CN101434464B - 粉煤灰高效活化剂的制备方法 - Google Patents
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- GEHJYWRUCIMESM-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium sulfite Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])=O GEHJYWRUCIMESM-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 9
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- C04B40/00—Processes, in general, for influencing or modifying the properties of mortars, concrete or artificial stone compositions, e.g. their setting or hardening ability
- C04B40/0028—Aspects relating to the mixing step of the mortar preparation
- C04B40/0039—Premixtures of ingredients
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B20/00—Use of materials as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone according to more than one of groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 and characterised by shape or grain distribution; Treatment of materials according to more than one of the groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Expanding or defibrillating materials
- C04B20/10—Coating or impregnating
- C04B20/1018—Coating or impregnating with organic materials
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- C04B2103/00—Function or property of ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种粉煤灰高效活化剂的制备方法，属于新材料技术领域。其特征是Na2SO4含量大于90％的硫酸钠和Na2SO3含量大于90％的亚硫酸钠按重量比1：1比例搅拌混合2分钟，得到中间混合体A；将三乙醇胺用水稀释至浓度20％，按中间混合体A与稀释液重量比1：0.2取稀释液喷洒在中间混合体A中，经102℃烘干至恒重，得到中间混合体B；将中间体B与CaO含量大于85％且细度大于80目的石灰和KAl(SO4)2·12H2O含量大于90％的明矾按重量比2.02：2：1搅拌2分钟制成。本发明的有益效果是该高效粉煤灰活化剂该活化剂原材料价格低廉，生产工艺简单、使用方便。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于新材料技术领域，涉及到使用明矾、硫酸钠、亚硫酸钠、石灰及三乙醇胺作为原材料配制一种高效粉煤灰活化剂的方法。
背景技术
粉煤灰是燃煤电厂烟筒收集的灰尘，其主要成分是SiO2、AL2O3、Fe2O3等。全世界粉煤灰年排放量约为500亿吨，我国年排放量达1亿吨以上。粉煤灰是一种典型的工业废渣，如不加以利用，会给环境造成严重污染，并且占用土地资源。我国及全世界各国均大力推进粉煤灰的综合利用，使之变废为宝。粉煤灰主要用于建材、回填、筑路和农(种植)业等方面。其中建材方面主要用于作为混凝土的掺合料。粉煤灰中的主要化学成分是SiO2、AL2O3、Fe2O3等，它们具有一定的潜在活性，可与水泥水化生成的Ca(OH)2进行二次水化反应，但由于粉煤灰中SiO2、AL2O3、Fe2O3的化学活性有限，其与Ca(OH)2反应速度较慢且反应量也有限，故粉煤灰作为混凝土的掺合料替代水泥的量较低，一般为混凝土中水泥总量的30％左右。超过这一限度，混凝土的强度降低很多，因而限制了粉煤灰的大量使用。为了激发粉煤灰的潜在活性以便更大限度的使用粉煤灰替代水泥来配制混凝土，国内外对此进行了大量的研究，目前国内外关于激发粉煤灰的方法主要有物理方法和化学方法。物理方法主要是对粉煤灰进行二次磨细，该方法可使粉煤灰在混凝土中原掺量的基础上提高10％左右，但进行二次磨细灰消耗大量电能且会造成噪声污染，其综合效益并不理想。化学方法主要是掺入化学激发剂来激发粉煤灰的潜在活性，该方法使用较简单，从国内外的研究报道看，目前其提高粉煤灰掺量的幅度一般在20％左右。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是提供一种粉煤灰高效活化剂，解决大掺量粉煤灰配制混凝土时混凝土强度低且强度发展慢的问题。
本发明的技术方案是以无机盐明矾(KAl(SO4)2·12H2O含量大于90％)、硫酸钠(Na2SO4含量大于90％)、亚硫酸钠(Na2SO3含量大于90％)、石灰(CaO含量大于85％，细度大于80目)和无机化合物三乙醇胺(含量大于90％)，按重量比1∶1∶1∶2∶0.02进行充分混合而制成高效粉煤灰活化剂。混合方法为：先将硫酸钠和亚硫酸钠按重量比1∶1比例在搅拌机内充分混合2分钟，称为中间混合体A；将三乙醇胺用水稀释至浓度20％，按中间混合体A与稀释液重量比1∶0.2取稀释液喷洒在中间混合体A中，经102℃烘干至恒重，称为中间混合体B；将中间体B与石灰和明矾按重量比2.02∶2∶1放入搅拌机内充分搅拌2分钟而成最终产品。
本发明的效果和益处是粉煤灰中的主要成分SiO2、AL2O3、Fe2O3以玻璃体形式存在，其结构的聚合度很大，键能很高，因而活性较低；本发明的粉煤灰高效活化剂可有效降低Si-O Al-O键的键能，使SI4+、Al3+离子成为活性状态，从而大幅度激发活化粉煤灰中SiO2、AL2O3、Fe2O3的潜在活性，从而在不降低混凝土强度和和易性前提下，使粉煤灰用量增加到70％以上。这种粉煤灰活化剂是有机材料和无机材料复合而成的新型高效粉煤灰活性激发剂，掺量低，只占混凝土配合比中胶凝材料总量1-3％。该活化剂原材料价格低廉，生产工艺简单，使用方便，具有良好的经济效益和社会效益。
具体实施方式
以下结合技术方案详细叙述本发明的具体实施例。
方案一：
步骤1.将硫酸钠(Na2SO4含量大于90％)和亚硫酸钠(Na2SO3含量大于90％)按重量比1∶1放入强制式搅拌机中充分搅拌2分钟，成中间混合体A。
步骤2.将三乙醇胺(含量大于90％)用水稀释至浓度20％，按中间混合体A与稀释液重量比1∶0.2取稀释液喷洒在中间混合体A中，经102℃烘干至恒重，称为中间混合体B。
步骤3.将中间体B与石灰(CaO含量大于85％，细度大于80目)和明矾(KAl(SO4)2·12H2O含量大于90％)按重量比2.02∶2∶1放入强制式搅拌机内充分搅拌2分钟而成最终产品。
方案二：
步骤1.将硫酸钠(Na2SO4含量大于90％)和亚硫酸钠(Na2SO3含量大于90％)按重量比1.2∶0.8放入混凝土强制式搅拌机中充分搅拌2分钟，成中间混合体A。
步骤2：与方案一的步骤3相同。
Claims (1)
1.一种粉煤灰高效活化剂的制备方法，其特征在于：将Na2SO4含量大于90％的硫酸钠和Na2SO3含量大于90％的亚硫酸钠按重量比1∶1比例搅拌混合2分钟，得到中间混合体A；将三乙醇胺用水稀释至浓度20％，按中间混合体A与稀释液重量比1∶0.2取稀释液喷洒在中间混合体A中，经102℃烘干至恒重，得到中间混合体B；将中间体B与CaO含量大于85％且细度大于80目的石灰和KAl(SO4)2·12H2O含量大于90％的明矾按重量比2.02∶2∶1搅拌2分钟制成的一种高效粉煤灰活化剂。
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| CN101434464B true CN101434464B (zh) | 2011-04-27 |
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Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105753355B (zh) * | 2015-12-29 | 2018-09-28 | 安徽省高迪环保股份有限公司 | 一种超细改性粉煤灰生产方法 |
| CN106587687B (zh) * | 2015-12-29 | 2019-02-19 | 安徽省高迪环保股份有限公司 | 一种超细改性粉煤灰 |
| CN105780121B (zh) * | 2016-04-18 | 2018-02-13 | 中南大学 | 一种以粉煤灰为原料合成托贝莫来石晶须的方法 |
| CN109704611B (zh) * | 2018-09-14 | 2021-10-19 | 石家庄铁道大学 | 一种大掺量低钙粉煤灰早期活性激发剂 |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN1380266A (zh) * | 2001-04-10 | 2002-11-20 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司九江分公司 | 粉煤灰活化剂 |
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| CN1380266A (zh) * | 2001-04-10 | 2002-11-20 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司九江分公司 | 粉煤灰活化剂 |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 刘宝珠."HB"粉煤灰活化剂的研制及应用.《科学研究》.2004,(第4期),12-13. |
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