CN101373829A - Titanium-series cathode active material and preparation method thereof, titanium-series lithium ion power battery - Google Patents

Titanium-series cathode active material and preparation method thereof, titanium-series lithium ion power battery Download PDF

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CN101373829A
CN101373829A CNA2008102168020A CN200810216802A CN101373829A CN 101373829 A CN101373829 A CN 101373829A CN A2008102168020 A CNA2008102168020 A CN A2008102168020A CN 200810216802 A CN200810216802 A CN 200810216802A CN 101373829 A CN101373829 A CN 101373829A
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lithium
oxide
titanium
active material
substance
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CN101373829B (en
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岳敏
程林
贺雪琴
梅佳
张万红
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BTR New Material Group Co Ltd
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Shenzhen BTR New Energy Materials Co Ltd
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/052Li-accumulators
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00Electrodes
    • H01M4/02Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/36Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
    • H01M4/48Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
    • H01M4/485Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of mixed oxides or hydroxides for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiTi2O4 or LiTi2OxFy
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10Energy storage using batteries

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  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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  • Inorganic Compounds Of Heavy Metals (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a titanium cathode active substance, a preparation method thereof and a titanium lithium ion power battery, and aims to solve the technical problem of enhancing the rate performance of a lithium ion power battery. The formula of the titanium cathode active substance is Li4Ti5O12/Mx, wherein Li4Ti5O12 is spinel lithium titanate, M is a dopant such as a metal simple substance, a metal compound, a nonmetallic simple substance or a nonmetallic compound; the elements or the ions contained in the dopant enter the Li4Ti5O12 crystal lattice or are compounded with the Li4Ti5O12 crystal lattice; and the preparation method comprises the following steps: the precursor mixture of compound lithium titanate is prepared, and spray drying and heat treatment are performed. The cathode of the titanium lithium ion power battery adopts Li4Ti5O12/Mx. Compared with the prior art, the titanium cathode active substance has the advantages of high capacity, high bulk density, high volume specific capacity, good high-rate performance, good product uniformity, good battery processability, low possibility of air bulking of the battery, and low cost.

Description

Titanium is negative electrode active material and preparation method thereof, titanium based lithium-ion electrokinetic cell
Technical field
The present invention relates to the lithium ion battery cathode material and its preparation method that a kind of electrokinetic cell is used, and the lithium-ion-power cell that uses this negative material, particularly a kind of titanium is negative material and preparation method thereof, and to use this titanium be the lithium-ion-power cell of negative material.
Background technology
Along with the stable development of global economy, the output of automobile sharply increases.Fuel-engined vehicle institute exhaust gas discharged causes air environmental pollution, and airborne pollutant 63% comes from vehicle exhaust.Day by day the deterioration of environmental problem, particularly air quality has caused countries in the world, especially the common concern of developed country.After three the oil crisis outbursts in the whole world seventies in last century, each transnational motor corporation successively begins to research and develop various types of electric automobiles.Enter the nineties, along with the continuous intensification of global energy crisis, the harm of the exhaustion day by day of petroleum resources and air pollution, global warning aggravation begins to work out and progressively carry out severe automobile exhaust emission standard based on some western countries of USA and Europe.National governments and automobile enterprise generally recognize and reduce discharging to be the main direction of following automotive engineering development energy-conservation, the cleaning vehicle of developing no discharging or low emission, low oil consumption is imperative, the development and application of electric automobile will be the optimal path that solves these two technological difficulties, and low energy consumption, pollution-free green automobile begin to become the focus that people pay close attention to.
The used for electric vehicle electrokinetic cell that uses at present and develop mainly contains: lead-acid battery, nickel-cadmium cell, Ni-MH battery, lithium ion battery and fuel cell.Lithium ion battery be a kind ofly grow up in early 1990s, state-of-the-art rechargeable battery up to now.Lithium ion battery has the operating voltage height, is 3.6V, the energy density height, be respectively Cd/Ni and MH/Ni battery 3 times and 1.5 times, self discharge is little, less than 8%/month, long and memory-less effect of life-span, environment amenable advantage most possibly reaches the requirement of electric motor car.From Sony in 1991 the lithium-ion electric pool technology is introduced to the market so far, the progress of electrode material is promoting the continuous development of this technology always, and advanced electrode material becomes the core technology that present lithium ion battery updates.The lithium ion battery of prior art is used for electric motor car as electrokinetic cell, have following deficiency: it is very outstanding that (1) fills problem soon, automobile is when cruising, the discharge-rate of existing lithium ion battery can satisfy fully, but in braking procedure, braking procedure is of short duration, generally be no more than 10s, the immediate current that the motor demand is bigger, with effective braking and recuperated energy, automobile has 50~60% braking energy recyclable in theory, and the braking energy of actual recovered<20%, discharge-rate, the especially rate of charge of existing lithium ion battery is difficult to reach the basic demand of electric automobile fast charging and discharging.(2) fail safe is that vehicle-mounted lithium ion battery moves towards practical key factor, the development of safety problem restriction electrokinetic cell, the prior art lithium ion battery is low with the positive and negative pole material fail safe, and mainly containing following four reason: a. tradition Li-Ion rechargeable battery positive electrode is LiCoO 2, graphite is negative material, positive electrode can decompose precipitated oxygen about 150 ℃, and reacts with electrolyte, causes the abnormal heating phenomenon; B. lithium ion is at the embedding current potential of the carbon-based material reduction potential near lithium metal; C. can not carry out high rate charge-discharge; D. not charging end indication on the voltage curve is not suitable for the electric vehicle electrokinetic cell.
As the lithium ion battery negative material, non-carbon negative pole material is subjected to researcher's attention day by day because of having high energy density and security performance.Non-material with carbon element lithium titanate Li 4Ti 5O 12Has spinel structure, space group Fd3m, during as negative material, little (cubical expansivity of graphite is generally about 9% for volume and structural change in the charge and discharge process, the variation repeatedly of temperature when discharging and recharging, cause smooth surface impaired easily, about useful life general 400 charge cycles), it is the zero strain material, thereby has a good cycle performance, the rough surface of lithium titanate anode can make cell charging times be up to 20,000 times, and its spinel structure is beneficial to the embedding of lithium ion and takes off, and voltage platform is positioned at 1.5V (vs.Li/Li +) near, be difficult for causing that lithium metal separates out, can carry out high current charge-discharge, solved the dendrite problem, battery unit can be avoided thermal runaway phenomenon.Different with common graphite, Li 4Ti 5O 12And can not form solid electrolyte interface SEI film on the interface between the electrolyte, therefore, internal resistance can not increase.Lithium titanate has tangible charge and discharge platform in addition, and discharging and recharging when finishing has tangible voltage jump, has good overcharging resisting performance and anti-mistake and puts performance.Because internal resistance is lower, can arrange in pairs or groups with different electrolyte, so the flash-over characteristic excellence under the low temperature.Spinel type lithium titanate is suitable for the electric vehicle electrical source of power, and its theoretical embedding lithium capacity is 175mAh/g, and actual specific capacity is between 120~130mAh/g.There is following deficiency in lithium titanate as negative material: 1, capacity is low, bulk density is low, compacted density is low, volume and capacity ratio is low; 2, the big high rate performance lifting of still needing; 3, homogeneity of product difference and battery poor processability; 4, easily suction, the easy inflatable of battery.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of titanium is negative electrode active material and preparation method thereof, titanium based lithium-ion electrokinetic cell, and the technical problem that solve is to improve high rate performance, security performance, cycle life and the environmental-protecting performance of lithium-ion-power cell.
The present invention is by the following technical solutions: a kind of titanium is a negative electrode active material, and described titanium is that the general formula of negative electrode active material is Li 4Ti 5O 12/ M x, wherein: 0<x≤10, Li 4Ti 5O 12Be spinel lithium titanate, M is dopant metal simple-substance, metallic compound, non-metal simple-substance or nonmetallic compound, and contained element of described dopant or ion enter Li 4Ti 5O 12Lattice dot matrix or compound with it; Titanium is negative electrode active material Li 4Ti 5O 12/ M xAverage grain diameter be 0.1~30 μ m; Described metal simple-substance is Al, Mg, Cu, Ag, Ni, Co, Mn, Cd, Pb, Bi, Sn or Ge, metallic compound is an aluminium oxide, magnesium oxide, zirconia, cupric oxide, cuprous oxide, silver oxide, cobalt oxide, manganese dioxide, manganese sesquioxide managnic oxide, lead oxide, tin oxide, aluminum fluoride, lithium fluoride or magnesium fluoride, non-metal simple-substance is a boron, carbon, silicon, phosphorus or iodine, nonmetallic compound is furane resins, Lauxite, melamine resin, phenolic resins, epoxy resin, polyvinyl alcohol, polymethyl methacrylate, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyacrylonitrile; butadiene-styrene rubber, cellulose; glucose; more than one of coal tar pitch or petroleum asphalt.
Li of the present invention 4Ti 5O 12/ M xMatrix is coated with the coating layer of nanometer clad material, and the nanometer clad material is nano titanium oxide, aluminium oxide, magnesium oxide, zirconia, cuprous oxide, silver oxide, tin oxide, acetylene black or nano-carbon material, and the thickness of coating layer is between 5~50nm.
A kind of titanium is the negative electrode active material preparation method, may further comprise the steps: one, press the lithium in the inorganic lithium salt: titanium dioxide: doping vario-property agent mol ratio 1.9~2.1:4.9~5.1: greater than 0~10 mixed composite lithium titanate precursor mixture that gets; Described inorganic lithium salt is a lithium hydroxide, lithium carbonate, lithium acetate, lithium chloride, lithium sulfate, lithium nitrate, lithium iodide, tert-butyl alcohol lithium, lithium benzoate, lithium formate, lithium fluoride, lithium chromate, four water citric acid lithiums, tetrachloro-lithium aluminate, lithium bromide, LiBF4 or lithium oxalate, the doping vario-property agent is a metal simple-substance, metallic compound, non-metal simple-substance or nonmetallic compound, described metal simple-substance is Al, Mg, Cu, Ag, Ni, Co, Mn, Cd, Pb, Bi, Sn or Ge, metallic compound is an aluminium oxide, magnesium oxide, zirconia, cupric oxide, cuprous oxide, silver oxide, cobalt oxide, manganese dioxide, manganese sesquioxide managnic oxide, lead oxide, tin oxide, aluminum fluoride, lithium fluoride or magnesium fluoride, non-metal simple-substance is a boron, carbon, silicon, phosphorus or iodine, nonmetallic compound is furane resins, Lauxite, melamine resin, phenolic resins, epoxy resin, polyvinyl alcohol, polymethyl methacrylate, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyacrylonitrile; butadiene-styrene rubber, cellulose; glucose; more than one of coal tar pitch or petroleum asphalt; Two, mixture is scattered in the organic solvent by mass ratio 1~1.5:1, spray-drying process under 100~350 ℃ of conditions obtains disperseing powder; Three, will disperse the programming rate of powder with 1~15 ℃/min, heat treatment is 4~40 hours in 500~950 ℃ temperature range, and naturally cooling to and obtaining titanium below 150 ℃ is negative electrode active material.
Method of the present invention is pressed the lithium in the inorganic lithium salt: titanium dioxide: the doping vario-property agent: nanometer clad material mol ratio 1.9~2.1:4.9~5.1: greater than 0~10: greater than 0~4.0 mixed composite lithium titanate precursor mixture that gets; The nanometer clad material is nano titanium oxide, aluminium oxide, magnesium oxide, zirconia, cuprous oxide, silver oxide, tin oxide, acetylene black or nano-carbon material.
Pulverize and sieve after the method for the present invention cooling, the titanium that obtains granularity and be 0.1~30 μ m is a negative electrode active material.
Method of the present invention is mixed the method that adopts with high-speed stirred or ball milling, and rotating speed 100~500r/min grinds and disperseed 2~40 hours.
Method organic solvent of the present invention is ethanol or acetone.
Feed argon gas or nitrogen during the method heat treatment of the present invention.
A kind of titanium based lithium-ion electrokinetic cell has positive pole and negative pole, and described negative pole is Li 4Ti 5O 12/ M x, conductive agent and the binding agent that is dissolved in the N-methyl pyrrolidone form, mass ratio is 85~95%:3~10%:2~10%, wherein: 0<x≤10, Li 4Ti 5O 12Be spinel lithium titanate, M is dopant metal simple-substance, metallic compound, non-metal simple-substance or nonmetallic compound, and contained element of described dopant or ion enter Li 4Ti 5O 12Lattice dot matrix or compound with it, average grain diameter are 0.1~30 μ m; Described metal simple-substance is Al, Mg, Cu, Ag, Ni, Co, Mn, Cd, Pb, Bi, Sn or Ge, metallic compound is an aluminium oxide, magnesium oxide, zirconia, cupric oxide, cuprous oxide, silver oxide, cobalt oxide, manganese dioxide, manganese sesquioxide managnic oxide, lead oxide, tin oxide, aluminum fluoride, lithium fluoride or magnesium fluoride, non-metal simple-substance is a boron, carbon, silicon, phosphorus or iodine, nonmetallic compound is furane resins, Lauxite, melamine resin, phenolic resins, epoxy resin, polyvinyl alcohol, polymethyl methacrylate, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyacrylonitrile; butadiene-styrene rubber, cellulose; glucose; more than one of coal tar pitch or petroleum asphalt.
The Li of battery of the present invention 4Ti 5O 12/ M xMatrix is coated with the coating layer of nanometer clad material, and the nanometer clad material is nano titanium oxide, aluminium oxide, magnesium oxide, zirconia, cuprous oxide, silver oxide, tin oxide, acetylene black or nano-carbon material, and the thickness of coating layer is between 5~50nm.
The just very iron system of battery of the present invention or manganese are that active material, conductive agent and the binding agent that is dissolved in the N-methyl pyrrolidone are formed, and mass ratio is 85~95%:3~10%:2~10%.
The iron of battery of the present invention is that active material is LiFePO 4Or Li 2FeSiO 4, manganese is that active material is LiMnPO 4, LiCo xNi yMn (1-x-y)O 2, wherein 0≤x<1,0≤y<1, Li[Li xMn (2-x)] O 4, 0≤x<1/3 wherein, Li[M xMn (2-x)] O 4, 0<x<1 wherein, M is the 3d transition metal, Li 2MnSiO 4
The iron system and the manganese of battery of the present invention are that active active material average grain diameter is 0.1~30 μ m.
The present invention compared with prior art, the element or the ion of dopant enter Li 4Ti 5O 12Lattice dot matrix, compound or surface doping, titanium is that negative electrode active material has the performance that capacity height, bulk density height, compacted density height, volume and capacity ratio height, big good rate capability, good product consistency, battery good processability and battery are difficult for inflatable, and it is with low cost, negative pole contains the titanium based lithium-ion electrokinetic cell that titanium is an active material, battery has higher safety performance, high rate performance, cycle performance, it is simple, with low cost to adopt the present invention to make battery methods; Battery is environmentally friendly, nothing is revealed, storage life is long, be easy to miniaturization, serviceability temperature is in extensive range, can be used as all kinds of electrokinetic cells.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the SEM figure of the negative electrode active material that makes of the embodiment of the invention 1.
Fig. 2 is the discharge curve of the battery cell of the embodiment of the invention 1.
Fig. 3 is the cyclic curve figure of the battery cell of the embodiment of the invention 1.
Fig. 4 is the discharge curve of the LiFePO4/MCMB electrokinetic cell of Comparative Examples 1.
Fig. 5 is the cycle performance figure of the LiFePO4/MCMB electrokinetic cell of Comparative Examples 1.
Fig. 6 is the TEM figure of the negative electrode active material that makes of embodiment 1.
Fig. 7 is the XRD diffraction pattern of the negative electrode active material that makes of embodiment 1.
Fig. 8 is the XRD diffraction pattern of Comparative Examples 1 lithium titanate matrix.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples the present invention is described in further detail.Titanium of the present invention is a negative electrode active material, and general formula is Li 4Ti 5O 12/ M x, wherein: 0<x≤10, Li 4Ti 5O 12Be spinel lithium titanate, M is dopant metal simple-substance Al, Mg, Cu, Ag, Ni, Co, Mn, Cd, Pb, Bi, Sn or Ge, the metallic compound aluminium oxide, magnesium oxide, zirconia, cupric oxide, cuprous oxide, silver oxide, cobalt oxide, manganese dioxide, manganese sesquioxide managnic oxide, lead oxide, tin oxide, aluminum fluoride, lithium fluoride or magnesium fluoride, non-metal simple-substance boron, carbon, silicon, phosphorus or iodine, the nonmetallic compound furane resins, Lauxite, melamine resin, phenolic resins, epoxy resin, polyvinyl alcohol, polymethyl methacrylate, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyacrylonitrile; butadiene-styrene rubber; cellulose; glucose; more than one of coal tar pitch or petroleum asphalt, its contained element or ion enter Li 4Ti 5O 12Lattice dot matrix or compound with it, average grain diameter are 0.1~30 μ m.Li 4Ti 5O 12/ M xMatrix also can be coated with the coating layer of nanometer clad material outward, the nanometer clad material is nano titanium oxide, aluminium oxide, magnesium oxide, zirconia, cuprous oxide, silver oxide, tin oxide, acetylene black or nano-carbon material, and the thickness of coating layer is between 5~50nm.
Spinel lithium titanate Li 4Ti 5O 12Be the composite oxides of a kind of lithium metal and electronegative potential transition metals Ti, belong to AB 2X 4Series, its crystal structure and spinelle LiMn 2O 4Similar, can be written as Li[Li 1/3Ti 5/3] O 4, space group is Fd3m, has the three-dimensional diffusion passage of lithium ion.Wherein, O 2-Be positioned at 32e, constitute the FCC dot matrix, partial L i +Be positioned at tetrahedron 8a position, remaining Li +And Ti 4+Ratio with 1:5 is randomly dispersed in octahedra 16d position.Therefore, can it be described as Li according to structure 8a[Li 1/3Ti 5/3] 16d[O 4] 32eSpinel type lithium titanate does not have bulk strain in charge and discharge process, have long useful life, and this is because its discharge potential 1.55V (vs.Li/Li +) smooth, reactionless with electrolyte.
Titanium of the present invention is the negative electrode active material preparation method, may further comprise the steps:
One, presses lithium in the inorganic lithium salt: titanium dioxide: doping vario-property agent mol ratio 1.9~2.1:4.9~5.1: after mixing greater than 0~10, method with high-speed stirred or ball milling, rotating speed 100~500r/min grinds and disperses to make in 2~40 hours composite lithium titanate precursor mixture, i.e. Li 4Ti 5O 12With M xMixture, inorganic lithium salt is a lithium hydroxide, lithium carbonate, lithium acetate, lithium chloride, lithium sulfate, lithium nitrate, lithium iodide, tert-butyl alcohol lithium, lithium benzoate, lithium formate, lithium fluoride, lithium chromate, four water citric acid lithiums, tetrachloro-lithium aluminate, lithium bromide, LiBF4 or lithium oxalate, the doping vario-property agent is metal simple-substance Al, Mg, Cu, Ag, Ni, Co, Mn, Cd, Pb, Bi, Sn, Ge, the metallic compound aluminium oxide, magnesium oxide, zirconia, cupric oxide, cuprous oxide, silver oxide, cobalt oxide, manganese dioxide, manganese sesquioxide managnic oxide, lead oxide, tin oxide, aluminum fluoride, lithium fluoride, magnesium fluoride, non-metal simple-substance boron, carbon, silicon, phosphorus, iodine and nonmetallic compound furane resins, Lauxite, melamine resin, phenolic resins, epoxy resin, polyvinyl alcohol, polymethyl methacrylate, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyacrylonitrile; butadiene-styrene rubber; cellulose; glucose; more than one of coal tar pitch or petroleum asphalt; adopt the QM-1SP4 planetary ball mill of Nanjing Univ. Instrument Factory; can add and lithium simultaneously: titanium dioxide: the ratio of doping vario-property agent amount of substance is greater than 0~4.0 nanometer clad material, and the nanometer clad material is a nano titanium oxide; aluminium oxide; magnesium oxide; zirconia; cuprous oxide; silver oxide; tin oxide; acetylene black or nano-carbon material; Two, said mixture is scattered in organic solvent ethanol or the acetone, solid is 1~1.5:1 with the mass ratio ratio of organic solvent, adopt spray-dired method to make the dispersion powder, in the centrifugal spray granulating and drying machine of the big peak of the Wuxi City DFZR of drying equipment Co., Ltd type, spray-drying process under 100-350 ℃ of condition obtains disperseing powder; Three, will disperse the programming rate of powder with 1~15 ℃/min, heat treatment is 4~40 hours in 500~950 ℃ temperature range, during feed argon gas or nitrogen is made protection gas, make contained element of doping vario-property agent or ion enter Li 4Ti 5O 12Lattice dot matrix, compound naturally cools to below 150 ℃; Four, pulverize and sieve, the titanium that obtains granularity and be 0.1~30 μ m is a negative electrode active material.As being the doping vario-property agent with CuO, Mg, Al, F, C, finally obtaining forming expression formula is Li 4Ti 5O 12/ CuO 0.1(x=0.1), Li 4Ti 5O 12/ Al 0.2(x=0.2), Li 4Ti 5O 12/ Mg 0.3(x=0.3), Li 4Ti 5O 12/ F 0.05(x=0.05), Li 4Ti 5O 12/ C 10(x=10) titanium is a negative active core-shell material.
The KYKY-2800B type ESEM that adopts Beijing KYKY Technology Development Co., Ltd. is observed the surface topography of the material particle for preparing with method of the present invention, adopts X ' the Pert PRO diffractometer and the Japanese JEOL 2010 type transmission electron microscopes of Dutch PANalytical company to know that doped chemical or ion enter Li 4Ti 5O 12Lattice dot matrix and/or compound.
Titanium of the present invention is a negative electrode active material, in preparation process, mixes dopant, and dopant mainly is to replace Li[Li 1/3Ti 5/3] O 4In hexa-coordinate 16d site a part of material or play and disperse the coating effect, at spinel lithium titanate Li 4Ti 5O 12Do not find the diffraction maximum of alloy in the XRD figure of matrix, illustrate that foreign atom has entered lithium titanate Li 4Ti 5O 12In the lattice, enter Li at the element or the ion of dopant 4Ti 5O 12Under lattice dot matrix, the compound or surface coated effect, the capacity height of material, high conformity, good stability, good processability, the compacted density height of pole piece, good rate capability, energy density height, power density height, the high temperature performance of the battery of making as negative electrode active material of this material is good, security performance is good.
Titanium based lithium-ion electrokinetic cell of the present invention, negative pole is Li 4Ti 5O 12/ M x, conductive agent and the binding agent that is dissolved in the N-methyl pyrrolidone form, mass ratio is 85~95%:3~10%:2~10%, wherein: 0<x≤10.Just very iron system or manganese are that active material, conductive agent and the binding agent that is dissolved in the N-methyl pyrrolidone are formed, and mass ratio is 85~95%:3~10%:2~10%.Fe is active anode compartment material: LiFePO 4Or Li 2FeSiO 4, Mn is active anode compartment material: LiMnPO 4, LiCo xNi yMn (1-x-y)O 2(0≤x<1,0≤y<1), Li[Li xMn (2-x)] O 4(0≤x<1/3), Li[M xMn (2-x)] O 4(0<x<1, M is the 3d transition metal), Li 2MnSiO 4Fe system and Mn are that active anode compartment material average grain diameter is 0.1~30 μ m.Conductive agent is more than one of acetylene black, electrically conductive graphite, carbon nano-tube or carbon nano-fiber conductive materials, and binding agent is Kynoar PVDF or polytetrafluoroethylene.Electrolyte is for containing electrolyte LiPF 6, LiClO 4Or LiAsF 61mol/L organic solvent, organic solvent are more than one the mixed organic solvents among ethylene carbonate EC, propene carbonate PC, dimethyl carbonate DMC, diethyl carbonate DEC, dimethyl ether DME and the methyl ethyl carbonate EMC.Adopt Copper Foil and aluminium foil to be respectively negative pole and anodal collector, the co-polymer membrane of polypropylene screen, polyethylene film or propylene and ethene is a barrier film, and plastics, metal or alloy are battery case.
The manufacture method of titanium based lithium-ion electrokinetic cell of the present invention: with Li 4Ti 5O 12M x, conductive agent and the binding agent that is dissolved in the N-methyl pyrrolidone be put in the DLH2 power mixer that Guangzhou good luck machinery plant produces, stir 12 hours required cathode sizes of acquisition with 150 rev/mins, cathode size is put on the tensile pulp machine, be coated on the Copper Foil of 20 μ m, 130 ℃ of bakings 6 hours, roll-in under the pressure of 10MPa is sheared according to the size of 270mm * 42.5mm, and being made into surface density is 230g/cm 2, compacted density is 2.1g/cm 3Cathode pole piece.With average grain diameter is the LiFePO of 2 μ m 4, conductive agent and the binding agent that is dissolved in the N-methyl pyrrolidone be put in the DLH2 power mixer that Guangzhou good luck machinery plant produces, stirred 12 hours with 100 rev/mins of mixing speeds.Anode sizing agent is put on the tensile pulp machine, is coated on the aluminium foil of 20 μ m, 150 ℃ of bakings 6 hours, roll-in under the pressure of 25MPa was sheared according to the size of 320mm * 41.5mm, and being made into surface density is 210g/cm 2Anode pole piece.Anode pole piece, barrier film and cathode pole piece are superimposed in order, on the 423048 type up-coilers of Shaoyang Dali Power Sources Co., Ltd., reel, in the shell of packing into after the hot pressing.Battery cell is put into Shanghai medical equipment manufactory produces in the DZF-6050 hollow baking box,, again battery cell is transferred between fluid injection, inject 1mol/L LiPF 80 ℃ of following vacuum bakeouts 24 hours 6Electrolyte, promptly be made into battery cell after the sealing.According to needed voltage and current,, take mode in parallel and that series connection combines to be assembled into electrokinetic cell with battery cell.
With the battery cell for preparing, place after 12 hours, be put into battery and change into cashier's office in a shop, charging current multiplying power 1.0C is charged to 3.0V, and carrying out constant voltage charge to electric current is 0.01C, with 1.0C discharge-rate constant-current discharge, discharge cut-off voltage is 1.0V then, repeats to discharge and recharge 2 times.With internal resistance, capacity, the open-circuit cell data of the BS-8303Q of Qingtian Industry Co., Ltd., Guangzhou battery test system test battery monomer, the charging and discharging curve and the cycle performance of while test battery monomer.Test condition is as follows: charging current multiplying power 1.0C, be charged to 3.0V, and carrying out constant voltage charge to electric current is 0.01C, with 1.0C discharge-rate constant-current discharge, discharge cut-off voltage is 1.0V.
Embodiment 1: with the nanoscale cupric oxide powder of 2mol lithium carbonate, 5mol titanium dioxide, 0.1mol, and nano-sized carbon 4mol, rotating speed 300r/min grinds and disperses to make in 16 hours the composite lithium titanate precursor mixture; The composite lithium titanate precursor mixture is scattered in the ethanol, and the ratio of solid and organic solvent is 1.5:1, obtains disperseing powder with spray drying under 150 ℃ of conditions; To disperse the programming rate of powder with 5 ℃/min, heat treatment is 24 hours in 700 ℃ temperature range, during feed nitrogen, naturally cool to below 150 ℃; Pulverize and sieve, obtain the Li that particle mean size is 10 μ m 4Ti 5O 12/ CuO 0.1(x=0.1) negative electrode active material.As shown in Figure 1, lithium titanate material has the microscopic feature of spherical and class sphere, smooth surface, as shown in Figure 6, the about 8nm of the thickness of nanometer coating layer, the coating layer uniformity, as shown in Figure 7, XRD figure shows, the assorted peak of copper does not appear in the collection of illustrative plates comprising, illustrate that dopant has entered the lattice of spinel type lithium titanate, coating layer is that unbodied carbon and phosphorus content are lower, shows not obvious on the XRD figure spectrum.
With above-mentioned gained negative active core-shell material, conductive agent acetylene black and binding agent PVDF, be that 90%:5%:5% makes cathode pole piece by mass ratio.With LiFePO 4, conductive agent acetylene black and binding agent PVDF, be that 90%:5%:5% makes anode pole piece by mass ratio.Anode pole piece, Celgard2400 type polypropylene diaphragm and cathode pole piece are superimposed in order, and in the plastic casing of packing into after coiling, the hot pressing, it is LiPF that the 1mol/L electrolyte is injected in the baking back 6, the electrolyte of solvent EC+DMC volume ratio 1:1 promptly is prepared into the electrokinetic cell monomer after the sealing.
With the electrokinetic cell monomer for preparing, test test result such as table 1 after changing into.As shown in Figure 2,5C discharge-rate discharge capacity is 2.0Ah, and capacity still is 1.1Ah under the condition of discharge-rate 30C, and as shown in Figure 3, under the 10C discharge-rate condition, the cycle performance of battery is very desirable, and the capability retention in 2000 weeks is 98.1%.
Embodiment 2: with the nano-alumina powder end of 2.1mol lithium carbonate, 5.1mol titanium dioxide, 0.1mol, rotating speed 200r/min grinds and disperses to make in 24 hours the composite lithium titanate precursor mixture; The composite lithium titanate precursor mixture is scattered in the ethanol, and the ratio of solid and organic solvent is 1.5:1, obtains disperseing powder with spray drying under 250 ℃ of conditions; To disperse the programming rate of powder with 10 ℃/min, heat treatment is 40 hours in 400 ℃ temperature range, during feed nitrogen, naturally cool to below 150 ℃; Pulverize and sieve, obtain the Li that particle mean size is 1 μ m 4Ti 5O 12/ (Al 2O 3) 0.1(x=0.1) negative electrode active material.
With above-mentioned gained negative active core-shell material, conductive agent acetylene black and binding agent PVDF, be that 85%:10%:5% makes cathode pole piece by mass ratio.With LiFePO 4, conductive agent acetylene black and binding agent PVDF, be that 90%:4%:6% makes anode pole piece by mass ratio.Anode pole piece, Celgard2400 type polypropylene diaphragm and cathode pole piece are superimposed in order, and in the plastic casing of packing into after coiling, the hot pressing, it is LiPF that the 1mol/L electrolyte is injected in the baking back 6, the electrolyte of solvent EC+DMC volume ratio 1:1 promptly is prepared into the electrokinetic cell monomer after the sealing.
With the electrokinetic cell monomer for preparing, test test result such as table 1 after changing into.
Embodiment 3, and with nano-alumina powder end, the 2mol acetylene black of 2.0mol lithium carbonate, 4.95mol titanium dioxide, 0.1mol, rotating speed 100r/min grinds and disperses to make in 24 hours the composite lithium titanate precursor mixture; The composite lithium titanate precursor mixture is scattered in the ethanol, and the ratio of solid and organic solvent is 1.0:1, obtains disperseing powder with spray drying under 350 ℃ of conditions; To disperse the programming rate of powder with 15 ℃/min, heat treatment is 4 hours in 950 ℃ temperature range, during feed nitrogen, naturally cool to below 150 ℃; Pulverize and sieve, obtain the Li that granularity is 1 μ m 4Ti 5O 12/ (Al 2O 3) 0.1(x=0.1) negative electrode active material.
With above-mentioned gained negative active core-shell material, conductive agent acetylene black and binding agent PVDF, be that 95%:3%:2% makes cathode pole piece by mass ratio.With LiFePO 4, conductive agent acetylene black and binding agent PVDF, be that 95%:3%:2% makes anode pole piece by mass ratio.Anode pole piece, Celgard2400 type polypropylene diaphragm and cathode pole piece are superimposed in order, and in the plastic casing of packing into after coiling, the hot pressing, it is LiPF that the 1mol/L electrolyte is injected in the baking back 6, the electrolyte of solvent EC+DMC volume ratio 1:1 promptly is prepared into the electrokinetic cell monomer after the sealing.
With the electrokinetic cell monomer for preparing, test test result such as table 1 after changing into.
Embodiment 4, with the nanoscale Zirconium oxide powder of 1.9mol lithium carbonate, 4.9mol titanium dioxide, 0.1mol, and the 0.4mol nano-sized carbon, rotating speed 500r/min grinds and disperses to make in 2 hours the composite lithium titanate precursor mixture; The composite lithium titanate precursor mixture is scattered in the ethanol, and solid is 1.2:1 with the volume of organic solvent ratio, obtains disperseing powder with spray drying under 350 ℃ of conditions; To disperse the programming rate of powder with 10 ℃/min, heat treatment is 24 hours in 700 ℃ temperature range, during feed nitrogen, naturally cool to below 150 ℃; Pulverize and sieve, obtain the Li that granularity is 1 μ m 4Ti 5O 12/ (ZrO 2) 0.1(x=0.1) negative electrode active material.
With above-mentioned gained negative active core-shell material, conductive agent acetylene black and binding agent PVDF, be that 85%:5%:10% makes cathode pole piece by mass ratio.With LiFePO 4, conductive agent acetylene black and binding agent PVDF, be that 90%:5%:5% makes anode pole piece by mass ratio.Anode pole piece, Celgard2400 type polypropylene diaphragm and cathode pole piece are superimposed in order, and in the plastic casing of packing into after coiling, the hot pressing, it is LiPF that the 1mol/L electrolyte is injected in the baking back 6, the electrolyte of solvent EC+DMC volume ratio 1:1 promptly is prepared into the electrokinetic cell monomer after the sealing.
With the electrokinetic cell monomer for preparing, test test result such as table 1 after changing into.
Embodiment 5, and with the nanoscale aluminum fluoride powder of 2.0mol lithium carbonate, 5mol titanium dioxide, 0.1mol, rotating speed 100r/min grinds and disperses to make in 40 hours the composite lithium titanate precursor mixture; The composite lithium titanate precursor mixture is scattered in the ethanol, and the ratio of solid and organic solvent is 1.3:1, obtains disperseing powder with spray drying under 100 ℃ of conditions; To disperse the programming rate of powder with 8 ℃/min, heat treatment is 30 hours in 600 ℃ temperature range, during feed argon gas, naturally cool to below 150 ℃; Pulverize and sieve, obtain the Li that granularity is 1 μ m 4Ti 5O 12/ (AlF 3) 0.1(x=0.1) negative electrode active material.
With above-mentioned gained negative active core-shell material, conductive agent acetylene black and binding agent PVDF, be that 85%:5%:10% makes cathode pole piece by mass ratio.With LiFePO 4, conductive agent acetylene black and binding agent PVDF, be that 95%:3%:2% makes anode pole piece by mass ratio.Anode pole piece, Celgard2400 type polypropylene diaphragm and cathode pole piece are superimposed in order, and in the plastic casing of packing into after coiling, the hot pressing, it is LiPF that the 1mol/L electrolyte is injected in the baking back 6, the electrolyte of solvent EC+DMC volume ratio 1:1 promptly is prepared into the electrokinetic cell monomer after the sealing.
With the electrokinetic cell monomer for preparing, test test result such as table 1 after changing into.
Example 6, with the nano-alumina powder end of 2.0mol lithium carbonate, 5mol titanium dioxide, 10mol, rotating speed 100r/min grinds and disperses to make in 40 hours the composite lithium titanate precursor mixture; The composite lithium titanate precursor mixture is scattered in the ethanol, and the ratio of solid and organic solvent is 1.5:1, obtains disperseing powder with spray drying under 100 ℃ of conditions; To disperse the programming rate of powder with 8 ℃/min, heat treatment is 30 hours in 600 ℃ temperature range, during feed argon gas, naturally cool to below 150 ℃; Pulverize and sieve, obtain the Li that granularity is 1 μ m 4Ti 5O 12/ (Al 2O 3) 10(x=10) negative electrode active material.
With above-mentioned gained negative active core-shell material, conductive agent acetylene black and binding agent PVDF, be that 85%:5%:10% makes cathode pole piece by mass ratio.With LiFePO 4, conductive agent acetylene black and binding agent PVDF, be that 85%:10%:5% makes anode pole piece by mass ratio.Anode pole piece, Celgard2400 type polypropylene diaphragm and cathode pole piece are superimposed in order, and in the plastic casing of packing into after coiling, the hot pressing, it is LiPF that the 1mol/L electrolyte is injected in the baking back 6, the electrolyte of solvent EC+DMC volume ratio 1:1 promptly is prepared into the electrokinetic cell monomer after the sealing.
With the electrokinetic cell monomer for preparing, test test result such as table 1 after changing into.
Embodiment 7, and with the nanoscale aluminum fluoride powder of 2.0mol lithium carbonate, 5mol titanium dioxide, 0.1mol, rotating speed 100r/min grinds and disperses to make in 40 hours the composite lithium titanate precursor mixture; The composite lithium titanate precursor mixture is scattered in the ethanol, and the ratio of solid and organic solvent is 1.3:1, obtains disperseing powder with spray drying under 100 ℃ of conditions; To disperse the programming rate of powder with 1 ℃/min, heat treatment is 30 hours in 500 ℃ temperature range, during feed argon gas, naturally cool to below 150 ℃; Pulverize and sieve, obtain the Li that granularity is 1 μ m 4Ti 5O 12/ (AlF 3) 0.1(x=0.1) negative electrode active material.
With above-mentioned gained negative active core-shell material, conductive agent acetylene black and binding agent PVDF, be that 85%:5%:10% makes cathode pole piece by mass ratio.With LiFePO 4, conductive agent acetylene black and binding agent PVDF, be that 85%:5%:10% makes anode pole piece by mass ratio.Anode pole piece, Celgard2400 type polypropylene diaphragm and cathode pole piece are superimposed in order, and in the plastic casing of packing into after coiling, the hot pressing, it is LiPF that the 1mol/L electrolyte is injected in the baking back 6, the electrolyte of solvent EC+DMC volume ratio 1:1 promptly is prepared into the electrokinetic cell monomer after the sealing.
With the electrokinetic cell monomer for preparing, test test result such as table 1 after changing into.
Comparative Examples 1, with 2.0mol lithium carbonate, 5mol titanium dioxide, rotating speed 300r/min grinds and disperses to make in 24 hours the composite lithium titanate precursor mixture; The composite lithium titanate precursor mixture is scattered in the ethanol, and the ratio of solid and organic solvent is 1.5:1, obtains disperseing powder with spray drying under 150 ℃ of conditions; To disperse the programming rate of powder with 10 ℃/min, heat treatment is 30 hours in 700 ℃ temperature range, during feed nitrogen, naturally cool to below 150 ℃; Pulverize and sieve, obtain the Li that granularity is 1 μ m 4Ti 5O 12Negative electrode active material.As shown in Figure 8, except the diffraction maximum of spinel type lithium titanate, do not have other the assorted peak of diffraction, and the intensity of diffraction maximum is higher in the collection of illustrative plates.
With above-mentioned gained negative active core-shell material, conductive agent acetylene black and binding agent PVDF, be that 85%:5%:10% makes cathode pole piece by mass ratio.With LiFePO 4, conductive agent acetylene black and binding agent PVDF, be that 95%:3%:2% makes anode pole piece by mass ratio.Anode pole piece, Celgard2400 type polypropylene diaphragm and cathode pole piece are superimposed in order, and in the plastic casing of packing into after coiling, the hot pressing, it is LiPF that the 1mol/L electrolyte is injected in the baking back 6, the electrolyte of solvent EC+DMC volume ratio 1:1 promptly is prepared into the electrokinetic cell monomer after the sealing.
With the electrokinetic cell monomer for preparing, test test result such as table 1 after changing into.Cycle performance as shown in Figure 5, the capability retention in 1500 weeks is 92%.
Comparative Examples 2, as positive active material, MCMB is a negative electrode active material with present business-like LiFePO4, is assembled into LiFePO4/MCMB lithium-ion-power cell according to the technology of maturation, test condition: at upper and lower limit voltage is 2.5-4.1V, discharges and recharges 3 times with the electric current of 0.1C.The discharge curve of different multiplying as shown in Figure 4, under the 0.2C discharge-rate condition, discharge capacity is 487mAh, the discharge-rate of 50C is about 360mAh.
With the electrokinetic cell monomer for preparing, test after changing into, test result such as table 1, cycle performance as shown in Figure 5, the capability retention in 500 weeks is 88%.
Table 1 embodiment and Comparative Examples electrokinetic cell monomer test result
Figure A200810216802D00211
As can be seen from Table 1, adopt the lithium titanate of doping vario-property preparation, adopt the not Comparative Examples of the lithium titanate of doping vario-property preparation, the high rate performance of battery is significantly increased, and the lithium titanate of doping vario-property preparation is good active material.
In an embodiment, inorganic lithium salt has only been enumerated lithium carbonate, lithium carbonate be lithium hydroxide, lithium carbonate, lithium acetate, lithium chloride, lithium sulfate, lithium nitrate, lithium iodide, tert-butyl alcohol lithium, lithium benzoate, lithium formate, lithium fluoride, lithium chromate, four water citric acid lithiums, tetrachloro-lithium aluminate, lithium bromide, LiBF4 and lithium oxalate are lithium-containing compounds, the character that in the technology that obtains the composite lithium titanate precursor mixture, has the reaction of heating and decomposition and titanium dioxide, so lithium hydroxide, lithium carbonate, lithium acetate, lithium chloride, lithium sulfate, lithium nitrate, lithium iodide, tert-butyl alcohol lithium, lithium benzoate, lithium formate, lithium fluoride, lithium chromate, four water citric acid lithiums, tetrachloro-lithium aluminate, lithium bromide, LiBF4 and lithium oxalate all are suitable for method of the present invention.
In an embodiment, aluminium oxide has only been enumerated in the doping vario-property agent, zirconia, cupric oxide and aluminum fluoride, aluminium oxide, zirconia, cupric oxide, aluminum fluoride and metal simple-substance Al, Mg, Cu, Ag, Ni, Co, Mn, Cd, Pb, Bi, Sn, Ge, metallic compound magnesium oxide, cuprous oxide, silver oxide, cobalt oxide, manganese dioxide, manganese sesquioxide managnic oxide, lead oxide, tin oxide, lithium fluoride, magnesium fluoride, non-metal simple-substance boron, carbon, silicon, phosphorus, iodine and nonmetallic compound furane resins, Lauxite, melamine resin, phenolic resins, epoxy resin, polyvinyl alcohol, polymethyl methacrylate, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyacrylonitrile; butadiene-styrene rubber; cellulose; glucose; coal tar pitch or petroleum asphalt; all be carbon compound; resolve into amorphous carbon in the technology that obtains the composite lithium titanate precursor mixture, its contained element or ion enter Li 4Ti 5O 12Lattice dot matrix or compound with it, all can improve the chemical property of material, so metal simple-substance Al, Mg, Cu, Ag, Ni, Co, Mn, Cd, Pb, Bi, Sn, Ge, metallic compound magnesium oxide, cuprous oxide, silver oxide, cobalt oxide, manganese dioxide, manganese sesquioxide managnic oxide, lead oxide, tin oxide, lithium fluoride, magnesium fluoride, non-metal simple-substance boron, carbon, silicon, phosphorus, iodine and nonmetallic compound furane resins, Lauxite, melamine resin, phenolic resins, epoxy resin, polyvinyl alcohol, polymethyl methacrylate, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyacrylonitrile; butadiene-styrene rubber; cellulose; glucose; coal tar pitch or petroleum asphalt all is suitable for method of the present invention.
In an embodiment, the nanometer clad material has only been enumerated acetylene black, nano-sized carbon, and acetylene black, nano-sized carbon and nano titanium oxide, aluminium oxide, magnesium oxide, zirconia are ion conductors, can increase conductivity of electrolyte materials behind the formation coating layer, improves high rate performance.Cuprous oxide, silver oxide, tin oxide form the electrode potential that coating layer can change lithium titanate, so nano titanium oxide, aluminium oxide, magnesium oxide, zirconia, cuprous oxide, silver oxide, tin oxide, all are suitable for the present invention.
Titanium based lithium-ion electrokinetic cell of the present invention has the necessary characteristic of lithium ion battery of future generation, charging times More and charging process is faster, with lithium titanate during as the negative material of lithium ion battery, can improve system Fast charging and discharging and cycle performance, charging and discharging curve significantly discharge and recharge sign, and security performance improves, Be suitable as the electrical source of power of electric motor car.
Battery of the present invention has higher security performance, good high rate performance, long cycle life and High gravimetric specific energy, and make simply, with low cost, can replace now widely used plumbic acid and hold Battery. High-energy, high power have the electrical source of power of good high rate performance and cycle performance, to replace Traditional lead-acid accumulator. Simultaneously, the novel battery that the present invention relates to is environmentally friendly, is a kind of green ring Protect battery. And, battery of the present invention have do not have to reveal, storage life is long, be easy to the advantage such as miniaturization, And serviceability temperature is in extensive range.

Claims (13)

1. a titanium is a negative electrode active material, it is characterized in that: described titanium is that the general formula of negative electrode active material is Li 4Ti 5O 12/ M x, wherein: 0<x≤10, Li 4Ti 5O 12Be spinel lithium titanate, M is dopant metal simple-substance, metallic compound, non-metal simple-substance or nonmetallic compound, and contained element of described dopant or ion enter Li 4Ti 5O 12Lattice dot matrix or compound with it; Titanium is negative electrode active material Li 4Ti 5O 12M xAverage grain diameter be 0.1~30 μ m; Described metal simple-substance is Al, Mg, Cu, Ag, Ni, Co, Mn, Cd, Pb, Bi, Sn or Ge, metallic compound is an aluminium oxide, magnesium oxide, zirconia, cupric oxide, cuprous oxide, silver oxide, cobalt oxide, manganese dioxide, manganese sesquioxide managnic oxide, lead oxide, tin oxide, aluminum fluoride, lithium fluoride or magnesium fluoride, non-metal simple-substance is a boron, carbon, silicon, phosphorus or iodine, nonmetallic compound is furane resins, Lauxite, melamine resin, phenolic resins, epoxy resin, polyvinyl alcohol, polymethyl methacrylate, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyacrylonitrile; butadiene-styrene rubber, cellulose; glucose; more than one of coal tar pitch or petroleum asphalt.
2. titanium according to claim 1 is a negative electrode active material, it is characterized in that: described Li 4Ti 5O 12/ M xMatrix is coated with the coating layer of nanometer clad material, and the nanometer clad material is nano titanium oxide, aluminium oxide, magnesium oxide, zirconia, cuprous oxide, silver oxide, tin oxide, acetylene black or nano-carbon material, and the thickness of coating layer is between 5~50nm.
3. a titanium is the negative electrode active material preparation method, may further comprise the steps: one, press the lithium in the inorganic lithium salt: titanium dioxide: doping vario-property agent mol ratio 1.9~2.1:4.9~5.1: greater than 0~10 mixed composite lithium titanate precursor mixture that gets; Described inorganic lithium salt is a lithium hydroxide, lithium carbonate, lithium acetate, lithium chloride, lithium sulfate, lithium nitrate, lithium iodide, tert-butyl alcohol lithium, lithium benzoate, lithium formate, lithium fluoride, lithium chromate, four water citric acid lithiums, tetrachloro-lithium aluminate, lithium bromide, LiBF4 or lithium oxalate, the doping vario-property agent is a metal simple-substance, metallic compound, non-metal simple-substance or nonmetallic compound, described metal simple-substance is Al, Mg, Cu, Ag, Ni, Co, Mn, Cd, Pb, Bi, Sn or Ge, metallic compound is an aluminium oxide, magnesium oxide, zirconia, cupric oxide, cuprous oxide, silver oxide, cobalt oxide, manganese dioxide, manganese sesquioxide managnic oxide, lead oxide, tin oxide, aluminum fluoride, lithium fluoride or magnesium fluoride, non-metal simple-substance is a boron, carbon, silicon, phosphorus or iodine, nonmetallic compound is furane resins, Lauxite, melamine resin, phenolic resins, epoxy resin, polyvinyl alcohol, polymethyl methacrylate, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyacrylonitrile; butadiene-styrene rubber, cellulose; glucose; more than one of coal tar pitch or petroleum asphalt; Two, mixture is scattered in the organic solvent by mass ratio 1~1.5:1, spray-drying process under 100~350 ℃ of conditions obtains disperseing powder; Three, will disperse the programming rate of powder with 1~15 ℃/min, heat treatment is 4~40 hours in 500~950 ℃ temperature range, and naturally cooling to and obtaining titanium below 150 ℃ is negative electrode active material.
4. titanium according to claim 3 is the negative electrode active material preparation method, it is characterized in that: the described lithium of pressing in the inorganic lithium salt: titanium dioxide: doping vario-property agent: nanometer clad material mol ratio 1.9~2.1:4.9~5.1: greater than 0~10: greater than 0~4.0 mixed composite lithium titanate precursor mixture that gets; The nanometer clad material is nano titanium oxide, aluminium oxide, magnesium oxide, zirconia, cuprous oxide, silver oxide, tin oxide, acetylene black or nano-carbon material.
5. be the negative electrode active material preparation method according to claim 3 or 4 described titaniums, it is characterized in that: pulverize and sieve after the described cooling, the titanium that obtains granularity and be 0.1~30 μ m is a negative electrode active material.
6. titanium according to claim 5 is the negative electrode active material preparation method, it is characterized in that: the method with high-speed stirred or ball milling is adopted in described mixing, and rotating speed 100~500r/min grinds and disperseed 2~40 hours.
7. titanium according to claim 6 is the negative electrode active material preparation method, it is characterized in that: described organic solvent is ethanol or acetone.
8. titanium according to claim 7 is the negative electrode active material preparation method, it is characterized in that: feed argon gas or nitrogen during the described heat treatment.
9. a titanium based lithium-ion electrokinetic cell has positive pole and negative pole, it is characterized in that: described negative pole is Li 4Ti 5O 12/ M x, conductive agent and the binding agent that is dissolved in the N-methyl pyrrolidone form, mass ratio is 85~95%:3~10%:2~10%, wherein: 0<x≤10, Li 4Ti 5O 12Be spinel lithium titanate, M is dopant metal simple-substance, metallic compound, non-metal simple-substance or nonmetallic compound, and contained element of described dopant or ion enter Li 4Ti 5O 12Lattice dot matrix or compound with it, average grain diameter are 0.1~30 μ m; Described metal simple-substance is Al, Mg, Cu, Ag, Ni, Co, Mn, Cd, Pb, Bi, Sn or Ge, metallic compound is an aluminium oxide, magnesium oxide, zirconia, cupric oxide, cuprous oxide, silver oxide, cobalt oxide, manganese dioxide, manganese sesquioxide managnic oxide, lead oxide, tin oxide, aluminum fluoride, lithium fluoride or magnesium fluoride, non-metal simple-substance is a boron, carbon, silicon, phosphorus or iodine, nonmetallic compound is furane resins, Lauxite, melamine resin, phenolic resins, epoxy resin, polyvinyl alcohol, polymethyl methacrylate, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyacrylonitrile; butadiene-styrene rubber, cellulose; glucose; more than one of coal tar pitch or petroleum asphalt.
10. titanium based lithium-ion electrokinetic cell according to claim 9 is characterized in that: described Li 4Ti 5O 12M xMatrix is coated with the coating layer of nanometer clad material, and the nanometer clad material is nano titanium oxide, aluminium oxide, magnesium oxide, zirconia, cuprous oxide, silver oxide, tin oxide, acetylene black or nano-carbon material, and the thickness of coating layer is between 5~50nm.
11. according to claim 9 or 10 described titanium based lithium-ion electrokinetic cells, it is characterized in that: described just very iron system or manganese are that active material, conductive agent and the binding agent that is dissolved in the N-methyl pyrrolidone are formed, and mass ratio is 85~95%:3~10%:2~10%.
12. titanium based lithium-ion electrokinetic cell according to claim 11 is characterized in that: described iron is that active material is LiFePO 4Or Li 2FeSiO 4, manganese is that active material is LiMnPO 4, LiCo xNi yMn (1-x-y)O 2, wherein 0≤x<1,0≤y<1, Li[Li xMn (2-x)] O 4, 0≤x<1/3 wherein, Li[M xMn (2-x)] O 4, 0<x<1 wherein, M is the 3d transition metal, Li 2MnSiO 4
13. titanium based lithium-ion electrokinetic cell according to claim 12 is characterized in that: described iron system and manganese are that active active material average grain diameter is 0.1~30 μ m.
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