CN101386259A - 混合动力系固定档位输入和马达转矩优化控制结构和方法 - Google Patents

混合动力系固定档位输入和马达转矩优化控制结构和方法 Download PDF

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CN101386259A
CN101386259A CNA200810213835XA CN200810213835A CN101386259A CN 101386259 A CN101386259 A CN 101386259A CN A200810213835X A CNA200810213835X A CN A200810213835XA CN 200810213835 A CN200810213835 A CN 200810213835A CN 101386259 A CN101386259 A CN 101386259A
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torque
input torque
input
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electric machine
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CN101386259B (zh
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A·H·希普
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GM Global Technology Operations LLC
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/44Series-parallel type
    • B60K6/445Differential gearing distribution type
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/36Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings
    • B60K6/365Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings with the gears having orbital motion
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60WCONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W10/00Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
    • B60W10/04Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units
    • B60W10/06Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units including control of combustion engines
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60WCONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W10/00Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
    • B60W10/04Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units
    • B60W10/08Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units including control of electric propulsion units, e.g. motors or generators
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60WCONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W20/00Control systems specially adapted for hybrid vehicles
    • B60W20/10Controlling the power contribution of each of the prime movers to meet required power demand
    • B60W20/11Controlling the power contribution of each of the prime movers to meet required power demand using model predictive control [MPC] strategies, i.e. control methods based on models predicting performance
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60WCONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W50/00Details of control systems for road vehicle drive control not related to the control of a particular sub-unit, e.g. process diagnostic or vehicle driver interfaces
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60WCONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W50/00Details of control systems for road vehicle drive control not related to the control of a particular sub-unit, e.g. process diagnostic or vehicle driver interfaces
    • B60W2050/0001Details of the control system
    • B60W2050/0002Automatic control, details of type of controller or control system architecture
    • B60W2050/0004In digital systems, e.g. discrete-time systems involving sampling
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60WCONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W50/00Details of control systems for road vehicle drive control not related to the control of a particular sub-unit, e.g. process diagnostic or vehicle driver interfaces
    • B60W2050/0001Details of the control system
    • B60W2050/0002Automatic control, details of type of controller or control system architecture
    • B60W2050/0013Optimal controllers
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60WCONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W2555/00Input parameters relating to exterior conditions, not covered by groups B60W2552/00, B60W2554/00
    • B60W2555/20Ambient conditions, e.g. wind or rain
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H37/00Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00
    • F16H37/02Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings
    • F16H37/06Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts
    • F16H37/08Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing
    • F16H37/0833Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts, i.e. with two or more internal power paths
    • F16H37/084Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts, i.e. with two or more internal power paths at least one power path being a continuously variable transmission, i.e. CVT
    • F16H2037/0866Power split variators with distributing differentials, with the output of the CVT connected or connectable to the output shaft
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
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    • F16H37/02Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings
    • F16H37/06Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts
    • F16H37/08Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing
    • F16H37/10Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing at both ends of intermediate shafts
    • F16H2037/102Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing at both ends of intermediate shafts the input or output shaft of the transmission is connected or connectable to two or more differentials
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H37/00Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00
    • F16H37/02Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings
    • F16H37/06Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts
    • F16H37/08Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing
    • F16H37/10Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing at both ends of intermediate shafts
    • F16H2037/104Power split variators with one end of the CVT connected or connectable to two or more differentials
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H37/00Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00
    • F16H37/02Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings
    • F16H37/06Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts
    • F16H37/08Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing
    • F16H37/10Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing at both ends of intermediate shafts
    • F16H2037/105Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing at both ends of intermediate shafts characterised by number of modes or ranges, e.g. for compound gearing
    • F16H2037/106Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing at both ends of intermediate shafts characterised by number of modes or ranges, e.g. for compound gearing with switching means to provide two variator modes or ranges
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y10S477/00Interrelated power delivery controls, including engine control
    • Y10S477/902Control signal is engine parameter other than manifold pressure or fuel control

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  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
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  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Human Computer Interaction (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
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Abstract

本发明涉及混合动力系固定档位输入和马达转矩优化控制结构和方法。提供了一种用于包括在多个固定档位模式和连续可变模式中可运行的机电变速器的动力总成系统的控制系统。控制系统适合于识别优选的运行条件以用于在固定档位的运行范围状态下运行动力总成。方法包括:确定可允许输入转矩的范围。反复地选择用于输入转矩的状态,且基于对于输入转矩的选择的状态优化来自第一电机器的马达转矩输出。基于优化的来自第一电机器的马达转矩输出确定来自第二电机器的马达转矩输出。对于反复地选择的用于输出转矩的状态和来自第一和第二电机器的马达转矩的每个计算成本。基于多个成本识别优选的输出转矩。

Description

混合动力系固定档位输入和马达转矩优化控制结构和方法
技术领域
本发明一般地涉及用于使用了机电变速器的动力总成控制系统的控制系统。
背景技术
动力总成结构包括转矩生成设备,包括内燃机和电机器,它们将转矩通过传动设备传递到车辆传动系。一个这样的变速器包括双模式复合分离机电变速器,该变速器利用了输入构件以用于从典型地为内燃机的原动机动力源接收运动转矩,且利用了输出构件以用于将运动转矩从变速器输送到车辆传动系。运行地连接到电能存储设备的电机器包括可运行以与从内燃机输入的转矩独立地生成用于输入到变速器的运动转矩的马达/发电机。电机器进一步可运行以将通过车辆传动系传递的车辆的动能转换为电能势,该电能势可存储在电能存储设备内。控制系统监测了来自车辆和操作者的多种输入且提供了对于动力总成系统的运行控制,包括控制变速器换档,控制转矩生成设备和调节在电能存储设备和电机器之间的电能相互交换。
典型的机电变速器选择地在固定档位模式下和连续可变模式下通过促动转矩传递离合器可运行,典型地利用了液压回路来实现离合器促动。在变速器输出构件的转速与来自发动机的输入构件的转速具有固定比例时发生固定档位模式,这典型地由于一个或多个转矩传递离合器的促动导致。当变速器输出构件的转速基于一个或多个电机器的运行速度是可变的时发生了连续可变模式。电机器可以通过离合器的促动或通过直接连接而连接到输出轴。离合器促动和解除激活典型地通过液压回路实现。
工程师在实施具有机电变速器的动力总成系统时具有实施控制方案以监测系统状态和控制多种系统和促动器的运行以有效地控制动力总成运行的任务。这样的系统在下文中描述。
发明内容
根据本发明的实施例,提供了控制动力总成系统的运行的方法和设备,该动力总成系统包括可运行以从多个转矩生成设备传递转矩输入的机电转矩传递设备。
方法包括运行动力总成以确定从内燃机到机电变速器的可允许的输入转矩的范围。来自可允许转矩的范围的用于输入转矩的状态被反复地选择且来自第一电机器的马达转矩输出基于用于输入转矩选择的状态被优化。来自第二电机器的马达转矩输出基于来自第一电机器的优化的马达转矩输出确定。用于输入转矩的反复地选择的状态和来自第一和第二电机器的马达转矩的每个的成本被计算。优选地输入转矩基于多个成本来确定。
在阅读和理解如下的对实施例的详细描述中,本发明将变得对于本领域一般技术人员是显见的。
附图说明
本发明可以具有一定的零件和零件的布置的物理形式,本发明的实施例详细地描述且在附图中图示,附图形成了实施例的部分,各图为:
图1是根据本发明的典型的动力总成的示意图;
图2是根据本发明的用于控制系统和动力总成的典型的结构的示意图;
图3是根据本发明的曲线描述;和
图4至图9是根据本发明的示意性流程图。
具体实施方式
现在转到附图,其中的展示仅用于图示本发明的目的且不用于限制本发明的目的,图1和图2描绘了包括发动机14、变速器10、控制系统和传动系的系统,该系统根据本发明的实施例构造。在此描述的控制方案包括确定用于动力总成的运行条件的方法,该动力总成包括内燃机和选择地可运行以在它们之间传递转矩的混合动力变速器。方法包括确定转矩输出和用于运行混合动力变速器的电机器的运行成本,以在发动机关闭运行状态下发动机运行时有效地满足操作者转矩要求,以有效地满足操作者的转矩要求。确定用于运行电机器的转矩输出包括执行预先确定的系统方程,以基于用于输入转矩的选择的状态值和操作者转矩要求有效地确定从电机器的每个的马达转矩输出。
现在参考图1和图2,图中图示了典型的混合动力动力总成系统,其根据本发明的实施例构建,包括发动机14、变速器10、控制系统和传动系90。典型的混合动力动力总成系统构造为执行在图3至图9中描述的战术控制方案以用于控制发动机。典型的变速器10的机械方面在名为“Two-Mode,Compound-Split,Hybrid Electro-MechanicalTransmission having Four Fixed Ratios”的共同转让的美国专利No6,953,409中详细披露,该文献在此通过参考合并。实施了本发明的构思的典型的双模式复合分离机电混合动力变速器在图1中描绘。变速器10包括输入轴12,输入轴12具有输入速度NI,该输入轴12优选地通过内燃机14驱动,且包括具有输出转速NO的输出轴64。发动机14具有曲轴,曲轴具有特征转速NE,曲轴运行地连接到变速器输入轴12。当转矩变换器离合器设备(未示出)运行地将发动机和变速器连接时,发动机速度NE和输出转矩TE可以与变速器的输入速度NI和输入转矩TI不同。
变速器10利用了三个行星齿轮组24、26和28和四个转矩传递设备,即离合器C1 70、C2 62、C3 73和C4 75。优选地由变速器控制模块(“TCM”)17控制的电液控制系统42可运行以控制离合器的促动和解除激活。离合器C2和C4优选地包括液压促动的旋转摩擦离合器。离合器C1和C3优选地包括接地到变速器外壳68的液压促动的静止设备。
存在包括马达/发电机56(“MG-A”)的第一电机器和包括马达/发电机72(“MG-B”)的第二电机器,通过行星齿轮可运行地连接到变速器。变速器输出轴64可运行地连接到车辆传动系90,以提供运动输出转矩TO到车辆的车轮。每个离合器优选地是液压促动的,从而从以下所述的泵通过电液控制回路42接收了加压液压流体。
作为从燃料或存储在电能存储设备(ESD)74内的电势的能量转换的结果,变速器10从转矩生成设备接收了输入转矩,该转矩生成设备包括发动机14和MG-A 56和MG-B 72,且分别称为“TI”、“TA”和“TB”。ESD 74通过DC传递导体27高电压DC耦合到变速器动力变换器模块(“TPIM”)19。TPIM 19是下文中将参考图2描述的控制系统的元件。TPIM 19通过传递导体29将电能传递到MG-A 56和从MG-A56传递来,且TPIM 19类似地通过传递导体31将电能传递到MG-B 72和从MG-B 72传递来。根据ESD 74处于充电还是放电,电流传递到ESD74和从ESD 74传来。TPIM 19包括一对功率变换器和各马达控制模块,马达控制模块构造为接收马达控制指令且从该指令控制变换器状态以提供马达驱动或再生功能性。优选地,MG-A 56和MG-B 72是三相AC机器,它们每个具有可运行以在安装在变速器的外壳上的定子内旋转的转子。变换器包括已知的互补的三相功率电子设备。
现在参考图2,图中示出了控制系统的示意性方框图,该方框图包括分布式控制模块结构。在后文中描述的元件包括总体车辆控制结构的子集,且可运行以提供在此描述的动力总成系统的协调的系统控制。控制系统可运行以同步化相关的信息和输入,且执行算法以控制多种促动器来实现控制目标,包括例如燃料经济性、排放、性能、可驾驶性和硬件(包括ESD 74的电池和MG-A 56和MG-B 72)保护的参数。分布式控制模块结构包括发动机控制模块(“ECM”)23,变速器控制模块(“TCM”)17,电池组控制模块(“BPCM”)21和TPIM 19。混合动力控制模块(“HCP”)5提供了上层(overarching)控制和前述控制模块的协调。存在了使用者接口(“UI”)13,该UI 13可运行地连接到多个设备,通过这些设备车辆操作者典型地通过用于转矩输出的要求控制或指导了包括了变速器10的动力总成的运行。到UI 13的典型的车辆操作者输入包括加速器踏板、制动踏板、变速器档位选择器和车辆速度巡航控制。前述控制模块的每个与其他控制模块、传感器和促动器通过局域网(“LAN”)总线6通信。LAN总线6允许控制参数和指令在多个控制模块之间的结构性通信。所利用的特定的通信协议是应用特定的。LAN总线和合适的协议提供了在前述的控制模块之间的稳健的消息和多控制模块接口,且其他控制模块提供了例如防锁死制动、牵引力控制和车辆稳定性的功能性。
HCP 5提供了对混合动力动力总成系统的上层控制,用于将ECM23、TCM 17、TPIM 19和BPCM 21的运行进行协调。基于来自UI 13和包括了电池组的动力总成的多种输入信号,HCP 5生成了多种指令,包括:输出到传动系90的操作者转矩要求(“TO_REQ”),从发动机生成的输入转矩T1,用于变速器10的N个多种转矩传递离合器C1、C2、C3、C4的离合器转矩(“TCL_N”);和用于MG-A和MG-B的马达转矩TA和TB。TCM 17运行地连接到电液控制回路42,包括监测多种压力感测设备(未示出)和生成和执行用于多种螺线管的控制信号,以控制压力开关且控制包含在其内的阀。
ECM 23运行地连接到发动机14,且起作用以从多种传感器获得数据且分别在多个离散的线上(共同地在图中示出为集合线35)控制发动机14的多种促动器。ECM 23从HCP 5接收了发动机转矩指令,且生成了希望的轴转矩且指示了实际输入转矩Tf到变速器,该变速器与HCP 5通信。为简化,ECM 23一般地示出为通过集合线35具有与发动机14的双向接口。多种可由ECM 23感测的其他参数包括发动机冷却剂温度,发动机到轴12的输入速度NE(该速度NE转化为变速器输入速度NI),歧管压力,环境空气温度,和环境压力。多种促动器可以通过ECM 23控制,包括燃料喷射器,点火模块和节气门控制模块。
TCM 17可运行地连接到变速器10且起作用以从多种传感器获得数据且将指令信号提供到变速器。从TCM 17到HCP 5的输入包括估计的离合器转矩(TCL_EST_N),以用于N个离合器C1、C2、C3和C4的每个,还包括轴64的变速器输出转速NO。其他促动器和传感器可以用于从TCM向HCP提供另外的信息以用于控制目的。TCM 17监测了来自压力开关的输入且选择地促动了压力控制螺线管和换档螺线管,以促动多种离合器来实现多种变速器运行模式,如在下文中将描述。
BPCM 21以信号将一个或多个传感器可运行地连接以监测ESD 74的电流或电压参数,以提供关于到HCP 5的电池的状态的信息。这样的信息包括电池充电状态,电池电压和可利用的电池电力,在此称为范围PBAT_MIN到PBAT_MAX
前述控制模块的每个优选地是一般用途数字计算机,它们一般地包括微处理器或中央处理单元,存储介质(包括只读存储器(ROM),随机存取存储器(RAM),电可编程只读存储器(EPROM)),高速时钟,模数(A/D)和数模(A/D)电路,和输入/输出电路和设备(I/O)和合适的信号调节和缓冲电路。每个控制模块具有一组控制算法,包括存储在ROM内的且被执行以提供每个计算机的各功能的常驻程序指令和校准。在多种计算机之间的信息传递优选地使用前述的LAN 6完成。
在控制模块的每个中用于控制和状态估计的算法典型地在预设的循环期间执行,使得每个算法每循环执行至少一次。存储在非易失性存储设备内的算法通过中央处理单元的一个执行,且可运行以监测来自感测设备的输入,且执行控制和诊断程序以使用预先设定的校准来控制各设备的运行。循环典型地以规则的间隔执行,例如在正在运行发动机且车辆运行期间每3.125、6.25、12.5、25和100毫秒执行。替代地,算法可以响应于情况的发生而执行。
典型的双模式复合分离的机电变速器在数个固定的档位运行模式和连续可变运行模式中运行,参考图1和如下的表1描述。
表1
Figure A200810213835D00101
在表中描述的多种变速器运行范围状态指示了特定的离合器C1、C2、C3和C4中哪个对于运行范围状态的每个接合或被促动。当离合器C1 70被促动时第一模式(即模式1)被选择,以将第三行星齿轮组28的外部齿轮构件“接地”。发动机14可以开启或关闭。当离合器C1 70被释放且离合器C2 62同时被促动时,第二模式(即模式2)被选择,以将轴60连接到第三行星齿轮组28的行星架。同样,发动机14可以开启或关闭。为此描述的目的,发动机关闭通过发动机输入速度NE等于零转/分钟(RPM)来限定,即发动机曲轴不旋转,这典型地作为发动机从变速器分离的结果。在电机器56、72作为马达和发电机运行时,在本发明的范围之外的其他因素具有影响,且在此未论述。
主要在图2中示出的控制系统可运行以在轴64处提供在每个运行范围状态中从相对慢到相对快的变速器的输出速度范围。在每个范围状态内的两个模式以慢-快输出速度范围的组合允许变速器10从静止状态到公路速度推进车辆,且满足多种如前所述的其他要求。另外,控制系统协调了变速器10的运行,以允许在模式之间的同步换档。
运行的第一和第二模式指其中变速器功能通过一个离合器(即离合器C1 62或C2 70)和通过电机器56和72的受控的速度和转矩控制的情形,这可以称为连续可变变速器模式。一定范围的运行在下文中描述,其中固定档位比通过施加另外的离合器实现。此另外的离合器可以是离合器C3 73或C4 75,如在以上的表中示出。
当另外的离合器施加时,实现了变速器的输入到输出速度的固定比运行,即NI/NO。机器MG-A 56和MG-B 72的旋转取决于机构的内部旋转,如通过离合限定且与在轴12处测量的输入速度成比例。机器MG-A和MG-B作为马达或发电机器运行。它们与发动机独立以输出动力流,因此实现了都作为马达、都作为发电机和它们的任何组合。这例如在以固定比例1运行期间允许在轴64处的来自变速器的运动动力输出由来自发动机的动力和通过行星齿轮组28由接收来自ESD 74的动力的来自MG-A 56和MG-B的动力来提供。
现在参考图3,对于在图1和图2中使出的典型的动力总成控制系统,多种变速器运行模式绘制成变速器输出速度NO和变速器输入速度NI的函数。对于特定的传动比GR1、GR2、GR3和GR4的每个,如以上参考图1描述,固定比例运行示出为单独的线。连续可变模式运行示出为对于模式1和模式2的每个的运行范围。变速器运行范围状态在固定比例运行和连续可变模式运行之间通过激活或解除激活特定的离合器来切换。控制系统可运行以基于多种标准使用通过控制系统执行的算法和校准来确定特定的变速器运行模式,且在本发明的范围之外。变速器的运行范围状态的选择主要取决于操作者转矩要求TO_REQ和动力总成满足输出转矩要求的能力。
参考表1且再次参考图3,低范围运行状态包括离合器C2、C1和C4的选择促动,从而便于在连续可变模式1和固定档位GR1和GR2中的任一个中的运行。高范围运行状态包括选择促动离合器C2、C3和C4,从而便于在连续可变模式2和固定档位GR3和GR4中的任一个中的运行。对于模式1和模式2的连续可变运行的范围可重叠。
响应于操作者的动作,如通过UI 13所捕获到,监管HCP控制模块5和一个或多个其他控制模块确定了待在轴64处执行的操作者转矩要求TO_REQ。最终车辆加速度由其他因素影响,包括例如道路载荷,道路坡度和车辆质量。运行模式基于动力总成的多种运行特征来确定,以用于典型的变速器。这包括典型地通过输入到UI 13而通信的操作者对于转矩的要求,如前所述。另外,用于输出转矩的要求根据外部条件预测,例如包括道路坡度、道路表面情况或风载荷。运行模式可以根据动力总成转矩要求预测,该转矩要求通过以电能生成模式或以转矩生成模式运行电机器的控制模块指令导致。运行模式可以通过优化算法或程序确定,该优化算法或程序可运行以基于操作者对于动力的要求、电池充电状态和发动机14和MG-A 56和MG-B 72的能量效率确定最优系统效率。控制系统基于所执行的优化程序的结果管理了来自发动机14和MG-A 56和MG-B 72的转矩输入,且进行系统优化以优化系统的效率来改进燃料经济性和管理电池充电。此外,运行可以基于部件或系统内的故障来确定。HCP 5监测了转矩生成设备的参数状态且确定了为实现希望的转矩输出所要求的变速器的输出,如在下文中描述。在HCP 5的指导下,变速器10在从慢到快的输出速度范围内运行,以满足操作者要求。
现在参考图4至图9,参考在图1、图2和图3中描述的典型的动力总成描述了混合动力动力总成的控制运行。特别地参考图4,在此描述的方法和系统包括策略控制优化(方框110)的方面,其中优选的或希望的运行范围状态(Op_RangeDES)主要基于轴64的输出速度No和操作者转矩要求TO_REQ选择。策略控制的输出包括优选的或希望的运行范围状态(“Op_RangeDES”)和希望的输入速度(“NI_DES”),它们每个输入到换档执行控制方框120。用于策略优化和控制典型的动力总成的总体结构的其他方面在其名称为“Control architecture foroptimization and control of a hybrid powertrainsystem”的共同待决的美国专利申请11/561,140(律师案号No.GP-308478-PTH-CD)中描述,在此通过参考将其合并且不需要在此描述。另外的细节可以在共同转让的共同待决的其名称为“Control architecture for selection of optimal mode orgear and input speed for a hybrid powertrain system”的美国专利申请No.11/561,156(律师案号No.GP-308470-PTH-CD)中描述,在此将其通过参考完整合并。方法包括如下的作为一个或多个算法在分布式控制模块结构的控制模块中执行的步骤。方法包括监测变速器的典型地为NO的输出,在轴64处的操作者转矩要求TO_REQ,和可利用电池电力PBAT_MIN和PBAT_MAX。至少一个参考表1描述的可允许的运行范围状态被识别出。确定对于可允许的范围状态的每个的转矩范围。计算用于在所确定的转矩范围的每个内运行的成本,且基于计算出的对于每个确定的转矩范围的成本将确定的转矩范围的一个选择为优选的运行范围状态。动力总成在下文中被控制为优选的运行范围状态。
现在参考图5,功能性方框图详述了图4的策略控制方框110且描绘了到策略管理器部分220的输入NO和TO_REQ,该策略管理器部分220具有到系统约束部分240和优化部分260的输出。系统约束部分240的输出被输入到优化部分260。优化部分260的输出被输入到换档稳定和裁决部分280,该部分280具有包括优选的运行范围状态OP_RangeDES和希望的输入速度NI_DES的输出。
现在参考图6,策略管理器部分220包括通过UI 13的典型地为转矩要求的操作者输入和其他输入,将在下文中描述的成本结构信息和原始策略输入,原始策略输入包括与混合动力动力总成运行条件相关的原始信号,包括那些涉及ESD 74的。来自策略管理器部分220的输出包括成本结构信息(COST),包括变速器输出速度NO的策略输入,可利用电池动力PBAT_MIN和PBAT_MAX的范围和操作者转矩要求TO_REQ
现在参考图7,现在描述策略系统约束部分240的详细描述。输出速度NO输入到策略速度约束部分230。速度限制部分230确定了用于在每个连续可变模式(即NI_MIN_M1、NI_MAX_M1、NI_MIN_M2和NI_MAX_M2)中运行的最小和最大输入速度。最小和最大输入速度,可利用电池电力PBAT_MIN和PBAT_MAX和操作者转矩要求TO_REQ输出到策略系统约束部分250,该策略系统约束部分250基于当前运行约束(特别是输出速度NO)确定了到用于混合动力运行范围状态(即GR1、GR2、GR3、GR4、M1_Eng_off、M1_Eng_On、M2_Eng_Off和M2_Eng_On)的每个的策略优化部分260的输入。存在来自部分250的三个输出通道242、244、246,它们供给了输入以优化部分260。在此发明中,输出路径244提供了相关系统约束信息,包括具有用于固定档位运行((即GR1、GR2、GR3和GR4)的每个的最小和最大输入转矩(TI_MIN和TI_MAX)的形式的转矩值范围。此信息通信到部分260的部分270、272、274和276的每个。
现在参考图8,现在描述了策略优化部分260。从部分240输出到策略优化部分260的可允许的混合动力运行范围状态用于识别优化部分270、272、274和276的哪个被执行。部分262、264、270、272、274和276包括优化部分,且部分266和268包括估计部分,其中优化运行成本(PCOST)对于可允许运行范围状态的每个基于前述的输入确定,包括前述的涉及可驾驶性的转矩值范围和成本、燃料经济性、排放和电池寿命。优化运行成本优选地包括在可获得的转矩范围内在动力总成的运行点处的最小运行成本或对于每个运行范围状态的速度值。
现在参考图9,描述了确定优选运行条件的方法,该优选运动条件用于在固定档位模式运行范围状态(即GR1、GR2、GR3和GR4的任何一个)内运行典型的动力总成。包括最小和最大输入转矩TI_MIN和TI_MAX的到变速器的可允许输入转矩值的范围从部分244输入到部分360,用于块270、272、274和276的每个。方框360包括一维搜索引擎(“1D Search Engine”),它反复地在可允许输入转矩的范围内生成用于输入转矩[TI]j的状态值,以用于在反复的循环366中执行。下标“j”表示特定的反复,且其值在1至n的范围内。反复数量n可以通过在搜索引擎内的或作为总体方法的部分的多个方法的任一个生成。
用于输入转矩的状态值[TI]j是到系统方程362的输入,该系统方程362包括从中确定了用于马达转矩TA的最优状态值的一维优化方程。用于马达转矩TB的状态值基于为马达转矩TA确定的最优状态值来确定。马达转矩TA和TB和输入转矩TI输入到成本方程364,该方程计算了成本(PCOST)j以用于运行典型的动力总成来实现特定的输出转矩。成本确定的每个反复在搜索引擎360内取决于搜索引擎360的规格而被返回和捕获或分析。搜索引擎36反复地计算用于成本的值(PCOST)j且识别了优选的成本,该成本包括对于所有在此实施例中反复地计算的值的最小成本。优选的成本和相应的用于输入转矩的值[TI、PCOST]PREF从方框270、272、274和276的每个输出到方框280,且包括对于固定传动比的每个的优选的成本。
方法包括确定可允许输入转矩TI_MIN到TI_MAX的范围。可允许输入转矩包括与特定的发动机实施例相关的实际约束且基于所使用的特定的发动机的运行特征,带有涉及燃料稳定性和燃料切断的极限。可允许变速器输入转矩和“n”个反复的量优选地通过用于档位GR1、GR2、GR3和GR4的每个的线路244输入到部分360,该部分360包括部分270、272、274、276的每个的元件,且包括来自部分240的输出,如上所述。
可允许的输入转矩TI_MIN和TI_MAX的范围包括边界条件,该边界条件输入到包括了反复的搜索循环366的一维搜索引擎360。一维搜索引擎包括在控制模块的一个中作为算法执行的数个已知方法的任一个,其可运行以在可允许值的范围内生成用于TI的状态值,将状态值[TI]j输出到反复循环366以确定相关的成本(PCOST)j,和在搜索引擎360内估计结果,即[TI,PCOST]j。搜索引擎通过将来自每个反复的结果与事先确定的结果进行比较而确定了优选的结果,即[TI,PCOST]PREF。当优选的结果包括用于相关成本的最小值时,引擎360选择且捕获且存储了结果的较低的值且事先确定了结果。当搜索引擎已在对于TI的状态值范围内执行了搜索时,最终捕获的结果包括优选的结果[TI,PCOST]PREF,该结果然后输出到方框280。
一维搜索引擎360可以包括数个已知的在用于TI的可允许的值的范围内可运行以反复地生成用于TI的值的搜索引擎的任一个。例如,一个这样的搜索引擎反复地在可允许的输入转矩TI_MIN至TI_MAX的整个范围内生成输入。例如,另一个搜索引擎包括启发式采样搜索过程,其中基于事先确定的用于TI和PCOST的状态值确定了用于TI的状态值以用于系统方程的输入(方框362)。一维搜索方法解决查询低于当前点处的值的目标函数的值(即成本方程的输出)的优化问题。无论利用哪种搜索引擎,它都作为算法而常驻在用于在车辆的正在进行的运行期间执行的控制模块的一个内。
用于输入转矩(TI)j的每个状态值是到系统方程方框362的输入,从输入确定了用于马达转矩TA和TB的状态值。在MG-A和MG-B之间的转矩关系在方程1和2中确定如下:
T B = d 11 d 12 d 13 d 14 * T I T A T O · N I - - - [ 1 ]
T A = g 11 g 12 g 13 g 14 * T I T A T O · N I - - - [ 2 ]
其中TI是由发动机14生成的输入转矩,TO是变速器输出转矩,即要求的输出转矩TO_REQ,TA和TB是用于MG-A 56和MG-B 72的运行转矩,NI表示了变速器输入速度NI的时间-速度改变,且d11、d12、d13、d14和g11、g12、g13、g14是已知的标量值,它们对于特定应用的固定的档位的每个被确定。在此应用中,当变速器输出转矩TO已知时,存在两个自由度,即TI和TA,以此可将TB优化和确定,或存在TI和TB两个自由度,以此可将TA优化和确定,这取决于固定的档位运行范围状态。
系统方程(方框362)在两个部分内运行以确定用于TI的优选的或最优的值。在第一部分中,用于TA的最优值对于用于TI的每个反复值确定或在可允许的输入转矩TI_MIN和TI_MAX的范围内确定,且基于电池电力PBAT的最小化,以运行电动马达MG-A和MG-B,这可以包括预先确定的校准或一维优化搜寻。转矩TB基于优化的TA使用以上的方程1和方程2的一个计算。因此,系统降低到单自由度,即TI,通过它可优化TA且可确定TB,或通过它可优化TB且可确定TA
对于TI选择的状态值和对于TA优化的值和对于马达转矩TB计算的状态值都输入到成本方程(方框364)以计算成本PCOST,该成本PCOST与对于TI的选择的状态值相关。输入转矩和成本[TI,PCOST]j通过搜寻循环输入回到部分360,该部分360在可允许的输入转矩TI的范围内反复地执行了一维搜寻方法,以收敛到优选的或优化的用于成本的值PCOST。用于成本的优化值PCOST优选地是最小成本值。
使用在成本函数364内的成本信息优选地包括运行成本,该运行成本一般地对于所确定的转矩范围基于涉及车辆可驾驶性、燃料经济性、排放和电池寿命的因素确定。此外,在此发明中的成本被指定到仅电力消耗和与电力消耗相关,该电力消耗与用于车辆的动力总成系统的特定的运行点相关。较低的运行成本一般地与较低的电池电力使用和较低的用于运行点的排放相关,且考虑到动力总成系统的当前的运行范围状态。优化的运行成本(PCOST)可以通过计算总的动力总成系统损失确定,包括总系统动力损失和成本惩罚,例如可以与控制电池充电状态相关。总系统动力损失包括基于电气系统内的损失的项(例如导线阻抗和开关和螺线管损失)和热损失。其他损失包括电机器动力损失和内部电池动力损失。其他因素也可以考虑,包括涉及由于ESD 74的放电深度导致的电池寿命的因素,当前的环境温度和它们对于电池充电状态的影响。运行成本优选地相对于特定的动力总成/车辆应用在车辆校准预生产期间建立。用于确定发动机动力损失的典型的方法在其名称为“Coststructure method including fuel economy and engine emissionconsideration”的共同转让的美国专利申请No 2005/0256633 A2中描述,其内容在此通过参考合并。
优选的运行范围因此基于成本识别,包括花费了最小成本的优选的输入转矩。来自MA和MB的可允许马达转矩的范围可以基于可允许的输入转矩的范围,基于可利用电池电力来确定。这导致确定了基于优选的输入转矩的优选的固定档位运行范围。
本发明已参考实施例及其修改特定地描述。在阅读和理解了说明书时,其他人可以想到进一步的修改和替代。意图包括所有这样的修改和替代,只要它们在本发明的范围内。

Claims (20)

1.一种用于运行动力总成的方法,该动力总成包括内燃机和第一和第二电机器和选择地可运行以在它们之间传递转矩的机电变速器的,方法包括:
确定从内燃机到机电变速器的可允许输入转矩的范围;
从可允许转矩的范围反复地选择用于输入转矩的状态;
基于所选择的用于输入转矩的状态优化来自第一电机器的马达转矩输出;
基于优化的来自第一电机器的马达转矩输出确定来自第二电机器的马达转矩输出;
对于反复地选择的用于输入转矩的状态和来自第一和第二电机器的马达转矩的每个计算成本;和
基于多个成本识别优选的输入转矩。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中基于多个成本识别优选的运行范围包括识别花费了最小成本的用于输入转矩的状态值。
3.根据权利要求1所述的方法,进一步包括基于可允许输入转矩的范围从第一和第二电机器的每个确定可允许马达转矩的范围。
4.根据权利要求3所述的方法,其中基于可利用电池电力确定来自第一和第二电机器的每个的可允许马达转矩的范围。
5.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中基于变速器的输出速度和操作者转矩要求确定可允许输入转矩范围。
6.根据权利要求1所述的方法,进一步包括基于优选的输入转矩确定优选的运行范围状态。
7.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中反复地选择用于输入转矩的状态值包括:执行一维搜索引擎以在可允许输入转矩的范围内生成用于输入转矩的状态值。
8.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中每个成本基于发动机燃料消耗和与输入转矩相关的电池电力成本和用于第一和第二电机器的马达转矩计算。
9.根据权利要求1所述的方法,进一步包括以固定档位运行范围状态运行动力总成的机电变速器。
10.根据权利要求9所述的方法,进一步包括基于多个成本识别优选的固定档位运行范围状态。
11.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中基于用于输入转矩的选择的状态优化来自第一电机器的马达转矩输出包括基于用于输入转矩的选择的状态选择来自第一电机器的马达转矩输出,以最小化运行第一和第二电机器的电池电力。
12.一种识别用于以固定档位运行范围状态运行动力总成的优选运行条件的方法,动力总成包括内燃机和第一和第二电机器和选择地可运行以在它们之间传递转矩的机电变速器,方法包括:
确定可允许的输入转矩的范围;
确定多个成本,每个成本基于选择的可允许输入转矩;和
基于多个成本识别优选的输入转矩。
13.根据权利要求12所述的方法,进一步包括识别用于以固定档位运行范围状态运行动力总成的优选的运行条件以大体上满足操作者转矩要求。
14.根据权利要求12所述的方法,其中确定多个成本,每个成本基于选择的可允许输入转矩,进一步包括:
从可允许输入转矩范围内对于输入转矩反复地选择状态值;
基于用于输入转矩的选择的状态值的每个确定来自第一电机器的最优马达转矩;
基于用于输入转矩的选择的状态值和来自第一电机器的最优马达转矩确定来自第二电机器的马达转矩;和
对于每个用于输入转矩的反复地选择的状态值,来自第一电机器的最优马达转矩,和由其确定的来自第二电机器的马达转矩确定成本。
15.根据权利要求14所述的方法,其中用于输入转矩反复地选择状态值包括:执行一维搜索引擎以在可允许输入转矩的范围中生成用于输入转矩的状态值。
16.根据权利要求14所述的方法,其中确定来自第二电机器的马达转矩包括基于用于输入转矩的选择的状态值和对于来自第一电机器的马达转矩的选择的状态值执行系统方程。
17.根据权利要求14所述的方法,进一步包括基于用于输入转矩的选择的状态值的每个确定来自第一电机器的最优马达转矩,以最小化运行第一和第二电机器的电池电力。
18.一种设备,包括:
分布式控制模块结构,包括:多个运行地连接到动力总成的控制模块,动力总成包括内燃机和第一和第二电机器和选择地运行地在它们之间传递转矩的机电变速器,所述的变速器可在多个固定档位运行范围状态的一个中通过选择地促动多个转矩传递离合器而选择地运行;此控制模块适合于执行包含在其内的多个算法以实现如下步骤,算法包括:
确定从内燃机到机电变速器的可允许输入转矩的范围的代码;
从可允许转矩范围反复地选择用于输入转矩的状态的代码;
基于用于输入转矩的选择的状态优化来自第一电机器的马达转矩输出的代码;
基于来自第一电机器的优化的马达转矩输出确定来自第二电机器的马达转矩输出的代码;
对于用于输入转矩反复地选择的状态和来自第一和第二电机器的马达转矩的每个计算成本的代码;
基于多个成本识别优选的输入转矩的代码;和
选择优选的固定档位运行范围状态的代码。
19.根据权利要求18所述的设备,其中基于用于输入转矩的选择的状态优化来自第一电机器的马达转矩输出的代码包括基于用于输入转矩的选择的状态选择来自第一电机器的马达转矩输出的代码以最小化运行第一和第二电机器的电池动力。
20.根据权利要求18所述的设备,其中反复地选择用于输入转矩的状态值的代码包括执行一维搜索引擎以在可允许输入转矩的范围内生成用于输入转矩的状态值的代码。
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