 20 minutes, bring up to 426 rev/mins rotating speed then, ball mill carried out alternate run in per 60 minutes; Ball milling 15 hours obtains the composite particles of aluminium nitride and aluminium.
4, the method for preparing aluminum nitride particle enhanced aluminum-based composite material according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the described degassing is meant and carries out 200 ℃ of degassings 1 hour in the aluminium jacket of packing into, again 350 ℃ of degassings 2 hours.
5, the method for preparing aluminum nitride particle enhanced aluminum-based composite material according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described hot isostatic pressing is meant 500 ℃ of hot isostatic pressings 4 hours.
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102114719A (en) * | 2009-12-30 | 2011-07-06 | 北京有色金属研究总院 | Aluminium-plated particle reinforced aluminum-matrix composite material and preparation method thereof |
| CN104762514A (en) * | 2015-03-23 | 2015-07-08 | 蚌埠市鸿安精密机械有限公司 | Fly ash aluminium-based composite material with high cold resistance performance and stability and preparation method thereof |
| US10058916B2 (en) | 2010-12-13 | 2018-08-28 | Gkn Sinter Metals, Llc | Aluminum alloy powder metal with high thermal conductivity |
| CN110592412A (en) * | 2019-10-18 | 2019-12-20 | 南京理工大学 | Nano AlN particle reinforced mixed crystal heat-resistant aluminum-based composite material and preparation method thereof |
| CN111733375A (en) * | 2020-07-09 | 2020-10-02 | 湖南金天铝业高科技股份有限公司 | Boron nitride and aluminum nitride reinforced aluminum-based composite material, and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN115261660A (en) * | 2022-09-30 | 2022-11-01 | 昆明理工大学 | Preparation method of high-strength high-heat-conductivity aluminum alloy material |
-
2008
- 2008-12-25 CN CN2008102077746A patent/CN101435030B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102114719A (en) * | 2009-12-30 | 2011-07-06 | 北京有色金属研究总院 | Aluminium-plated particle reinforced aluminum-matrix composite material and preparation method thereof |
| US10058916B2 (en) | 2010-12-13 | 2018-08-28 | Gkn Sinter Metals, Llc | Aluminum alloy powder metal with high thermal conductivity |
| CN104762514A (en) * | 2015-03-23 | 2015-07-08 | 蚌埠市鸿安精密机械有限公司 | Fly ash aluminium-based composite material with high cold resistance performance and stability and preparation method thereof |
| CN110592412A (en) * | 2019-10-18 | 2019-12-20 | 南京理工大学 | Nano AlN particle reinforced mixed crystal heat-resistant aluminum-based composite material and preparation method thereof |
| CN111733375A (en) * | 2020-07-09 | 2020-10-02 | 湖南金天铝业高科技股份有限公司 | Boron nitride and aluminum nitride reinforced aluminum-based composite material, and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN111733375B (en) * | 2020-07-09 | 2022-05-10 | 湖南金天铝业高科技股份有限公司 | Boron nitride and aluminum nitride reinforced aluminum-based composite material, and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN115261660A (en) * | 2022-09-30 | 2022-11-01 | 昆明理工大学 | Preparation method of high-strength high-heat-conductivity aluminum alloy material |
| CN115261660B (en) * | 2022-09-30 | 2022-12-20 | 昆明理工大学 | Preparation method of high-strength high-heat-conductivity aluminum alloy material |
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