CN101260934B - 换档过程中控制电动液压变速器的装置与方法 - Google Patents

换档过程中控制电动液压变速器的装置与方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN101260934B
CN101260934B CN2007101413054A CN200710141305A CN101260934B CN 101260934 B CN101260934 B CN 101260934B CN 2007101413054 A CN2007101413054 A CN 2007101413054A CN 200710141305 A CN200710141305 A CN 200710141305A CN 101260934 B CN101260934 B CN 101260934B
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torque
operator scheme
gear
drive ratio
fixed drive
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CN101260934A (zh
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J·-J·F·萨
L·A·卡明斯基
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GM Global Technology Operations LLC
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GM Global Technology Operations LLC
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W20/00—Control systems specially adapted for hybrid vehicles
    • B60W20/20—Control strategies involving selection of hybrid configuration, e.g. selection between series or parallel configuration
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/36—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings
    • B60K6/365—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings with the gears having orbital motion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
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    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/40—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the assembly or relative disposition of components
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/44—Series-parallel type
    • B60K6/445—Differential gearing distribution type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/50—Architecture of the driveline characterised by arrangement or kind of transmission units
    • B60K6/54—Transmission for changing ratio
    • B60K6/547—Transmission for changing ratio the transmission being a stepped gearing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W10/00—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
    • B60W10/02—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of driveline clutches
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W10/00—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
    • B60W10/10—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of change-speed gearings
    • B60W10/11—Stepped gearings
    • B60W10/115—Stepped gearings with planetary gears
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • B60K1/02—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units comprising more than one electric motor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W20/00—Control systems specially adapted for hybrid vehicles
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
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    • F16H37/02—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings
    • F16H37/06—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts
    • F16H37/08—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing
    • F16H37/0833—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts, i.e. with two or more internal power paths
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    • F16H2037/0866—Power split variators with distributing differentials, with the output of the CVT connected or connectable to the output shaft
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F16H37/06—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts
    • F16H37/08—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing
    • F16H37/10—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing at both ends of intermediate shafts
    • F16H2037/102—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing at both ends of intermediate shafts the input or output shaft of the transmission is connected or connectable to two or more differentials
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F16H37/06—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts
    • F16H37/08—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing
    • F16H37/10—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing at both ends of intermediate shafts
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F16H37/02—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings
    • F16H37/06—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts
    • F16H37/08—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing
    • F16H37/10—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing at both ends of intermediate shafts
    • F16H2037/105—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing at both ends of intermediate shafts characterised by number of modes or ranges, e.g. for compound gearing
    • F16H2037/106—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing at both ends of intermediate shafts characterised by number of modes or ranges, e.g. for compound gearing with switching means to provide two variator modes or ranges
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F16H2200/20—Transmissions using gears with orbital motion
    • F16H2200/2002—Transmissions using gears with orbital motion characterised by the number of sets of orbital gears
    • F16H2200/201—Transmissions using gears with orbital motion characterised by the number of sets of orbital gears with three sets of orbital gears
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F16H2200/20—Transmissions using gears with orbital motion
    • F16H2200/203—Transmissions using gears with orbital motion characterised by the engaging friction means not of the freewheel type, e.g. friction clutches or brakes
    • F16H2200/2041—Transmissions using gears with orbital motion characterised by the engaging friction means not of the freewheel type, e.g. friction clutches or brakes with four engaging means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H3/00—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion
    • F16H3/44—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion
    • F16H3/72—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion with a secondary drive, e.g. regulating motor, in order to vary speed continuously
    • F16H3/727—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion with a secondary drive, e.g. regulating motor, in order to vary speed continuously with at least two dynamo electric machines for creating an electric power path inside the gearing, e.g. using generator and motor for a variable power torque path
    • F16H3/728—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion with a secondary drive, e.g. regulating motor, in order to vary speed continuously with at least two dynamo electric machines for creating an electric power path inside the gearing, e.g. using generator and motor for a variable power torque path with means to change ratio in the mechanical gearing
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/62—Hybrid vehicles

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Control Of Transmission Device (AREA)
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Abstract

本发明涉及换档过程中控制电动液压变速器的装置与方法，并具体地提供一种选择性地启动双模式、复合分解、机电变速器中的多个离合器的方法、制品和控制系统。该方法包括执行从第一操作模式至第二操作模式的换档操作并且监控换档中断标准。执行修改的换档操作，以控制变速器换档进入能有效满足操作者对输出转矩的需求的第三操作模式。典型的变速器具有四个固定传动比模式和两个无级变速模式。优选的换档中断标准包括：监控操作者对输出转矩的需求；识别在能有效地便于在第二操作模式中操作的待接合转矩传递装置中故障的出现；监控用于管理来自多个转矩生成装置的转矩输入的优化程序。

Description

换档过程中控制电动液压变速器的装置与方法
技术领域
本发明一般涉及用于动力系的动力系控制系统，该动力系具有机电变速器，更特别地是涉及变速器换档过程中的动力系控制。 
背景技术
动力系结构包括转矩生成装置，其包括内燃机和电机，该装置通过变速器装置将转矩传递至车辆传动系统。一个这种变速器包括双模式、复合分解、机电变速器，其利用用于接收来自主动力源的驱动转矩的输入元件(典型地为内燃机)，以及用于将来自变速器的驱动转矩传送至车辆传动系统的输出元件。电机，操作性地连接至电能存储装置，包括独立于从内燃机输入的转矩可操作地产生用于输入变速器的驱动转矩的电动/发电机。电机可进一步操作以将通过车辆传动系统传递的车辆动能转化至电能电势，该电能电势可存储在电能存储装置中。控制系统监控各种来自车辆和操作者的输入，并且提供动力系统的操作控制，包括控制变速器换档，控制转矩生成装置，以及调整在电能存储装置和电机之间的电力交换。 
实现具有电动变速器的动力系统的工程师担负开发各种操作模式间的换档策略的任务，其中包括固定档位模式和无级变速模式。在换档执行过程中，操作条件会改变，该操作条件迫使换档执行的中断。在换档中断过程中，有必要保持对变速器输出的控制，以确保操作者不因此受到不利的影响。 
因此，需要在换档过程中控制包含机电变速器的动力系统运行的装置和方法，以解决在上文中所提及的问题。 
发明内容
为了解决上文中所提出的问题，提供一种装置，以实现在从典型动力系的变速器装置中断换档后控制转矩输出的方法。 
根据本发明，提供了一种装置，包括具有在其中编码的计算机程序的存储介质，该计算机程序用于实现选择性地启动变速器装置中的多个 转矩传递装置的方法，该变速器装置可操作以接收来自多个装置的转矩输入，并且可操作以从中传送输出转矩。该方法包括执行从第一操作模式至第二操作模式的换档操作，并且监控换档中断标准。执行修改的换档操作，以控制变速器换档进入能有效地基本上满足操作者对输出转矩的需求的第三操作模式，包括当满足一个换档中断标准时，换档进入第三操作模式。 
本发明的一方面包括变速器装置，该变速器装置包括双模式、复合分解、机电变速器，该变速器具有四个转矩传递装置，其中，该变速器可在四个固定传动比模式和两个无级变速模式之一中操作。变速器装置可操作地连接至多个转矩生成装置，该转矩生成装置包括第一和第二电机以及内燃机。 
在阅读和理解以下对实施例的详细说明的基础上，本发明的这些和其他方面对本领域技术人员而言将变得显而易见。 
附图说明
本发明可以在某些部件和部件的布置中采用物理形态，其中的优选实施例将作详细描述，并且显示在构成其中一部分的附图中，并且其中： 
图1为根据本发明的典型动力系的示意图； 
图2为根据本发明的用于控制系统与动力系的典型结构的示意图； 
图3为根据本发明的典型数据曲线； 
图4为根据本发明的逻辑流程图；以及 
图5为根据本发明的典型数据曲线。 
具体实施方式
现参照附图，其中所示的仅用于示例本发明的目的，并不用于限制本发明的目的，图1和2描绘了包括发动机14，变速器10，控制系统和传动系的系统，该传动系已经根据本发明的实施例构造。 
典型变速器10的机械特征在普通转让的名称为“具有四个固定传动比的双模式、复合分解、混合机电变速器”，序列号为No.6953409的美国专利中详细公开，其作为参考合并到此处。体现了本发明概念的典型双模式、复合分解、机电混合变速器在图1中作了描绘，并且通常 由数字10表示。变速器10具有优选地由发动机14直接驱动的输入轴12。瞬态转矩阻尼器20结合在发动机14的输出轴18和变速器10的输入元件12之间。瞬态转矩阻尼器20优选地包括转矩传递装置77，该转矩传递装置具有阻尼机构和弹簧的特性，分别显示为78和79。瞬态转矩阻尼器20允许发动机14与变速器10选择性的接合，但必须理解地是，转矩传递装置77不用于改变或控制变速器10的操作模式。转矩传递装置77优选地包括液力驱动的摩擦离合器，称之为离合器C5。 
发动机14可以是众多形式内燃机中的任意一种，例如点燃式发动机或压燃式发动机，容易适宜于在操作速度范围内(从怠速即在或接近600转/分钟(RPM)至超过6000RPM)提供动力输出至变速器10。发动机14连接至输入元件12，该输入元件连接至变速器10中的行星齿轮组24。 
现特别参照图1，变速器10利用三个行星齿轮组24，26和28。第一行星齿轮组24具有外齿圈元件30，该外齿圈元件围绕内齿轮元件或太阳轮元件32。多个行星齿轮元件34可旋转地安装在行星架36上，以使得每个行星齿轮元件34啮合地接合外齿轮元件30和内齿轮元件32。 
第二行星齿轮组26也具有外齿圈元件38，该外齿圈元件围绕内太阳轮元件40。多个行星齿轮元件42可旋转地安装至行星架44上，以使得每个行星齿轮42啮合地接合外齿轮元件38和内齿轮元件40。 
第三行星齿轮组28也具有外齿圈元件46，该外齿圈元件围绕内太阳轮元件48。多个行星齿轮元件50可旋转地安装至行星架52上，以使得每个行星齿轮50啮合地接合外齿轮元件46和内齿轮元件48。 
三个行星齿轮组24，26和28每个均包括简单行星齿轮组。而且，第一和第二行星齿轮组24和26组合，因为第一行星齿轮组24的内齿轮元件32通过毂衬齿轮54连接至第二行星齿轮组26的外齿轮元件38。连接的第一行星齿轮组24的内齿轮元件32和第二行星齿轮组26的外齿轮元件38连接至第一电机，该第一电机包括电动/发动机56，也称之为“MG-A”。 
行星齿轮组24和26进一步组合，因为第一行星齿轮组24的行星架36通过轴60连接至第二行星齿轮组26的行星架44。如此，第一和第二行星齿轮组24和26的行星架36和44分别连接。轴60也选择性地通过转矩传递装置62连接至第三行星齿轮组28的行星架52，该转矩 传递装置如将在下文中更全面说明的那样用于辅助变速器10的操作模式的选择。第三行星齿轮组28的行星架52直接连接至变速器输出元件64。 
在此描述的实施例中，变速器10用于陆地车辆，输出元件64可操作地连接至传动系90，该传动系包括齿轮箱或其他转矩传递装置，该转矩传递装置将转矩提供至一个或多个车轴或半轴。轴在驱动元件中终止，该驱动元件可以是安装轴的车辆的前轮或后轮，或它们可以是履带式车辆的传动齿轮。 
第二行星齿轮组26的内齿轮元件40通过套轴66连接至第三行星齿轮组28的内齿轮元件48，该套轴围绕轴60。第三行星齿轮组28的外齿轮元件46选择性地通过转矩传递装置70连接至由变速器壳体68代表的地。转矩传递装置70，也如在下文中说明的，也用于辅助变速器10的操作模式的选择。套轴66也连接至第二电机，该电机包括电动/发电机72，称之为MG-B。 
所有的行星齿轮组24，26和28以及MG-A 56和MG-B 72优选地同轴定位，如围绕轴向布置的轴60。MG-A 56和MG-B 72均是环形结构，该环形结构允许它们围绕三个行星齿轮组24，26和28，以使得行星齿轮组24，26和28布置在MG-A 56和MG-B 72的径向内侧。 
转矩传递装置73选择性地将太阳轮40与地，即与变速器壳体68连接起来。转矩传递装置，即C4 75，可作为锁止离合器运行，通过选择性地连接太阳轮40与行星架44，而锁止行星齿轮组24，26，MG-A 56和MG-B 72以及输入，以使其作为整体旋转。转矩传递装置62，70，73，75均优选地为摩擦离合器，分别称之为如下：离合器C1 70，离合器C2 62，离合器C3 73，以及离合器C4 75。当启动相应的离合器控制电磁线圈时，每个离合器优选地液压启动，接收来自泵的加压液压液。每个离合器的液压启动通过使用具有多个液压电磁线圈和流量管理阀的液压液回路实现，这些在此不作详细说明。 
作为由燃料或存储在电能存储装置(ESD)74中的电势的能量转换结果，变速器10接收来自转矩生成装置(包括发动机14和MG-A 56与MG-B 72)的输入驱动转矩。ESD74典型地包括一个或更多电池。在不改变本发明的原理的情况下，其他具有存储电力和分配电力能力的电能和电化学能存储装置可以用来代替电池。ESD74优选地基于一些因素 来设计尺寸，这些因素包括再生需求，与典型道路坡度和温度相关的应用问题，以及例如排放、功率辅助和电力行程的驱动需求。ESD74为经由DC线或传递导线27连接至变速器功率逆变器模块(‘TPIM’)19的高压DC耦合。TPIM 19为关于图2在下文中描述的控制系统的元件。TPIM 19通过传递导线29与第一电机56相连通，并且TPIM 19同样通过传递导线31与第二电机72相连通。电流根据ESD 74是充电或放电，可传送至ESD 74或取自ESD 74。TPIM 19包括功率逆变器对和配置成接收电机控制命令并为提供电机驱动或再生功能而由此控制逆变器状态的各电机控制模块。 
在电动控制中，各逆变器接收来自DC线的电流，并且通过传递导线29和31将AC电流提供给各电机，即，MG-A和MG-B。在再生控制中，各逆变器通过传递导线29和31接收来自电机的AC电流，并且将电流提供给DC线27。提供给逆变器或从逆变器获取的净DC电流决定了电能存储装置74的充电或放电操作模式。优选地，MG-A 56和MG-B72为三相AC电机，并且逆变器包括互补的三相功率电子器件。
再次参照图1，驱动齿轮80可以是由输入元件12驱动。如描绘的，驱动齿轮80将输入元件12固定连接至第一行星齿轮组24的外齿轮元件30，并且因此，驱动齿轮80接收来自发动机14和/或通过行星齿轮组24和/或26接收来自电机56和/或72的功率。驱动齿轮80啮合地接合换向齿轮82，该齿轮又啮合地接合传动齿轮84，该传动齿轮固定至轴86的一端，该轴又固定至液压/变速器流体泵88。 
现参照图2，显示了包括分布式控制模块结构的控制系统的示意性结构图。在下文中描述的元件包括整车控制结构的子系统，以及可操作以提供在此描述的动力系统的协调系统控制。控制系统可操作以综合相关信息和输入，并且执行算法，以控制各种执行元件实现控制目标，其中包括以下参数，如燃油经济性，排放，性能，操作性和包括MG-A 56、MG-B 72以及ESD 74的电池的硬件的保护。分布式控制模块结构包括发动机控制模块(‘ECM’)23，变速器控制模块(‘TCM’)17，电池组控制模块(‘BPCM’)21，以及变速器功率逆变器模块(‘TPIM’)19。混合控制模块(‘HCP’)5提供整体控制及前述控制模块的协调。用户界面(‘UI’)13可操作地连接至多个装置，利用这些装置，车辆操作者典型地通过包括变速器10的转矩需求来控制或引导动力系的操 作。典型的车辆操作者向UI 13的输入包括加速踏板，制动踏板，变速器档位选择，以及车速巡航控制。前述控制模块的每一个均经由局域网(‘LAN’)总线6与其他控制模块，传感器和执行元件相连通。LAN总线6允许在各种控制模块之间进行控制参数和命令的结构化通讯。所利用的特定通讯协议为专用的。LAN总线和合适的协议提供前述控制模块以及提供例如防抱死、牵引力控制以及车辆稳定性功能的其他控制模块之间的稳健通信和多控制模块接口。 
HCP 5提供混合动力系统的整体控制，用于协调ECM 23，TCM 17，TPIM 19以及BPCM 21的运行。基于各种来自UI 13和动力系(包括电池组)的输入信号，HCP 5产生各种命令，包括：操作者转矩，发动机转矩命令，变速器10的各种离合器C1，C2，C3，C4的离合器转矩命令，以及电机转矩命令。 
ECM 23可操作地连接至发动机14，并且用于从各种传感器获取数据，并通过以排线35共同显示的多条分散的线分别控制发动机14的各种执行元件。ECM 23接收来自HCP 5的发动机转矩命令，并且产生需求的轴转矩和输入至变速器的实际发动机转矩的指示，该指示传输至HCP 5。为简单起见，ECM 23通常显示为具有经由排线35连接发动机14的双向接口。可以由ECM 23感测到的各种其他参数包括发动机冷却剂温度，发动机对连接变速器的轴12的输入转速(NI)，歧管压力，环境空气温度，以及环境压力。可以由ECM 23控制的各种执行元件包括燃油喷射器，点火模块，以及节气门控制模块。 
TCM 17可操作地连接至变速器10，并且用于从各种传感器获取数据，并向变速器提供命令信号。从TCM 17至HCP 5的输入包括估测的每个离合器C1，C2，C3和C4的离合器转矩以及输出轴64的转速NO。为了控制目的，其他执行元件和传感器可以用于从TCM向HCP提供额外信息。 
BPCM 21信号地连接一个或更多传感器，这些传感器可操作以监控ESD 74的电流或电压参数，以向HCP 5提供关于电池状态的信息。这些信息包括电池荷电状态，电池电压和可获得的电池功率。 
变速器功率逆变器模块(TPIM)19包括功率逆变器对和配置成接收电机控制命令并控制逆变器状态以提供电机驱动或再生功能的电机控制模块。TPIM 19基于来自HCP 5的输入，可操作以产生用于MG-A 56 和MG-B 72的转矩命令，HCP 5通过UI 13和系统运行参数由操作者的输入驱动。用于MG-A 56和MG-B 72的电机转矩命令由包括TPIM 19的控制系统实现，以控制MG-A和MG-B。MG-A和MG-B的单独的电机速度信号分别由TPIM 19从电机相位信息或传统转速传感器获得。TPIM 19决定电机转速，并将其传输至HCP 5。电能存储装置74为经由DC线27连接至TPIM 19的高压DC耦合。根据ESD 74是充电还是放电，电流传送至TPIM 19或由TPIM 19流出。 
每个前述控制模块优选地为通用目的的数字计算机，该计算机通常包括微处理器或中央处理单元，包括只读存储器(ROM)、随机存取存储器(RAM)、电可编程只读存储器(EPROM)的存储介质，高速时钟，模数(A/D)和数模(D/A)电路，输入/输出电路和装置(I/O)以及合适的信号调节和缓冲电路。每个控制模块具有一套控制算法，其包括存储在ROM中的常驻程序命令和标定，并且执行以提供每个计算机的各自功能。在各计算机之间的信息传递优选地使用前述LAN 6完成。 
每个控制模块中的控制算法和状态估计典型地在预定循环过程中执行，以使得每个算法在每个循环中至少执行一次。存储在非易失性存储装置中的算法由中心处理单元中的一个执行，并且使用预定标定，可操作以监控来自传感装置的输入，执行控制和诊断程序，以控制各个装置的运行。循环典型地以规则时间间隔，例如每3.125，6.25，12.5，25和100毫秒，在正在运行的发动机和车辆操作过程中执行。可选择地，算法可以响应于事件发生而执行。 
响应于如由UI 13所捕获的操作者的行为，管理的HCP控制模块5以及其他控制模块的一个或更多决定轴64处的需求输出转矩，也称之为操作者转矩需求。合适地控制和操纵变速器10的选择性操作的部件，以用于响应操作者需求。例如，在图1和2中示出的典型实施例，当操作者选择了前进档范围，并且操作了加速踏板或制动踏板时，HCP 5确定输出转矩，该输出转矩对如何以及何时进行车辆加速或减速起作用。最终的车辆加速受其他因素影响，包括例如道路负载，道路坡度以及车重。HCP 5监控转矩生成装置的参数状态，并且确定满足达到需求转矩输出的变速器的输出。 
双模式、复合分解、机电变速器包括输出元件64，该输出元件通过变速器10中的两个不同的齿轮系接收输出转矩，并且以参照图1和以 下的表1描述的几种变速器操作模式运行。 
表1 
变速器操作模式            启动的离合器 
模式I                     C1 70 
固定传动比1(GR1)          C1 70             C4 75 
固定传动比2(GR2)          C1 70             C2 62 
模式II                    C2 62 
固定传动比3(GR3)          C2 62             C4 75 
固定传动比4(GR4)          C2 62             C3 73 
在表1中描述的各种变速器操作模式表明对每种操作模式特定离合器C1，C2，C3，C4中的哪一个接合或启动。另外，在各种变速器操作模式中，MG-A和MG-B可以每个均作为电动机运行以产生驱动转矩，或作为发电机运行以产生电能。当为了将第三行星齿轮组28的外齿轮元件46“接地”而启动转矩传递装置70时，选择第一模式或传动机构。当松开转矩传递装置70并且同时启动转矩传递装置62以将轴60连接至第三行星齿轮组28的行星架52时，选择第二模式或传动机构。当电机56，72作为电动机和发电机运行时，本发明范围之外的因素起作用，并且在此不作讨论。 
主要显示于图2中的控制系统可操作以提供在每种操作模式中，从相对慢到相对快的轴64的变速器输出转速NO的范围。在每种模式中具有慢到快输出转速范围的两种模式的组合使得变速器10将车辆从静止状态驱动至高速公路速度，并且满足各种如前所述的其他要求。另外，控制系统协调变速器10的操作，以使得允许在两种模式之间的同步换档。 
第一和第二操作模式指的是这种情况，其中变速器功能由一个离合器，即离合器C1 62或C2 70，以及电机56和72受控的速度和转矩来控制，这也称之为无级变速器模式。以下描述了一定的操作范围，其中固定传动比由应用额外的离合器而实现。该额外的离合器可以是离合器C3 73或C4 75，如以上表中显示的。 
当应用额外的离合器时，实现变速器的输入对输出速度的固定速比，即NI/NO。电机MG-A 56和MG-B 72的旋转取决于由离合所限定的机构的内部旋转并且与在轴12上确定或测量的输入转速NI成比例。电 机MG-A和MG-B工作为电动机或发电机。 
现参照图3，各种变速器操作模式作为图1和2中显示的典型变速器和控制系统的变速器输出速度NO和变速器输入速度NI的函数而绘成图。参照以上表1的描述，对每个特定传动比，GR1，GR2，GR3以及GR4，固定传动比操作显示为单条线。以模式I和模式II每个的操作范围显示无级变速模式。通过启动或解除特定离合器，变速器操作模式在固定传动比操作与无级变速模式操作之间切换。控制系统基于各种标准，使用由控制系统执行的算法和标定，可操作以确定特定变速器操作模式，并且超出了本发明的范围。 
变速器操作模式的选择主要取决于操作者的输入以及动力系满足该输入的能力。再次参照图3和表1，当离合器C1 70和C4 75接合时，第一范围主要落入模式I的操作中。当离合器C2 62和C1 70接合时，第二范围主要落入模式I和模式II中。当离合器C1和C4接合时，在模式I中可获得第一固定传动比。当离合器C1和C2接合时，在模式I中可获得第二固定传动比。当离合器C2 62和C4 75接合时，在模式II中可获得第三固定传动比，并且当离合器C2 62和C3 73接合时，在模式II中可获得第四固定传动比。应该知道地是，模式I和模式II的无级变速操作的第一和第二范围可以重叠。 
以上描述的典型动力系统的输出，由于机械和系统的限制而受到约束。在轴64上测量的变速器的输出速度NO，由于发动机输出速度和在轴12上测量的变速器输入速度NI的限制，以及MG-A和MG-B的速度限制而受到限制。变速器64的输出转矩同样由于发动机输入转矩和在瞬态转矩阻尼器20之后的轴12上测量的输入转矩的限制以及MG-A 56和MG-B 72的转矩限制而受到限制。 
在操作中，由于动力系的各种操作特性而在典型变速器中发生换档。典型地在轴64上监控的转矩的操作者需求中可能发生需求改变。这种需求典型地通过到如前所述的UI 13的输入而传输。另外，对输出转矩的需求的改变能够以外界条件的改变为基础进行预测，例如，外界条件的改变为道路坡度，道路表面条件或风力负载的改变。换档改变能够以动力系转矩需求的改变为基础进行预测，该动力系需求转矩改变由控制模块命令产生，该命令在电能生成模式和转矩生成模式之间改变一个电机。换档改变能够以优化算法或程序的改变为基础进行预测，该优 化算法或程序可操作以基于操作者对功率、电池荷电状态以及发动机14和MG-A 56与MG-B 72的能量效率的需求来确定最优系统效率。控制系统基于执行的优化程序的结果来管理来自发动机14和MG-A 56与MG-B 72的转矩输入，并且可以在系统优化中存在改变，该系统优化的变化为了优化系统效率以提高燃油经济性和管理电池充电而促使换档改变。而且，换档改变能够以部件或系统的故障为基础进行预测。
分布式控制结构协调作用，以确定对变速器操作状态中的改变的需求，并且执行上述操作以实现对档位变化的影响。参照以下的表2，显示了典型变速器中的各种变速器操作模式之间所容许的转换。 
表2 
变速器操作模式       容许的换档选项 
模式I                GR1，GR2，空档 
模式II               GR2，GR3，GR4，空档 
GR1                  模式I，GR2，空档 
GR2                  模式I，模式II，GR1，GR3，GR4，空档 
GR3                  GR2，GR4，模式II，空档 
GR4                  GR2，GR3，模式II，空档 
空档                 模式I，模式II
在典型系统中的换档改变包括至少三种可能情形中的一种，与表2中显示的容许的换档相一致。可以从一个固定档位换档至第二个固定档位。可以从固定档位换档至一种无级变速模式。可以从一种无级变速模式换档至固定档位。 
当从一个固定档位换档至第二固定档位时，换档过程包括解除待分离离合器，并且启动待接合离合器。作为示例，在从GR1换档至GR2的过程中，解除待分离离合器C4 75，并且启动待接合离合器C2 62，允许其传递转矩。贯穿整个过程都启动离合器C1 70。启动待接合离合器优选地包括通过控制转矩生成装置和(如果必要)也可通过控制待接合离合器的滑动而实现待接合离合器的元件的速度同步。 
任意固定档位操作模式之外的换档改变是多步骤过程，其中通过待分离离合器传送的转矩优选地先于其松开而卸载。卸载通过待分离离合器的转矩包括调节通过其他转矩传递路径，例如，使用MG-A和MG-B 以及待接合离合器的转矩承载。松开待分离离合器包括通过降低液压而降低待分离离合器的转矩承载能力，该液压的降低通过对如前所述的电磁线圈的控制实现。 
为了实现到固定档位的换档，转矩从待分离离合器卸载并且待分离离合器松开。待接合离合器的输入侧优选地与待接合离合器的输出的速度同步，并且控制滑动而最小化待接合离合器中的热生成，同时阻止或减少传动系的跳动和摆动。通过将应用于离合器的液压控制至足以将离合器保持为通过离合器元件具有零滑动的大小而启动待接合离合器。无论执行哪种类型的换档，换档改变需要有限数量的时间去执行，典型地设定少于一秒，并且以特定情况为基础可预测，该情况由上文中所描述的控制系统监控和控制。 
在换档执行过程中，可以有可检测的操作改变，其导致控制系统中断当前正进行换档改变。这种操作改变与启动换档改变的那些相类似，即，由于操作者的输入或外部条件而产生的输出转矩需求的后续改变，由控制模块产生的在电能生成模式与转矩生成模式之间改变一个电机的命令，可操作以优化系统效率的优化算法的改变，或部件或系统的故障，包括待接合离合器的故障。对特定应用而标定用于每个中断标准的特定参数阈值。 
本发明通常包括常驻留在控制系统的一个模块中并且在其中执行的算法，该算法基于前述标准，用于实现将档位从第一操作模式切换至第二操作模式的方法。该算法监控操作中的可检测的改变，该操作的改变包括以上所述的换档中断标准。当满足一个中断标准时，执行修改的换档操作，其控制换档执行进入第三操作模式。选择的第三操作模式选择为能够有效地基本上满足当前确定的操作者对输出转矩TO的需求的操作模式。这一点以更多细节描述。 
现参照图4，作为参照图2所述控制系统中的算法而执行以用于控制参照图1所述动力系统的逻辑流程图，其被描述为用于在当待分离离合器未完全松开期间产生中断换档命令的情况。在该情况中，控制系统监控在换档过程中是否已经满足任意中断标准(方块110，112)。当已经满足一个中断标准时，确定是否待分离(‘OG’)离合器具有足够的承载能力，即液压，以便能继续操作(方块114)。当待分离离合器具有足够承载能力时，控制系统确定是否中断返回至先前的命令的固定档 位，或可替换地，是否至另一个允许操作模式的换档已经基于操作条件的改变而被命令(方块116)。如果控制系统选择中断至最初的固定档位，将对先前的待分离离合器增大液压，并且将对先前的待接合(‘OC’)离合器减小液压，如果有的话(方块118)。对待分离和待接合离合器的这种液压的改变将持续直至先前的待分离离合器的离合能力足以通过其传递转矩(方块120)，并且操作继续(方块122)。当待分离离合器不具有足够的承载能力时(方块114)，或当至另一操作模式的换档已经基于改变的情况而已经被命令时(方块116)，控制系统继续命令待分离离合器的液压减小(方块124)，一旦典型地基于对输出速度NO的测量而观测到待分离离合器的滑动，则允许其及时松开(方块126)。待接合离合器的压力类似地减小，阻止其启动(方块124)。第三操作模式选择为无级变速模式的操作模式的一种，即，处于模式I和模式II中(方块128)，并且随即确定新的操作范围，作为换档事件(例如，至另一固定档位)而执行。当待分离操作模式为固定档位之一时，上述情况可应用于换档变化。 
图5包括变速器输入速度NI作为时间的函数的典型数据曲线，并且显示了在其中松开待分离离合器之后产生中断换档事件的命令的情况，在该示例中显示为从GR2至GR3的换档事件(线A)，其中离合器C1 70已经松开(点130)。在点140处，如前所述，有中断换档事件的命令。在该情况中，控制系统能够发出命令的被选择的第三操作模式包括至GR2(线B)的返回，或至GR4(线C)或至用于无级变速模式2的如Opti_NI_M2(线D)所示的优化操作线的换档。不考虑选择的第三操作模式，控制系统选择性地控制发动机，MG-A及MG-B的运行，以达到有效地基本上满足当前确定的操作者对输出转矩的需求的变速器输出。在这些情况中，选择性地控制发动机，MG-A及MG-B的运行速度，以满足变速器的输出速度NO，从而满足输出转矩。 
应该知道地是，允许在本发明的范围内更改硬件。本发明已经特别参照实施例以及其改进作了说明。进一步的改进和变换可以在阅读与理解说明书的基础上，在其他部分上进行。本发明旨在包括落入在本发明范围之内的所有这样的改进和变换。 

Claims (21)

1.一种选择性地启动转矩变速器装置的多个转矩传递装置的方法，所述转矩变速器装置可操作以接收来自多个装置的转矩输入并且可操作以生成输出转矩，所述方法包括：
执行从第一操作模式至第二操作模式的换档操作；
监控换档中断标准；以及
执行进入能有效地满足操作者对输出转矩的需求的第三操作模式的修改的换档操作。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，执行进入能有效地满足操作者对输出转矩的需求的第三操作模式的修改的换档操作进一步包括当满足换档中断标准之一时，执行进入第三操作模式的修改的换档操作。
3.根据权利要求2所述的方法，其特征在于，监控换档中断标准包括监控操作者对输出转矩的需求、在待接合转矩传递装置中故障的出现、以及用于管理来自多个装置的转矩输入的优化程序。
4.一种换档过程中控制电动液压变速器的装置，选择性地启动所述变速器中的多个转矩传递装置，所述变速器可操作以接收来自多个装置的转矩输入，并且可操作以传递输出转矩，所述装置：
执行从第一操作模式至第二操作模式的换档操作；
监控换档中断标准；以及
执行进入能有效地满足操作者对输出转矩的需求的第三操作模式的修改的换档操作。
5.根据权利要求4所述的装置，其特征在于，执行进入能有效地满足操作者对输出转矩的需求的第三操作模式的修改的换档操作进一步包括当满足换档中断标准之一时，执行进入第三操作模式的修改的换档操作。
6.根据权利要求5所述的装置，其特征在于，变速器装置包括具有四个转矩传递装置的双模式、复合分解、机电变速器，所述变速器可在四个固定传动比模式和两个无级变速模式中操作。
7.根据权利要求6所述的装置，其特征在于，可操作以接收来自多个装置的转矩输入的变速器装置包括可操作地连接至多个转矩生成装置的变速器，所述转矩生成装置包括第一和第二电机以及内燃机。
8.根据权利要求7所述的装置，其特征在于，监控换档中断标准包括监控操作者对输出转矩的需求。
9.根据权利要求7所述的装置，其特征在于，监控换档中断标准包括识别在能有效地便于在第二操作模式中操作的待接合转矩传递装置中故障的存在。
10.根据权利要求7所述的装置，其特征在于，监控换档中断标准包括监控用于管理来自多个转矩生成装置的转矩输入的优化程序。
11.根据权利要求7所述的装置，其特征在于，执行进入能有效地满足操作者对输出转矩的需求的第三操作模式的修改的换档操作进一步包括控制第一和第二电机以及内燃机的操作。
12.根据权利要求6所述的装置，其特征在于，当待分离转矩传递装置具有足够转矩承载能力时第三操作模式包括第一操作模式。
13.根据权利要求6所述的装置，其特征在于，执行进入能有效地满足操作者对输出转矩的需求的第三操作模式的修改的换档操作进一步包括执行进入无级变速模式操作的换档操作。
14.根据权利要求6所述的装置，其特征在于，当第一操作模式包括第一固定传动比时，第三操作模式包括第二固定传动比、第一无级变速模式、以及第二无级变速模式中的一个。
15.根据权利要求6所述的装置，其特征在于，当第一操作模式包括第二固定传动比时，第三操作模式包括第一固定传动比、第三固定传动比、第四固定传动比、第一无级变速模式、以及第二无级变速模式中的一个。
16.根据权利要求6所述的装置，其特征在于，当第一操作模式包括第三固定传动比时，第三操作模式包括第一固定传动比、第二固定传动比、以及第四固定传动比中的一个。
17.根据权利要求6所述的装置，其特征在于，当第一操作模式包括第四固定传动比时，第三操作模式包括第二固定传动比与第三固定传动比中的一个。
18.根据权利要求6所述的装置，其特征在于，当第一操作模式包括第一无级变速模式时，第三操作模式包括第一固定传动比与第二固定传动比中的一个。
19.根据权利要求6所述的装置，其特征在于，当第一操作模式包括第二无级变速模式时，第三操作模式包括第二固定传动比。
20.一种用于双模式、复合分解、机电变速器的控制系统，所述变速器可在包括四个固定传动比模式和两个无级变速模式的多个操作模式中的一个中操作，所述控制系统：
执行从第一操作模式至第二操作模式的换档操作；
监控换档中断标准；以及
执行进入能有效地满足操作者对来自变速器的输出转矩的需求的第三操作模式中的修改的换档操作。
21.根据权利要求20的控制系统，其特征在于，监控换档中断标准包括监控操作者对输出转矩的需求、待接合转矩传递装置中故障的出现、以及用于管理来自多个装置的转矩输入的优化程序。
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