CN101413038B - Coal powder pure oxygen blast furnace ironmaking process and equipment thereof - Google Patents
Coal powder pure oxygen blast furnace ironmaking process and equipment thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN101413038B CN101413038B CN200810229294XA CN200810229294A CN101413038B CN 101413038 B CN101413038 B CN 101413038B CN 200810229294X A CN200810229294X A CN 200810229294XA CN 200810229294 A CN200810229294 A CN 200810229294A CN 101413038 B CN101413038 B CN 101413038B
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- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 77
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 title claims description 31
- 239000003034 coal gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 80
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 75
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000002817 coal dust Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000009628 steelmaking Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000001172 regenerating effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 19
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910000805 Pig iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229940098458 powder spray Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000001603 reducing effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910001018 Cast iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000011089 carbon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000006508 Nelumbo nucifera Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000002853 Nelumbo nucifera Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000006510 Nelumbo pentapetala Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241001417490 Sillaginidae Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001062472 Stokellia anisodon Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002802 bituminous coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011280 coal tar Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019628 coolness Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003009 desulfurizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- WIIZEEPFHXAUND-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-[[4-[2-(dimethylamino)ethoxy]phenyl]methyl]-3,4,5-trimethoxybenzamide;hydron;chloride Chemical compound Cl.COC1=C(OC)C(OC)=CC(C(=O)NCC=2C=CC(OCCN(C)C)=CC=2)=C1 WIIZEEPFHXAUND-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005453 pelletization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention provides a pulverized coal pure oxygen blast furnace ironmaking technical method. The technical method is as follows: on the basis of the blast furnace spraying pulverized coal process, a mixed gas of oxygen enriched air or oxygen and vapor is preheated to the temperature of between 900 and 1500 DEG C by a regenerative hot blast furnace, the pulverized coal is sprayed in a high temperature gas generator or gas generator, at the same time, the mixed gas preheated at a high temperature is also sprayed into the high temperature gas generator or gas generator, the pulverized coal and the mixed gas undergo gasification reaction in the high temperature entrained flow gas generator or gas generator, 90 to 95 percent of dust in the high temperature coal gas is removed by a high temperature combined dust collector, the high temperature coal gas is directly sprayed into the lower part of a furnace body of the blast furnace to take part in the ironmaking reaction, blast furnace materials are mainly acid pellet, and properly part of high basicity sinter, for each ton of iron, 1200 to 1750m<3> of the high temperature coal gas and 80 to 120m<3> of oxygen is blown in the blast furnace. The method has the advanges of well saving energy, greatly lowering spraying coal cost, improving the unit volume capacity of the prior blast furance by more than 50 percent and making the utilization coefficient reach nearly 6T(M<3>day and night). Being capable of preparing low silicon good quality molten iron, the method greatly reduces the consumption of oxygen for steel-making, and contributes to the realization of a novel techique for making steel with little slag.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of smelting technology and equipment thereof, particularly relate to a kind of coal powder pure oxygen blast furnace ironmaking process and equipment thereof.
Background technology
Expectation is in 100 years from now on, and blast furnace ironmaking will be the main means of iron ore reduction.Research is used the coal dust coke for replacing to greatest extent, is replaced the air blast blast furnace iron-making process with pure oxygen, is the key subjects of domestic and international metallurgical scientist's research and development of a nearly century always, and after the 1980s, obtains some great scientific payoffss successively.
Various high oxygen enrichment (total oxygen) the blast-furnace technique scheme that proposes in succession in the eighties in 20th century all be the coal gas that adopts the shaft blowing preheated solve " go up cool " problem, the tuyere zone temperature is too high then availablely gives balance (seeing Table 1) by coal injection of draught gas or water vapor.FOBF-I technology that China proposes in this class scheme can fully realize perfect blast furnace reaction conditions.And the total oxygen blast furnace technology that Belgian Poos proposes can also simplified apparatus under the condition that the coke-oven gas supply is arranged.
1986 NKK (NKK) at 3.9M
3Blast furnace on carried out the back yard industry experiment of total oxygen blast furnace.Experimental results show that for the first time on the blast furnace total oxygen smelting technology feasible fully and have a huge superiority.Furnace processor is multiplied, coal powder injection is up to 320kg/t, and silicon content in pig iron obviously descends, and blast furnace operating is very smooth.The characteristics of NKK total oxygen blast furnace are at shaft top winding-up incendiary stock gas, and this can play heating furnace charge effect and improve the indirect reduction of restoration of lower stack iron ore, if do not remove CO with indirect heating
2Coal gas can outside heat effect, add strong reducing action from restoration of lower stack winding-up, have better index.Theoretical Calculation shows that a kind of scheme in back can reduce fuel ratio 40～60kg/t than last scheme.
Exempt coal gas and remove and the high oxygen enrichment of shaft round-robin (total oxygen) technology, simplified technical process and equipment, reduced initial cost, more help the exploitation of high oxygen enrichment (total oxygen) technology.Therefore, carried out the research of simplifying high oxygen enrichment (total oxygen) technology the nineties in 20th century.
English, meaning, lotus three states under the subsidy of the European Economic Community 1991 at Britain Scunthorpe600M
3Successfully carried out the industrial experiment of a large amount of coal powder injections of high oxygen enrichment on the blast furnace.Be issued to maximum coal powder injection rate 300kg/t in oxygen-rich concentration 35～40% conditions, and realized the level of operation of blast furnace half coal semicoke (coal powder injection 270kg/t, coke ratio 270kg/t) ironmaking.This high oxygen enrichment (total oxygen) blast furnace technology that indicates 40% oxygen enrichment has entered industrialization phase.
Edstrom and Ma Jitang make a kind of desirable furnace charge at the superior raw material that utilizes Sweden and have proposed BOBF technology under with the condition that reduces shaft and add the heating gas amount, use 40～90% oxygen enrichment, coal powder injection 370kg/t, coke ratio 200kg/t.This technology is difficult to realize under other countries' material condition.
Belgian Poos proposes to simplify high oxygen enrichment (total oxygen) blast furnace technology and reaches shaft heating gas balance with the excess coal powder injection, and adds with the air port under the condition of the steam of spraying water, and blast furnace top and the bottom balance is kept.Oxygen coal lance technology can be expected the realization of this anticipation technology after important breakthrough is arranged, and still has any problem but implement this technology at present.
Above-mentioned high oxygen enrichment (or total oxygen) Coal powder spray blast furnace common ground all is by a large amount of preheating gas of jetting to shaft, adjusts the gas liquor equivalent, replenishes the shaft heat, reduces fuel ratio, improves the coal dust straying quatity.Because industrial applications is still immature, countries in the world are dropped into industrial applications with above-mentioned processing method and be yet there are no report.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of coal powder pure oxygen blast furnace ironmaking process system.
The technical scheme that adopts is:
The coal powder pure oxygen blast furnace system comprises oxygenerator, air compressor, horizontal hot air furnace, air flow bed coal-gas producer, coal gas of high temperature complex dust collector and iron-smelting blast furnace.
The air flow bed coal-gas producer is made up of Coal powder spray device and coal-gas producer two portions.Coal powder entrance is arranged at Coal powder spray device top.The bottom of Coal powder spray device is connected with the revolving plow reclaimer feeding mouth by pipeline, and the discharge port of revolving plow reclaimer is connected with the feeding mouth of screw-type coal distributor by pipeline, and the discharge port of screw-type coal distributor is connected with the coal inlet of coal-gas producer.A steam entry is arranged on the screw-type coal distributor housing, be connected with source of water vapor by pipeline respectively, the water vapor passage in screw-type coal distributor is sent into water vapor and coal dust in coal-gas producer.
The coal gas of high temperature complex dust collector is made up of gas ash separate chamber, grey settling pocket, dust collection chamber, and the middle part of gas ash separate chamber is provided with the coal gas input aperture, is provided with the coal gas delivery port at top, gas ash separate chamber, is provided with multiple layer refractory tubular type retaining grieshoch on top, gas ash separate chamber.Ash settling pocket and dust collection chamber are by pipe connection, and pipeline is provided with valve.The dust collection chamber bottom is provided with unloads grey passage.Dust collection chamber top is provided with spray gun, and 200-400 ℃ of steam is sprayed into gas ash separate chamber in right amount, and ash is cooled to about 600 ℃, and the part physics heat in the recyclable lime-ash is particularly conducive to the thermo-efficiency that improves high ash content, low-calorie coal.
Prepare pure oxygen by oxygenerator, air compressor machine prepares pressurized air, and waste heat boiler prepares water vapor, and three kinds of gases mix the back and are connected with the hotblast stove air intake by pipeline, and the hotblast stove air outlet is connected with gas inlet, coal-gas producer lower end by pipeline.The coal-gas producer upper side wall is provided with gas exit, and this coal gas air outlet is connected by the gas entry of pipeline with the coal gas of high temperature complex dust collector.The purification gas exit of coal gas of high temperature complex dust collector is connected with the bottom house coal powder entrance by pipeline.
Coal powder pure oxygen blast furnace ironmaking process, the equipment that adopts is coal powder pure oxygen blast furnace system of the present invention, its concrete technical process is: utilize oxygenerator to prepare pure oxygen, utilize air compressor to prepare pressurized air, utilize waste heat boiler to prepare water vapor, the same pressurized air of oxygen, water vapor mixes the back and is preheating to 900-1500 ℃ by horizontal hot air furnace, the blending ratio of gas is looked the coal of selection, the chemical ingredients of coal and steelmaking furnace coke ratio and decide, mixed gas after the preheating enters coal-gas producer from the coal-gas producer bottom, simultaneously, coal dust carries out drying and preheating by the waste gas that horizontal hot air furnace produces, spray in the feed bin of air flow bed coal dust gasification producer by the coal powder injection device then, and enter in the transfer jar, send in the coal-gas producer of air flow bed coal-gas producer by revolving plow reclaimer and screw-type coal distributor after weighing, coal dust carries out gasification reaction with oxygen-rich air and steam mixture, the coal gas that reaction back generates from the coal-gas producer top in pipeline enters the coal gas of high temperature complex dust collector, gas is in the coal gas of high temperature complex dust collector after the dedusting, can remove the ash content of 90-95% in the coal gas, obtain the higher coal gas of purity, the coal gas after the dedusting enters the blast furnace stack bottom by pipeline and directly participates in the ironmaking reaction.Blast furnace burden is based on acidic pellet ore, and suitably with addition of the part high basicity sinter, iron per ton blasts 1200m
3-1750m
3Coal gas of high temperature blasts 80-120m
3Oxygen/T.The blast-furnace top gas recovery that produces in iron manufacturing process can be used for top pressure power generation between 0.3-0.45MPa, the available approximately TRT generating of iron per ton 60-80KWh/T iron.
This technology is on the pulverized coal injection basis, and coal dust is made 1200 ℃ of coal gas of high temperature (〉 by air flow bed coal gas of high temperature producer) spray into the blast furnace stack bottom again through (temperature drop≤50 ℃) after the compound thick dedusting, again with addition of 80M
3-120M
3Oxygen/T iron, 130-180kg coke/T iron, iron-bearing material are 85% acidic pellet ores, all the other are flux such as high basicity sinter or lime.
This technology coal gas is made and is used coal, can use low heat value bituminous coal, hard coal, low heat value gets final product greater than 16MJ/kg, spent air temperture≤300 that horizontal hot air furnace produces ℃, be used for coal dust course of processing drying and preheating, make into Stokehole pulverized coal water content≤0.5%, the coal dust temperature greater than 100 ℃, less than 150 ℃.
The coal gas that is used to heat oxygen-rich air and steam is taken from the blast furnace self produced gas, self produced gas calorific value 4.8-5.5MJ/M
3, this explained hereafter is hanged down silicon, low-sulfur, low-phosphorous, low-carbon (LC), molten iron, and temperature control was greater than 1470 ℃ before molten iron was come out of the stove.
This technology has following several big advantage:
1, good energy-conserving effect, the ironmaking process energy consumption can reach the 420kgce/T iron level, reduces by 25.4% than present present situation.
Because use coals for Jiao in a large number, and participate in reaction with water vapor, the coal gas hydrogen richness accounts for the reducing gas scale of construction 40%.In addition, bring ash about 95% into because thick dedusting reduces coal gas, the lime amount of allocating into is reduced about 100kg/T, the carbon dioxide discharge-reduction amount can reach more than 40%.
2, reduce the coal powder injection cost significantly, owing to can use low calorific value coal in a large number, make coal powder injection cost iron per ton reduce by 300 yuan, as if calculating with coal displacement coke, iron per ton reduces about 600 yuan/T iron approximately, and the concrete value of saving is decided on there and then coal tar procurement price.
3, existing blast furnace unit volume production capacity is improved more than 50%, its utilization coefficient can reach 6T/ (M
3Round the clock).
4, coal gas of high temperature is gone into blast furnace minimizing desulfurizing iron burden after S is taken off in thick dedusting.
5, owing to can smelt low silicon high-quality molten iron, the steel-making oxygen depletion is had by a relatively large margin reduce, help realizing few slag steel-making new technology.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a coal powder pure oxygen blast furnace system synoptic diagram.
Fig. 2 is an air flow bed coal-gas producer texture of coal synoptic diagram.
Fig. 3 is a coal gas of high temperature complex dust collector structural representation.
Embodiment
The coal powder pure oxygen blast furnace system comprises horizontal hot air furnace 1, air flow bed coal-gas producer 2, coal gas of high temperature complex dust collector 3 and smelting blast furnace 4.
Air flow bed coal-gas producer 2 is made up of coal powder injection device and coal-gas producer 28.The coal powder injection device comprises feed bin 5, the first transfer jar 6, the second transfer jar 7, electronic scales 8, revolving plow reclaimer 9, screw-type coal distributor 10.Feed bin 5 tops are provided with coal dust input aperture 11, and feed bin 5 bottoms are connected by pipeline with the first transfer jar 6, and this pipeline is provided with valve 12.The first transfer jar 6 is connected with the second transfer jar 7 by pipeline, and the connecting pipeline between the first and second transfer jars is provided with valve 13.Be provided with electronic scales 8 in the second transfer jar 7.The second transfer jar, 7 bottoms are connected by the opening for feed of pipeline with revolving plow reclaimer 9.Revolving plow reclaimer 9 discharge ports and screw-type coal distributor 10 are by pipe connection, and this pipeline is provided with slide valve 14, and the discharge port of screw-type coal distributor 10 is connected with the coal inlet of coal-gas producer 15.On screw-type coal distributor 10 diapires, be provided with a high-temperature vapour input aperture 16, be connected with vapor source, so that feed water vapor to coal-gas producer by pipeline.Gas exit 17 is arranged at coal-gas producer top, and this gas exit 17 is connected by the gas entry of pipeline with the gas ash separate chamber 18 at coal gas of high temperature complex dust collector 3 middle parts.
Coal gas of high temperature complex dust collector 3 is connected and composed successively by gas ash separate chamber 18, grey settling pocket 19 and dust collection chamber 20, is provided with coal gas delivery port 22 at top, gas ash separate chamber, and 18 tops, gas ash separate chamber are provided with multiple layer refractory tubular type retaining grieshoch 23.On grey settling pocket 19 and dust collection chamber's 20 connecting tubes, be equiped with valve 24.Dust collection chamber 20 bottoms are provided with unloads grey passage 21.Dust collection chamber top is provided with spray gun 25, and this spray gun is connected with the cold water pipe of pressure is arranged, and spray cold water cools off ash in grey settling pocket 19.18 bottoms, gas ash separate chamber are provided with waterway 26, feed recirculated cooling water.
The coal gas delivery port 22 on 18 tops, gas ash separate chamber is connected with the coal gas input aperture of blast furnace 4 by pipeline.Pure oxygen or oxygen enrichment 30 by preparations such as system oxygen, air compressor machines are connected with the inlet mouth of horizontal hot air furnace 1 by pipeline 27, horizontal hot air furnace 1 is a known product, and the air outlet of horizontal hot air furnace 1 is connected with the gas inlet 31, body bottom of coal-gas producer 28 by pipeline 29.
The top gas exit of coal-gas producer 28 is connected by the gas entry of pipeline with 18 middle parts, gas ash separate chamber.
A kind of coal powder pure oxygen blast furnace ironmaking method comprises following technological process:
Pure oxygen by the oxygenerator preparation, utilize the pressurized air 30 of air compressor machine preparation and the water vapor of waste heat boiler preparation to be preheated to 1350-1450 ℃ through horizontal hot air furnace 1, mixed gas after the preheating by the road 29, enter coal-gas producer 28 from the gas inlet 31 of air flow bed coal-gas producer 28 bodies bottom, simultaneously, coal dust is carried out drying and preheating by the hot waste gas that horizontal hotblast stove produces, coal dust water content≤0.5%, the coal dust temperature is 100-150 ℃, in coal dust outlet 11 enters the feed bin 5 of coal powder injection device, enter the first transfer jar 6 and the second transfer jar 7 by feed bin 5 again, after entering electronic scales 8 that the coal dusts in the second transfer jar 7 are provided with through top and weighing the coal dust amount of design requirements, valve 13 is closed, coal dust is by the feeding mouth of revolving plow reclaimer 9 feeding auger feeders 10, advance by screw-type coal distributor 10, under the promotion of water vapor, enter in the coal-gas producer 28 by the coal inlet 15 of coal-gas producer and to mix with the mixed gas of water vapor with the pure oxygen or the oxygen rich gas that are preheated to 1350-1450 ℃, carry out gasification reaction, the coal gas that the reaction back generates enters in the gas ash separate chamber 18 of coal gas of high temperature complex dust collector 3 by the road from the top gas exit 17 of coal-gas producer 28, dedusting and multiple layer refractory tubular type retaining grieshoch 23 reduces after filtration, removes the ash content of 90-95% in the coal gas.Enter bottom house by coal gas delivery port 22 through transfer line and participate in the ironmaking reaction directly.Go into stokehold coal gas be cooled to≤50 ℃.Gas ash separate chamber 18 isolated bits enter grey settling pocket 19, open valve 24 on request, and ash enters dust collection chamber 20, via discharging by unloading grey passage 21 after the spray gun 25 spray cooling water coolings.
With 450M
3Blast furnace is an example, and technical parameter is as follows:
One, raw materials and fuel condition
1.1 pellet
1.1.1 Chemical Composition
Table 1 pellet Chemical Composition
| The symbol of element | Fe | Mn | P | S | Fe 2O 3 | FeO | SiO 2 | Ae 2O 3 | CuO+NgO | ∑ |
| Percentage composition % | 65 | 0.093 | 0.047 | 0.041 | 72.3 | 18.18 | 5.34 | 2 | 2 | 100 |
1.1.2 pellet granularity 5mm-10mm
1.2 lime CaO SiO
2Igloss
≥85％ ≤2％ ≤5％
1.3 coke: fixed carbon C 83.83% ash 13.6%
1.4 with coal among the 2# of Jixi as the gas making coal, its composition such as table 2
1.5 gas ingredients, purity pressure
Oxygen: purity 99.9%
Pressure:〉0.5MPa
Air pressure: 〉=0.5MPa
Vapor pressure: 〉=1.2MPa
Two, cast iron ingredient, temperature, production capacity
2.1 cast iron ingredient
All the other are iron Fe95.49% for [Si]=0.2% [S]≤0.03% [C]≤3.7% [Mn]=0.16%
2.2 temperature 〉=1500 ℃ iron notch place temperature.
2.3 design production capacity
Utility factor=6T/M
3Round the clock
Production capacity=2700T/ days=112.5T/h
Produce 750000 tons/year per year
Three, high furnace exhaust gas composition and temperature, pressure
3.1 200 ℃ of exhaust temperatures
3.2 tail gas composition
Table 3 is smelted the pig iron per ton and is produced blast furnace exhaust gas volumes and percentage composition
| Project | H 2 | CO | CO 2 | H 2O | N 2 | CH 4 | ∑V | |
| Volume M 3 | 211.15 | 549.69 | 323.11 | 234.88 | 329.73 | 0.56 | 1649.12 | |
| Percentage composition % | 12.8 | 33.3 | 19.6 | 14.2 | 20 | 0.03 | ％ | 100 |
Tail gas dehydration back calorific value q
Tail=6.52MJ/M
3
Four, the slag composition and the quantity of slag
4.1 slag composition
Table 4-1 smelts the pig iron per ton and produces the slag composition
| Project | SiO 2 | CaO | MgO | Ae 2O 3 | MnO | FeO | S | ∑ |
| Quality kg | 87.6 | 96.37 | 14.93 | 39.18 | 0.014 | 1.85 | 1.23 | 241.18kg |
| Percentage composition % | 36.32 | 39.96 | 6.19 | 16.25 | 0.0058 | 0.77 | 0.51 | 100％ |
Five, pig iron consumption indicators
Table 5-1 450M
3Oxygen coal powder blast furnace consumption indicators
| Sequence number | Project | Unit (kg) | Pig iron consumption per ton | Consumption per hour | Every day consumption | Remarks | |
| 1 | Pellet | Kg | 1471.24 | 165.5T/h | 3972T/ days | 1310874T/ | |
| 2 | Lime | Kg | 94.23 | 10.6T/h | 254.4T/ my god | 83958.9T/ |
|
| 3 | Coal among the 2# (butt) | Kg | 701.8 | 78.95T/h | 1894.86T/ my god | 625307T/ | |
| 4 | | Kg | 7 | ||||
| 5 | Pressurized air | M 3 | 416.8 | 46891.5 | 781.5M
3/ |
||
| 6 | Oxygen | M 3 | 229.3 | 25796.3 | |||
| 7 | Steam | Kg | 146.03 | 16428.44 | 394.28T/ my |
||
| 8 | Power consumption | Kw/h | 120 | 10125 | |||
| 9 | The TRT generating | Kw/h | 60 | 6750 |
| 10 | Water coolant | 10.0T/T | 1125T/h | Mend new water 56.25T/ |
||
| 11 | Coke | Kg | 180 | 20.25T/h | 486T/ days | 16.038 ten thousand |
| 12 | Give gas outward | M 3 | 997.5 | 101007 | Calorific value 6.25MJ/ |
|
| 13 | The ton iron heat that gives gas outward | 6.503GJ/T |
Six, process energy consumption
∑Q＝701.8×16MJ+180×7×4.18+3.6×120MJ
-60 * 3.6MJ-6503.51MJ=10.208GJ=348.88kgce/T iron is compared 10.208GJ/T ÷ 14.63GJ/T=70.0% then energy-conservation 30% with conventional blast furnace
Seven, carbon dioxide discharge-reduction
7.1 conventional blast furnace all calculates with coke
14.63 * 1000MJ ÷ (7980 * 4.18 ÷ 1000)=438.60kg carbon
Should generate amount of carbon dioxide
438.6 * (44 ÷ 12)=1608.2kg carbonic acid gas
Generate amount of carbon dioxide 7.2 improve the back
Become gas by coal and account for the energy consumption total amount
10.208GJ-(180kg×7000×4.18÷1000)MJ＝4941.2MJ
Conversion coal gas amount 4941.2MJ ÷ [4.18 * (3.021 * 47.44%+2.580 * 29.04%)]=541.65M
3, wherein CO measures 541.65 * 0.4744=256.96M
3
Calculate with tail gas: tail gas CO
2=323.11M
3
With the pre-hot steam of tail gas and oxygen, pressurized air 485.66M
3* 0.333=161.72M
3
Then: CO
2Total amount 323.11+161.72=484.83M
3=952.35kg
Then the carbon dioxide discharge-reduction amount can be calculated as follows in the blast-furnace smelting operation:
1608.2kg-952.4kg＝655.85kg
Reduction of discharging ratio: 655.85 ÷ 1608.2=40.78%
Wherein reduce lime consumption 150kg/T, arrange less carbonic acid gas and coke reduce, energy-conservation, the pelletizing ratio increases sintered, energy saving, reducing emission of carbon dioxide does not count by annual 3000000 tons of steel and calculates, but every year 1960000 tons of reducing emission of carbon dioxide.
Claims (3)
1. coal powder pure oxygen blast furnace ironmaking process, be on pulverized coal injection powder craft basis, utilize oxygenerator to prepare pure oxygen, utilize air compressor to prepare pressurized air, utilize waste heat boiler to prepare water vapor, the same pressurized air of oxygen, water vapor mixes the back and is preheating to 900-1500 ℃ by horizontal hot air furnace, coal dust is sprayed in the coal-gas producer (28), spray into the above-mentioned gas of high temperature preheating simultaneously, in high-temperature entrained flow coal-gas producer (28), produce gasification reaction, coal gas of high temperature is removed the 90-95% dust through coal gas of high temperature complex dust collector (3), and coal gas of high temperature directly sprays into the blast furnace stack bottom and participates in the ironmaking reaction, and blast furnace burden is based on acidic pellet ore, suitably with addition of the part high basicity sinter, iron per ton blasts 1200m
3-1750m
3Coal gas of high temperature blasts 80-120m
3Oxygen/T ironmaking is characterized in that:
Air flow bed coal-gas producer (2), form by coal powder injection device and coal-gas producer (28), the coal powder injection device comprises feed bin (5), the first transfer jar (6), the second transfer jar (7), electronic scales (8), revolving plow reclaimer (9), screw-type coal distributor (10), feed bin (5) top is provided with coal dust input aperture (11), feed bin (5) bottom is connected by pipeline with the first transfer jar (6), this pipeline is provided with first valve (12), the first transfer jar (6) is connected with the second transfer jar (7) by pipeline, connecting pipeline between the first and second transfer jars is provided with second valve (13), be provided with electronic scales (8) in the second transfer jar (7), second transfer jar (7) bottom is connected by the opening for feed of pipeline with revolving plow reclaimer (9), revolving plow reclaimer (9) discharge port and screw-type coal distributor (10) pass through pipe connection, this pipeline is provided with slide valve (14), the discharge port of screw-type coal distributor (10) is connected with the coal inlet (15) of coal-gas producer, on screw-type coal distributor (10) diapire, be provided with a high-temperature vapour input aperture (16), be connected with vapor source by pipeline, so that feed water vapor to coal-gas producer, gas exit (17) is arranged at coal-gas producer top, and this gas exit (17) is connected by the gas entry of pipeline with the gas ash separate chamber (18) at coal gas of high temperature complex dust collector (3) middle part.
2. a kind of coal powder pure oxygen blast furnace ironmaking process according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described coal gas of high temperature complex dust collector (3), connect and compose successively by gas ash separate chamber (18), grey settling pocket (19) and dust collection chamber (20), be provided with coal gas delivery port (22) at top, gas ash separate chamber, top, gas ash separate chamber (18) is provided with multiple layer refractory tubular type retaining grieshoch (23), be equiped with valve (24) on grey settling pocket (19) and dust collection chamber (20) connecting tube, dust collection chamber (20) bottom is provided with unloads grey passage (21).
3. a kind of coal powder pure oxygen blast furnace ironmaking process according to claim 1, it is characterized in that being provided with spray gun (25) on the top, gas ash separate chamber (18) of high-temperature gas duster, 200-400 ℃ of steam is sprayed into gas ash separate chamber in right amount, make ash be cooled to 600 ℃, part physics heat in the recyclable lime-ash is particularly conducive to the thermo-efficiency that improves high ash content, low-calorie coal.
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| CN101831517B (en) * | 2010-05-26 | 2011-09-21 | 王林 | Blast furnace coal gasification air heating furnace smelting method |
| CN102213547A (en) * | 2011-04-18 | 2011-10-12 | 吴道洪 | Regenerative melting furnace and method thereof for smelting black, colored or non-metallic ores |
| JP6012360B2 (en) * | 2012-09-20 | 2016-10-25 | 三菱重工業株式会社 | Pulverized coal blowing device, blast furnace equipment equipped with the same, and pulverized coal supply method |
| CN103111456B (en) * | 2013-01-31 | 2015-04-15 | 清华大学 | Method for reducing iron sesquioxide in fly ash of coal-fired circulating fluidized bed boiler |
| CN109937247A (en) * | 2016-11-03 | 2019-06-25 | 米德雷克斯技术公司 | Utilize the direct-reduction of coal gasification and coke-stove gas |
| CN108103254B (en) * | 2017-12-19 | 2019-07-09 | 武汉钢铁有限公司 | The high furnace control system of hydrogen-rich and method humidified based on low-quality oxygen and greatly |
| CN109035059A (en) * | 2018-07-11 | 2018-12-18 | 山西太钢不锈钢股份有限公司 | Ferrous Metallurgy yield measuring method under a kind of blast furnace operating condition |
| CN111140842A (en) * | 2018-11-06 | 2020-05-12 | 中国科学院工程热物理研究所 | Back-mixing self-preheating combustion boiler system and pulverized coal self-preheating combustion method |
| CN110514019B (en) * | 2019-08-27 | 2024-03-08 | 中信重工机械股份有限公司 | High-temperature powdery material cooling process and device |
| CN112322813B (en) * | 2020-11-03 | 2022-01-25 | 马鞍山钢铁股份有限公司 | Blast furnace tuyere raceway test simulation method |
| CN114395648B (en) * | 2022-01-30 | 2022-12-30 | 新疆八一钢铁股份有限公司 | Iron-making method of hydrogen-carbon-rich circulating blast furnace |
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