CN101402134A - Centrifugal casting cold-type air and mist cooling system and method - Google Patents
Centrifugal casting cold-type air and mist cooling system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN101402134A CN101402134A CNA2008102265302A CN200810226530A CN101402134A CN 101402134 A CN101402134 A CN 101402134A CN A2008102265302 A CNA2008102265302 A CN A2008102265302A CN 200810226530 A CN200810226530 A CN 200810226530A CN 101402134 A CN101402134 A CN 101402134A
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- 238000009750 centrifugal casting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
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- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
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Abstract
A centrifugal casting cold mould gas and mist cooling system and a method thereof are provided, the cooling system comprises a water collecting pipe, a gas collecting pipe and a plurality of groups of gas mist cooling nozzles, wherein the water collecting pipe and the gas collecting pipe are arranged in parallel with the axis of a centrifugal machine, each group of gas mist cooling nozzles are respectively provided with a water inlet connected with the water collecting pipe, an air inlet connected with the gas collecting pipe and a gas mist mixing nozzle, and the gas mist mixing nozzle is arranged towards a centrifugal casting mould so as to mix compressed air entering the air inlet and high-pressure water entering the water inlet into mist according to an adjusted proportion and then spray the mist to the outer surface of a corresponding cold mould from a nozzle opening. The invention realizes the adjustment of the temperature field in the centrifugal casting process; the method realizes effective control of the structure segregation and the structure coarseness phenomenon in the solidification process, and has the function of slowing down the structure segregation and the structure coarseness of a working layer; the method can realize effective control of the upper and lower erosion amount and the quality of the combined layer in the vertical core filling process, and has the effects of reducing the thickness difference of the working layer and improving the quality of the combined layer at two ends of the roller.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to centrifugal manufacturing field, refer in particular to gas, the fog cooling system and method for centrifugal casting process cold mould.
Background technology
As everyone knows, existing centrifugal casting roll cold mould cooling means is the cooling naturally in air of rotation casting mold, no control ability.With the cast of Φ 1250 * 5000 rolls be cooled to example, about traditional design cold mould wall thickness 300mm, cold mould weight 73000Kg, with cast ICDP roll is example, Fig. 1, Fig. 2 are respectively Φ 1250 * 5000 roll working linings and cool off CAE Temperature Distribution cloud atlas and corresponding Temperature Distribution schematic diagram naturally with traditional centrifugal casting cold mould, and its two ends temperature is starkly lower than the middle part; The working lining microstructure segregation that the traditional handicraft working lining is prone to as shown in Figure 3.
Because centrifugal roller casting, particularly contain the high alloy iron roll centrifugal casting of graphite, carbide, its Microstructure Control mainly is that the Quench by casting mold realizes, and the Quench ability of casting mold sharply descends with the accumulation of heat of casting mold, the postponement of time, therefore the skin of the roll tissue of traditional handicraft method can't exist non-uniform phenomenon with avoiding, extexine is organized alligatoring gradually inwards, causes roll to use the middle and later periods performance and obviously descends; And, adopt the vertical core of filling out because centrifugal roller is filled out the core recombination process, fill out core metal liquid to outer scouring capability below greater than the top, fill out the core process and finish gradually from bottom to top, the therefore easy ironing of below working lining, the top is prone in conjunction with bad.
Past people make every effort to always by change alloyage process and breed, rotten method solves microstructure segregation and alligatoring problem, but fail to be effectively controlled, up and down the never good solution thinking of the uneven problem of thickness corrode always.Naturally cool off the deficiency that exists in view of existing centrifugal casting mould, the inventor has proposed centrifugal casting cold gas of the present invention, fog cooling system and method based on abundant professional theory knowledge and research and development experience, to improve or to overcome the defective of prior art.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is: a kind of centrifugal casting cold gas, fog cooling system are provided, it overcomes the deficiency that exists in traditional natural cooling means, make centrifugal casting the cooling of casting process cold mould can according to expection require controlled, thereby play the purpose of control foundry goods working lining tissue, performance.
Another technical problem that the present invention will solve is: a kind of centrifugal casting cold gas, fog cooling method are provided, and it is realized the cold mould temperature controlling by utilizing gas, fog cooling method, and then realization is to the control purpose in working lining temperature field.
Technical solution of the present invention is: a kind of centrifugal casting cold gas, the fog cooling system, it is characterized in that, this cooling system comprises collector pipe, discharge and many group aerosol cooling jets, wherein, this collector pipe and this discharge and centrifuge axis be arranged in parallel, every group of aerosol cooling jet is respectively equipped with the water inlet that links to each other with described collector pipe, air inlet that links to each other with described discharge and aerosol hybrid nozzle, described aerosol hybrid nozzle is towards the cold mould setting, to be sprayed onto corresponding cold mould outer surface from jet hole behind compressed air that will enter air inlet and the water under high pressure that the enters water inlet ratio mixing mist formation in adjustment.
The present invention also proposes a kind of centrifugal casting cold gas, fog cooling method, and it comprises: the cold mould that will possess pouring condition is placed on the centrifuge carrying roller, cold mould along the cold mould track in the support of centrifuge carrying roller with do circumference under driving and rotatablely move; Casting of molten metal; Cooling casting mold: behind the casting complete, be sprayed onto corresponding cold mould outer surface after compressed air and water under high pressure mixed mist formation in proportion.
Centrifugal casting cold gas of the present invention, fog cooling system and method need not that original centrifugation apparatus is carried out big transformation and can realize the cooling of casting mold is controlled, and have following advantage at least:
1, improve the centrifugal casting process temperature field, improve the working lining consecutive solidification, slacken microstructure segregation, slacken and organize thick phenomenon.
2, stablize the casting mold hull-skin temperature, improve mold stiffness, reduce the uneven mechanical oscillation phenomenon that produces of casting mold heat expansion, on the basis that guarantees the enough stiffness and strengths of casting mold, can make casting mold weight littler.
3, utilize the definite Temperature Distribution of CAE FEM calculation to casting mold, can be by adjusting the temperature field, foundry goods (as roll) working lining internal surface temperature is gradually changed from low to high along axis on request, eliminate the roll two ends, alleviate uneven thickness phenomenon up and down in conjunction with bad phenomenon.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a centrifugal casting roll cold mould tradition cooling CAE Temperature Distribution cloud atlas naturally.
Fig. 2 is the natural chilling temperature distribution schematic diagram of centrifugal casting roll cold mould tradition.
Fig. 3 is the natural cooling work layer of a centrifugal casting roll cold mould tradition inner tissue distribution map.
Fig. 4 A, Fig. 4 B are the structural representation of two specific embodiments of centrifugal casting cold gas of the present invention, fog cooling system.
Fig. 5 is the water consumption distribution schematic diagram of an Application Example of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is the outer internal surface temperature distribution schematic diagram of Another Application embodiment target call.
Fig. 7 is the water consumption distribution schematic diagram of corresponding diagram 6.
The drawing reference numeral explanation:
1, collector pipe 2, deluge valve 3, water control valve
4, nozzle 5, discharge 6, gas collection valve
7, tolerance control valve 6, gas collection valve 7, tolerance control valve
8, air hose 9, cold mould 10, casting metals liquid
11, carrying roller 12, end cap 13, steam kuppe
14, mozzle 15, air-introduced machine 16, diffuse mouth
The specific embodiment
Reach technological means and the effect that predetermined goal of the invention is taked for further setting forth the present invention, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and preferred embodiment, to centrifugal casting cold gas, its specific embodiment of fog cooling method, structure, feature and the effect that foundation the present invention proposes, describe in detail as after.
By the explanation of the specific embodiment, when can being to reach technological means and the effect that predetermined purpose takes to be goed deep into concrete understanding more to the present invention, yet institute's accompanying drawing only provide with reference to and explanation usefulness, be not to be used for the present invention is limited.
The present invention at first proposes a kind of centrifugal casting cold gas, the fog cooling system, this cooling system comprises collector pipe, discharge and many group aerosol cooling jets, wherein, this collector pipe and this discharge and centrifuge axis be arranged in parallel, every group of aerosol cooling jet is respectively equipped with the water inlet that links to each other with described collector pipe, air inlet that links to each other with described discharge and aerosol hybrid nozzle, described aerosol hybrid nozzle is towards the centrifugal casting mould setting, to be sprayed onto corresponding cold mould outer surface from jet hole behind compressed air that will enter air inlet and the water under high pressure that the enters water inlet ratio mixing mist formation in adjustment.
Shown in Fig. 4 A, be the structural representation of a specific embodiment of centrifugal casting cold gas of the present invention, fog cooling system, it is that example describes with the centrifugal casting roll.As shown in the figure, roll cold mould 9 places on the centrifuge carrying roller 11, two ends are provided with end cap 12, at centrifugal casting mould side-lower and centrifuge axis be arranged in parallel a collector pipe 1 and a discharge 5, on collector pipe 1 and discharge 5, evenly arrange 10~30 groups of (present embodiment is 23 groups) aerosol cooling jets 4; Water inlet, air inlet, aerosol hybrid nozzle are arranged respectively on every group of nozzle 4; Water inlet is connected with water control valve 3, tolerance control valve 7 thread seals respectively with air inlet; Water control valve 3, tolerance control valve 7 are connected with collector pipe 1, discharge 5 thread seals respectively; And the front end of collector pipe 1, discharge 5 links with deluge valve 2, gas collection valve 6 thread seals respectively.
In the present embodiment, this collector pipe 1 is located at the top of discharge 5, and each nozzle 4 is located on the collector pipe by the water control valve 3 of correspondence, and air hose 8 and the tolerance control valve 7 of the air inlet of each nozzle 4 by correspondence is connected to discharge 5.By adjusting water control valve 3, tolerance control valve 7, can adjust water under high pressure and compressed-air actuated flow, by adjusting the two flow proportional, can satisfy the requirement of Temperature Distribution in the roll working lining.
Shown in Fig. 4 B, another specific embodiment for cooling system of the present invention, among this embodiment, cooling system also comprises the steam kuppe 13 that is located at the outside, and this steam kuppe 13 by mozzle 14, air-introduced machine 15, diffuse mouthfuls 16 and be communicated to atmosphere, thereby the steam that cooling procedure produces is discharged.Operation for convenience; this steam kuppe 13 comprises fixed base portion and openable top composition, and the connection of the two can adopt multiple existing structure to realize, for example can adopt the alignment pin location closing connection; because this connection is not a key protection point of the present invention, will not give unnecessary details herein.
Shower nozzle will enter the compressed air of air inlet and enter the ratio mixing mist formation of the water under high pressure of water inlet in adjustment, be sector from jet hole and be sprayed onto the effect that corresponding cold mould outer surface plays the cooling casting mold, the aerosol body of water is heated and produces a large amount of steam simultaneously, and steam is discharged by air-introduced machine 15 through steam kuppe 13, mozzle 14 and diffused mouth 16.
Because the raising of casting mold intensity of cooling, improved casting mold and caused molten metal Quench ability drop phenomenon to pouring into because of accumulation of heat, reach the purpose of even thinning microstructure, the field distribution of control exospheric temperature, improved skin of the roll inner surface and metallurgical binding ability of filling out core metal liquid and work Thickness Control level.
Corresponding with above-mentioned centrifugal casting roll cold gas, fog cooling system, the present invention also proposes a kind of centrifugal casting roll cold gas, fog cooling method, in roll centrifugal casting process, be that the roll cold mould that will possess pouring condition earlier is placed on the centrifuge carrying roller, cold mould along the cold mould track in the support of centrifuge carrying roller with do circumference under driving and rotatablely move; Casting of molten metal then; Finish after the cast to be sprayed onto corresponding cold mould outer surface after compressed air and water under high pressure mixed mist formation in proportion, with the cooling casting mold.Wherein, the cold mould material can select for use phosphorus content at 0.25~0.35% low-alloy cast steel or forged steel.
As mentioned above, can be arranged to organize aerosol cooling jets 4 in parallel at cold mould side-lower and centrifuge axis more, after mixing mist formation in the ratio of adjusting, the water under high pressure that utilizes the aerosol hybrid nozzle of aerosol cooling jet 4 will enter the compressed air of air inlet and enter water inlet is the fan-shaped outer surface that is sprayed onto corresponding cold mould 9 from jet hole, every group of aerosol cooling jet 4 adopts independently water control valve 3, tolerance control valve 7 to control, and strengthens the controllability of axial intensity of cooling.By the water vapour that casting mold heats, can discharge from diffusing mouth 16 by air-introduced machine 15 along the steam kuppe 13 that covers on the casting mold outside, mozzle 14.
In addition, requirement according to Temperature Distribution in the breaker roll working lining, can utilize the CAE finite element numerical simulation to calculate and definite different parts nozzle intensity of cooling, and adjust gas, discharge ratio by water control valve, the tolerance control valve of adjusting each nozzle correspondence in advance, cooling only need be opened the gas collection valve during casting mold in regular turn, deluge valve can make roll in centrifugal casting process consecutive solidification as requested, reaches required working lining Temperature Distribution.
Because each nozzle of the present invention all has independent water control valve, tolerance control valve, therefore, water, gas mix when cooling off, and gas and water all can be by any adjustings of 0%~100%; By the adjusting of different parts nozzle being realized adjusting, thereby make the working lining order of solidifying on request reach temperature required distribution, realizes vertical effective control of filling out corrode amount about the core process and bonding layer quality whole roll working lining Temperature Distribution.
Pressure cooling of the present invention has improved casting mold Quench ability greatly, and having ready conditions makes casting mold weight make gentlyer; The raising of Quench ability has simultaneously been played and has been slowed down roll working lining microstructure segregation and organize thick.Casting mold outer wall cooling of the present invention has reduced the centrifuge oscillation phenomenon that mo(U)ld face temperature inequality causes.
With two Application Examples the concrete application of cooling system of the present invention and cooling device and the effect that reaches are described below.
Application Example one
In order to make that solidification layer internal surface temperature Temperature Distribution is more even in the casting mold, the maximum temperature difference of dwindling center and both sides is utilized the CAE finite element numerical simulation to calculate and is determined the intensity of cooling of different parts nozzle.With roll ZG30 cast steel cold mould is example (being used for Φ 1250 * 5000 rolls), the cold mould wall thickness is 250mm, and cold mould weight 59000Kg, inner-wall paint layer thickness are 3.0mm, 200 ℃ of cold mould temperature, the centrifugal casting roll cold gas that calculates, the distribution of fog cooling water consumption are as shown in Figure 5.In view of the above, present embodiment comprises the following steps:
At first adjust each water control valve 3, the tolerance control valve 7 of centrifugal casting roll cold gas, fog cooling system, the ratio (flow) that makes water account for mixing fog is pressed Fig. 5 and is distributed;
Then, be placed on the centrifuge carrying roller assembling, sprayed coating and the temperature roll ZG30 cast steel cold mould at 150~250 ℃, cold mould is done circumference with 600 rev/mins of rotating speeds along track and is rotatablely moved under the support drive of centrifuge carrying roller;
Pour into a mould outer ICDP alloy cast iron material molten metal, cast thickness 80mm, 1350 ℃ of pouring temperatures;
Open air-introduced machine subsequently, pour into a mould and opened the gas collection valve in back 5 minutes, pour into a mould and opened deluge valve in back 8 minutes;
Air-introduced machine is closed in closure set water valve, gas collection valve and the stall of slowing down in 35 minutes.
After finishing above-mentioned steps, 925~945 ℃ of solidification layer internal surface temperatures in the monitoring casting mold, 20 ℃ of center and both sides maximum temperature difference, uniformity of temperature profile, effect are obvious; And casting mold weight reduces 14000Kg by traditional design, and whole process casting mold rotation is not steadily vibrated, and working lining microstructure segregation situation takes an evident turn for the better.
Application Example two
In the present embodiment, centrifugal roller is filled out the core recombination process and is adopted the vertical core of filling out, and be that example describes with roll ZG30 cast steel cold mould still: the cold mould wall thickness is 250mm, and the inner-wall paint layer thickness is 3.0mm, 200 ℃ of cold mould temperature.
Wash away the adverse consequences that causes with temperature for elimination, utilize the CAE finite element numerical simulation to calculate and determine the intensity of cooling of different parts nozzle, desirable casting mold ectonexine internal surface temperature distributes and should reach Fig. 6 requirement that distributes, and corresponding mo(U)ld face cooling water inflow distributes as shown in Figure 7.
Present embodiment comprises the following steps:
Adjust centrifugal casting roll cold gas, each water control valve of fog cooling, tolerance control valve, make water account for the ratio of mixing fog (flow) and meet Fig. 7 requirement that distributes;
Be placed on the centrifuge carrying roller assembling, sprayed coating and the temperature roll ZG30 cast steel cold mould at 150~250 ℃, cold mould is done circumference with 600 rev/mins of rotating speeds along track and is rotatablely moved under the support drive of centrifuge carrying roller;
Pour into a mould outer ICDP alloy cast iron material pouring metal melt thickness 80mm, 1350 ℃ of pouring temperatures;
Open air-introduced machine subsequently, pour into a mould and opened the gas collection valve in back 5 minutes, pour into a mould and opened deluge valve in back 8 minutes;
Air-introduced machine is closed in closure set water valve, gas collection valve and the stall of slowing down in 35 minutes.
After finishing above-mentioned steps, 910~915 ℃ of solidification layer internal surface temperature lower ends, 930~945 ℃ of upper ends in the monitoring casting mold, whole axial temperature transition is even, two end regions do not have obvious drop of temperature; Whole process casting mold rotation is not steadily vibrated, and after the stall, the secondary mould assembling was filled out core after 2 minutes, filled out 1360 ℃ of core temperature, filled out 5 minutes core time.The roll preliminary working flaw detection thickness of cast is even: 55~65mm, the lower end tangible working lining do not occur and eats thin, upper end and do not find the binder course bad phenomenon, and whole body of roll binder course bond quality is good, the check of working lining inner tissue, and the segregation situation takes an evident turn for the better.
Application Example described above only is in order to understand technical scheme of the present invention, be not to be used to limit the invention, those skilled in the art can understand, the concrete structure of this system and form also can be made other variation and modification, and, application that it is concrete and implementation condition also are not limited to above cited, and the present invention can be applicable to the centrifugal casting technique of other structure equally, and its enforcement conditionally complete can be adjusted, change according to actual needs.
By foregoing description as can be known, among the present invention,, realized regulating to the unlimited transition of arbitrary proportion of 100% water, realized the regulated at will of arbitrary nozzle intensity of cooling by 100% gas owing to adopt water, the cooling of gas hybrid mode; Adopt the analog computation of CAE finite element simulation to make the Temperature Distribution of requirement accomplished by this cooling system; Every group of nozzle adopts independently, and water control valve, tolerance control valve make axial intensity of cooling controllability stronger; The application of deluge valve, gas collection valve, make cooling system unlatching, stop more convenient.
Secondly, the present invention adopts forced cooling method, has solved the problem of centrifugal casting mould Quench scarce capacity, is therefore guaranteeing can to make casting mold weight lighter on mold stiffness, the intensity based.
Once more, the present invention adopts casting mold outer wall cooling, has controlled the mo(U)ld face temperature effectively, alleviates and has eliminated the centrifuge oscillation phenomenon that the cast back causes because of casting mold thermal expansion inequality.
Centrifugal casting roll cold gas of the present invention, fog cooling system and method have been realized the adjusting in roll centrifugal casting process temperature field; Realized the process of setting microstructure segregation, organized effective control of thick phenomenon, the roll of slowing down working lining microstructure segregation has been arranged, organize thick effect; Can realize the vertical up and down effective control of corrode amount and bonding layer quality of core process of filling out, the effect that reduces the working lining thickness difference, improves roll two ends bonding layer quality is arranged.
Though the present invention discloses as above with preferred embodiment, yet be not in order to limit the present invention, for example the present invention is except the manufacturing that is used for above-mentioned centrifugal roller, can be applicable to various cylindrical member equally, the centrifugal casting of cover shape part, therefore, any those skilled in the art, in the scope that does not break away from technical solution of the present invention, when the technology contents that can utilize above-mentioned announcement, make the equivalent embodiment that changes or be modified to equivalent variations, in every case be not break away from the technical solution of the present invention content, foundation technical spirit of the present invention is to above any simple modification that embodiment did, equivalent variations and modification all still belong in the scope of technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (13)
1, a kind of centrifugal casting cold gas, the fog cooling system, it is characterized in that, this cooling system comprises collector pipe, discharge and many group aerosol cooling jets, wherein, this collector pipe and this discharge and centrifuge axis be arranged in parallel, every group of aerosol cooling jet is respectively equipped with the water inlet that links to each other with described collector pipe, air inlet that links to each other with described discharge and aerosol hybrid nozzle, described aerosol hybrid nozzle is towards the cold mould setting, to be sprayed onto corresponding cold mould outer surface from jet hole behind compressed air that will enter air inlet and the water under high pressure that the enters water inlet ratio mixing mist formation in adjustment.
2, centrifugal casting cold gas as claimed in claim 1, fog cooling system is characterized in that, this collector pipe and this discharge are positioned at the side-lower of cold mould.
3, centrifugal casting cold gas as claimed in claim 1, fog cooling system is characterized in that, described water inlet is to be connected with described collector pipe by water control valve, and described air inlet is to be connected with aforementioned discharge by the tolerance control valve.
4, centrifugal casting cold gas as claimed in claim 1, fog cooling system is characterized in that, this collector pipe is connected with deluge valve, and this discharge is connected with the gas collection valve.
5, centrifugal casting cold gas as claimed in claim 1, fog cooling system, it is characterized in that, described cooling system also is covered with the steam kuppe, and this steam kuppe by mozzle, air-introduced machine, diffuse mouth and be communicated to atmosphere, thereby the steam that cooling procedure produces is discharged.
6, centrifugal casting cold gas as claimed in claim 1, fog cooling system is characterized in that, described cooling system is used for the cooling of centrifugal casting roll cold mould.
7, a kind of centrifugal casting cold gas, fog cooling method, it comprises:
The cold mould that will possess pouring condition is placed on the centrifuge carrying roller, cold mould along the cold mould track in the support of centrifuge carrying roller with do circumference under driving and rotatablely move;
Casting of molten metal;
Cooling casting mold: behind the casting complete, be sprayed onto corresponding cold mould outer surface after compressed air and water under high pressure mixed mist formation in proportion.
8, centrifugal casting cold gas as claimed in claim 7, fog cooling method, it is characterized in that, be arranged to organize the aerosol cooling jets in parallel at centrifugal casting mould side-lower and centrifuge axis more, every group of aerosol cooling jet is respectively equipped with the water inlet that links to each other with collector pipe, the air inlet that links to each other with discharge and aerosol hybrid nozzle, is to be sprayed onto corresponding cold mould outer surface after mixing mist formation in proportion by the water under high pressure that described aerosol hybrid nozzle will enter the compressed air of air inlet and enter water inlet.
9, centrifugal casting cold gas as claimed in claim 8, fog cooling method is characterized in that, every group of aerosol cooling jet adopts independently water control valve, tolerance control valve to control, and strengthens the controllability of axial intensity of cooling.
10, centrifugal casting cold gas as claimed in claim 8, fog cooling method is characterized in that, this collector pipe is connected with deluge valve, and this discharge is connected with the gas collection valve, to realize the open and close controlling to collector pipe and discharge.
11, centrifugal casting cold gas as claimed in claim 9, fog cooling method is characterized in that, also comprise the requirement according to Temperature Distribution in the breaker roll working lining, utilize the CAE finite element numerical simulation to calculate and definite different parts nozzle intensity of cooling.
12, centrifugal casting cold gas as claimed in claim 11, fog cooling method is characterized in that, are to adjust gas, water ratio by water control valve, the tolerance control valve of adjusting each nozzle correspondence in advance, to meet each nozzle intensity of cooling; Open the gas collection valve during cooling in regular turn, deluge valve can make roll in centrifugal casting process consecutive solidification as requested, reaches required working lining Temperature Distribution.
13, centrifugal casting cold gas as claimed in claim 7, fog cooling method is characterized in that, described cooling means is used for the centrifugal casting roll cold mould is cooled off.
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