CN101396600B - 一种水溶性生物降解型高尔夫球及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种水溶性生物降解型高尔夫球及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN101396600B CN101396600B CN2007101755511A CN200710175551A CN101396600B CN 101396600 B CN101396600 B CN 101396600B CN 2007101755511 A CN2007101755511 A CN 2007101755511A CN 200710175551 A CN200710175551 A CN 200710175551A CN 101396600 B CN101396600 B CN 101396600B
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- water soluble
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种水溶性生物降解型高尔夫球及其制备方法，尤其提供一种利用聚乙烯醇、填料、天然高分子材料和增塑剂等的混合物制成的，可溶于水且可自然生物降解的高尔夫球及其制备方法。本发明所提供的水溶性生物降解型高尔夫球可以具有空腔结构，当高尔夫球被击入水中以后，水会通过高尔夫球上的通孔进入空腔，增加水与球体的接触面积，加速球体的溶解，最终球体可在环境中完全生物降解。本高尔夫球尤其适用于逐渐兴起的水上高尔夫球运动，在为人们提供乐趣的同时，也可以避免对环境造成污染。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种水溶性生物降解型高尔夫球及其制备方法，尤其提供一种利用聚乙烯醇、填料、天然高分子材料和增塑剂等的混合物制成的，可溶于水且可自然生物降解的高尔夫球及其制备方法。
背景技术
高尔夫运动是一项深得世界体育爱好者喜爱，广泛普及的体育运动。一般高尔夫球的场地都是在陆地上，而如今一种水上高尔夫球运动也日益普及。这种水上高尔夫球运动的爱好者通常在游船、浮台、沙滩、水边将高尔夫球打入水中，从而体会在水上挥杆的乐趣。由于这项水上高尔夫运动是直接把高尔夫球打入水中，落入水中的高尔夫球难以进行回收。采用不具备水溶性和自然降解特性的传统材料(橡胶和合成树脂材料)制造的普通高尔夫球不能在水中溶解，击入水中，会在海洋、河流和湖泊等中形成白色污染；而且不能在自然环境中完全降解，会对海洋、河流和湖泊等环境造成危害，也会对其中的生物造成危害。因此，普通高尔夫球不适合应用于这种水上高尔夫球运动。
美国专利U.S.Pat.No.5098104中公开了一种水溶性高尔夫球，为一种由外壳(outer skin)和内核(inner core)组成的高尔夫球，其中外壳是通过将纸浆(paper pulp)、锯屑(sawdust)、棉绒(lint)、稻草(straw)、丝线(thread)、麻线(twine)、树叶(leaves)等碾磨(grind)，添加一定比例的水溶性聚合物(例如：白明胶(gelatin)、琼脂(agar)、经处理的海藻(processed seaweed)、无毒白胶(nontoxic white glue)等)组成混合料，通过压模(compression molding)或者静态浇注(static casting)制成的；内核是通过将碳酸氢钠(sodium bicarbonate)、柠檬酸钠(sodium citrate)、氯化钠(sodium chloride)、硅藻土(diatomaceous earth)或其他水溶性物质等混合成浆料，添加一定比例的水溶性聚合物，利用模具(die)加热加压制成的；得到外壳和内核后，利用夹具(jig)或其他方法将外壳和内核制成一个完整的高尔夫球。该专利中还记载内核中可以添加低碳钢钢末(low carbon steel buck shot)或优质钢钢屑(fine steel filings)等物质。该专利公开的这种高尔夫球为双层结构，通过水溶性粘结剂结合而成，在使用过程中容易出现撞击碎裂，而且其制造工艺以及结构都较为复杂。
美国专利U.S.Pat.No.5356149中公开了一种能够在水中溶解的高尔夫球，为包含环境安全性热硬化性粘结剂或填料(environmentally safe thermosetting adhesives or fillers)和水溶性热硬化性粘结剂(adhesive)的混合物通过注塑(injection mold)而成的高尔夫球。该专利是前述专利权人对自己在先专利的改进，其中所使用的水溶性填料为纸浆(paper pulp)、锯屑(sawdust)、棉绒(lint)、稻草(straw)、丝线(thread)、麻线(twine)、树叶(leaves)等，水溶性粘结剂为聚合物(polymers)、白明胶(gelatin)、葡萄糖(glucose)、果糖(fructose)、动物胶(animal glue)、丙三醇(glycerine)、琼脂(agar)、瓜耳树胶(guargum)以及其他类似的水溶性热硬化性粘结剂等。该专利记载，将水溶性填料碾磨，添加水溶性热硬化性粘结剂，然后加热加压使填料和粘结剂结合，然后将得到的混合浆料注入模具中制成实心水溶性高尔夫球。
上述二篇专利公开的高尔夫球所选用的水溶性粘结剂的水溶性，特别是在冷水中的水溶性能不佳，表现在所用原料虽然有良好的降解性，但其快速水溶性仍显不足，而且该高尔夫球都为实心结构，也导致在水中的溶解较慢，溶解时间较长；另一方面，上述二篇专利公开的高尔夫球受原料特点的限制，制造方法均采用将填料和粘结剂混合成浆料，然后浇铸或注入模具中固化制成实心水溶性高尔夫球，这种工艺方法生产效率低下，不便于大规模工业化生产。
发明内容
为解决上述问题，本发明的目的是提供一种降解型高尔夫球及其制备方法，该高尔夫球在水中具有良好的溶解性，同时又可以在自然环境中完全降解，不会对水环境造成污染和危害，并且该高尔夫球在使用性能上可接近普通高尔夫球，尤其适合于水上高尔夫球运动的使用。
本发明还提供了制备所述降解型高尔夫球的方法，通过科学合理的工艺一体成型制备出达到上述目的的高尔夫球产品。
为达到上述目的，本发明提供了一种降解型高尔夫球，该高尔夫球采用以下原料加工而成：
聚乙烯醇树脂 5-80wt.％
填料 0-90wt.％
天然高分子材料 0-60wt.％
增塑剂 5-50wt.％。
与前面介绍的水溶性高尔夫球不同，本发明采用具有良好水溶性和生物降解性的聚乙烯醇树脂(PVA树脂)为主要原料，并配合适当的加工助剂和填料，得到的球体在具有适于击打的硬度、强度和弹性的同时，被打入水中后可以较快地溶解，最终实现完全降解。
根据本发明的优选实施方案，适于作为加工原料的聚乙烯醇树脂至少包括一种醇解度为70mol％-89mol％的聚乙烯醇树脂原料；更优选至少包括一种醇解度为80mol％-89mol％聚乙烯醇树脂原料。可以选择一种规格的聚乙烯醇树脂，也可以选择使用一种以上不同醇解度的PVA树脂的组合。
根据本发明的具体实施方案，最好采用聚合度大于300的PVA树脂，更好满足高尔夫球的强度和硬度要求。优选地，所述聚乙烯醇树脂的聚合度为300-3000中的一种或一种以上的PVA树脂混合物。
本发明所使用的PVA树脂(A)的含量，可根据该降解型高尔夫球所要达到的强度、硬度和重量等来调整，优选PVA树脂(A)占混合物总重量的比例为约5％-80％，综合考虑，更优选的为约15％-50％。
本发明的高尔夫球原料中还可包括适量的常规填料和加工助剂，这些填料和助剂的选择及含量确定可通过综合加工成本和对高尔夫球的性能保证而确定。其中：
填料(B)的添加可降低本发明中高尔夫球的制造成本，也可以调整高尔夫球的强度、硬度和重量。填料(B)占原料总重量的比例为约0-90％，优选为约30％-75％。填料含量过大，会造成高尔夫球加工困难，水溶速度下降。可选择本领域常用的加工填料，例如：聚乙烯蜡、二氧化硅、滑石粉、高岭土、黏土、膨润土、云母、硫化锌、碳酸钡、硫酸钙、硫酸钡、碳酸钙、碳酸镁、氢氧化镁、微晶高岭石、硫酸钠、硫酸钾、硫酸锌、硫酸镁、硝酸钠、硝酸钾、硝酸铝、氯化铵、氯化钠、氯化钾、氯化镁、氯化钙、硬脂酸钙、二氧化钛、立德粉、硬脂酰胺或硬脂酸等中的一种或一种以上的混合物。
本发明的降解型高尔夫球原料中还可以包括适当的天然高分子材料(C)，该原料的添加不仅可作为填料降低高尔夫球的制造成本，还利于提高高尔夫球的自然生物降解速度。所述天然高分子材料(C)可为原料总重量的约0-60％，优选为约0-30％，该天然高分子材料(C)的含量过大，会造成高尔夫球加工困难，强度和硬度等下降，使高尔夫球易被击碎。本发明中添加的天然高分子材料(C)的选择可以举例为：纤维素、木质素、淀粉、甲壳素和壳聚糖、多糖改性物[如：魔芋物质(amorphophallus konjac)]等材料中的一种或一种以上的混合物。
本发明所使用的增塑剂(D)可以为常规的增塑剂，例如：甘油、双甘油、聚乙二醇、聚丙二醇、三羟甲基丙烷、水和山梨糖醇等中的一种或一种以上的混合物。增塑剂(D)的含量占混合物总重量的比例为约5％-50％，优选为约15％-40％。增塑剂(D)含量过小时增塑效果差，会造成高尔夫球加工困难，增塑剂(D)含量过大时，增塑剂容易随着时间增长逐渐从高尔夫球的表面渗出。
本发明的高尔夫球在外观上可以与普通高尔夫球相同，球体表面形成有凹点。在尽可能满足本发明的高尔夫球能与普通高尔夫球相比基本相当的使用效果的同时，为利于高尔夫球被打入水中后能尽快溶解，优选地，本发明的高尔夫球为具有空腔的球体，该球体重量为40-60克，球体直径为43-46mm，空腔在球体内的设置可以有偏差，但球体的最小壁厚应不小于3mm，且该球体表面至少设有一个连通至该空腔的通孔，通孔的孔径可以为1-4mm，从利于快速水溶方面考虑，通孔可以有一个以上(例如一个以上的通孔成对称设置)。
本发明上述具有空腔的高尔夫球被打入水后，水流在冲击球体的同时会通过表面的通孔进入空腔内，加大了球体与水的接触面积，利于加速球体的溶解。
本发明还提供了制备上述降解型高尔夫球的方法，其包括将原料混合后挤塑并吹塑成型的过程，也可以采用任何常规方法。
在本发明的具体实施方案中，该制备方法包括如下步骤：
步骤一：将原料搅拌共混成混合料；
步骤二：将步骤一得到的混合料进行混炼，得到混炼料；
步骤三：将步骤一得到的混合料或步骤二得到的混炼料利用挤出机进行挤塑，并制成坯料；
步骤四：将步骤三得到的坯料吹塑成球体。
其中，共混温度和混炼温度均应控制在100℃以下，共混时间为15-90分钟，混炼时间为10-90分钟。
实际生产中，可采用单螺杆或双螺杆挤出机对所述混合料或混炼料进行挤出，并通过管材成型模具使挤出料为空心管状坯料，挤出机从下料口到出料机头成型模具的温度区间依次控制为50-100℃、90-150℃、90-180℃、90-180℃、90-180℃、50-150℃。
本发明的降解型高尔夫球可以用于水上高尔夫球运动。由于球体是一体成型，具有较大的硬度、强度，在击打时不会被轻易击碎。该高尔夫球的主要原料是水溶性聚乙烯醇，在水中具有良好的溶解性，而且在自然环境中可完全生物降解，不会在海洋、河流和湖泊中形成白色垃圾污染，对环境造成危害。另外，本发明的水溶性生物降解型高尔夫球所使用的材料均为无毒性、无污染性的材料，不会对海洋、河流和湖泊中的生物和植物造成危害。尤其是该球体还可以具有空腔结构，当这种高尔夫球被击入水中之后，水会通过球体表面的通孔进入球体内部，从而增加了高尔夫球与水接触的面积，加速高尔夫球在水中的溶解。
根据本发明的水溶性生物降解型高尔夫球的制备方法，也可利用上述步骤一得到的混合料或步骤二得到的混炼料，采用公知的注塑成型方法生产出实心的水溶性生物降解型高尔夫球。
本发明的高尔夫球被击入水中后，可以观察到球体表层开始溶解，随着溶解进程球体出现裂痕，并开始碎裂，最终完全溶解(球体的碎块由于溶解而变得非常小，基本不能轻易观察到)。
利用本发明的高尔夫球进行水溶性实验，结果显示：球放入水中之后1小时内，球体表面变软，开始溶解并出现细小裂痕；24小时内，裂痕增多、变长、加深，球体的溶解比较明显；48小时内，球体逐渐开裂，有大量小块从球体上脱落；72小时后，球体基本裂开，不再保持完整的球形，球体的溶解加快；最终完全溶解。
综上可知，本发明提供的具有良好水溶性并且可完全生物降解的高尔夫球具有以下特点：1)球体能在水中较快溶解，没有危害环境的不溶性杂质，不会在海洋、河流和湖泊中形成白色垃圾污染；2)球体最终能够在自然环境中完全降解，不会对海洋、河流和湖泊等环境造成危害；3)全部原料均无毒性、无污染性，不会对海洋、河流以及湖泊中的生物造成危害；4)球体在强度、硬度和弹性等方面适合于开展高尔夫球运动；5)球体可为空心结构，表面设有通孔，与球体内部空腔连通，有利于提高球体溶解降解速度；6)本发明的高尔夫球的制备方法简单易行，便于进行大规模工业化生产。
附图说明
图1为本发明提供的水溶性生物降解型高尔夫球的外形示意图。
图2为本发明的水溶性生物降解型高尔夫球的另一个实施例的外形示意图，球面具有通孔1b。
图3为图2所示高尔夫球的A-A向剖面示意图。
具体图示说明：
10球体 1a空腔 1b通孔
具体实施方式
以下通过具体实施例详细说明本发明的实施方案和所带来的有益效果，旨在帮助阅读者更好地理解本发明的精神实质，但不能理解为对本发明实施范围的任何限定。
以下各实施例的水溶性生物降解型高尔夫球按照以下步骤制备而成：
步骤一：将确定配比的PVA树脂(A)、填料(B)、天然高分子材料(C)和增塑剂(D)等添加到混合机中，控制100℃以下的温度中搅拌共混约15-90分钟，得到混合料。
步骤二：将步骤一得到的混合料添加到双辊炼塑机中再进行混炼，混炼温度控制在100℃以下，混炼时间为约10-90分钟，得到混炼料。
步骤三：将步骤一得到的混合料或步骤二得到的混炼料添加到单螺杆挤出机或双螺杆挤出机中进行挤塑，通过管材成型模具制成圆筒状管坯料，挤塑过程中从下料口到出料机头成型模具的温度区间依次控制为50-100℃、90-150℃、90-180℃、90-180℃、90-180℃、50-150℃。
步骤四：将步骤三得到的一定长度的圆筒状管坯料放置于高尔夫成形模具中吹塑成球状，所制成的高尔夫球的球面分布有凹点，类似于常规的高尔夫球，如图1所示。
以上过程得到的球体如图2和图3所示，球体10可以具有普通高尔夫球的外观，球体直径为d，球面具有至少一个通孔1b，该球体内具有空腔1a，空腔1a通过通孔1b连通到球面。当该球体10被击打入水后，水会通过通孔1b逐渐进入空腔1a中，增大了球体10与水的接触面积，利于加速球体10的溶解。图3中所示为本发明所提供的高尔夫球的示意图，其中在制备过程中，空腔的形状或位置可能会因加工过程的控制出现不同，所以本发明对球内空腔的形状和位置没有严格限制，但该球体的最小壁厚应不小于3mm。
步骤三中，可利用上述步骤一得到的混合料或步骤二得到的混炼料，通过注塑机采用公知的注塑成型方法生产出实心球状体的高尔夫球，外观可如图1所示，该球体直径为d。
以下实施例中所使用的PVA树脂为日本NIPPON GOHSEI公司生产的GOHSENOL系列产品中的GM-14(醇解度为86.5mol％-89.0mol％；聚合度为1500-2000)、GL-05(醇解度为86.5mol％-89.0mol％；聚合度为300-700)GH-20(醇解度为86.5mol％-89.0mol％；聚合度为2000-2500)；日本JAPANVAM&POVAL公司生产的JL-18E(醇解度为83.0-86.0mol％；聚合度为1500-2000)。各实施例中的原料均为重量百分比(以制备高尔夫球的混合物的总重量为基准)，并按照上述制备方法制成本发明的水溶性生物降解型高尔夫球。该高尔夫球的规格与普通高尔夫球基本相同，即，球体的总重量40-60克，直径d为43-46mm；当该球体10具有图3所示空腔结构时，球面上开设的与空腔相通的通孔1b孔径约2mm。
实施例1
原料及配比：PVA(GM-14)18％，硫酸钡45％，二氧化钛2％，甘油20％，水15％。
实施例2
原料及配比：PVA(JL-18E)24％，淀粉10％，氢氧化镁30％，二氧化钛1％，硫酸钡12％，山梨糖醇2％，水21％。
实施例3
原料及配比：PVA(GM-14)14％，PVA(GL-05)9％，滑石粉55％，山梨糖醇2％，水20％。
实施例4
原料及配比：PVA(GM-14)30％，淀粉45％，聚乙二醇3％，水22％。
实施例5
原料及配比：PVA(GH-20)45％，硫酸钡30％，聚乙二醇4％，水21％。
水溶性生物降解型高尔夫球水溶性试验
在气温30℃，相对湿度65％的环境中，将取以上实施例制成的本发明水溶性生物降解型高尔夫球(具有空腔结构)放入流动的水中，随机确定三个，观察球体的变化。
试验例1
球体规格：直径44mm，重量51克
试验记录：
1小时，球体表面形成一层白色的PVA浆状物，出现软化，显示球开始溶解，并且看到有水从通孔进入球体内；
2小时，球体的表层出现更多裂痕，球体表层开始出现细小的片状脱落物，球体孔洞周围溶解明显，通孔孔径变大；
4小时，球体表层脱落严重，球体的表面溶解现象明显；
20小时，球体表层形成一层较蓬松的絮状物，球体外表面的凹点结构变得不清晰，球体表层有较明显的软化，球体表面出现较大的裂痕；
40小时，球体表面的裂痕继续扩大，球体的表层溶解并脱落，球体的壁薄处出现裂口；
46小时，球体通孔至结合处出现一条长6厘米、宽5毫米、深约1厘米的裂口，球体表层出现较大的片状脱落，更多的水进入球心空腔；
60小时，球体内侧出现长约4厘米、宽2毫米的裂口，球面的裂口扩大到8毫米宽；
72小时，球面通孔部位的裂口扩展到1.5厘米宽，并且在通孔的周围出现多个裂口，球体正面与背面贯通，球体最终完全碎裂。
试验例2
球体规格：直径44mm，重量45g
试验记录：
1小时，球体表面凹点逐渐模糊，出现一层薄薄的裂纹(类似脱皮)，出现溶解现象，球表面手感较软；
15小时，球表面出现几条长约2厘米的裂痕，球体通孔孔径变大，球慢慢变形；
26小时，球表面出现2个长约10毫米的裂口，随着时间的推移，球的裂口变多，变大，球明显变形；
40小时，球体开始有小块脱落，球体破裂越来越严重；
50小时，球完全破裂成两个半球，其它地方裂口也增多，变大，脱落的小块也逐渐增多；
72小时，球已完全破碎成大小不同约12个小块，近于完全破碎，并且碎块逐渐缩小。
试验例3
球体规格：直径44mm，重量45g
试验记录：
1小时，球表面的凹点逐渐模糊，出现一层薄薄的裂纹(类似脱皮)，表面有溶解现象；
10小时，球体通孔周围出现2条较浅的裂痕；
24小时，球面出现多条裂痕，球体通孔孔径变大，球体变形，球面的裂痕慢慢增多，变长，加深；
40小时，球体多处出现裂痕，裂痕变长，加深，其中通孔处和对侧裂口都较大，已穿透，球体已经严重变形；
45小时，球体上开始有小块脱落；
60小时，球体已经破裂得越来越严重；
72小时，球已经破裂成两半，其它处也出现较大裂口。
Claims (12)
1.一种水溶性生物降解型高尔夫球，该高尔夫球是采用以下原料加工而成，所有原料的含量之和为100wt％：
聚乙烯醇树脂 5-80wt.％
填料 30-75wt.％
天然高分子材料 0-60wt.％
增塑剂 5-50wt.％；
其中，所述填料为：聚乙烯蜡、二氧化硅、滑石粉、高岭土、黏土、膨润土、云母粉、硫化锌、碳酸钡、硫酸钙、硫酸钡、碳酸钙、碳酸镁、氢氧化镁、微晶高岭石、硫酸钠、硫酸钾、硫酸锌、硫酸镁、硝酸钠、硝酸钾、硝酸铝、氯化铵、氯化钠、氯化钾、氯化镁、氯化钙、硬脂酸钙、二氧化钛、立德粉、硬脂酰胺或硬脂酸中的一种或一种以上的混合物；所述天然高分子材料为：纤维素、木质素、甲壳素和壳聚糖、多糖改性物中的一种或一种以上的混合物；所述增塑剂为甘油、双甘油、聚乙二醇、聚丙二醇、三羟甲基丙烷、水或山梨糖醇中的一种或一种以上的混合物。
2.如权利要求1所述的水溶性生物降解型高尔夫球，其中，所述聚乙烯醇树脂包括醇解度为70mol％-89mol％的聚乙烯醇树脂原料中的一种或一种以上的混合物。
3.如权利要求2所述的水溶性生物降解型高尔夫球，其中，所述聚乙烯醇树脂包括醇解度为80mol％-89mol％的聚乙烯醇树脂原料中的一种或一种以上的混合物。
4.如权利要求1所述的水溶性生物降解型高尔夫球，其中，所述聚乙烯醇树脂为聚合度300-3000的聚乙烯醇树脂原料中的一种或一种以上的混合物。
5.如权利要求1或2所述的水溶性生物降解型高尔夫球，其中，聚乙烯醇树脂在所述原料中的含量为15-50wt.％。
6.如权利要求1所述的水溶性生物降解型高尔夫球，其中，天然高分子材料在所述原料中的含量为0-30wt.％。
7.如权利要求1所述的水溶性生物降解型高尔夫球，其中，增塑剂在所述原料中的含量为15-40wt.％。
8.如权利要求1所述的水溶性生物降解型高尔夫球，其为内部有空腔的球体，其中，球体重量为40-60克，球体直径为43-46mm，且该球体表面至少设有一个连通至该空腔的通孔。
9.制备权利要求1-8任一项所述的水溶性生物降解型高尔夫球的方法，其包括将原料混合后挤塑并吹塑成型的过程。
10.如权利要求9所述的制备方法，其包括如下步骤：
步骤一：将原料搅拌共混成混合料；
步骤二：将步骤一得到的混合料进行混炼，得到混炼料；
步骤三：将步骤一得到的混合料或步骤二得到的混炼料利用挤出机进行挤塑，并制成坯料；
步骤四：将步骤三得到的坯料吹塑成球体。
11.如权利要求10所述的制备方法，其中，共混温度和混炼温度均控制在100℃以下，共混时间为15-90分钟，混炼时间为10-90分钟。
12.如权利要求10所述的制备方法，其中，采用单螺杆或双螺杆挤出机对所述混合料或混炼料进行挤出，并通过管材成型模具使挤出料为空心管状坯料，挤出机从下料口到出料机头成型模具的温度区间依次控制为50-100℃、90-150℃、90-180℃、90-180℃、90-180℃、50-150℃，将该空心管状坯料吹塑制成具有空腔的球体。
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| US20140011610A1 (en) * | 2011-03-24 | 2014-01-09 | Alexander G. Caddell | Biodegradable materials and methods of making the same |
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| USD823956S1 (en) * | 2017-05-19 | 2018-07-24 | Nexen Corporation | Golf ball |
| CN108285602A (zh) * | 2018-02-06 | 2018-07-17 | 吴江市远大聚合材料贸易有限公司 | 废弃物可填埋且与土壤友好的复合材料及其制备方法和应用 |
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- 2008-09-22 EP EP08800940A patent/EP2226356B1/en active Active
- 2008-09-22 WO PCT/CN2008/072446 patent/WO2009046657A1/zh active Application Filing
- 2008-09-22 US US12/734,386 patent/US20100248861A1/en not_active Abandoned
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2182571A (en) * | 1985-11-12 | 1987-05-20 | Nippon Oil Co Ltd | Golf ball cores |
| JP2000157654A (ja) * | 1998-11-25 | 2000-06-13 | Shunki Chin | 自然に分解するゴルフボール用のティーとその製造方法 |
| WO2000057961A1 (en) * | 1999-03-29 | 2000-10-05 | Spalding Sports Worldwide, Inc. | Golf ball with multiple shell layers |
| JP2002371201A (ja) * | 2001-04-13 | 2002-12-26 | Mitsui Chemicals Inc | 生分解性樹脂組成物 |
| DE202004012042U1 (de) * | 2004-08-02 | 2004-10-07 | Pointner, Josef Anton | Biologisch abbaubarer Golfball |
| JP2006247224A (ja) * | 2005-03-14 | 2006-09-21 | Bridgestone Sports Co Ltd | ゴルフボール |
| CN1935883A (zh) * | 2005-09-21 | 2007-03-28 | 李小鲁 | 水溶性可生物降解材料及其制备方法以及膜制品 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2009046657A1 (fr) | 2009-04-16 |
| US20100248861A1 (en) | 2010-09-30 |
| EP2226356A4 (en) | 2011-01-12 |
| EP2226356A1 (en) | 2010-09-08 |
| CN101396600A (zh) | 2009-04-01 |
| EP2226356B1 (en) | 2013-01-09 |
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