CN101397437A - Coating composition for improving filter material surface and coating formation method thereby - Google Patents
Coating composition for improving filter material surface and coating formation method thereby Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN101397437A CN101397437A CNA2008100714701A CN200810071470A CN101397437A CN 101397437 A CN101397437 A CN 101397437A CN A2008100714701 A CNA2008100714701 A CN A2008100714701A CN 200810071470 A CN200810071470 A CN 200810071470A CN 101397437 A CN101397437 A CN 101397437A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- coating composition
- weight percent
- filter material
- material surface
- filtrate
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Abstract
The invention discloses a coating composite for improving the surface of filtering material and a method for producing coatings by using the coating composite. The coating composite for improving the surface of filtering material provided by the invention comprises polytetrafluoroethylene water dispersion, thickening agent, foaming agent and water. A compact polytetrafluoroethylene protective layer of 30-80g/m<2> can be formed on the surface of the filtering material to improve chemical resistance, surface property and dust cleaning performance of the filtering material, increase filtration precision to a certain extent, lengthen the dust cleaning period and prolong the service life of the filtering material.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to coating composition and with its method that forms coating, relate to especially and a kind ofly be used to improve the coating composition of filter material surface and form the method for coating with it.
Background technology
Continuous enhancing and continuous progress in science and technology along with environmental consciousness in the world wide and requirement, the scientific research personnel studies and utilizes every material and method untiringly, develop new, more effective filtering material cleaning cycle and work-ing life with the chemical resistance that improves filtrate, deashing property, prolongation filtrate, or improve existing filtrate character, and the structure formation that selected raw material type of filtering material and material form is the important assurance that achieves the above object.The exploitation of high performance filtrate and development, make filtration art technical and functional on noticeable lifting has all been arranged.When clean coal firing boiler, waste incineration, Metal smelting, cement, the contour dirt of chemical industry, highly corrosive environments, need high temperature resistantly, corrosion-resistant especially, and have the filtering material of high strainability.Filtering material quality quality and design rationality are directly determining filtering validity and economic feasibility.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of coating composition that is used to improve filter material surface, to solve the above-mentioned problems in the prior art.Coating composition among the present invention can form the tetrafluoroethylene protective layer of one deck densification on the top layer of filtrate, improves chemical resistance, surface effect and the deashing property of filtrate, prolongs the cleaning cycle and the work-ing life of filtrate.
A further object of the invention provides a kind of method of using the formation coating of coating composition.
The technical solution used in the present invention is as follows:
Be used to improve the coating composition of filter material surface, comprise that the weight percent concentration that accounts for weight percent 50～95% is 30%～50% polytetrafluoroethylene aqueous dispersion, 0.1～1% whipping agent and 0.5～3% thickening material and 1～46% water.
The coating composition of said ratio can form the tetrafluoroethylene protective layer of one deck 30～80g/m2 densification on the top layer of filtrate; improve the chemical resistance and the surface effect of filtrate; improve the deashing property of filtrate; prolong the cleaning cycle and the work-ing life of filtrate, and finally reduce filtering energy consumption and running cost.
The aforementioned coating composition that is used for improving filter material surface, polytetrafluoroethylene aqueous dispersion are a kind of in anionic polytetrafluoroethylene aqueous dispersion, cationic tetrafluoroethylene aqueous dispersions or the non-ionic type polytetrafluoroethylene aqueous dispersion.
The aforementioned coating composition that is used for improving filter material surface, whipping agent can be in stearic acid, Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, sodium lauryl sulphate, polyoxyethylenated alcohol sodium sulfate, quaternary ammonium compound, benzalkonium chloride, Morpan BB or the rosined soap class whipping agent a kind of.Whipping agent has higher surface activity, can effectively reduce the surface tension of liquid, forms bubble.Because benzalkonium chloride or Morpan BB have certain disinfecting power, be difficult for causing and go mouldy, so preferred benzalkonium chloride or the Morpan BB of using.
The aforementioned coating composition that is used for improving filter material surface, thickening material can be starch, pectin, agar, gelatin, marine alga fat, carrageenin, dextrin, tragacanth gum, the plain derivative of polysaccharide, methylcellulose gum, carboxymethyl cellulose, sodium polyacrylate, polyoxyethylene, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyvinyl alcohol, a kind of in low-molecular polyethylene wax or the polyacrylamide, but preferred methylcellulose gum or the carboxymethyl cellulose that uses synthetic, most preferably be molecular weight at 4000～15000 methylcellulose gum or carboxymethyl cellulose, when guaranteeing the coating composition performance, reduce production costs.
The aforementioned coating composition that is used for improving filter material surface can also comprise that trace does not influence other any materials of coating composition performance.
The aforementioned coating composition that is used to improve filter material surface is that 40% non-ionic type polytetrafluoroethylene aqueous dispersion, 0.5% benzalkonium chloride or Morpan BB, 1.5% molecular weight are that 8000～10000 methylcellulose gum or carboxymethyl cellulose and 23% water are formed by the weight percent concentration that accounts for weight percent 75% most preferably.
A kind of method of using the formation coating of coating composition may further comprise the steps:
With the weight percent concentration that accounts for weight percent 50～95% is that 30%～50% polytetrafluoroethylene aqueous dispersion, 0.1～1% whipping agent and 0.5～3% thickening material, 1～46% water uniform mixing are made into slurries, in slurries, import pressurized air, shear and foam; Foam is coated onto filtrate, high temperature sintering behind roll.
With the polytetrafluoroethylene aqueous dispersion is main raw material, after joining operations such as slurry, foaming, coating, high temperature sintering, forms one deck 30～80g/m on the top layer of filtrate
2Fine and close tetrafluoroethylene protective layer after the fine particle shape material in the polytetrafluoroethylene aqueous dispersion is coated in filter material surface or is filled in the filtrate space, has increased the specific surface area of filtrate, and hole is diminished, and has improved the filtering accuracy of filtrate to a certain extent.
In the method for the formation coating of aforementioned use coating composition, with the weight percent concentration that accounts for weight percent 50～95% is that 30%～50% polytetrafluoroethylene aqueous dispersion, 0.1～1% whipping agent and 0.5～3% thickening material, 1～46% water add that uniform mixing is made into slurries in the agitator, slurries is transported to the mixing and emulsifying head of foaming machine by spiral pump; In the mixing and emulsifying head, import pressurized air, slurry is sheared foaming; Then foam delivery is arrived padding machine, by the to-and-fro movement of padding machine upper spray nozzle foam-coating is arrived the filtrate top layer, filtrate is sintering behind roll.
In the method for the formation coating of aforementioned use coating composition, use the rotating speed of 3000rpm～10000rpm that slurry is sheared foaming.
In aforesaid method, can control foaming effect by rotating speed, mixing and emulsifying head shearing frequency and the compressed gas flow of adjusting screw(rod) pump, and can be by the reciprocating speed of adjustment nozzle and the linear speed of pressure roller, the glue spread of control tetrafluoroethylene intumescent coating.Filtrate behind the roll is sent into baking oven carry out sintering, make polytetrafluorethylecoatings coatings, form even, firm, the fine and close polytetrafluorethylecoatings coatings of one deck on the top layer of filtrate securely attached to the filtrate top layer at 200 ℃～300 ℃.
Embodiment
Can further understand the present invention by the embodiment of the invention given below; following examples only are several specific embodiment of the present invention; but design concept of the present invention is not limited thereto; allly utilize this design that the present invention is carried out the change of unsubstantiality, all should belong to the behavior of invading protection domain of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
With the 500g weight percent concentration is that 50% anionic polytetrafluoroethylene aqueous dispersion, 10g benzalkonium chloride and 30g carboxymethyl cellulose and 460g water add that uniform mixing is made into slurries in the agitator, with the rotating speed of 40rpm slurries is transported to the mixing and emulsifying head of foaming machine by spiral pump; Input flow rate is the pressurized air of 600L/h in the mixing and emulsifying head, with the rotating speed of 3500rpm slurry is carried out the high speed shear foaming, and the mixing and emulsifying head uses water coolant to cool off; By pipeline foam delivery is arrived padding machine, the padding machine upper spray nozzle evenly is coated to the filtrate top layer with the speed to-and-fro movement of 3m/min with foam, and filtrate forms the layer of even polytetrafluorethylecoatings coatings on the filtrate top layer behind the speed roll of pressure roller with 4m/min; Filtrate behind the roll is sent into baking oven,, make polytetrafluorethylecoatings coatings, form even, firm, the fine and close polytetrafluorethylecoatings coatings of one deck securely attached to the filtrate top layer at 250 ℃ of high temperature sinterings.
Embodiment 2
With the 950g weight percent concentration is that 40% cationic tetrafluoroethylene aqueous dispersions, 10g Morpan BB, 30g methylcellulose gum and 10g water add that uniform mixing is made into slurries in the agitator, with the rotating speed of 20rpm slurries is transported to the mixing and emulsifying head of foaming machine by spiral pump; Input flow rate is the pressurized air of 600L/h in the mixing and emulsifying head, with the rotating speed of 3000rpm slurry is carried out the high speed shear foaming, and the mixing and emulsifying head uses water coolant to cool off; By pipeline foam delivery is arrived padding machine, the padding machine upper spray nozzle evenly is coated to the filtrate top layer with the speed to-and-fro movement of 3m/min with foam, and filtrate forms the layer of even polytetrafluorethylecoatings coatings on the filtrate top layer behind the speed roll of pressure roller with 4m/min; Filtrate behind the roll is sent into baking oven,, make polytetrafluorethylecoatings coatings, form even, firm, the fine and close polytetrafluorethylecoatings coatings of one deck securely attached to the filtrate top layer at 250 ℃ of high temperature sinterings.
Embodiment 3
With the 950g weight percent concentration is that 30% cationic tetrafluoroethylene aqueous dispersions, 1g Morpan BB, 5g methylcellulose gum and 44g water add that uniform mixing is made into slurries in the agitator, with the rotating speed of 30rpm slurries is transported to the mixing and emulsifying head of foaming machine by spiral pump; Input flow rate is the pressurized air of 600L/h in the mixing and emulsifying head, with the rotating speed of 10000rpm slurry is carried out the high speed shear foaming, and the mixing and emulsifying head uses water coolant to cool off; By pipeline foam delivery is arrived padding machine, the padding machine upper spray nozzle evenly is coated to the filtrate top layer with the speed to-and-fro movement of 3m/min with foam, and filtrate forms the layer of even polytetrafluorethylecoatings coatings on the filtrate top layer behind the speed roll of pressure roller with 4m/min; Filtrate behind the roll is sent into baking oven,, make polytetrafluorethylecoatings coatings, form even, firm, the fine and close polytetrafluorethylecoatings coatings of one deck securely attached to the filtrate top layer at 250 ℃ of high temperature sinterings.
Embodiment 4
With the 750g weight percent concentration is that 40% non-ionic type polytetrafluoroethylene aqueous dispersion, 5g Morpan BB, 15g methylcellulose gum and 230g water add that uniform mixing is made into slurries in the agitator, with the rotating speed of 30rpm slurries is transported to the mixing and emulsifying head of foaming machine by spiral pump; Input flow rate is the pressurized air of 600L/h in the mixing and emulsifying head, with the rotating speed of 8000rpm slurry is carried out the high speed shear foaming, and the mixing and emulsifying head uses water coolant to cool off; By pipeline foam delivery is arrived padding machine, the padding machine upper spray nozzle evenly is coated to the filtrate top layer with the speed to-and-fro movement of 3m/min with foam, and filtrate forms the layer of even polytetrafluorethylecoatings coatings on the filtrate top layer behind the speed roll of pressure roller with 4m/min; Filtrate behind the roll is sent into baking oven,, make polytetrafluorethylecoatings coatings, form even, firm, the fine and close polytetrafluorethylecoatings coatings of one deck securely attached to the filtrate top layer at 250 ℃ of high temperature sinterings.
The quality index of the filtrate of the intumescent coating composition that the present invention makes embodiment 1, embodiment 2, embodiment 3 and embodiment 4 is tested, and the result is as shown in table 1:
The detected result of table 1 coating composition
Claims (10)
1, is used to improve the coating composition of filter material surface, comprises that the weight percent concentration that accounts for weight percent 50 ~ 95% is 30% ~ 50% polytetrafluoroethylene aqueous dispersion, 0.1 ~ 1% whipping agent and 0.5～3% thickening material and 1 ~ 46% water.
2, improve the coating composition of filter material surface according to being used to described in the claim 1, it is characterized in that: polytetrafluoroethylene aqueous dispersion is a kind of in anionic polytetrafluoroethylene aqueous dispersion, cationic tetrafluoroethylene aqueous dispersions or the non-ionic type polytetrafluoroethylene aqueous dispersion.
3, improve the coating composition of filter material surface according to being used to described in the claim 2, it is characterized in that: whipping agent is a kind of in stearic acid, Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, sodium lauryl sulphate, polyoxyethylenated alcohol sodium sulfate, quaternary ammonium compound, benzalkonium chloride, Morpan BB or the rosined soap class whipping agent.
4, improve the coating composition of filter material surface according to being used to described in the claim 2, it is characterized in that: whipping agent is preferably benzalkonium chloride or Morpan BB.
5, according to the coating composition that is used to improve filter material surface described in claim 3 or 4, it is characterized in that: thickening material is a kind of in the plain derivative of starch, pectin, agar, gelatin, marine alga fat, carrageenin, dextrin, tragacanth gum, polysaccharide, methylcellulose gum, carboxymethyl cellulose, sodium polyacrylate, polyoxyethylene, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyvinyl alcohol, low-molecular polyethylene wax or the polyacrylamide.
6, according to the coating composition that is used to improve filter material surface described in claim 3 or 4, it is characterized in that: it is 4000 ~ 15000 methylcellulose gum or carboxymethyl cellulose that thickening material is preferably molecular weight.
7, improve the coating composition of filter material surface according to being used to described in the claim 6, it is characterized in that: the weight percent concentration that most preferably accounts for weight percent 75% is that 40% polytetrafluoroethylene aqueous dispersion, 0.5% benzalkonium chloride or Morpan BB, 1.5% molecular weight are 8000 ~ 10000 methylcellulose gum or carboxymethyl cellulose and 23% water composition.
8, a kind of method of using the formation coating of coating composition, may further comprise the steps: the weight percent concentration that will account for weight percent 50 ~ 95% is that 30% ~ 50% polytetrafluoroethylene aqueous dispersion, 0.1 ~ 1% whipping agent and 0.5 ~ 3% thickening material, 1 ~ 46% water uniform mixing are made into slurries, in slurries, import pressurized air, shear and foam; Foam is coated onto filtrate, high temperature sintering behind roll.
9, the method for the formation coating of the use coating composition described in according to Claim 8, it is characterized in that: the weight percent concentration that will account for weight percent 50 ~ 95% is that uniform mixing is made into slurries in 30% ~ 50% polytetrafluoroethylene aqueous dispersion, 0.1 ~ 1% whipping agent and 0.5 ~ 3% thickening material, 1 ~ 46% water adding agitator, slurries is transported to the mixing and emulsifying head of foaming machine by spiral pump; In the mixing and emulsifying head, import pressurized air, slurry is sheared foaming; Then foam delivery is arrived padding machine, by the to-and-fro movement of padding machine upper spray nozzle foam-coating is arrived the filtrate top layer, filtrate is sintering behind roll.
10, according to the method for the formation coating of the use coating composition described in the claim 9, it is characterized in that: use the rotating speed of 3000rpm～10000rpm that slurry is sheared foaming.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2008100714701A CN101397437B (en) | 2008-07-23 | 2008-07-23 | Coating composition for improving filter material surface and coating formation method thereby |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2008100714701A CN101397437B (en) | 2008-07-23 | 2008-07-23 | Coating composition for improving filter material surface and coating formation method thereby |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101397437A true CN101397437A (en) | 2009-04-01 |
| CN101397437B CN101397437B (en) | 2012-03-21 |
Family
ID=40516290
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2008100714701A Active CN101397437B (en) | 2008-07-23 | 2008-07-23 | Coating composition for improving filter material surface and coating formation method thereby |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN101397437B (en) |
Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101829453A (en) * | 2010-05-28 | 2010-09-15 | 浙江理工大学 | Preparation method of high-temperature-resistant filtering material with high filtering efficiency |
| CN102059027A (en) * | 2010-10-31 | 2011-05-18 | 房县诚信汽配有限责任公司 | Dust-free fiber deep filtration filter element |
| CN102268216A (en) * | 2010-06-07 | 2011-12-07 | 厦门三维丝环保股份有限公司 | Method for performing oil-proof water-repellent finish on filter material and coating composition applied to same |
| CN102872649A (en) * | 2011-07-15 | 2013-01-16 | 上海特安纶纤维有限公司 | Compound filter material for high-temperature flue gas bag-type dust removal system and preparation method of same |
| CN103521002A (en) * | 2013-10-28 | 2014-01-22 | 营口创世纪滤材有限公司 | Glass fiber filter material and preparation method therefor |
| CN104193251A (en) * | 2014-08-04 | 2014-12-10 | 马鞍山市中天新型建材有限公司 | Anticorrosive and antibacterial thermal insulation mortar and preparation method thereof |
| CN106515163A (en) * | 2016-10-27 | 2017-03-22 | 张峰 | Oxidation-resistant high-temperature-resistant polytetrafluoroethylene film covered filter material, and preparation method thereof |
| CN108690419A (en) * | 2018-05-10 | 2018-10-23 | 河北晨阳工贸集团有限公司 | A kind of filter core fire resisting water paint and its preparation and application |
| CN110938365A (en) * | 2018-09-25 | 2020-03-31 | 天津大学 | Waterborne polyurethane antibacterial coating and preparation method thereof |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1111076C (en) * | 1999-08-05 | 2003-06-11 | 东北大学 | Coated filter material and its preparing process |
| CN1132659C (en) * | 2000-03-17 | 2003-12-31 | 王珂伟 | Method for making high molecular filter material |
| CN100586538C (en) * | 2006-06-19 | 2010-02-03 | 江苏正大森源集团有限公司 | Polytetrafluoroethylene double-film composite filtering materials |
-
2008
- 2008-07-23 CN CN2008100714701A patent/CN101397437B/en active Active
Cited By (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101829453A (en) * | 2010-05-28 | 2010-09-15 | 浙江理工大学 | Preparation method of high-temperature-resistant filtering material with high filtering efficiency |
| CN102268216A (en) * | 2010-06-07 | 2011-12-07 | 厦门三维丝环保股份有限公司 | Method for performing oil-proof water-repellent finish on filter material and coating composition applied to same |
| CN102059027A (en) * | 2010-10-31 | 2011-05-18 | 房县诚信汽配有限责任公司 | Dust-free fiber deep filtration filter element |
| CN102872649A (en) * | 2011-07-15 | 2013-01-16 | 上海特安纶纤维有限公司 | Compound filter material for high-temperature flue gas bag-type dust removal system and preparation method of same |
| CN102872649B (en) * | 2011-07-15 | 2015-09-09 | 上海特安纶纤维有限公司 | Composite filtering material of a kind of high-temperature flue gas bag-type dust removing system and preparation method thereof |
| CN103521002A (en) * | 2013-10-28 | 2014-01-22 | 营口创世纪滤材有限公司 | Glass fiber filter material and preparation method therefor |
| CN103521002B (en) * | 2013-10-28 | 2016-04-27 | 营口创世纪滤材有限公司 | A kind of glass fiber filter material and preparation method thereof |
| CN104193251A (en) * | 2014-08-04 | 2014-12-10 | 马鞍山市中天新型建材有限公司 | Anticorrosive and antibacterial thermal insulation mortar and preparation method thereof |
| CN104193251B (en) * | 2014-08-04 | 2016-08-24 | 马鞍山科信网络科技有限公司 | A kind of anti-corrosive antibacterial thermal insulation mortar and preparation method thereof |
| CN106515163A (en) * | 2016-10-27 | 2017-03-22 | 张峰 | Oxidation-resistant high-temperature-resistant polytetrafluoroethylene film covered filter material, and preparation method thereof |
| CN108690419A (en) * | 2018-05-10 | 2018-10-23 | 河北晨阳工贸集团有限公司 | A kind of filter core fire resisting water paint and its preparation and application |
| CN110938365A (en) * | 2018-09-25 | 2020-03-31 | 天津大学 | Waterborne polyurethane antibacterial coating and preparation method thereof |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN101397437B (en) | 2012-03-21 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN101397437B (en) | Coating composition for improving filter material surface and coating formation method thereby | |
| CN102249708B (en) | Preparation method for anti-corrosion and flameproof integrated coating for thick-type steel structure | |
| CN109504137A (en) | A kind of high temperature resistant antiwear coating material and preparation method thereof for boiler water wall | |
| US10793763B2 (en) | Ultra-dry three-phase flue gas foam for oil-gas fields and preparation method thereof | |
| CN104310919B (en) | A kind of Wear-resisting terrace material and preparation method thereof | |
| CN107841702B (en) | A kind of powder cored filament material and the method for preparing anticorrosive erosion thermal spray metal coating | |
| CN105713487A (en) | Water-based epoxy anticorrosive paint and preparation method thereof | |
| CN105462675A (en) | Environment-friendly concentrated solution and preparation method thereof | |
| CN204159477U (en) | A kind of concentrated atomizer and Dey-Dose | |
| CN105714172A (en) | Corrosion-resistant grounding grid metal ceramic coating material and preparation device and method thereof | |
| CN104984881A (en) | Fluidized bed production system used for coating nylon flange and method | |
| CN107815632A (en) | Molten zinc-aluminum corrosion resistant coating material and preparation method thereof | |
| CN209180513U (en) | It is a kind of to keep the temperature durable gas pipeline | |
| CN101823863B (en) | Mortar for decorating external wall | |
| CN104628342A (en) | Building material with strong toughness and stabilization | |
| CN104448952A (en) | Preparation method of bentonite inorganic gel with photocatalysis activity | |
| CN208485977U (en) | A kind of equipment applied to handware plating | |
| CN107954660A (en) | A kind of method that Coal Mine Fire material is prepared using industrial solid castoff | |
| CN202326354U (en) | Super-strong wear-resisting and corrosion-resisting efficient desulfuration pump | |
| CN105503003A (en) | Cement grinding aid and preparation method thereof | |
| CN111804547A (en) | Anticorrosive wear-resisting graphite alkene coating pipe | |
| CN108101461B (en) | Wet-mixed masonry mortar | |
| CN106835111B (en) | A kind of steel wire clean manufacturing drawing coating and its preparation process | |
| CN100575551C (en) | A kind of chemical composite nickel-plating liquid | |
| CN206072562U (en) | A kind of high abrasion steel pipe |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CP01 | Change in the name or title of a patent holder |
Address after: 361000 No. 5 Xiang Ming Road, Torch Industrial Zone (Xiangan), Fujian, Xiamen Patentee after: Xiamen Zhongchuang Environmental Protection Technology Co.,Ltd. Address before: 361000 No. 5 Xiang Ming Road, Torch Industrial Zone (Xiangan), Fujian, Xiamen Patentee before: XIAMEN SAVINGS ENVIRONMENTAL Co.,Ltd. |
|
| CP01 | Change in the name or title of a patent holder |