CN101391339B - Method for thinning welding-seam organization and increasing welding-seam ductility during welding the titanium alloy, powder filling device - Google Patents
Method for thinning welding-seam organization and increasing welding-seam ductility during welding the titanium alloy, powder filling device Download PDFInfo
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- CN101391339B CN101391339B CN2008101724700A CN200810172470A CN101391339B CN 101391339 B CN101391339 B CN 101391339B CN 2008101724700 A CN2008101724700 A CN 2008101724700A CN 200810172470 A CN200810172470 A CN 200810172470A CN 101391339 B CN101391339 B CN 101391339B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a welding seam microstructure refining and plasticity improving method by adding titanium-alloy powder or other material powder during titanium-alloy welding. The method includes: putting the homogeneous or heterogeneous powder into the crystallizing melting pool through a powder adding device at the end of the titanium-alloy welding melting pool; the un-melted powder is used as the core at one hand, and at the other hand, the melting of the powder is used to absorb the heat, so as to accelerate the solidification of the melting pool, thereby increasing the number of crystal grains which are crystallized simultaneously at the welding seam, ensuring the titanium-alloy welding seam microstructure refinement and achieving the purpose of improving the plasticity of the titanium-alloy welding joint.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of in the titanium alloy welding process refinement seam organization improve the method for plastic property of weld bead.
Background technology
Titanium alloy is one of current most important aeronautic structure material, and these alloys self have higher intensity, plasticity and toughness, can satisfy the design and use requirement of aircaft configuration fully.But along with further highlighting of aircraft loss of weight demand, many titanium alloy structure spares wish to adopt Welding Structure; In addition, some structures are owing to size or shape reason, and the difficulty that directly adopts forging, casting and process for machining to make is very big, also wish to adopt solder technology.So titanium alloy, especially the welding performance problem of high strength titanium alloy becomes most important in some.The titanium alloy of many function admirables is through Thermal Cycle and a series of metallurgical variation, and the performance loss of weld seam is serious.Though the post weld heat treatment through certain still is difficult to the level that returns to mother metal or share.This is very restricted applying of titanium alloy.
For many titanium alloy welding, a ubiquitous outstanding problem is that plastic property of weld bead reduces seriously.A major reason that causes the titanium alloy plastic property of weld bead to reduce is exactly that the initial β crystal grain of weld seam is thick, and often with most of thickness of the form through weld of column crystal.Coarse grain and intracrystalline acicular texture that the titanium alloy welding causes are difficult to change by post weld heat treatment.Be control titanium alloy weld seam process of setting, the initial β crystal grain of refinement, people have proposed kinds of processes, but effect is still not ideal enough.As adopt the high energy beam of low-heat input to weld, though the initial β crystal grain of energy refinement, too fine and closely woven because of the intracrystalline acicular texture, plasticity is improved and is not obvious.Electromagnetic agitation is obtaining successful application as a kind of technology of refinement weld grain aspect the welding of aluminium alloy, steel, but is used for the titanium alloy welding, does not obtain positive effect yet.In the molten bath, dose the Y element processing of going bad by welding wire, can receive crystal grain thinning, prevent the effect of fire check, but weld strength improves, plasticity decreases, further studies show that, add Y and can not stop the connection growth of crystal grain from the weld interface, grain refinement only is confined to the weld seam center.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of method that alleviates the titanium alloy welding process refinement seam organization raising plastic property of weld bead that plastic property of weld bead reduces in the titanium alloy welding process.Technical solution of the present invention is, doses device to the latter half of powder of dosing titanium alloy powder or other character in molten bath at the welding gun rear by a powder, and its concrete steps are,
1) according to workpiece material character to be welded, dose the material of powder when determining welding, can be that homogeneity also can be heterogeneous, be advisable a little more than material melting point to be welded with dosed powder fusing point;
2) adopt rotary electrode method or atomization prepared sizes scope at-40 orders～+ 80 purpose powder;
3) determine welding current, speed of welding and powder feed rate according to test plate (panel) thickness, the powder feed rate scope is 1.0g/min～8.0g/min;
4) by dragging cover-dust outlet adjuster, regulate dust outlet angle, width, height and with the distance of tungsten electrode, dust outlet and horizontal direction angle are that 25 °～45 °, dust outlet width and pool width adapt, be 5mm～10mm, the dust outlet lower edge exceeds weldment 2mm～6mm, and dust outlet lower end leading edge is positioned at tungsten electrode axis rear 5mm～10mm;
5) powder feeding adopts gas to carry contactless mode, determines powder feeding pallet motor speed according to powder feed rate, determines to carry the powder argon flow amount according to powder size and proportion;
6) when welding adopts and send the mode of carrying powder argon gas-powder feeding again-back striking to start welding earlier, by drag cover-dust outlet adjuster with powder by the welding gun rear with 25 °～45 ° angle with to treat that the weldment upper surface is the latter half that the height of benchmark 2mm～6mm is sent into welding pool; When welding finishes, to stop powder feeding-stop to send the mode of carrying a powder argon gas-last blow-out to finish welding more earlier.
The powder of welding process refinement seam organization raising plastic property of weld bead method is dosed device and is carried the powder controller by contactless gas, the powder feeding pipeline, argon bottle, drag cover-dust outlet adjuster, aspirating pipeline is formed, contactless gas carries in the housing of powder controller motor is housed, motor links to each other with speed regulator by circuit, a pallet is installed on the rotating shaft of motor, pallet is installed in the cavity, have cannelure on the card of pallet, the top of pallet is provided with a funnel, cavity is inserted in the funnel bottom, the upside of cavity has an air inlet pipe that communicates with argon bottle, the first argon gas pipeline links to each other with air inlet pipe, per two argon gas pipelines link to each other with argon bottle, between the first argon gas pipeline and the second argon gas pipeline flowmeter is arranged, pass through scraper plate of bolting in the pallet cannelure from the inside upper wall of cavity, the upside of the ring groove of scraper plate front side is provided with an air intake duct, and air intake duct stretches out closed cavity and the powder feeding pipeline joins; It is concordant that the lower port of funnel and cannelure on the pallet align, and the upper end of funnel places contactless gas to carry the outside and sealing of powder controller housing; The bottom of dragging cover of dragging cover-dust outlet adjuster is a stainless steel cloth bottom surface, drag and feed a tunger tube in the cover, the top of tunger tube evenly has row's aperture, dust outlet penetrates to drag from the top oblique cutting that drags cover and covers and stretch out from the below of dragging cover, the upper end of dust outlet links to each other with the powder feeding pipeline, drags cover to be installed on the rear portion of welding gun by jockey.Advantage that the present invention has and beneficial effect, the present invention is by dosing in welding pool in welding process and being welded titanium alloy homogeneity or heterogeneous powder, utilize the core of molten not most powder as the weld seam forming core, increase the number of dies of crystallization simultaneously, make the refinement of titanium alloy seam organization, realize improving the purpose of plastic property of weld bead.This method can adopt homogeneity or heterogeneous titanium alloy powder, also can adopt the higher oxide of fusing point, the carbide powder core as heterogeneous forming core.By adopting the powder of different grain size collocation, can utilize powder to cause molten forming core core to the greatest extent than coarsegrain, also can utilize than what the molten bath was accelerated in the heat absorption of small grain size powder smelting and solidify the primary solidification structure of refinement titanium alloy weld seam.The present invention has overcome the limitation that the thick seam organization of titanium alloy can't carry out refinement by post weld heat treatment, makes weld seam primary solidification structure obtain refinement, has substantial characteristics and marked improvement.Compare with the high energy beam weldering of low-heat input that can the initial β crystal grain of refinement, the plasticity that the present invention can avoid causing because of intergranular structure is too fine and closely woven reduces.Compare with electromagnetic agitation, the effect of refinement seam organization of the present invention and raising plasticity is more obvious.The method that employing contains the Y element welding wire only makes the grain refinement at weld seam center, and the present invention can make the tissue of whole welding line obtain refinement, and the effect of improving plastic property of weld bead is more obvious.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 doses the apparatus structure schematic diagram for powder of the present invention.
The specific embodiment
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions, material according to titanium alloy to be welded, make or select homogeneity or heterogeneous, the powder of granularity moderate (40 orders～+ 80 orders), in welding process, adopt gas carry the noncontact mode with suitable powder feed rate (1.0g/min～8.0g/min), by the dust outlet adjuster with suitable angle (with 25 °～45 ° of horizontal direction angles), width (5mm～10mm), highly ((dust outlet lower end leading edge is positioned at tungsten electrode axis rear 5mm～10mm) and powder is transported to the latter half of of welding pool to exceed weldment 2mm～6mm) and distance.
Its concrete steps are,
(1) according to the material of titanium alloy to be welded, determine to dose the material of powder, powder can also can be heterogeneous with titanium alloy homogeneity to be welded, is advisable a little more than material melting point to be welded with dosed powder fusing point.
(2) adopt rotary electrode method or the moderate powder of atomization prepared sizes scope, powder size is advisable with-40 orders～+ 80 orders.
(3) determine welding current, speed of welding and powder feed rate according to the thickness of titanium alloy to be welded.The powder feed rate scope is 1.0g/min～8.0g/min.
(4) powder is added in the powder feeder Materials hopper, tighten filler cap, guarantee funnel and isolate from outer air.
(5) connect the powder feeding controller power source, the powder feeding controller is carried the powder argon inlet pipe be connected with argon bottle with flowmeter by flexible pipe.
(6) carry out the demarcation of powder feed rate and powder feeder pallet motor speed voltage corresponding relation.
(7) outlet of powder feeder air intake duct is connected with dragging cover-dust outlet adjuster by plastic flexible pipe.
(8), regulate the angle, width of dust outlet, highly and and the distance of tungsten electrode by dragging cover-dust outlet adjuster.Dust outlet and horizontal direction angle are that 25 °～45 °, dust outlet width and pool width adapt, and are 5mm～10mm, and the dust outlet lower edge exceeds weldment 2mm～6mm, and dust outlet lower end leading edge is positioned at tungsten electrode axis rear 5mm～10mm.
(9) (1V～5V), set and carry the powder argon flow amount, carrying the powder argon flow amount is 2.5L/min～5.0L/min to set pallet motor speed voltage according to powder feed rate on the powder feeding controller.
(10) welding current, the speed of welding of setting welding machine are set the flow that drags cover protection argon gas, welding gun protection argon gas and back-protective argon gas;
(11) sending the mode of carrying powder argon gas-powder feeding again-back striking to start welding earlier, when welding finishes to stop powder feeding-stop to send the mode of carrying a powder argon gas-last blow-out to finish to weld again earlier.
It is to carry the powder controller by contactless gas that the powder of welding process refinement seam organization raising plastic property of weld bead method is dosed device, powder feeding pipeline 8, argon bottle 26, drag cover-dust outlet adjuster, aspirating pipeline 7 is formed, contactless gas carries in the housing 11 of powder controller motor 24 is housed, motor 24 links to each other with speed regulator 22 by circuit 23, a pallet 12 is installed on the rotating shaft of motor 24, pallet 12 is installed in the cavity 18, have cannelure 19 on the card of pallet 12, the top of pallet 12 is provided with a funnel 17, cavity 18 is inserted in funnel 17 bottoms, the upside of cavity 18 has an air inlet pipe 15 that communicates with argon bottle 26, the first argon gas pipeline 20 links to each other with air inlet pipe 15, the second argon gas pipeline 25 links to each other with argon bottle 26, between the first argon gas pipeline 20 and the second argon gas pipeline 25 flowmeter 21 is arranged, fix a scraper plate 13 from the inside upper wall of cavity 18 in pallet cannelure 19 by bolt 14, cannelure 19 tops of scraper plate 13 front sides are provided with an air intake duct 16, and air intake duct 16 stretches out closed cavity 18 and joins with powder feeding pipeline 8; It is concordant that the lower port of funnel 17 and cannelure 19 on the pallet 12 align, and the upper end of funnel 17 places contactless gas to carry the outside and sealing of powder controller housing 11; Dragging the bottom of dragging cover 2 of cover-dust outlet adjuster is a stainless steel cloth 3 bottom surfaces, drag and feed a tunger tube 1 in the cover, the top of tunger tube 1 evenly has row's aperture 6, dust outlet 4 is from dragging cover 2 top oblique cutting to penetrate to drag cover 2 and stretching out from the below of dragging cover 2, the upper end of dust outlet 4 links to each other with powder feeding pipeline 8, drags cover 2 to be installed on the rear portion of welding gun 10 by jockey 9.
After powder is poured funnel 17 into, tighten the lid of funnel 17, make funnel 17 inside and cavity 18 constitute the space of a sealing, adopt movable sealing between the rotating shaft of pallet 12 and the cavity 18, gas can only enter the space of this sealing by air inlet pipe 15 and air intake duct 16.Powder relies on the gravity effect to fill and lead up the cannelure 19 of pallet 12, motor 24 drives pallet 12 rotations, powder is transported to equably the below of air intake duct 16, scraper plate 13 blocks powder in air intake duct 16 belows, carry the powder argon gas and enter cavity 18 from air inlet pipe 15, discharge cavity from air intake duct 16, the argon gas stream of air intake duct 16 belows causes negative pressure, the powder that is transported to air intake duct 16 belows is siphoned away, powder enters dust outlet 4 by powder feeding pipeline 8, enter the rear portion, molten bath from dust outlet 4 lower ends, the rotating speed decision powder feed rate of motor 24, regulate rotating speed by speed regulator 22, carry the powder ability of carrying of flow decision air intake duct 16 belows of powder argon gas, regulate by flowmeter and carry the powder argon flow amount.Argon gas enters tunger tube 1 by aspirating pipeline 7; row's aperture 6 above tunger tube 1 enters and drags cover 2 inner and upper again; flow downward then; eyelet by stainless steel cloth 3 flows out downwards equably, and titanium alloy weld seam that still is in high temperature and nearly seam district thereof that the rear, molten bath has just been solidified provide good argon shield.
Drag cover protection gas and carry the powder argon flow amount and regulate separately, the powder feeding height of dust outlet 4, width, angle can be regulated, and the distance between dust outlet 4 lower end leading edges and the tungsten electrode 5 also can be regulated.
According to the material of titanium alloy to be welded, determine to dose the material of powder, powder can also can be heterogeneous with titanium alloy homogeneity to be welded, is advisable a little more than material melting point to be welded with dosed powder fusing point; Adopt rotary electrode method or the moderate powder of atomization prepared sizes scope.By dragging cover-dust outlet adjuster, set dust outlet angle, width, height and with the distance of tungsten electrode; Adopt gas to carry noncontact mode latter half of speed to welding pool in welding process and carry powder with 1.0g/min～8.0g/min; Speed regulator by the powder feeding controller is set powder feed rate, sets by the flowmeter of powder feeding controller and carries the powder argon flow amount.
Embodiment one: adopt the method for dosing the TC4 titanium alloy powder with weldering in TA15 titanium alloy argon tungsten-arc welding process.TA15 thickness of slab 2.5mm, the TC4 powder size is-65 orders～+ 80 orders and-60～two kinds of specifications of+65 orders, 30 ° of dust outlet and horizontal direction angles, width are 6mm, height 5.5mm, the dust outlet leading edge is positioned at tungsten electrode axis rear 10mm, and speed of welding is 4.3mm/s, and welding current is 170A～190A, arc voltage is 13.0V～15.0V, welding manner is built-up welding on the plate, all test plate (panel) back side penetrations, and the molten wide basically identical in the back side.The postwelding test plate (panel) carries out 630 ℃ * 1hr annealing in process, test welding point angle of bend, and the number of die in measuring every square millimeter by the weld seam Metallographic Analysis, and converting obtains grain size number.Table 1 is experimental condition and result of the test.As seen, compare with routine weldering (test 1), dose with weldering that seam organization all obtains obvious refinement in the test of titanium alloy powder, the angle of bend of welding point increases, joint plasticity be improved significantly.
Weld grain degree and joint angle of bend are relatively under the table 1 different tests condition
| Test number | Powder size (order) | Powder feed rate (g/min) | Carry powder argon flow amount (L/min) | Welding current (A) | Number of die in the weld seam unit square millimeter | Grain size number | Angle of bend (°) | Joint plasticity improves ratio (%) |
| 1 | - | - | - | 170 | 1.76 | -2.14 | 29.5～35 32.6 | - |
| 2 | -65～+80 | 4.1 | 3.3 | 175 | 8.11 | 0.07 | 35～40 37 | 13.5 |
| 3 | -65～+80 | 3.2 | 2.5 | 185 | 9.10 | 0.23 | 35～41 37.9 | 16.3 |
| 4 | -65～+80 | 2.4 | 2.5 | 185 | 8.08 | 0.06 | 34～44.5 39.8 | 22.1 |
| 5 | -60～+65 | 3.2 | 3.3 | 190 | 7.44 | -0.06 | 34～41 36.4 | 11.7 |
Claims (2)
1. a titanium alloy welding process refinement seam organization improves the method for plastic property of weld bead, it is characterized in that, doses device to the latter half of powder of dosing titanium alloy powder or other character in molten bath at the welding gun rear by a powder, and its concrete steps are,
1) according to workpiece material character to be welded, dose the material of powder when determining welding, can be that homogeneity also can be heterogeneous, be advisable a little more than material melting point to be welded with dosed powder fusing point;
2) adopt rotary electrode method or atomization prepared sizes scope at-40 orders～+ 80 purpose powder;
3) determine welding current, speed of welding and powder feed rate according to weldment thickness, the powder feed rate scope is 1.0g/min～8.0g/min;
4) by dragging cover-dust outlet adjuster, regulate dust outlet angle, width, height and with the distance of tungsten electrode, dust outlet and horizontal direction angle are that 25 °～45 °, dust outlet width and pool width adapt, be 5mm～10mm, the dust outlet lower edge exceeds weldment 2mm～6mm, and dust outlet lower end leading edge is positioned at tungsten electrode axis rear 5mm～10mm;
5) powder feeding adopts gas to carry contactless mode, determines the motor speed of powder feeding pallet according to powder feed rate, determines to carry a powder argon flow amount according to powder size and proportion;
6) when welding adopts and send the mode of carrying powder argon gas-powder feeding again-back striking to start welding earlier, by drag cover-dust outlet adjuster with powder by the welding gun rear with 25 °～45 ° angle with to treat that the weldment upper surface is the latter half that the height of benchmark 2mm～6mm is sent into welding pool; When welding finishes, to stop powder feeding-stop to send the mode of carrying a powder argon gas-last blow-out to finish welding more earlier.
2. a powder of finishing the described welding process refinement of claim 1 seam organization raising plastic property of weld bead method is dosed device, it is characterized in that, powder is dosed device and is carried the powder controller by contactless gas, powder feeding pipeline (8), argon bottle (26), drag cover-dust outlet adjuster, aspirating pipeline (7) is formed, contactless gas carries in the housing (11) of powder controller motor (24) is housed, motor (24) links to each other with speed regulator (22) by circuit (23), a pallet (12) is installed on the rotating shaft of motor (24), pallet (12) is installed in the cavity (18), have cannelure (19) on the card of pallet (12), the top of pallet (12) is provided with a funnel (17), cavity (18) is inserted in funnel (17) bottom, the upside of cavity (18) has an air inlet pipe (15) that communicates with argon bottle (26), the first argon gas pipeline (20) links to each other with air inlet pipe (15), per two argon gas pipelines (25) link to each other with argon bottle (26), between the first argon gas pipeline (20) and the second argon gas pipeline (25) flowmeter (21) is arranged, fix a scraper plate (13) from the inside upper wall of cavity (18) in pallet cannelure (19) by bolt (14), cannelure (19) top of scraper plate (13) front side is provided with an air intake duct (16), and air intake duct (16) stretches out closed cavity (18) and joins with powder feeding pipeline (8); It is concordant that the lower port of funnel (17) and cannelure (19) on the pallet (12) align, and the upper end of funnel (17) places contactless gas to carry the outside and sealing of powder controller housing (11); The bottom of dragging cover (2) of dragging cover-dust outlet adjuster is a stainless steel cloth (3) bottom surface, drag and feed a tunger tube (1) in the cover, the top of tunger tube (1) evenly has row's aperture (6), dust outlet (4) penetrates from the top oblique cutting that drags cover (2) and drags cover (2) and stretch out from the below of dragging cover (2), the upper end of dust outlet (4) links to each other with powder feeding pipeline (8), drags cover (2) to be installed on the rear portion of welding gun (10) by jockey (9).
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| CN101850494B (en) * | 2010-05-20 | 2011-09-28 | 什邡市明日宇航工业股份有限公司 | Manufacturing method of internal bladder of annular titanium alloy gas cylinder |
| CN102489841B (en) * | 2011-11-24 | 2016-03-23 | 重庆理工大学 | Tungsten argon arc welding method filled by the alloy powder of aluminium alloy |
| CN102489840B (en) * | 2011-11-24 | 2015-07-15 | 重庆理工大学 | Alloy powder filling tungsten argon arc welding method for magnesium alloys |
| CN102554415A (en) * | 2011-12-13 | 2012-07-11 | 江西洪都航空工业集团有限责任公司 | Protective device of titanium alloy part argon arc welding welded joint and welding method thereof |
| CN103537778A (en) * | 2013-10-21 | 2014-01-29 | 西安泵阀总厂有限公司 | Titaniumtim part surface overlaying and hardening technology |
| CN111085752A (en) * | 2018-10-24 | 2020-05-01 | 叶均蔚 | Welding method using alloy powder as welding filler |
| CN110227896A (en) * | 2019-06-27 | 2019-09-13 | 北京航天新风机械设备有限责任公司 | A kind of annular titanium alloy weld seam welding protecting tool set-up |
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