CN101395983A - Cotton seeds processing technique - Google Patents
Cotton seeds processing technique Download PDFInfo
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- CN101395983A CN101395983A CNA2007101641084A CN200710164108A CN101395983A CN 101395983 A CN101395983 A CN 101395983A CN A2007101641084 A CNA2007101641084 A CN A2007101641084A CN 200710164108 A CN200710164108 A CN 200710164108A CN 101395983 A CN101395983 A CN 101395983A
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- cotton seeds
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- cottonseed
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Abstract
The invention discloses a processing technique for cotton seeds, pertaining to the technical filed of seed preparation before planting. Currently, an acid treatment technology is adopted to remove the residual velvet of the cotton seeds, and in order to protect the seeds against damage, strict control can be carried out on the concentration of the acid and the charing temperature of the residual velvet, as the sprouting rate and appearance of the cotton seeds can be affected due to any negligence. Therefore, the invention adds a water spray cleaning device and the working procedures thereof on the basis of the original processing technique. At the same time, the concentration of sulphuric acid in acid treatment solution is increased to 7.0-10.0 percent and the content of a foaming agent and an activating agent is reduced, wherein, the total content of the foaming agent and the activating agent is below 0.35 percent. The invention has the advantages of no residual acid, no residual velvet, lower cost, higher sprouting rate, less damage to the cotton seeds, higher safety and reliability, and glabrous appearance of the cotton seeds.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the plant cultivation field, especially the seed preparatory technology before the plantation.
Background technology
After cottonseed separates from cotton, also be attached with many remaining velveteens on the cottonseed surface, during planting with sowing machine, because the velveteen on cottonseed surface twines mutually, hindered seed and successfully from sower, spread out, seriously influenced mechanical planting, for this reason prior to seeding, must process cottonseed, remaining velveteen is thoroughly peeled off from the cottonseed surface.Technology commonly used at present is with dilute sulfuric acid or foamed acid processing technology.That is: sulfuric acid solution stirs cottonseed, drying tube oven dry back is with the friction cylinder cottonseed that rubs, and obtains any surface finish then, is suitable for the cotton seeds of mechanical planting.Generally when selecting acid solution adopt following two kinds of technologies: 1. dilute sulfuric acid technology, H
2SO
415-17% uses excessive acid solution to spray stirring, makes in mao seed short time to soak in acid solution, stirs, and the unnecessary acid solution of elimination is sloughed velveteen by high temperature cabonization then.This technology is simple and easy to operate, but causes the seed breakage easily, and residual acid is higher, generally about 0.2%, surpasses GB.2. foamed acid technology adds blowing agent, activator in sulfuric acid concentration 6.0-7.0% solution, and acid solution is being covered on velveteen with the form of foam, and under activator was urged the effect of oozing, at high temperature, acid solution carbonization velveteen was through the friction lint.Because strict control is with sour, little to the percentage of seedgermination influence that knife wound and crackle are arranged, the seed breakage is low, processing cost is low, shortcoming is that this technology is strict, and the process technology standard is difficult to grasp, and has residual suede to exist, residual acid is wayward, influences the seed presentation quality.In sum: the usefulness acid concentration and the residual suede of two kinds of technologies are inversely proportional to, and are directly proportional with residual acid, and the two is difficult to unification in production practices, cause seed quality to can not get guaranteeing.
Cotton seeds quality index before and after the lint is as follows:
1, the index of hair seed before foamed acid (dilute sulfuric acid) lint:
Cleanliness〉97%, good seed rate〉75%, seed-breaking rate≤5%, short fiber content≤12%, moisture＜12%, germination rate 〉=70%.
2, the index of light seed after foamed acid (dilute sulfuric acid) lint:
Residual hair rate≤0.5%, residual sour rate＜0.15%, cleanliness 〉=99%, moisture≤12%, germination rate 〉=80%, breakage rate (containing chemical damage)＜5%.
3, the quality index of dressing cotton seed:
Germination rate 〉=80%, moisture≤12%, seed-breaking rate＜5%, dressing qualification rate 〉=90% is planted clothing firmness 〉=99.65%.
Above-mentioned prior art, no matter foamed acid or dilute sulfuric acid technology, concentration consumption, oven dry carburizing temperature to sulfuric acid require all than higher, slightly carelessness, residual acid and residual suede are exceeded standard, influence the outward appearance and the germination rate of seed, use in the ammoniacal liquor at present and residual acid, but can influence germination rate, and can't guarantee seed quality and seed medicine dressing.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide that a kind of specification requirement is low, operation is simple, safe and reliable cotton seeds processing technology.Use this processing technology can reduce residual sour rate and residual hair rate significantly, the purpose that reach the raising percentage of seedgermination, reduce breakage, the seed outward appearance is bright and clean, reduces production costs.
The technical scheme that realizes the foregoing invention purpose is:
Cotton seeds processing technology (dilute sulfuric acid technology or foamed acid technology), comprise successively cottonseed metering, preparating acid treatment fluid (dilute sulfuric acid or foamed acid), acid solution processing, oven dry, friction treatment, seed selection, packing warehouse-in, and increase water sprays operation before the seed engaging friction is handled, at room temperature the water spray is 2-3 minute, the oven dry that rubs is again handled, and plants temperature control at 40-45 ℃.Another kind of technology be earlier to seed dry with friction treatment after, increase water spray operation, handle by the oven dry that rubs again behind the water spray.
Pickling agent of the present invention is formed, and foamed acid solution is: H
2SO
47.0-10.0%, blowing agent 0.20%, activator 0.10-0.15%; Dilution heat of sulfuric acid is H
2SO
415.0-20.0%.
The present invention has increased H in right amount in order to have removed the residual acid on the cotton seeds effectively
2SO
4Concentration, the dynamics of increasing lint.And the residual acid of light seed epidermis is cleaned and can effectively be removed by water.
The present invention has following beneficial effect:
1, because in technology, increase water spray operation, can clean the residual acid of the surface of the seed rapidly, after hair seed process high temperature carbonization (250-300 ℃), oven dry, the friction treatment, residual acid is reduced to below 0.05%, residual hair rate is reduced to 0.02%, can directly carry out seed pelleting, help mechanical planting.
2, the acid concentration in the pickling agent is increased to 7.0-10.0% by original 6.0-7.0%, has increased the acid concentration of 1.0-3.0%, and the consumption of blowing agent and activator drops to below 0.3% from 0.7%.Increased the water matting in addition, water consumption has increased by 200-300kg/ ton light seed, adds power consumption, calculates by relevant cost, and cost has reduced by 20 yuan/ton.
3, the specification requirement of complex acid is low, easy and simple to handle, has improved reliability and safety.
4, the conventional processing of germination rate improves 2-5%, breakage rate reduces by 5%.
Description of drawings:
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of the cotton seeds processing technology of foamed acid for pickling agent of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the flow chart of the cotton seeds processing technology of dilute sulfuric acid for pickling agent of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the cotton seeds processing process figure of the dilute sulfuric acid of pickling agent of the present invention.
Embodiment:
Embodiment 1 (foamed acid technology)
1, the cottonseed to need processing measures;
2, preparating acid treatment fluid, solution composition is:
Rare H
2SO
4Concentration is 7.0%, blowing agent 0.20%, activator 0.10%;
3, cottonseed and pickling agent are evenly imported in the tank diameter by metering, stirred 8 minutes, cottonseed fine hair all soaks into is advisable;
4, will be through in the acid-treated cottonseed input oven dry tube, 250 ℃ of oven dry half an hour, residual suede promptly becomes the light seed after by charing;
5, the light seed that will dry is put into the spray agitator and is cleaned, and sprays 2 minutes with clear water, and the light seed is stirred drip washing at short notice, and unnecessary water flows away through the bottom leaking hole;
The light seed that 6, will clean is transported in the friction cylinder and dries the half an hour of rubbing, and light seed temperature keeps 40 ℃, and the light seed is dried;
7, Hong Gan light seed is through selection by winnowing and gravity preparation, with the registered seed metering of selecting, packing warehouse-in.
Embodiment 2 (foamed acid technology)
1, the cottonseed to need processing measures;
2, preparating acid treatment fluid, solution composition is:
H
2SO
410.0%, blowing agent 0.20%, activator 0.15%;
3, cottonseed and pickling agent are evenly imported in the tank diameter by metering, stirred 8 minutes, cottonseed fine hair all soaks into is advisable;
4, will be through in the acid-treated cottonseed input oven dry tube, 300 ℃ of oven dry half an hour, the residual suede on the cottonseed is the light seed after by charing;
5, the light seed that will dry is put into friction cylinder and is rubbed half an hour;
6, cottonseed is put into the spray electromagnetic shaker and cleaned, sprayed 3 minutes with clear water, by drip washing, unnecessary water flowed away through the bottom leaking hole under the light seed shook at short notice;
The light seed that 7, will clean is put into the friction cylinder oven dry and is rubbed half an hour, and light seed temperature keeps 45 ℃, and the light seed is dried;
8, Hong Gan light seed is through selection by winnowing and gravity preparation, with the registered seed metering of selecting, packing warehouse-in.
Embodiment 3 (dilute sulfuric acid technology)
1, the cottonseed to need processing measures;
2, preparating acid treatment fluid, sulfuric acid in solution is: 15%;
3, cotton seed and pickling agent are poured in the tank diameter, seed fine hair all soaks into is advisable, and stirs 8 minutes;
4, the hair seed after soaking into by centrifuge will be unnecessary the acid solution removal.
5, will put into oven dry tube through acid-treated cottonseed, 250 ℃ of oven dry half an hour, the residual suede on the cottonseed is the light seed after by charing;
6, the light seed is put into the spray electromagnetic shaker and cleaned, sprayed 2 minutes with clear water, by drip washing, unnecessary water flows away through the bottom leaking hole light seed in vibrations or under stirring;
The light seed that 7, will clean is put into the friction cylinder oven dry and is rubbed half an hour, and the cottonseed temperature keeps 40 ℃, and the light seed is dried;
8, Hong Gan light seed is through selection by winnowing and gravity preparation, with the registered seed metering of selecting, packing warehouse-in.
Embodiment 4 (dilute sulfuric acid technology)
1, the cottonseed to need processing measures;
2, preparating acid treatment fluid, sulfuric acid in solution is: 20%;
3, cotton seed and pickling agent are poured in the tank diameter, seed fine hair all soaks into is advisable, and stirs 8 minutes;
4, the hair seed after soaking into by centrifuge will be unnecessary the acid solution removal.
5, will put into oven dry tube through acid-treated cottonseed, 300 ℃ of oven dry half an hour, the residual suede on the cottonseed is the light seed after by charing;
6, the light seed is put into the spray electromagnetic shaker and cleaned, sprayed 3 minutes with clear water, by drip washing, unnecessary water flows away through the bottom leaking hole light seed in vibrations or under stirring;
The light seed that 7, will clean is put into the friction cylinder oven dry and is rubbed half an hour, and the cottonseed temperature keeps 45 ℃, and the light seed is dried;
8, Hong Gan light seed is through selection by winnowing and gravity preparation, with the registered seed metering of selecting, packing warehouse-in.
Claims (3)
1, a kind of cotton seeds processing technology, comprise successively cottonseed is measured, the preparating acid treatment fluid, pickling agent is dilute sulfuric acid or foamed acid, stir acid treatment, oven dry, friction treatment, seed selection, it is characterized by increases water spray operation before or after friction treatment, at room temperature sprayed 2-3 minute, friction oven dry behind the water spray was handled 30 minutes, and the seed temperature is controlled at 40-45 ℃.
2, cotton seeds processing technology according to claim 1 is characterized by the foamed acid pickling agent and consists of: H
2SO
47.0-10.0%, blowing agent 0.20%, activator 0.10-0.15%.
3, cotton seeds processing technology according to claim 1 is characterized by dilute sulfuric acid pickling agent concentration and is: H
2S0
415.0-20.0%.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNA2007101641084A CN101395983A (en) | 2007-09-30 | 2007-09-30 | Cotton seeds processing technique |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNA2007101641084A CN101395983A (en) | 2007-09-30 | 2007-09-30 | Cotton seeds processing technique |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101395983A true CN101395983A (en) | 2009-04-01 |
Family
ID=40515040
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|---|---|---|---|
| CNA2007101641084A Pending CN101395983A (en) | 2007-09-30 | 2007-09-30 | Cotton seeds processing technique |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103314673A (en) * | 2013-06-04 | 2013-09-25 | 新疆生产建设兵团第十三师农业科学研究所 | Method of processing cotton seeds |
| CN103947327A (en) * | 2014-04-22 | 2014-07-30 | 王进 | Method for breaking hardness of licorice seeds by using foamed acid |
| CN104663069A (en) * | 2015-02-13 | 2015-06-03 | 安徽荃银高科种业股份有限公司 | Cottonseed processing method for reducing damage and increasing seed germination percentage |
| CN105439770A (en) * | 2015-12-21 | 2016-03-30 | 济南飞天农业科技有限公司 | Method for producing organic fertilizer by utilizing corn straw |
| CN106105492A (en) * | 2016-06-24 | 2016-11-16 | 山东棉花研究中心 | A kind of high-efficiency cotton flower seed coating method |
| CN107046858A (en) * | 2017-05-05 | 2017-08-18 | 东至县鸿棉工贸有限责任公司 | A kind of cotton seeds lint acid solution and preparation method thereof |
| CN114946315A (en) * | 2022-05-18 | 2022-08-30 | 李涛 | Preparation method of tomato artificial seeds |
-
2007
- 2007-09-30 CN CNA2007101641084A patent/CN101395983A/en active Pending
Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103314673A (en) * | 2013-06-04 | 2013-09-25 | 新疆生产建设兵团第十三师农业科学研究所 | Method of processing cotton seeds |
| CN103947327A (en) * | 2014-04-22 | 2014-07-30 | 王进 | Method for breaking hardness of licorice seeds by using foamed acid |
| CN103947327B (en) * | 2014-04-22 | 2015-10-21 | 王进 | The strong method of Glycyrrhiza Seeds abolished by a kind of foamed acid |
| CN104663069A (en) * | 2015-02-13 | 2015-06-03 | 安徽荃银高科种业股份有限公司 | Cottonseed processing method for reducing damage and increasing seed germination percentage |
| CN105439770A (en) * | 2015-12-21 | 2016-03-30 | 济南飞天农业科技有限公司 | Method for producing organic fertilizer by utilizing corn straw |
| CN105439770B (en) * | 2015-12-21 | 2018-11-30 | 济南飞天农业科技有限公司 | A method of organic fertilizer is produced using corn stover |
| CN106105492A (en) * | 2016-06-24 | 2016-11-16 | 山东棉花研究中心 | A kind of high-efficiency cotton flower seed coating method |
| CN107046858A (en) * | 2017-05-05 | 2017-08-18 | 东至县鸿棉工贸有限责任公司 | A kind of cotton seeds lint acid solution and preparation method thereof |
| CN114946315A (en) * | 2022-05-18 | 2022-08-30 | 李涛 | Preparation method of tomato artificial seeds |
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Open date: 20090401 |