CN101422124A - Greenhouse intelligent drip-irrigation device - Google Patents
Greenhouse intelligent drip-irrigation device Download PDFInfo
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- CN101422124A CN101422124A CNA2008101540162A CN200810154016A CN101422124A CN 101422124 A CN101422124 A CN 101422124A CN A2008101540162 A CNA2008101540162 A CN A2008101540162A CN 200810154016 A CN200810154016 A CN 200810154016A CN 101422124 A CN101422124 A CN 101422124A
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- drip irrigation
- control valve
- pump
- mother liquor
- nutrient solution
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
- Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures
Abstract
The invention relates to a greenhouse intelligent drip irrigation device, which is characterized by comprising a hardware part and a software part; wherein, the hardware comprises six parts of modular design which are a back washing filter mechanism, a material liquid supplying mechanism, a material liquid mixing mechanism, a nutrition liquid drip irrigation mechanism, an electronic control mechanism and a nutrition liquid detection device; wherein, the back washing filter mechanism comprises a back washing device as well as a valve and a pressure sensor which are externally connected; the material liquid supplying mechanism comprises a mother liquor A1 supplying branch, a mother liquor B1 supplying branch and an acid/alkali liquid supplying branch which are connected in parallel; the material liquid mixing mechanism comprises a liquid storage tank as well as an upper cover and a stirring pump matched with the liquid storage tank; the electronic control mechanism comprises two control branches of a pump and a solenoid pilot actuated valve which are controlled by an industrial computer; the software part comprises the procedures of nutrition liquid detection and control; and the control procedure comprises a main procedure, four sub-procedures and a knowledge base.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the agricultural drop irrigation technology, be specially a kind of greenhouse intelligent drip-irrigation device that adopts fuzzy control technology, can be widely used in the soilless culture of chamber crop and the nutrient fluid drip irrigation of controlled agricultural.
Background technology
Greenhouse soilless culture obtains large tracts of land in China and promotes because of it has little, the advantages such as indoor temperature is controlled, suitable plant growth of being affected by the external environment.Chamber crop horn of plenty common people's vegetable basket has been made huge contribution.The preparation of nutrient solution and drip irrigation technique are its important component parts in the greenhouse soilless culture technology, to improving the industrialized agriculture benefit very important influence are arranged.But because the restriction of conditions such as human factor, technology and equipment, the greenhouse soilless culture technology exists nutrient solution preparation inaccuracy, the drip irrigation automaticity is low, practicality is poor, data are inaccurate and shortcoming such as the science of making a strategic decision not.So people begin technology such as detection, feedback, control automatically, automatic liquid matching are applied in the nutrient solution dosing and drip irrigation technique of greenhouse soilless culture.A kind of nutrient solution feed flow control method (referring to ZL01118328.4) of soilless culture is disclosed at " the soilless culture nutrient fluid allotment and the drip irrigation robot brain " of designs such as Cao Dongxing, its major technique content is to adopt the Single-chip Controlling magnetic valve, the mode control pump threshold switch time is to realize supporting the liquid allotment in proportion, and allocated one barrel of one barrel of drip irrigation and finished a drip irrigation circulation with this, can not realize the irrigation of continuous drip irrigation and large greenhouse, and foster liquid mixed process adopts the driven by motor blade to realize mixing second-rate, the long-time use can produce precipitation in pipeline, do not have back purge system when pipeline blockage again, intelligence operation can not be realized in this system inscience storehouse.A kind of nutrient solution feed flow control method (referring to " XI AN JIAOTONG UNIVERSITY Subject Index " 2008 the 3rd phase P348) of soilless culture is disclosed in " fertigation Research of Automatic Control System and exploitation " literary composition that Wei Zhengying etc. delivers, its major technique content is that nutrient solution forms whirlpool by ball valve, rotation by whirlpool self mixes various fertilizer, adopts single-chip microcomputer and variable frequency adjustment technology control drip irrigation.The deficiency of this method is: the control accuracy of nutrient solution concentration and pH value is low, system is washed in system self non-recoil, can not remove voluntarily when contamination precipitation occurring in the drip irrigation process, and not have expert decision system, can not realize intelligence operation, so its application is subjected to certain limitation.A kind of preparation and drip irrigation system (referring to " computer engineering " o. 11th P138 in 2003) of soilless culture nutrient fluid are disclosed in " industrialized agriculture drip irrigation amount control model and nutrient solution supply automatic control system " article that Cheng Yuehua etc. delivers, this system adopts sedimentation basin and membrane pump to prevent that impurity from blocking, and, adopt single-chip microcomputer closed-loop control drip irrigation based on artificial neural network control model.This system's shortcoming is to adopt the sedimentation basin occupied ground, has increased soil requirement or restriction, has further increased cost, and this system uses PI to regulate the concentration and the pH value of nutrient solution simultaneously, and precision preparation is low, and also intelligence operation can not be realized in the inscience storehouse.
Summary of the invention
At the deficiencies in the prior art, the technical problem that quasi-solution of the present invention is determined is, a kind of greenhouse intelligent drip-irrigation device is provided, this equipment can be rapid, mixotrophism liquid stably, realize real time liquor-mixing, real-time drip irrigation, can use backwashing pump to clean to the impurity that in dosing and drip irrigation process, produces, manual and automatic two kinds of functions are arranged, and can carry out intelligence operation, to the temperature of crop alimentary liquid, concentration and acidity value are monitored in real time and are controlled, have reasonable in design, parameter measurement is accurate, decision science, intelligent degree height, operability is good, advantages such as cost is lower, and is practical.
The technical scheme that the present invention solves described equipment and technology problem is: design a kind of greenhouse intelligent drip-irrigation device, it is characterized in that this equipment comprises the hardware and software two large divisions, wherein hardware comprises six parts of modularized design: backwash filter mechanism, material liquid feed mechanism, material liquid mixed organization, nutrient fluid drip irrigation mechanism, electrical control mechanism and nutrient solution testing agency;
Described backwash filter mechanism comprises back purge system and the water inlet control valve external with it, outlet water control valve, backwash control valve and pressure sensor, back purge system comprises the cylindrical shell of vertical design, with the equipped cover of cylindrical shell sealing, bottom at barrel wall has water inlet, water inlet is installed into water control valve, and water inlet is equipped with the folding cover plate at an end of inner barrel, be connected pressure sensor between water inlet and the barrel wall, top at barrel wall has delivery port, delivery port is installed outlet water control valve, the opposite side corresponding with described water inlet in the barrel wall bottom has sewage draining exit, and sewage draining exit is installed blowoff valve; Have the backwash mouth at the center of cover, the backwash mouth is installed the backwash control valve; Screen pack is installed in cylindrical shell, and the base of screen pack is fixed on the bottom of cylindrical shell, and the apical position of screen pack is higher than described delivery port; Described water inlet control valve, outlet water control valve, backwash control valve are controlled by the pressure sensor of controlling organization; The improvement of described screen pack is designed to detachable double-deck dome column type structure, fills out the lining nonwoven between the double-layer filtering net;
Three branch roads that described material liquid feed mechanism comprises and connects, one is mother liquor A
1Supply with branch road: mother liquor A
1Fluid reservoir is the mother liquor A of pipeline connection successively
1Voltage stabilizing strainer valve, mother liquor A
1Pump and mother liquor A
1Flow control valve, and insert fluid reservoir; The second branch road is mother liquor B
1Supply with branch road: mother liquor B
1Fluid reservoir is the mother liquor B of pipeline connection successively
1Voltage stabilizing strainer valve, mother liquor B
1Pump and mother liquor B
1Flow control valve, and insert fluid reservoir; Article three, be that acid/alkali lye is supplied with branch road: acid/alkali fluid reservoir is acid/alkali voltage stabilizing strainer valve, acid/alkali pump and the acid/alkali flow control valve of pipeline connection successively, and inserts fluid reservoir;
Described material liquid mixed organization comprises fluid reservoir, with the equipped open-type loam cake of fluid reservoir with stir pump; The top of fluid reservoir is the input port of solution to be mixed, has in a side of fluid reservoir and stirs input port and drip irrigation delivery outlet, and opposite side is to stir delivery outlet; Described stirring input port pipe connects an end that stirs pump, and described stirring delivery outlet pipe connects the other end that stirs pump, forms nutrient solution and mixes the stirring loop; Parallel design has liquid to hold back pipeline on mixing stirring loop, holds back inner concentration sensor and the pH value sensor placed of pipeline, and described drip irrigation delivery outlet and drip irrigation pump line connect; Described fluid reservoir inside is provided with 3-5 baffle plates of staggered parallel installation, and baffle plate constitutes the nutrient solution flow channel of S shape, and liquid level sensor and temperature sensor also are installed in the fluid reservoir;
Described nutrient fluid drip irrigation mechanism comprises drip irrigation pump, drip irrigation control valve, reversing control valve and the voltage stabilizing strainer valve that pipeline connects; The drip irrigation delivery outlet pipe of the inlet of drip irrigation pump and fluid reservoir one side connects, and drip irrigation delivery side of pump pipe successively connects drip irrigation control valve, pressure maintaining valve and reversing control valve;
Described electrical control mechanism comprises two control branch roads that industrial computer, control valve, contactor, solid-state relay and power supply constitute, and one is the control branch road of described each pump; Another is the control branch road of described each magnetic valve:
Described nutrient solution testing agency comprises measurement of concetration circuit, acidity measurement circuit, temperature measuring circuit, level gauging circuit and pressure measurement circuitry; The concentration testing circuit comprises concentration sensor, and an end of concentration sensor connects signal generator, and the other end is connected with the A/D converter with voltage follower, single amplifier amplifier successively; The acidity testing circuit comprises acidity sensor, and acidity sensor is connected to the A/D converter by three amplifier high cmrr amplifying circuits; Temperature measuring circuit comprises temperature sensor, and temperature sensor is connected to the A/D converter by the temperature-compensation circuit of single amplifier; Liquid level detection circuit comprises liquid level sensor, and liquid level sensor is connected to the A/D converter by in-phase amplifier; Pressure measurement circuitry comprises pressure sensor, and pressure sensor is connected to the A/D converter by three amplifier high cmrr amplifying circuits, and the A/D converter is connected with industrial computer;
Described software section comprises that nutrient solution detects and control program: control program comprises a main program, four subprograms and a knowledge base; Described main program comprises: the program that pressure judgement, nutrient solution parameter detecting, execution fuzzy control, drip irrigation output, drip irrigation fate and drip irrigation number of times are judged and called corresponding four subprograms respectively when system initialization setting, button judgement, liquid level judgement, line clogging; Described four subroutine packs are drawn together: parameter input subroutine, low liquid level solution add subprogram, high liquid level solution adds subprogram and backwash subprogram; Concentration and acidity value when described fuzzy control adopts artificial setting nutrient solution to export, system detects instantaneous value by concentration sensor, acidity sensor, then the instantaneous value that detects is compared with standard value and draw difference, call mother liquor A in the respective two-dimensional fuzzy control rule table according to the deviation of concentration and acidity value
1, mother liquor B
1, acid/alkali lye the input switch amount, carry out systemic circulation by closed-loop control and detect, realize real time liquor-mixing, drip irrigation in real time; Described knowledge base comprises: common corps nutrient formula of liquid table and plantation knowledge table; The nutrient solution prescription table contains the nutrient composition prescription of different crops different times; The requirements that comprises crops different times nutrient solution commonly used in the plantation knowledge table.
Compared with prior art, drip irrigation equipment of the present invention has following advantage:
1. adopt fuzzy control principle (referring to Figure 12), the start nutrient solution preparation time is short, and about 15 minutes of available machine time can normally begin drip irrigation, realizes real time liquor-mixing, real-time drip irrigation;
2. be furnished with knowledge base, comprise (embodiment is common kind more than ten) proportion of crop planting knowledge and nutrient solution prescription thereof of designing requirement, make this drip irrigation appliance realize intelligent control;
3. adopt back purge system (referring to Fig. 7-8) to carry out regular and irregular cleaning to the impurity in the water inlet pipe by manual and automatics, guarantee the nutrient solution quality, use the high pressure nutrient solution that stirs in the pump to carry out backwash, and simple in structure, power consumption is few, and cost is low;
4. adopt independent stirring pump to connect the fluid reservoir design, the inner baffle design (referring to Fig. 4-6) that adopts of its liquid storage tank structure design, circulation is stirred and is combined with nutrient solution S type flowing phase, and simple in structure, energy consumption is low, and running is convenient, and fault is few, and stability is high;
5. be connected to drip irrigation control valve, pressure maintaining valve and reversing control valve at the liquid outlet place of drip irrigation pump.The drip irrigation control valve is the nutrient solution consumption of First Astronautic Research Institute for Measurement and Test's drip irrigation accurately, and pressure maintaining valve can play a protective role, and protection drip irrigation control valve prevents that extraneous nutrient solution pressure is excessive and seepage and anti-the filling occur; Simultaneously can realize the constant voltage of nutrient solution in the drip irrigation process, reversing solenoid valve can carry out drip irrigation to a plurality of drip irrigations district under non-stop-machine state;
6. to the mother liquor pump A of frequent use
1, flow control valve and mother liquor pump B
1And flow control valve has carried out Redundancy Design, the parallel installation of employing two cover mechanisms, realization system redundancy, safety, stability and the reliability of enhancing equipment.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is that the overall structure master of a kind of embodiment of greenhouse intelligent drip-irrigation device of the present invention looks schematic diagram;
Fig. 2 is the overall structure schematic top plan view of a kind of embodiment of greenhouse intelligent drip-irrigation device of the present invention; In Fig. 2, DG represent drip irrigation liquid, PW represent blowdown liquid: A
1Represent mother liquor A
1, B
1Represent mother liquor B
1, A
2Represent mother liquor A
2, B
2Represent mother liquor B
2, on behalf of acid/alkali, E, C represent water;
Fig. 3 is that schematic diagram is looked on the overall structure left side of a kind of embodiment of greenhouse intelligent drip-irrigation device of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is composition and the operation principle schematic diagram of a kind of embodiment of greenhouse intelligent drip-irrigation device of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the fluid reservoir master TV structure schematic diagram of a kind of embodiment of greenhouse intelligent drip-irrigation device of the present invention; In Fig. 5, the mouth of pipe mark of fluid reservoir 4 is respectively: acid inlet S
C, mother liquor A
1Inlet S
A1, mother liquor A
2Inlet S
A2, mother liquor B
1Inlet S
B1, mother liquor B
2Inlet S
B2, water inlet S
E, interface of the level gauge S
U1, interface of the level gauge S
U2, stir input port S
IN, stir delivery outlet S
OUT1, drip irrigation delivery outlet S
OUT2
Fig. 6 is the fluid reservoir plan structure schematic diagram of a kind of embodiment of greenhouse intelligent drip-irrigation device of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is that the back purge system master of a kind of embodiment of greenhouse intelligent drip-irrigation device of the present invention looks schematic diagram;
Fig. 8 is the back purge system schematic top plan view of a kind of embodiment of greenhouse intelligent drip-irrigation device of the present invention; In Fig. 7 and Fig. 8, the mouth of pipe mark of back purge system 10 is respectively: backwash water inlet F
IN1, backwash delivery port F
OUT1, high pressure nutrient solution inlet F
IN2, sewage backwash mouth F
OUT2
Fig. 9 is the control panel photo figure of a kind of embodiment of greenhouse intelligent drip-irrigation device of the present invention;
Figure 10 is the electric control theory schematic diagram of a kind of embodiment of greenhouse intelligent drip-irrigation device of the present invention; In Figure 11, mark KM1, KM2, KM5, KM6, KM7 represent mother liquor A respectively
1Pump, B
1The contactor of pump, acid/alkali pump, stirring pump and drip irrigation pump controller; Mark S1, S2, S5, S6, S7 represent mother liquor A respectively
1Pump, B
1The solid-state relay of pump, acid/alkali pump, stirring pump and drip irrigation pump controller
Figure 11 is the analog circuit schematic diagram of a kind of embodiment of greenhouse intelligent drip-irrigation device of the present invention;
Figure 12 is the fuzzy control principle schematic diagram of a kind of embodiment of greenhouse intelligent drip-irrigation device of the present invention;
Figure 13 is the control program flow chart of a kind of embodiment of greenhouse intelligent drip-irrigation device of the present invention; Wherein, M1 subprogram: low liquid level solution adds subprogram; The M2 subprogram: high liquid level solution adds subprogram; M3 subprogram: backwashing procedures.
Embodiment
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with embodiment and accompanying drawing thereof:
The greenhouse intelligent drip-irrigation device of the present invention's design (is called for short drip irrigation equipment or equipment, referring to Fig. 1-13) feature structure of a kind of embodiment is as follows: this equipment comprises the hardware and software two large divisions, wherein hardware comprises six parts of modularized design: backwash filter mechanism, material liquid feed mechanism, material liquid mixed organization, nutrient fluid drip irrigation mechanism, electrical control mechanism and nutrient solution testing agency.
Described backwash filter mechanism is autonomous Design of the present invention (referring to Fig. 7-8), it comprises back purge system 10 and water inlet control valve 21, outlet water control valve 15, backwash control valve 8 and the pressure sensor 35 etc. external with it, back purge system 10 comprises vertical design, it is characterized in that this crust of the device is to be connected as one by bolt by described cylindrical shell 42 equipped covers 37, seal washer 38.Have water inlet F in the bottom of barrel wall
IN1, water inlet F
IN1External water inlet control valve 21, and water inlet F
IN1End in cylindrical shell 42 inside is equipped with folding cover plate (abbreviation cover plate) 34, and cover plate 34 can be opened backwashing water flow path direction closure along with the direction of water inlet current.At water inlet F
IN1And be connected with pressure sensor 35 between the sidewall of cylindrical shell 42, have delivery port F on the top of cylindrical shell 42
Out1, delivery port F
Out1Pick out water control valve 15, at cylindrical shell 42 bottoms and described water inlet F
INCorresponding opposite side has sewage draining exit F
Out2, sewage draining exit F
Out2(unidirectional) blowoff valve that taper bolt 39, spring 40, regulator bolts 41 machineries are assembled into is installed; Have backwash mouth F at the center of cover 37
IN2, backwash mouth F
IN2External backwash control valve 8; Screen pack 36 is installed in cylindrical shell 42, and screen pack 36 is detachable double-deck dome column type structure, the liner nonwoven, and the base of screen pack 36 is fixed on the bottom of cylindrical shell 42, and the apical position of screen pack 36 is higher than described delivery port F
Out1Described water inlet F
IN1Be connected described delivery port F through water inlet control valve 21 with the water source E that is used to allocate nutrient solution
Out1Connect outlet water control valve 15, and insert nutrient solution fluid reservoir (hereinafter to be referred as fluid reservoir) 4; The circulation that described backwash control valve 8 inserts nutrient solution is stirred in the pipeline (referring to Fig. 2).Described water inlet control valve 21, outlet water control valve 15, backwash control valve 8 are controlled by the pressure sensor 35 of controlling organization.
Water inlet control valve 21, outlet water control valve 15, the backwash control valve 8 of described backwash filter mechanism are magnetic valve, can manually control, and also can realize control automatically by the pressure signal of pressure sensor 35 outputs.Described cylindrical shell 42 embodiment adopt carbon steel material.Described screen pack 36 embodiment are stainless steel.Described sewage component adopts mechanical valve, manually control and regulation.The embodiment of the invention has designed a kind of simple blowoff valve automatically, it by be installed in the sewage draining exit pipeline and with the taper bolt 39 of sewage draining exit inner cavity of pipe coupling, regulator bolts 41 machineries that the spring 40 of pressure are provided and adjust spring 40 pressure for taper bolt assemble (referring to Fig. 7).
Three branch roads that material liquid feed mechanism of the present invention (referring to Fig. 1-2) comprises and connects: one is mother liquor A
1Input channel link to each other with an end of No. 1 voltage stabilizing strainer valve 26, the other end of No. 1 voltage stabilizing strainer valve 26 is by pipeline serial connection mother liquor A
1Pump 29 and No. 1 flow control valve 11, and with the inlet S of fluid reservoir 4
A1Link to each other; Second is mother liquor B
1Input channel links to each other with an end of No. 3 voltage stabilizing strainer valves 24, and No. 3 voltage stabilizing strainer valve 24 other ends are by pipeline serial connection mother liquor B
1Pump 18 and No. 3 flow control valves 13, and with the inlet S of fluid reservoir 4
B1Link to each other; Article three, the input channel that is acid/alkali links to each other with an end of No. 5 voltage stabilizing strainer valves 27, and the other end of No. 5 voltage stabilizing strainer valves 27 serial connection acid/alkali pump 28 links to each other and No. 5 flow control valves 7, and with the inlet S of fluid reservoir 4
CLink to each other.
The material liquid of described material liquid mixed organization is by the solution input port S at fluid reservoir 4 tops
C, S
A1, S
A2, S
B1, S
B2, and S
EBe input in the fluid reservoir 4.Side at fluid reservoir 4 has stirring input port S
INWith drip irrigation delivery outlet S
OUT2, opposite side has and stirs delivery outlet S
OUT1The stirring input port S of fluid reservoir 4 one sides
IN(see figure 5) connects an end that stirs pump 16, the stirring delivery outlet S of fluid reservoir 4 opposite sides by pipeline
OUT1Be connected in the other end that stirs pump 16 by pipeline and form nutrient solution mixing stirring loop; Nutrient solution carries out the plug-flow motion in fluid reservoir 4 when stirring pump 16 starts, and equidistant staggered 3-5 trapezoidal baffle plates make nutrient solution mix with mobile realization of S shape in the fluid reservoir 4.Flow to the influence of concentration, acidity measurement in order to eliminate nutrient solution simultaneously.The parallel liquid that is equipped with is held back the pipeline (see figure 1) on mixing stirring loop, its inner placement concentration sensor 5 and acidity sensor 6, and temperature sensor 2 and liquid level sensor 3 are placed in the bottom in the fluid reservoir 4.
Nutrient fluid drip irrigation mechanism of the present invention (referring to Fig. 1-2) comprising: drip irrigation pump 1, drip irrigation control valve 17, reversing control valve 19 and pressure maintaining valve 20 that pipeline connects; One end of drip irrigation pump 1 connects fluid reservoir drip irrigation delivery outlet S
OUT1, the other end connects drip irrigation control valve 17 and connects reversing control valve 19, pressure maintaining valve 20 more successively; After nutrient solution mixed, drip irrigation pump in the drip irrigation mechanism 1 started, and discharges nutrient solution and carry out drip irrigation after by drip irrigation control valve 17, pressure maintaining valve 20 and reversing control valve 19 from nutrient solution fluid reservoir 4.Owing to have pressure oscillation in the drip irrigation process, and need be to a plurality of cultivation bed drip irrigations.Therefore the present invention invents and has used pressure maintaining valve 20, reversing control valve 19.When drip irrigation, can realize automaticallying switch a plurality of cultivation beds of drip irrigation.
Electrical control mechanism of the present invention (referring to Figure 10): comprise two control branch roads, one is the control branch road of described each pump; Another is the control branch road of described each magnetic valve: the control branch road of pump comprises, mother liquor A
1Pump 29, mother liquor B
1Pump 18, acid/alkali pump 28, stir pump 16 and drip irrigation pump 1 respectively with mother liquor A
1Pump contactor (being labeled as KM1 among Figure 11), mother liquor B
1Pump contactor (KM2), acid/alkali pump contactor (KM5), stirring pump contactor (KM6), drip irrigation pump contactor (KM7) link to each other, and each contactor also connects the K of industrial computer GKJ respectively
1, K
2, K
3, K
4, K
5, K
6, K
7Pin and power supply are so that realize control automatically, and each contactor of while also meets a solid-state relay S
1, S
2, S
3, S
4, S
5, S
6, S
7Can control automatically, and the hand switch BS that each contactor was connected in series
1, BS
2, BS
3, BS
4, BS
5, BS
6, BS
7Also can manually control; The control branch road of magnetic valve comprises that each magnetic valve is respectively by solid-state relay P
21, P
8, P
15, P
7, P
11, P
12, P
13, P
14, P
17, P
19F with industrial computer GKJ
1, F
2, F
3, F
4, F
5, F
6, F
7, F
8, F
9, F
0Pin and power supply link to each other.And power supply V
CCStandard power supply for industrial computer GKJ, link to each other with industrial computer, acidity sensor 6, concentration EC sensor 5, temperature T sensor 2, liquid level H sensor 1, pressure P sensor 35, the signal conditioning circuit by separately is connected with the A/D conversion, and A/D changes respectively the M with industrial computer GKJ
1, M
2, M
3, M
4, M
5Pin links to each other.Electrical control mechanism itself is a prior art.
Nutrient solution testing agency of the present invention (referring to Figure 11) comprises, measurement of concetration circuit, acidity measurement circuit, temperature measuring circuit, level gauging circuit and pressure measurement circuitry.Wherein concentration EC sensor 5 is used for measuring nutrient solution concentration.In order to reduce the impact that nutrient solution flows concentration sensor 5 is caused, put it in the parallel pipeline that dams that stirs pipeline, insert follow circuit and the single amplifier differential amplifier circuit formed by operational amplifier then, its output connects 2 pin of A/D converter; Acidity sensor 6 is used for measuring nutrient solution PH.In order to reduce the impact that nutrient solution flows acidity sensor 6 is caused, also put it in the parallel pipeline that dams that stirs pipeline, connect the voltage amplifier that operational amplifier constitutes then, its output connects 3 pin of A/D converter; Temperature T sensor 2 is placed in the fluid reservoir 4, is used to detect the temperature of nutrient solution, realizes the compensation to concentration and acidity measurement result, connects the voltage amplifier that operational amplifier constitutes then, and inserts 5 pin of A/D converter; Liquid level H sensor 3 is placed in the fluid reservoir 4, is used for measuring the nutrient solution height, connects the voltage amplifier that operational amplifier constitutes then, and inserts 4 pin of A/D converter; Pressure sensor 35 is placed in and measures screen pack 36 inside and outside differential pressures on cylindrical shell 42 outer walls of back purge system 10.Described each sensor connects the A/D converter, and the A/D converter links to each other with industrial computer.
The integrated piping structure annexation of present device is as follows: mother liquor A
1Input channel link to each other with an end of No. 1 voltage stabilizing strainer valve 26, the other end of No. 1 voltage stabilizing strainer valve 26 is by pipeline serial connection mother liquor A
1Pump 29 and No. 1 flow control valve 11, and the inlet S of access nutrient solution fluid reservoir 4
A1Mother liquor B
1Input channel links to each other with an end of No. 3 voltage stabilizing strainer valves 24, and the other end of No. 3 voltage stabilizing strainer valves 24 is by pipeline serial connection mother liquor B
1Pump 18 and No. 3 flow control valves 13, and the inlet S of access fluid reservoir 4
B1Acid/alkali input channel links to each other with an end of No. 5 voltage stabilizing strainer valves 27, other end serial connection acid/alkali pump 28 and No. 5 flow control valves 7 of No. 5 voltage stabilizing strainer valves 27, and the inlet S of access fluid reservoir 4
CBack purge system delivery port F
OUT1Connect outlet water control valve 15 by pipeline, and insert the inlet S of fluid reservoir 4
EThe two ends of stirring pump 16 connect into a closed circuit (see figure 2) with the two ends of nutrient solution fluid reservoir 4 by pipeline respectively.
The further feature of present device is the standby material liquid liquid supplying device that described material liquid liquid supplying device also comprises Redundancy Design.Standby material liquid liquid supplying device is all identical with described (master) material liquid liquid supplying device 26S Proteasome Structure and Function.Specifically comprise: mother liquor A
2Input channel link to each other with an end of No. 2 voltage stabilizing strainer valves 25, the other end of No. 2 voltage stabilizing strainer valves 25 is by pipeline serial connection mother liquor A
2Pump 30 and No. 2 flow control valves 12, and the inlet S of access nutrient solution fluid reservoir 4
A2Mother liquor B
2Input channel links to each other with an end of No. 4 voltage stabilizing strainer valves 23, and the other end of No. 4 voltage stabilizing strainer valves 23 is by pipeline serial connection mother liquor B
2Pump 22 and No. 4 flow control valves 14, and the inlet S of access fluid reservoir 4
B2This is the standby material liquid liquid supplying device together installation side by side when mounted of Redundancy Design, can improve the adaptability (supplying with as many solution) and the reliability of system works greatly.
The tank structure of a kind of embodiment of drip irrigation equipment of the present invention following (referring to Fig. 5-6): the stirring delivery outlet S of nutrient solution fluid reservoir 4
OUT1Link to each other the stirring input port S of nutrient solution fluid reservoir 4 with stirring pump 16 arrival ends
INLink to each other with stirring pump 16 ports of export.Like this fluid reservoir 4 with stir pump 16 and connect into closed circuit by pipeline.The present invention uses the fluid reservoir 4 that stirs pump 16 to be autonomous Design.This tank interior has adopted 3-5 baffle plates of parallel staggered installation, is that nutrient solution stirs input port S in a side of tank body
IN, nutrient fluid drip irrigation delivery outlet S
OUT2, the opposite side of tank body is liquid agitation delivery outlet S
OUT1, the tank body top is mother liquor A
1Input port S
A1, mother liquor B
1Input port S
B1, mother liquor A
2Input port S
A2, mother liquor B
2Input port S
B2, acid/alkali lye input port S
C, input port, water source S
EThe lid 32 that unlatching is arranged at the top of fluid reservoir 4, side have interface of the level gauge (to be labeled as S among Fig. 5
U1With S
U2), open at the top or transparent lid 32 can manual observation nutrient solution flow condition.When fluid reservoir 4 adds solution to be mixed after certain liquid level, stir pump 16 and start, nutrient solution carries out the plug-flow motion between fluid reservoir 4 and stirring pump 16.In fluid reservoir 4,, prolong incorporation time, in the confined space, increased mobile distance because the effect of baffle plate 33 makes nutrient solution S-type flowing in fluid reservoir.Therefore this tank structure designs mixotrophism liquid rapidly and uniformly, improves dosing efficient.
Back purge system operation principle and the process of a kind of embodiment of drip irrigation equipment of the present invention following (referring to Fig. 7-8): during normal filtration, current are by back purge system water inlet F
IN1Enter cylindrical shell, filter through filter screen 36, water screen pack 36 in owing to effect of inertia with the fine particle impurity in the water and sedimentation of suspension on screen pack 36, the water of filtration is by the delivery port F of back purge system
Out2Flow out.In equipment running process, when impurity reached certain thickness in the back purge system 10 of filtered water, pressure sensor 35 will detect pressure difference signal, and output pulse signal, industrial computer control sewage backwash.At first open backwash control valve 8, import nutrient solution and mix the high pressure nutrient solution stream that stirs in the return, the high pressure nutrient solution is from backwash mouth F
IN2Enter cylindrical shell, screen pack 36 is carried out backwash, clean the impurity that is attached on the screen pack 36.Accumulation of fluid after the cleaning and pressure effect can be washed the unidirectional blowoff valve of being made up of taper bolt 39, spring 40, regulator bolts 41 open, make cleaning fluid and impurity from sewage draining exit F
OUT2Discharge, reach the purpose of cleaning filter net 36 and cylindrical shell.
Present device can manually be controlled, when water filtration just often, water inlet control valve 21 is an opening, described cover plate 34 is opened, outlet water control valve 15 is an opening, backwash control valve 8 is a closed condition.During backwash, manual control mode makes water inlet control valve 21 be closed condition, and outlet water control valve 15 is a closed condition, described cover plate 34 closures, and backwash control valve 8 is an opening.Introduce in the backwash high pressure nutrient solution injecting tube, realize dirt eliminating function.This device also can be realized control automatically by pressure sensor 35 simultaneously, and in water flowed into back purge system 10, impurity can be filtered net 36 interceptions, and when impurity reached certain thickness, it was logical to influence current.Water can produce certain pressure reduction in the inside and outside force value of the screen pack of back purge system 10, and when pressure differential reached setting numerical value, the pressure sensor 35 that is embedded on the cylindrical shell 42 will detect this information by connecting screen pack 36 inside and outside pressure detecting holes.The pressure sensor 35 output signals of telecommunication are given industrial computer GKJ then.Industrial computer control is opened backwash control valve 8 introducing high pressure nutrient solutions screen pack 36 is carried out backwash, impurity is washed out from screen pack 36, from sewage draining exit F
OUT2Discharge, solve the contamination precipitation problem in the pipeline.
The control panel structure of a kind of embodiment of drip irrigation equipment of the present invention following (referring to Fig. 9): in the greenhouse intelligent drip-irrigation device course of work, can call PH, EC data from knowledge base, also can be by direct input parameter of keypad and the instruction above the control panel.In the drip irrigation process to each hydraulic pump can be by control panel on button realize manually control, control panel top also has LCD display simultaneously, can show each index value of current nutrient solution in real time.The manual control of back purge system 10 simultaneously also can realize on control panel.
A kind of embodiment software program of drip irrigation equipment of the present invention (seeing Figure 12-13) as described below: sub key is carried out in the initialization of program elder generation, if trigger sub key, the call parameters input subroutine does not trigger, and then enters liquid level H
1Judge.If enter liquid level H
1The time, call M
1Low liquid level solution adds subprogram, then carries out liquid level H
2Judge.If enter liquid level H
2, call M
2High liquid level solution adds subprogram.System carries out pressure reduction to be judged, is triggered if back purge system internal pipeline pressure difference is judged, calls the backwash subprogram, does not trigger and then detects acidity pH value, concentration EC value, temperature T value, carries out fuzzy control then.When reaching setting concentration and acidity parameter area, system judges whether drip irrigation, judges otherwise program jumps to pressure differential, continues to carry out fuzzy control, irrigates output up to meeting setting range.Then judge whether to meet drip irrigation fate m, frequency n, the requirement of time t, if be triggered, then EP (end of program), otherwise program jumps to judgement liquid level H
1, carry out another time circulation again.Whole procedure is through the several repetitive cycling, up to meeting termination condition.Utilize this program to carry out the allotment of fuzzy control and nutrient solution, when EC value and pH value reach setting range, open irrigation valve automatically and start irrigation pump realization drip irrigation, and when the liquid level of fluid reservoir is lower than the setting liquid level, close irrigation valve, irrigation pump is allocated again.Because nutrient solution is generally EC ± 0.2 to the error that requires that PH requires error to be generally PH ± 0.5, EC, so fuzzy control can be at H
2Scope in, realize nutrient solution allotment in real time and drip irrigation in real time.
Described parameter input program: adopt hand input-data to discern and store as setting parameters such as concentration EC, acidity PH, irrigation fate, number of times;
Described M
1Low liquid level solution adds subprogram: when the liquid level of fluid reservoir 4 at low liquid level H
1When following, only open water inlet control valve 21, inject water; When liquid level arrives liquid level H
1The time, 11, No. 3 flow control valves 13 of No. 1 flow control valve are opened, and inject mother liquor A by a certain percentage
1, mother liquor B
1Certain hour, injecting 80% mother liquor that accounts for the volume required total amount of tank body (can be by artificial setting mother liquor A
1, mother liquor B
1The switch time of pump valve).
Described M
2High liquid level solution adds subprogram: if liquid level arrives high liquid level H
2, by concentration EC, the pH value of measuring,, make controlled volume approach setting value by FUZZY ALGORITHMS FOR CONTROL, after reaching required precision, open drip irrigation control valve 17 automatically and start drip irrigation pump 1 and carry out drip irrigation.At the bottom of liquid level in the holding vessel 4 in H
2The time, liquid supplying device is opened, and carries out fuzzy control again, up to reaching required precision, carries out drip irrigation once more.Reciprocation cycle up to finishing setting cycle, realizes the limit dosing, the limit drip irrigation according to this.
Described backwash subprogram: control water inlet control valve 21 is closed, and outlet water control valve 15 is closed, and backwash control valve 8 is injected into the backwash high pressure nutrient solution in the back purge system 10 for opening, and realizes backwashing function.
The technical scheme of described fuzzy control is, concentration EC and acidity pH value when artificial setting nutrient solution is exported, system detects instantaneous value by concentration EC sensor, pH value sensor, then the instantaneous value that detects is compared with standard value, draw difference, call the interior mother liquor A of respective two-dimensional fuzzy control rule table (referring to table 1) according to the deviation of concentration EC and acidity pH value
1, mother liquor B
1, acid/alkali lye the input switch amount, carry out systemic circulation by closed-loop control and detect, realize real time liquor-mixing and drip irrigation in real time.
The principle of fuzzy control following (referring to Figure 12): the control accuracy of fuzzy control program design of the present invention is ± 5%, the obfuscation grade is 7 grades, is respectively NB (negative big), NM (in negative), NS (negative little), ZO (zero), PS (just little), PM (center), PB (honest).Therefore the fluctuation range of only considering research object is the situation within ± 15%, handles for the The data filtering of ± 15%-± 25%, thinks that all the domain of its obfuscation is PB or NB.Because mother liquor A
1And B
1Ratio be relatively-stationary, promptly the fashionable two kinds of mother liquors of nutrient input are by preset proportion input, so can merge into a variable Z to the incremental time Δ Z of No. 1 flow control valve 11 and No. 3 flow control valves 13
1, the incremental time Δ Z of No. 5 flow control valves 7 is made as Z
2, water is that switching value is controlled by No. 5 flow control valves 7, guarantees that nutrient solution is at liquid level H
2The position fluctuate.The concentration deviation of U1 for mixing, the pH value deviation of U2 for mixing.This system uses closed-loop control, when concentration that detects mixed solution and acidity value, control program can calculate concentration deviation U1 and pH value deviation U2, and requires the inquiry fuzzy control table according to fuzzy control, to obtain the incremental time Z of No. 1 flow control valve 11 and No. 3 flow control valves 13
1, the incremental time Z of No. 5 flow control valves 7
2, its result is fed back to industrial computer GKJ.Industrial computer GKJ will control liquid supplying device and realize allotment in real time.The present invention adopts the method for knowledge excavation to formulate fuzzy control table, mother liquor A in its table 1
1, B
1And acid/alkali lye numerical value is meant through repeatedly testing the valid data of gained: because the adjusting of EC value and pH value intercouples, therefore just need carry out decoupling zero.Database is screened as constraints so that concentration value is stable.With described Z
1, Z
2As object, carry out data mining, can regulating: No. 1 flow control valve 11 and No. 3 flow control valve 13 incremental time Z to concentration EC value
1With No. 5 flow control valve 7 incremental time Z
2Increase simultaneously, then concentration rises; No. 1 flow control valve 11 and No. 3 flow control valve 13 incremental time Z
1With No. 5 flow control valve 7 incremental time Z
2Reduce simultaneously, then concentration reduces; To regulating of pH value: described incremental time Z
1With incremental time Z
2Increase simultaneously, pH value raises; Described incremental time Z
1With incremental time Z
2Reduce simultaneously, then pH value reduces.When being carried out data mining, Fuzzy control system can obtain two-dimentional fuzzy control rule table (table 1).Wherein U1 is the concentration deviation of mixing.The pH value deviation of U2 for mixing.According to fuzzy control rule table, use if then ... then ... the sequencing of fuzzy control rule realized in statement.
Knowledge base of the present invention comprises: nutrient solution prescription table and plantation knowledge table, and wherein the nutrient solution prescription table contains the nutrient composition prescription of common crops different crops; The requirements that comprises the nutrient solution of crops different times commonly used in the plantation knowledge table.The embodiment of described nutrient solution prescription table and nutrient solution prescription table can be referring to the nutrient solution prescription table (referring to table 2) of common crops different times and the plantation knowledge table (referring to table 3) of common crops different times.Plantation (farming) crop in the table 2 all has record in knowledge base.When planting, can import the title of plantation (farming) crop, industrial computer GKJ can inquire the total data of desired nutritional liquid in this plantation (farming) plant growth cycle in knowledge base.With these data is standard, data importing be need not the staff in the fuzzy control program manually set, as drip irrigation time, drip irrigation number of times, nutrient composition etc.If should not plant (farming) Crop Information in the knowledge base, operating personnel can manually import, just after the input data are deposited in the knowledge base.After this equipment is finished aforesaid operations, bring into operation, carry out real time liquor-mixing and drip irrigation, quit work automatically after finishing the drip irrigation task, thereby realize Based Intelligent Control according to these data.These plantation data are originally as prior art, and the content and the size of knowledge base depend on customer requirements.The knowledge base of the embodiment of the invention has comprised the plantation data of common high-efficiency crops such as strawberry, pimento, tomato.According to these proportion of crop planting data and the real-time detected nutrient solution parameter of apparatus of the present invention, the operator utilizes the control panel of equipment that the kind plant is carried out science decision, set concentration value, pH value, drip irrigation number of times and drip irrigation time etc., thereby the every index of plant species is in the desirable and suitable scope.Clearly, the nutrient solution prescription table of this knowledge base and plantation knowledge table can integrated more information, and can upgrade as required.
Drip irrigation equipment of the present invention as controller, adopts FUZZY ALGORITHMS FOR CONTROL to realize real time liquor-mixing, in real time drip irrigation with industrial computer.Water source E (referring to Fig. 2) enters back purge system 10 water inlet F through water inlet control valve 21
IN1(referring to Fig. 8) is after filter screen 36 filtrations, from back purge system delivery port F
OUT1Flow out.When stirring pump 16 started, nutrient solution carried out the plug-flow motion in nutrient solution fluid reservoir 4, and equidistant staggered 3-5 trapezoidal baffle plates make nutrient solution mix with mobile realization of S shape in the nutrient solution fluid reservoir 4.After nutrient solution mixed, the drip irrigation pump 1 in the drip irrigation mechanism started, and discharges nutrient solution from nutrient solution fluid reservoir 4, and by carrying out real-time drip irrigation behind drip irrigation control valve 17, pressure maintaining valve 20 and the reversing control valve 19.
Drip irrigation equipment of the present invention comprises knowledge base.This knowledge base comprises nutrient solution prescription of efficient horticultural crop commonly used such as strawberry, pimento and the drip irrigation data in the growth cycle, thereby realizes Based Intelligent Control; Adopt independent stirring pump 16 to connect 4 designs of liquid storage tank body, the baffle plate 33 that S shape is arranged is set in tank body,, realize that even mixing of liquid reaches setting so that the nutrient solution liquid form is S-shaped; Use 10 pairs of inlet channels of back purge system to carry out backwash.Adopt sensor distributed arrangement: temperature T sensor 2, liquid level H sensor 3 are positioned in the liquid storage tank body 4, and concentration EC sensor 5 and acidity PH sensor 6 are positioned over the parallel UNICOM of reflux line and dam in the pipeline, pressure P sensor 35 is finished the collection of data and the change of control signal and is sent on the backwash outer wall.
Table 1 fuzzy control rule table
The nutrient solution prescription table of the common crops different times of table 2
| Prescription | Macroelement | Trace element | Clear water | Acidity of Aikalinity | Be fit to |
| 1 | Potassium nitrate 3 gram nitrate of |
100 milligrams of disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetates, 75 milligrams in ferrous sulfate | 5000 milliliters (5 kilograms) | Nutrient solution is a faintly acid, and pH value is 5.5-6.5.Nutrient solution is nontoxic. | Strawberry, pimento, tomato, cucumber etc. |
| 2 | Ammonium phosphate 2 |
2 milligrams of 1 milligram of ammonium aluminates of 5 milligrams of copper sulphate of 20 milligrams of zinc sulphate of 30 milligrams of manganese sulphates of boric acid | 5000 milliliters (5 kilograms) | Nutrient solution is a subacidity, and pH value is 5.0-6.2.Nutrient solution is nontoxic. | Various flowers are as tree peony, Chinese rose, chrysanthemum etc. |
| 3 | Potassium nitrate 1.01 gram ammonium nitrate 8.004 gram potassium dihydrogen phosphates 1.7 gram magnesium sulfate 2.46 grams. | 0.025 milligram of 25 milligrams of cobalt chloride of 42 milligrams of copper sulphate of 20 milligrams of sodium molybdates of zinc sulphate | 5000 milliliters (5 kilograms) | Nutrient solution is an alkalescence, and pH value is 6.0-6.9.Nutrient solution is nontoxic. | Grape, cherry etc. |
The plantation knowledge table of the common crops different times of table 3
| Title | Germination period | Divide the seedling growth stage | Yield positive results the phase |
| Strawberry | PH is 5.5～6.5, and electrical conductivity is 1.0～1.2ms, drip irrigation number of times 2 times/day, each drip irrigation 5 minutes | PH is 5.5～6.2, and electrical conductivity is 1.4～1.6ms, drip irrigation number of times 2 times/day, each 8 minutes drip irrigation time | PH is 5.5～6.0, and electrical conductivity is 1.8～2.2ms, drip irrigation number of times 2 times/day, each 10 minutes drip irrigation time |
| Tomato | PH is 5.2～6.0, and electrical conductivity is 0.8～0.9ms, drip irrigation number of times 2 times/day, each drip irrigation 5 minutes | PH is 5.3～6.2, and electrical conductivity is 1.5～1.8ms, drip irrigation number of times 3 times/day, each 8 minutes drip irrigation time | PH is 6.0～6.2, and electrical conductivity is 1.7～2.1ms, drip irrigation number of times 2 times/day, each 10 minutes drip irrigation time |
| Cucumber | PH is 5.7～6.5, and electrical conductivity is 0.5～0.8ms, drip irrigation number of times 2 times/day, each drip irrigation 5 minutes | PH is 5.2～6.5, and electrical conductivity is 0.8～0.9ms, drip irrigation number of times 2 times/day, each drip irrigation 8 minutes | PH is 5.8～6.8, and electrical conductivity is 1.8～2.3ms, drip irrigation number of times 2 times/day, each drip irrigation 10 minutes |
Provide specific embodiments of the invention below, but it does not constitute the restriction to claim of the present invention.
Present embodiment is an example with the strawberry of soilless culture, describes in detail to utilize apparatus of the present invention to realize that nutrient solution allotment in real time reaches the process of control drip irrigation automatically: knowledge base of the present invention has comprised planting strawberry special nutrient fluid and using method thereof.It is seedling-slowing stage that strawberry is transplanted week age, only drips a jar clear water and gets final product (setting EC=0.36).To germination period, drip irrigation nutrient solution PH is 5.5～6.5 at slow seedling, and electrical conductivity is 0.8～1.0ms.Divide the seedling growth stage, soilless culture drip irrigation nutrient solution PH is 5.5～6.0, and electrical conductivity is 1.4～1.6ms.The result contains the phase to gathering latter stage, and drip irrigation nutrient solution PH is 5.5～6.0, and electrical conductivity is 1.8～2.2ms.
Used water is clear water, and electrical conductivity is 0.36ms, pH value 6.8.At first the starting up imports (see figure 9) by the control personnel and is wanted the plantation of drip irrigation (farming) crop title, as strawberry etc.If knowledge base contains this information, information will import to operation interface automatically; If this information does not just need the control personnel manually to import.After the information input was finished, the control personnel pressed start button, the beginning dosing.If liquid level is positioned at H
1Below, directly inject clear water; When liquid level reaches H
2The time, should inject the mother liquor (can by the switch time of artificial setting mother liquor A1, B1 pump valve) of about tank body volume 80% earlier, then by the fuzzy control requirement, mother liquor A
1, mother liquor B
1, acid/alkali, water allocates in real time.When reaching range of set value, the EC of nutrient solution and pH value begin to carry out drip irrigation (seeing Figure 13).At this moment liquid level can reduce along with drip irrigation, when liquid level is lower than H
2The time, inject clear water again up to H
2On the liquid level, carry out the allotment of fuzzy control and nutrient solution again and realize drip irrigation up to reaching setting range, reciprocal according to this, realize dosing on one side, on one side drip irrigation.In the preparation nutrient solution process, at first, mother liquor A
1, B
1And acid/alkali is respectively after the filtration through 24, No. 5 voltage stabilizing strainer valves 27 of 26, No. 3 voltage stabilizing strainer valves of No. 1 voltage stabilizing strainer valve, by mother liquor pump A
1, mother liquor pump B
1, acid/alkali pump is transported to fluid reservoir 4 through 13, No. 5 flow control valves 7 of 11, No. 3 flow control valves of No. 1 flow control valve.Clear water is delivered directly to fluid reservoir 4 by behind the back purge system 10 by outlet water control valve 15.Stirring pump 16 connection fluid reservoirs 4 stirs by the mode that nutrient solution refluxes.When the concentration EC of nutrient solution parameter and acidity (pH value) when parameter reaches requirement, drip irrigation pump 1 starts, and drip irrigation control valve 17 and reversing control valve 19 and pressure maintaining valve 20 are opened the enforcement drip irrigation.
In this equipment running process, when the impurity in the overanxious net 36 of back purge system reaches certain thickness, can in backwashing pump, produce pressure reduction by exocoel.Pressure sensor 35 sends the signal of telecommunication and gives industrial computer GKJ, and industrial computer starts backwash control valve 8, introduces the high pressure nutrient solution backwash filter net 36 that stirs in the pump 16, and flushing sewage is by sewage draining exit F
OUT2Discharge.
Claims (4)
1. greenhouse intelligent drip-irrigation device, it is characterized in that this equipment comprises the hardware and software two large divisions, wherein hardware comprises six parts of modularized design: backwash filter mechanism, material liquid feed mechanism, material liquid mixed organization, nutrient fluid drip irrigation mechanism, electrical control mechanism and nutrient solution testing agency;
Described backwash filter mechanism comprises back purge system and the water inlet control valve external with it, outlet water control valve, backwash control valve and pressure sensor, back purge system comprises the cylindrical shell of vertical design, with the equipped cover of cylindrical shell sealing, bottom at barrel wall has water inlet, water inlet is installed into water control valve, and water inlet is equipped with the folding cover plate at an end of inner barrel, be connected pressure sensor between water inlet and the barrel wall, top at cylindrical shell has delivery port, delivery port is installed outlet water control valve, the opposite side corresponding with described water inlet in the barrel wall bottom has sewage draining exit, and sewage draining exit is installed blowoff valve; Have the backwash mouth at the center of cover, the backwash mouth is installed the backwash control valve; Screen pack is installed in cylindrical shell, and the base of screen pack is fixed on the bottom of cylindrical shell, and the apical position of screen pack is higher than described delivery port; Described water inlet control valve, outlet water control valve, backwash control valve are controlled by the pressure sensor of controlling organization;
Three branch roads that described material liquid feed mechanism comprises and connects, one is mother liquor A
1Supply with branch road: mother liquor A
1Fluid reservoir is the mother liquor A of pipeline connection successively
1Voltage stabilizing strainer valve, mother liquor A
1Pump and mother liquor A
1Flow control valve, and insert fluid reservoir; The second branch road is mother liquor B
1Supply with branch road: mother liquor B
1Fluid reservoir is the mother liquor B of pipeline connection successively
1Voltage stabilizing strainer valve, mother liquor B
1Pump and mother liquor B
1Flow control valve, and insert fluid reservoir; Article three, be that acid/alkali lye is supplied with branch road: acid/alkali fluid reservoir is acid/alkali voltage stabilizing strainer valve, acid/alkali pump and the acid/alkali flow control valve of pipeline connection successively, and inserts fluid reservoir;
Described material liquid mixed organization comprises fluid reservoir, with the equipped open-type loam cake of fluid reservoir with stir pump; The top of fluid reservoir is the input port of solution to be mixed, has in a side of fluid reservoir and stirs input port and drip irrigation delivery outlet, and opposite side is to stir delivery outlet; Described stirring input port pipe connects an end that stirs pump, and described stirring delivery outlet pipe connects the other end that stirs pump, forms nutrient solution and mixes the stirring loop; Parallel design has liquid to hold back pipeline on mixing stirring loop, holds back inner concentration sensor and the pH value sensor placed of pipeline, and described drip irrigation delivery outlet and drip irrigation pump line connect; Described fluid reservoir inside is provided with 3-5 baffle plates of staggered parallel installation, and baffle plate constitutes the nutrient solution flow channel of S shape, and liquid level sensor and temperature sensor also are installed in the fluid reservoir;
Described nutrient fluid drip irrigation mechanism comprises drip irrigation pump, drip irrigation control valve, reversing control valve and the voltage stabilizing strainer valve that pipeline connects; The drip irrigation delivery outlet pipe of the inlet of drip irrigation pump and fluid reservoir one side connects, and drip irrigation delivery side of pump pipe successively connects drip irrigation control valve, pressure maintaining valve and reversing control valve;
Described electrical control mechanism comprises two control branch roads that industrial computer, control valve, contactor, solid-state relay and power supply constitute, and one is the control branch road of described each pump; Another is the control branch road of described each magnetic valve:
Described nutrient solution testing agency comprises measurement of concetration circuit, acidity measurement circuit, temperature measuring circuit, level gauging circuit and pressure measurement circuitry; The concentration testing circuit comprises concentration sensor, and an end of concentration sensor connects signal generator, and the other end is connected with the A/D converter with voltage follower, single amplifier amplifier successively; The acidity testing circuit comprises acidity sensor, and acidity sensor is connected to the A/D converter by three amplifier high cmrr amplifying circuits; Temperature measuring circuit comprises temperature sensor, and temperature sensor is connected to the A/D converter by the temperature-compensation circuit of single amplifier; Liquid level detection circuit comprises liquid level sensor, and liquid level sensor is connected to the A/D converter by in-phase amplifier; Pressure measurement circuitry comprises pressure sensor, and pressure sensor is connected to the A/D converter by three amplifier high cmrr amplifying circuits, and the A/D converter is connected with industrial computer;
Described software section comprises that nutrient solution detects and control program: control program comprises a main program, four subprograms and a knowledge base; Described main program comprises: the program that pressure judgement, nutrient solution parameter detecting, execution fuzzy control, drip irrigation output, drip irrigation fate and drip irrigation number of times are judged and called corresponding four subprograms respectively when system initialization setting, button judgement, liquid level judgement, line clogging; Described four subroutine packs are drawn together: parameter input subroutine, low liquid level solution add subprogram, high liquid level solution adds subprogram and backwash subprogram; Concentration and acidity value when described fuzzy control adopts artificial setting nutrient solution to export, system detects instantaneous value by concentration sensor, acidity sensor, then the instantaneous value that detects is compared with standard value and draw difference, call mother liquor A in the respective two-dimensional fuzzy control rule table according to the deviation of concentration and acidity value
1, mother liquor B
1, acid/alkali lye the input switch amount, carry out systemic circulation by closed-loop control and detect, realize real time liquor-mixing, drip irrigation in real time; Described knowledge base comprises: common corps nutrient formula of liquid table and plantation knowledge table; The nutrient solution prescription table contains different crops different times nutrient composition prescription; The requirements that comprises crops different times nutrient solution commonly used in the plantation knowledge table.
2. greenhouse intelligent drip-irrigation device according to claim 1 is characterized in that described described screen pack is detachable double-deck dome column type structure, fills out the lining nonwoven between the double-layer filtering net.
3. greenhouse intelligent drip-irrigation device according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that described blowoff valve by be installed in the sewage draining exit pipeline and with the taper bolt of sewage draining exit inner cavity of pipe coupling, the regulator bolts machinery that the spring of pressure is provided and adjusts spring pressure for taper bolt assembles.
4. greenhouse intelligent drip-irrigation device according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that described material liquid liquid supplying device also comprises the standby material liquid liquid supplying device of Redundancy Design, standby material liquid liquid supplying device is all identical with described material liquid liquid supplying device 26S Proteasome Structure and Function.
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| CN101422124B CN101422124B (en) | 2010-08-11 |
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