CN101397908A - 同时除掉岩心内油与盐的方法 - Google Patents

同时除掉岩心内油与盐的方法 Download PDF

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CN101397908A
CN101397908A CNA2008101723591A CN200810172359A CN101397908A CN 101397908 A CN101397908 A CN 101397908A CN A2008101723591 A CNA2008101723591 A CN A2008101723591A CN 200810172359 A CN200810172359 A CN 200810172359A CN 101397908 A CN101397908 A CN 101397908A
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methyl alcohol
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benzene
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CN101397908B (zh
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刘玉
曲斌
张志宏
刘凤霞
李芝华
孔祥鹏
田宇新
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Petrochina Co Ltd
Daqing Oilfield Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种同时除掉岩心内油与盐的方法。该方法包括下列步骤:采用甲醇与苯1∶1比例的溶剂,利用索氏抽体器进行除油除盐抽提,经60~72小时的抽提能够同时除掉岩心孔隙内的原油与盐。该方法降低了乙醇与甲醇的消耗,提高了工作效率;降低了甲醇溶液毒性,提高了安全性。

Description

同时除掉岩心内油与盐的方法
技术领域:
本发明涉及油田勘探与开发测试领域及其它领域所用的同时除油除盐方法,尤其是一种同时除掉岩心内油与盐的方法。
背景技术:
在油田勘探与开发技术中,研究储层岩石物性等特征如岩石孔隙度、渗透率、饱和度等,需要除掉岩石孔隙内的原油与各种盐类。以往采用的方法(称该方法为分步除油除盐法)是先利用乙醇与苯1∶3溶液,通过索氏抽体器抽提60~72小时,除掉岩心内的原油,烘干后再装入溶剂为甲醇的索氏抽体器,抽提60~72小时,除掉岩心孔隙内的盐。采用该除油除盐方法的缺点:两次装取样品;抽提时间长,需要120~144小时;近似100%的甲醇溶剂,属于剧毒物质,极易挥发,对人有很大的伤害性。因此,对于高矿化度含油岩石除油除盐较费力,且工作效率低,易造成人身伤害。
发明内容:
为了克服背景技术中的不足,本发明提供一种同时除掉岩心内油与盐的方法,该方法降低了乙醇与甲醇的消耗,提高了工作效率;降低了甲醇溶液毒性,提高了安全性。
本发明所采用的技术方案是:该同时除掉岩心内油与盐的方法采用甲醇与苯1∶1比例的溶剂,利用索氏抽体器进行除油除盐抽提,经60~72小时的抽提能够同时除掉岩心孔隙内的原油与盐。
本发明具有如下有益效果:本方法属于利用液体与液体间、液体与固体间相互混溶性质将某物体内的不同物质(液体和/或固体)通过索氏抽体器(或其它浸泡、抽提装置)被溶液从物体孔隙内同时除掉的方法。本方法改变原来的除油除盐所用试剂及试剂比例,采用甲醇与苯1∶1比例的溶剂,利用索氏抽体器进行除油除盐抽提,经60~72小时的抽提能够同时除掉岩心孔隙内的原油与盐(称该方法为一步除油除盐法)。采用一步除油除盐法进行除油除盐节省了洗盐时间,降低了乙醇与甲醇的消耗,提高了工作效率。同时,由于一步除油除盐法采用50%的甲醇溶液做试剂,降低了甲醇溶液毒性,提高了安全性。
具体实施方式:
下面结合实验对本发明作进一步说明:为验证一步除油除盐法的有效性与可行性,进行了方法实验:选择一批高矿化度含油样品690块,样品质量一般为15~30g,样品含水一般为0.2~1.4mL(样品含水多少与岩性、含油性、样品大小等因素有关),分成甲已两组,每组345块,分别采用上述两种方法分批进行除油除盐。分步法除油除盐的实验为:先用乙醇-苯1:3溶液除油,再用甲醇-苯1:1溶液除油与除盐,然后再用甲醇100%溶剂除盐;与前文提到的分步除油除盐区别在于增加了甲醇-苯1∶1溶液除油除盐实验,目的是检验甲醇-苯1∶1溶液除盐效果。上述三种除油除盐方法分别经60~72小时的抽提,进行烘干称重(其部分样品见表1),对比三种实验质量,乙醇-苯(1∶3溶液)除油后的质量明显大于后两者,与甲醇-苯(1∶1溶液)除盐后最大质量差为0.132g,平均为0.08g。而经甲醇-苯除岩后再用甲醇除盐,其二者质量差很小,最大为0.019g,平均为0.006g,说明甲醇-苯(1∶1溶液)已经起到很好的除盐作用。
一步法除油除盐的乙组采用甲醇与苯1∶1比例的溶剂利用索氏抽体器抽提60~72小时,进行烘干称重(其部分样品见表2),质量为M1。然后将该样品再采用上述分步法除油除盐,除油后的质量为M2,除盐后的质量为M3,对比M1、M2、M3近似相等,差值小于0.02G,三者有大有小。说明采用一步法除油除盐是有效的、可行的。能够达到岩心同时除油除盐的目的。两种方法的比较:一步除油除盐法,节省了洗盐以及中间烘干、称量等所用时间,降低了劳动强度与材料的消耗,工作效率提高一倍以上,同时,降低了甲醇溶液浓度,提高了安全性。
表1 塔1井高含盐岩心乙醇-苯-甲醇(分步法)除油除盐洗实验数据表
 
样号 乙醇-苯洗后质量m1(g) 时间(小时) 苯-甲醇洗后质量m2(g) 时间(小时) 甲醇洗后质量m3(g) 时间(小时) m1-m2(g) m2-m3(g)
364 20.944 70 20.895 70 20.896 70 0.049 -0.001
313 20.448 60 20.369 60 20.359 60 0.079 0.01
76 25.024 68 24.99 68 24.985 68 0.034 0.005
286 24.608 72 24.541 72 24.54 72 0.067 0.001
348 18.68 65 18.602 65 18.597 65 0.078 0.005
314 20.058 70 19.965 70 19.96 70 0.093 0.005
237 22.966 60 22.902 60 22.89 60 0.064 0.012
322 22.123 68 22.048 68 22.035 68 0.075 0.013
349 22.46 72 22.349 72 22.346 72 0.111 0.003
288 23.672 65 23.567 65 23.553 65 0.105 0.014
250 28.887 70 28.755 70 28.75 70 0.132 0.005
260 22.38 60 22.287 60 22.275 60 0.093 0.012
295 26.015 68 25.947 68 25.935 68 0.068 0.012
319 21.132 72 21.047 72 21.046 72 0.085 0.001
247 23.39 65 23.308 65 23.295 65 0.082 0.013
365 19.604 70 19.528 70 19.519 70 0.076 0.009
308 24.876 60 24.778 60 24.779 60 0.098 -0.001
367 25.74 68 25.644 68 25.637 68 0.096 0.007
361 27.675 72 27.568 72 27.552 72 0.107 0.016
264 27.038 65 26.93 65 26.92 65 0.108 0.01
269 25.1 70 25.004 70 24.984 70 0.096 0.02
307 27.026 60 26.918 60 26.913 60 0.108 0.005
305 22.16 68 22.062 68 22.055 68 0.098 0.007
312 21.244 72 21.179 72 21.159 72 0.065 0.02
330 23.601 65 23.528 65 23.521 65 0.073 0.007
257 23.492 70 23.388 70 23.369 70 0.104 0.019
267 24.8 60 24.672 60 24.672 60 0.128 0
328 16.251 68 16.205 68 16.193 68 0.046 0.012
339 22.276 72 22.213 72 22.22 72 0.063 -0.007
252 25.157 65 25.052 65 25.046 65 0.105 0.006
300 21.734 70 21.671 70 21.664 70 0.063 0.007
239 25.59 60 25.501 60 25.49 60 0.089 0.011
270 24.47 68 24.392 68 24.384 68 0.078 0.008
318 20.101 72 20.037 72 20.031 72 0.064 0.006
304 24.05 65 23.99 65 23.99 65 0.06 0
336 25.493 70 25.389 70 25.383 70 0.104 0.006
324 20.829 60 20.77 60 20.759 60 0.059 0.011
290 22.304 68 22.227 68 22.219 68 0.077 0.008
 
315 21.042 72 20.96 72 20.948 72 0.082 0.012
242 24.966 65 24.882 65 24.871 65 0.084 0.011
350 24.611 70 24.523 70 24.53 70 0.088 -0.007
366 19.856 60 19.794 60 19.793 60 0.062 0.001
362 20.84 68 20.766 68 20.771 68 0.074 -0.005
340 25.131 72 25.038 72 25.031 72 0.093 0.007
325 22.286 65 22.237 65 22.231 65 0.049 0.006
254 26.24 70 26.143 70 26.122 70 0.097 0.021
331 25.352 60 25.28 60 25.267 60 0.072 0.013
326 25.222 68 25.175 68 25.167 68 0.047 0.008
351 22.418 72 22.337 72 22.33 72 0.081 0.007
323 20.871 65 20.815 65 20.808 65 0.056 0.007
280 27.45 70 27.378 70 27.383 70 0.072 -0.005
302 27.053 60 26.977 60 26.976 60 0.076 0.001
259 23.293 68 23.214 68 23.221 68 0.079 -0.007
344 24.48 72 24.412 72 24.402 72 0.068 0.01
表2 塔1井高含盐岩心甲醇-苯(一步法)除油除盐洗实验数据表
 
样品编号 甲醇-苯M1 时间(小时) 乙醇-苯M2 时间(小时) 甲醇M3 时间(小时) 差值M1-M2 差值M1-M3
446 30.072 65 30.069 65 30.075 65 0.003 -0.003
447 25.133 60 25.135 60 25.128 60 -0.002 0.005
448 26.611 72 26.622 72 26.61 72 -0.011 0.001
449 27.556 70 27.547 70 27.549 70 0.009 0.007
450 24.784 68 24.769 68 24.795 68 0.015 -0.011
451 31.232 65 31.237 65 31.219 65 -0.005 0.013
452 29.728 60 29.718 60 29.731 60 0.01 -0.003
453 24.776 72 24.768 72 24.77 72 0.008 0.006
454 32.309 70 32.303 70 32.301 70 0.006 0.008
455 31.104 68 31.097 68 31.087 68 0.007 0.017
456 26.421 65 26.419 65 26.411 65 0.002 0.010
457 28.962 60 28.955 60 28.951 60 0.007 0.011
458 27.873 72 27.859 72 27.878 72 0.014 -0.005
459 33.76 70 33.747 70 33.757 70 0.013 0.003
460 29.894 68 29.874 68 29.877 68 0.020 0.017
461 30.122 65 30.119 65 30.114 65 0.003 0.008
462 31.865 60 31.861 60 31.86 60 0.004 0.005
463 26.83 72 26.821 72 26.818 72 0.009 0.012
464 27.077 70 27.064 70 27.078 70 0.013 -0.001
465 26.425 68 26.406 68 26.414 68 0.019 0.011
466 28.389 65 28.4 65 28.383 65 -0.011 0.006
467 31.076 60 31.073 60 31.063 60 0.003 0.013
468 29.432 72 29.415 72 29.433 72 0.017 -0.001
 
469 29.176 70 29.17 70 29.169 70 0.006 0.007
470 24.175 68 24.166 68 24.167 68 0.009 0.008
471 27.691 65 27.689 65 27.687 65 0.002 0.004
472 30.211 60 30.192 60 30.207 60 0.019 0.004
473 28.128 72 28.134 72 28.125 72 -0.006 0.003
474 29.728 70 29.732 70 29.734 70 -0.004 -0.006
475 30.552 68 30.539 68 30.547 68 0.013 0.005
476 27.996 65 27.987 65 27.996 65 0.009 0.000
477 27.802 60 27.794 60 27.805 60 0.008 -0.003
478 28.783 72 28.786 72 28.788 72 -0.003 -0.005
479 30.962 70 30.978 70 30.958 70 -0.016 0.004
480 26.807 68 26.812 68 26.813 68 -0.005 -0.006
481 25.548 65 25.543 65 25.532 65 0.005 0.016
482 30.95 60 30.962 60 30.945 60 -0.012 0.005
483 26.404 72 26.389 72 26.403 72 0.015 0.001
484 23.454 70 23.438 70 23.443 70 0.016 0.011
485 25.75 68 25.741 68 25.741 68 0.009 0.009
486 29.068 65 29.066 65 29.056 65 0.002 0.012
487 26.286 60 26.271 60 26.292 60 0.015 -0.006
488 23.666 72 23.662 72 23.66 72 0.004 0.006
489 29.531 70 29.516 70 29.528 70 0.015 0.003
490 27.511 68 27.497 68 27.509 68 0.014 0.002
515 28.452 65 28.437 65 28.439 65 0.015 0.013
516 25.72 60 25.714 60 25.73 60 0.006 -0.01
517 26.119 72 26.119 72 26.116 72 0.000 0.003
518 28.311 70 28.302 70 28.299 70 0.009 0.012
519 25.502 68 25.496 68 25.489 68 0.006 0.013
520 26.693 65 26.682 65 26.677 65 0.011 0.016
521 28.349 60 28.339 60 28.344 60 0.01 0.005
522 25.769 72 25.767 72 25.773 72 0.002 -0.004
523 25.28 70 25.264 70 25.287 70 0.016 -0.007
524 28.456 68 28.449 68 28.442 68 0.007 0.014
525 27.46 65 27.446 65 27.457 65 0.014 0.003
526 25.314 60 25.295 60 25.309 60 0.019 0.005
527 25.515 72 25.504 72 25.517 72 0.011 -0.002
528 28.677 70 28.661 70 28.669 70 0.016 0.008
529 24.864 68 24.846 68 24.855 68 0.018 0.009
530 26.919 65 26.906 65 26.924 65 0.013 -0.005
531 27.623 60 27.609 60 27.62 60 0.014 0.003
532 25.12 72 25.108 72 25.111 72 0.012 0.009
533 26.009 70 26.007 70 25.991 70 0.002 0.018
534 24.581 68 24.58 68 24.588 68 0.001 -0.007
535 23.25 65 23.248 65 23.238 65 0.002 0.012
 
536 22.076 60 22.08 60 22.076 60 -0.004 0.000
537 22.262 72 22.257 72 22.254 72 0.005 0.008
538 26.863 70 26.863 70 26.854 70 0.000 0.009
苯与甲醇和乙醇都能形成无限混容的混合液,只是形成共沸物的比例和沸点不同。苯与乙醇只能形成3∶1的共沸物,与甲醇形成的共沸物是1∶1。因此这个比例是由于两种物质的化学性质决定的,由于苯与甲醇形成的共沸物沸点高于乙醇和苯的沸点,易于冷凝,同时甲醇的用量较单用甲醇减少一半,减少了单一溶剂蒸汽的挥发,从而降低了对大气污染的毒性。
由于苯-甲醇是混合液,具有苯与甲醇的双重性质,利用该混合液中的苯除掉岩心内的原油,利用甲醇除掉岩心内的盐类,因此能够同时清除岩心中的油与盐。
由于乙醇不具备溶解盐类的能力,而甲醇具有溶解盐类的性能,采用1∶3乙醇-苯只能达到清洗岩心内油的目的。因此,以往对含盐量高的岩心用3∶1苯-乙醇先进行岩心洗油,再用甲醇洗盐。由于盐类极易溶解于甲醇中,用苯-甲醇混合液洗油的同时可除掉岩心孔隙内结晶的盐类,因此可以省略第二步了,达到了省时、省原料的目的。

Claims (1)

1、一种同时除掉岩心内油与盐的方法,该方法包括下列步骤:采用甲醇与苯1∶1比例的溶剂,利用索氏抽体器进行除油除盐抽提,经60~72小时的抽提能够同时除掉岩心孔隙内的原油与盐。
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CN103411817A (zh) * 2013-07-13 2013-11-27 西南石油大学 一种致密岩心可溶盐的清洗方法
CN107290204A (zh) * 2017-05-22 2017-10-24 中国地质大学(北京) 一种油基泥浆污染岩屑的洗油方法
CN115917117A (zh) * 2020-01-30 2023-04-04 巴西石油公司 纳米流体用于去除来自石油系统的岩石样品中的石油和盐的用途

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US4281712A (en) * 1980-06-13 1981-08-04 Standard Oil Company (Indiana) Minimizing clay and shale damage in a log-inject-log procedure
US4771634A (en) * 1987-04-06 1988-09-20 Shell Oil Company Solvent disperser for removing oil from sponge core
CN2574039Y (zh) * 2002-09-30 2003-09-17 刘宝和 高效岩心洗油仪
CN1281581C (zh) * 2004-05-09 2006-10-25 大庆油田有限责任公司 一种多烷基苯磺酸盐、其复合物、多烷基苯磺酸盐表面活性剂及其应用

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CN103411817A (zh) * 2013-07-13 2013-11-27 西南石油大学 一种致密岩心可溶盐的清洗方法
CN103411817B (zh) * 2013-07-13 2015-05-13 西南石油大学 一种致密岩心可溶盐的清洗方法
CN107290204A (zh) * 2017-05-22 2017-10-24 中国地质大学(北京) 一种油基泥浆污染岩屑的洗油方法
CN107290204B (zh) * 2017-05-22 2019-12-31 中国地质大学(北京) 一种油基泥浆污染岩屑的洗油方法
CN115917117A (zh) * 2020-01-30 2023-04-04 巴西石油公司 纳米流体用于去除来自石油系统的岩石样品中的石油和盐的用途

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