CN101393289A - 一种节能隔热膜的膜系设计、膜料选取及制作方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种节能隔热膜的膜系设计、膜料选取及制作方法，它包含：使用真空热蒸发方式，在透明基材上，淀积多层特定厚度、特定折射率的光学薄膜介质材料与金属材料。其特征是：在透明基材上，使用真空热蒸发方式，利用光学薄膜干涉的原理进行膜系组合，使其具有高效阻隔热辐射的特性。其膜系设计的优点是：具有良好的光谱选择性，可见光高透过，紫外光和红外光高反射。膜料选择的优点是：产品稳定性好且价格便宜。其制作方法的优点是：设备投资低，效率高，生产成本低廉。本发明生产的产品贴于汽车及建筑物玻璃窗时可起到隔热节能的效果。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种节能隔热膜的膜系设计、膜料选取及制作方法
背景技术
节能隔热膜是近几年先进国家迅猛发展的高新技术产品，该膜贴在玻璃上，既可让可见光透过，又能阻断红外线、紫外线，是一种市场急需且需求很大的节能产品。
目前常见的节能隔热膜产品类型为：
吸收型---在薄膜基材内掺杂或表面涂覆、镀制一层能够吸收红外线的材料，当太阳光照射时能够有效地吸收太阳光谱中的红外线，使通过的红外光线减少而起到隔热作用。通常这种类型的隔热膜，太阳光强吸收30～40％，膜层本身无反射，这种类型的隔热效果很差，原因是当该膜吸收红外线后，自身的温度将升高，热将通过玻璃向室内传导，使隔热作用降低.
反射型---在薄膜基材或玻璃表面上镀制金属反射膜，这类产品的隔热原理是将大部分产生热的红外线反射回去，使红外线的透过率降低，从而起到隔热作用。由于红外线被反射而不是被吸收，因而，膜层本身的温度不会升高，该产品的反射膜层一般是用磁控溅射技术镀制的金属材料，由于这些材料反射光谱带很宽，在可见光区波长范围也具有很强的反射作用，从而使可见光透过率也同时降低。
本发明涉及的节能隔热膜的膜系设计，是用光学干涉原理的金属—介质诱导透射理论设计膜系，用光学真空镀膜法来镀制，其产品同时满足可见光高透过，紫外光、红外光高反射，以达到最佳的隔热效果。换以言之该发明涉及的隔热膜具有良好的光谱选择性。
目前国内外生产节能隔热膜的厂家，无论是吸收型还是反射型，均使用溅射法，其主要不足是设备昂贵，耗材成本高，淀积速度慢，而本发明涉及的节能隔热膜的制备，采用电阻加热蒸发，其相对于溅射法有明显的优势，如：设备投资少，耗材成本低，淀积速度快，膜层均匀性好。
发明内容
针对现有节能隔热膜的产品结构，本发明提出一种新的光学膜系结构、镀膜材料及制作方法。
本发明是这样实现的，一种隔热膜的膜系设计、膜料选取及制作方法，包括有基材、光学膜系组合、膜料、热蒸发制作方法。
光学薄膜膜系设计具体为：介质膜层—金属膜层—介质膜层。
制作方法为：真空热蒸镀。
介质膜层为硫化锌。
金属膜层为银。
基材为透明塑料薄膜(例如PET).
本发明通过在透明塑料膜上按上述膜系镀制特定厚度的介质材料和金属材料，形成可见光带通滤光膜，有效地屏蔽了紫外线和红外线的辐射，达到阻断热传递的目的。
本发明所用镀膜介质材料为硫化锌，硫化锌的升华温度低，因此可采用热蒸镀的方法，使设备投资及生产成本降低。
附图说明
附图为节能隔热膜的结构示意图
图中：1 有机硅加硬层，2 薄膜基材，3、5、7 介质层，4、6 金属层，8 复合胶+紫外吸收剂，9 薄膜基材，10 压敏胶，11 防粘层，12保护层。
具体实施方式
介质层和金属层均用热蒸镀的方法制作，膜系结构为介质膜层—金属膜层—介质膜层。其完整表达式为：
B|ZnS Ag ZnS Ag ZnS|A
其中：介质层的厚度范围为：20～70nm，最佳厚度为30nm或60nm。
金属层的厚度范围为：10～25nm，最佳厚度为15nm或20nm。也可以在膜系基本结构的基础上增加组合，如：
B|ZnS Ag ZnS Ag ZnS Ag ZnS|A
其中：介质层的厚度范围为：20～70nm，最佳厚度为30nm或60nm。
金属层的厚度范围为：10～25nm，最佳厚度为15nm或20nm。
Claims (7)
1.一种节能隔热膜的膜系设计、膜料选取及制作方法，包括在透明基材上的膜系组合及镀制方式。
2.根据权利要求1“一种节能隔热膜的膜系设计、膜料选取及制作方法”所述的膜系设计的基本结构为：介质膜层—金属膜层—介质膜层。
3.根据权利要求1“一种节能隔热膜的膜系设计、膜料选取及制作方法”所述的透明基材为：塑料薄膜，玻璃或其他透明材料。
4.根据权利要求1“一种节能隔热膜的膜系设计、膜料选取及制作方法”所述的制作方法为：在真空中用电阻加热蒸发膜料，使其淀积到基材上。
5.根据权利要求2“膜系设计的基本结构为：介质膜层—金属膜层—介质膜层”所述的介质膜层为硫化锌。
6.根据权利要求2“膜系设计的基本结构为：介质膜层—金属膜层—介质膜层”所述的金属膜层为银。
7.根据权利要求2“膜系设计的基本结构为：介质膜层—金属膜层—介质膜层”所述的各膜层的厚度根据隔热膜所需的光谱特性依照光学薄膜干涉原理设计计算。
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101876720A (zh) * | 2010-03-15 | 2010-11-03 | 浙江水晶光电科技股份有限公司 | 红外截止滤光片 |
| CN102533541A (zh) * | 2010-12-20 | 2012-07-04 | 新奥科技发展有限公司 | 微生物养殖系统 |
| CN106671509A (zh) * | 2016-12-21 | 2017-05-17 | 蚌埠玻璃工业设计研究院 | 一种光谱选择反射型隔热膜 |
| CN108710169A (zh) * | 2018-08-03 | 2018-10-26 | 浙江大学 | 辐射制冷滤光片及其制备方法和应用 |
| WO2019032051A1 (en) * | 2017-08-10 | 2019-02-14 | Agency For Science, Technology And Research | MULTILAYER COATING, CORRESPONDING MANUFACTURING METHOD AND USE (S) ASSOCIATED WITH SAME (S) |
| CN110058343A (zh) * | 2019-04-16 | 2019-07-26 | 河南平原光电有限公司 | 一种基于多角度光谱测量的短波通滤光膜制备方法 |
| CN115674845A (zh) * | 2023-01-05 | 2023-02-03 | 中国人民解放军火箭军工程大学 | 可见光雷达红外多波段兼容智能隐身材料 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| FR2474701A1 (fr) * | 1979-12-19 | 1981-07-31 | France Etat | Filtre optique interferentiel de protection contre les radiations infrarouges et application |
| CN87208073U (zh) * | 1987-05-13 | 1988-04-06 | 南京工学院 | 窗用遮阳塑料薄膜 |
| CN2192681Y (zh) * | 1994-06-21 | 1995-03-22 | 广州市荔湾区金辉装饰材料商行 | 反光窗花太阳膜 |
| CN2302262Y (zh) * | 1997-06-12 | 1998-12-30 | 上海奥依光电子有限公司 | 一种透明隔热薄膜 |
| CN1314830C (zh) * | 2003-12-04 | 2007-05-09 | 湖南三才光电信息材料有限公司 | 柔性低辐射窗膜及其生产实时控制方法 |
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Cited By (11)
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| CN101876720A (zh) * | 2010-03-15 | 2010-11-03 | 浙江水晶光电科技股份有限公司 | 红外截止滤光片 |
| CN102533541A (zh) * | 2010-12-20 | 2012-07-04 | 新奥科技发展有限公司 | 微生物养殖系统 |
| CN106671509A (zh) * | 2016-12-21 | 2017-05-17 | 蚌埠玻璃工业设计研究院 | 一种光谱选择反射型隔热膜 |
| WO2019032051A1 (en) * | 2017-08-10 | 2019-02-14 | Agency For Science, Technology And Research | MULTILAYER COATING, CORRESPONDING MANUFACTURING METHOD AND USE (S) ASSOCIATED WITH SAME (S) |
| CN108710169A (zh) * | 2018-08-03 | 2018-10-26 | 浙江大学 | 辐射制冷滤光片及其制备方法和应用 |
| CN108710169B (zh) * | 2018-08-03 | 2019-11-19 | 浙江大学 | 辐射制冷滤光片及其制备方法和应用 |
| WO2020024566A1 (zh) * | 2018-08-03 | 2020-02-06 | 浙江大学 | 辐射制冷滤光片及其制备方法和应用 |
| US11914179B2 (en) | 2018-08-03 | 2024-02-27 | Zhejiang University | Radiative cooling optical filter, its preparing method and application |
| CN110058343A (zh) * | 2019-04-16 | 2019-07-26 | 河南平原光电有限公司 | 一种基于多角度光谱测量的短波通滤光膜制备方法 |
| CN110058343B (zh) * | 2019-04-16 | 2021-08-17 | 河南平原光电有限公司 | 一种基于多角度光谱测量的短波通滤光膜制备方法 |
| CN115674845A (zh) * | 2023-01-05 | 2023-02-03 | 中国人民解放军火箭军工程大学 | 可见光雷达红外多波段兼容智能隐身材料 |
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