CN101372843B - Friction type finite sway shock absorber strut - Google Patents
Friction type finite sway shock absorber strut Download PDFInfo
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- CN101372843B CN101372843B CN2008102015932A CN200810201593A CN101372843B CN 101372843 B CN101372843 B CN 101372843B CN 2008102015932 A CN2008102015932 A CN 2008102015932A CN 200810201593 A CN200810201593 A CN 200810201593A CN 101372843 B CN101372843 B CN 101372843B
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the structural engineering technical field, particularly to a friction-type limitation tilting shock absorption post. The upper and the lower posts of a device are in splicing connection; posts are connected with a splice plate through a high strength bolt, and a ribbed stiffener is arranged on the splice plate on the outer side of a section steel post flange; the sectionsteel post provides vertical bearing force and restoring force, so that the sliding generated by the friction force between the section steel post and the splice plate can be overcome to enable the upper structure to tilt; the arrangement of an oblong hole stops the structure from tilting, thereby enabling the side displacement of the structure not to be too large and preventing the structure from tilting; and the friction between the section steel post and the splice plate can dissipate the earthquake energy, and a friction sheet can increase friction effect and transfer the vertical force through the friction when the posts are fixed. The invention has the advantages of structure side-displacement limitation, small residual deformation, good shock resistance performance, ductility, hysteretic energy consumption capacity, convenient installation and replacement, installations on different floors, and realization of tilting of local floors. Therefore, the shock absorption post is an excellent structural member with shock resistance and energy consumption.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of structural engineering, be specifically related to a kind of friction type finite sway shock absorber strut.
Background technology
Lift up the damping design concept that (rocking) damping is a kind of novelty.In traditional seismic design notion, superstructure and basis, bottom are fastening, and structure can not be lifted up the basis, bottom that gets loose up and down, and seismic forces is mainly resisted by lateral resistant member (supporting shear wall etc.).Traditional seismic isolation technology then be by in building certain layer that lateral rigidity is set is less but earthquake isolating equipment that deformability is big reduces the energy input of earthquake to upper floor, thereby reduce the earthquake response of upper floor.
It is basic identical with the earthquake response of conventional structure under the situation of little shake and middle shake to lift up structure.And under big earthquake situations condition, the tilt vibration damper technology allows the top of structure and basis to break away from, that utilizes structure top lifts the dissipation seismic energy, and can the transmission of isolating strong earthquake in superstructure, guarantee that superstructure is in elasticity, thereby can significantly reduce the lateral resistant member of superstructure and the redundancy of superstructure member, this measure can be saved material, reduces cost.On the other hand, the disengaging on structure and basis makes the side column of structure and body of wall can not produce vertical pull out force, thereby prevents that basis and substructure under big earthquake situations condition heavy damage taking place, and can simplify base configuration, saves foundation cost, and economic benefit is obvious.
Existing deficiency of lifting up structure mainly is, does not reasonably lift up bearing.Existing lift up the bearing energy dissipation capacity a little less than, and to the amplitude of lifting up without limits, under big earthquake situations condition, structural entity energy dissipation capacity deficiency is lifted up lifting of structure top and will be caused structure generation sidesway, when sidesway was excessive, structural entity will be toppled.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of friction type finite sway shock absorber strut, make its performance that possesses traditional tilt vibration damper structure and advantage, be identical under the medium and small shake with the conventional structure earthquake response, big shake allows superstructure and basis to produce relative displacement down, the dissipation seismic energy, and have from recoverability or the like.Mainly overcome simultaneously the existing two kinds of deficiencies that bearing exists of lifting up, promptly bearing lift the excessive so that structural entity of back structure lateral displacement topple with the bearing energy dissipation capacity a little less than.Shock effect when bearing falls after rise in addition, bearing are lifted the back bigger deficiencies such as permanent set of generation and have also been obtained solving well.
The friction type finite sway shock absorber strut that the present invention proposes, by H steel column upper prop 1, H steel column lower prop 2, scab 3, stiffening rib 4 is formed, wherein, be arranged with slotted hole 7 vertically on the edge of a wing of H steel column upper prop 1 bottom and the web, on the edge of a wing on H steel column lower prop 2 tops and the web vertically symmetry offer slotted hole 7, the bottom of H steel column upper prop 1 is connected by scab 3 with the top of H steel column lower prop 2, the slotted hole 7 that high-strength bolt 5 passes the bottom of H steel column upper prop 1 is connected with scab 3, the bottom of H steel column upper prop 1 and scab 3 junctions are provided with friction plate 8, the slotted hole 7 that high-strength bolt 5 passes the top of H steel column lower prop 2 is connected with scab 3, the top of H steel column lower prop 2 and scab 3 junctions are provided with friction plate 8, and stiffening rib 4 lays respectively on the scab 3 in the outside, H steel column upper prop 1 edge of a wing and the outside, H steel column lower prop 2 edges of a wing.
Among the present invention, H steel column upper prop 1 is 2:1 with the aspect ratio of H steel column lower prop 2.
Among the present invention, described friction plate 8 is selected in copper sheet, asbestos or the rubber any for use.
Among the present invention, be provided with rubber pad between H steel column upper prop 1 and the H steel column lower prop 2.The rubber pad cross-sectional sizes is identical with the steel column cross section.Rubber pad is close to H steel column lower prop 2 tops.
Among the present invention, the steel frame steel column is divided into upper prop, lower prop two parts, is spliced by scab at about 1/3 floor height place at the bottom of post, and steel column bears vertical load.Near steel column up and down on the post edge of a wing of two parts junction and the web symmetry offer slotted hole.Folder is established friction plate (can select copper sheet, asbestos, rubber etc. for use) between steel column and scab, can transmit vertical force by friction, is connected with high-strength bolt between steel column and the scab.Under normal operating condition or small earthquakes, the post that forms by this structure is the same with the plain edition steel column, for structure provides enough bearing capacity and rigidity.And under big shake effect, the frictional force between steel column and the scab is overcome, and the relative scab of steel column produces and slides, thereby overall structure is lifted up; Because the hole of slotted hole is long limited, steel column will be restricted with relative slip between the scab, thereby lateral displacements will be restricted, and structure can not toppled because of sidesway is excessive; By the seismic energy that can effectively dissipate of the friction between steel column, friction plate and the scab, thereby whole post reaches the purpose of spacing tilt vibration damper.
Friction type finite sway shock absorber strut is spliced by upper and lower two parts steel column, and upper and lower two parts steel column is called upper prop and lower prop.Steel column, friction plate and scab are connected by high-strength bolt, have enough fastening forces each other.Under normal mode of occupation state, vertical force is not enough to overcome above-mentioned three maximum static friction force each other, and agent structure is in elastic stage.Therefore this post is the same with the plain edition steel column carries, and provides enough rigidity for structure.When larger earthquake took place, horizontal seismic force produced each post and bigger vertically draws, pressure, slided thereby the frictional force that overcomes the junction produces, and overall structure presents lifts up effect.After structure was lifted up, because cunning is Once you begin played in the friction junction, its rigidity was vanishing, made the rigidity of structure softening, thus the natural vibration period of extending structure.Therefore in sliding process, change the natural frequency and the basic vibration mode of original structure, reduced the amplitude of structure, avoided the resonance or the quasi-resonance effect of structure, further avoided structure to produce heavy damage.
Under normal mode of occupation, high-strength bolt is anchored on the bottom of upper and lower column length circular hole, connecting-type steel column, friction plate and scab.This moment, the vertical force of post mainly relied on the friction between friction plate and steel column, friction plate and the scab to transmit in splicing place.Owing in advance high-strength bolt is applied pretension, therefore connect between the contact surface of back enough fastening, thereby provide powerful frictional force for rubbing surface.This moment, high-strength bolt did not bear shearing, and is therefore favourable to high-strength bolt.When structure was lifted up, tension side steel column upper prop moved up, and the high-strength bolt in the slotted hole relative opening on it moves up.Be positioned at the slotted hole bottom when high-strength bolt is initial,, drive scab and move up, in the slotted hole of lower prop, upwards slide thereby drive scab lower end high-strength bolt because relative motion trend is cut bolt.Lower prop is fixed on the sole plate.In the process that moves upward, the slotted hole and the high-strength bolt of upper prop do not have relative displacement, and high-strength bolt is positioned at the slotted hole bottom all the time; Lower prop is fixed, and high-strength bolt upwards slides in slotted hole.Because the slotted hole limited length, when the bolt in the column length circular hole slid into the slotted hole top instantly, slip was restricted, bolt can not continue upwards to slide together with scab, thereby make upper prop can not continue upwards to slide, structure is lifted up and is restricted, and structure lateral displacement also will no longer increase.When structure was lifted up, compression-side steel column upper prop moved down, and the high-strength bolt in the slotted hole relative opening on it moves down.Owing between steel column and the scab force of sliding friction is arranged, makes scab that the trend of downward motion also be arranged.All be positioned at the slotted hole bottom when high-strength bolt is initial, the bolt that is positioned at the lower prop slotted hole can not move down.Therefore, in the process that moves downward, scab, high-strength bolt and lower prop maintain static, and upper prop moves down.Be subjected to the long restriction in hole equally, after top, upper prop slotted hole hole slid onto the bolt place, upper prop can not continue to lower slider.Upper prop in order to prevent its impact to lower prop, can be established elastomeric material at upper and lower column section gap folder, to play cushioning effect to lower slider the time; Also can reduce simultaneously the impact of upper prop inner bolt and hole wall.Effective sliding length of slotted hole is about 3cm, and the structure lateral displacement cause of sliding thus meets the regulation of sidesway limit value, and structure can not toppled.Therefore to reach spacing be limited purpose of lifting up to this shock-damping structure.
When slotted hole hole wall on the steel column contacted with high-strength bolt and extruding takes place, bolt was subjected to die-cut and shearing action.Because there is enough big friction area the junction, can share the shearing that a part of bolt is subjected to, so intensity is set and the bigger high-strength bolt of the diameter of bolt can guarantee its shear resistance.Aspect shear-carrying capacity, owing to scab all is set, is cut sectional area and increased in the both sides of the steel column edge of a wing and web, shear-carrying capacity is also strengthened.On the edge of a wing and web of steel column, because the slotted hole aperture is not very big, it is not a lot of that the cross section weakens, and still can provide enough shear resistances.On the scab in the outside, the edge of a wing, stiffening rib is set, can guarantees the bending resistance of post in splicing place.
After structure is lifted up, the seismic energy that can dissipate of the friction by steel column and scab, the friction plate established of folder has increased the friction energy-dissipating ability of structure between the two.Therefore compare with traditional tilt vibration damper structure, except by the whole tilt vibration damper of structure, can also be by friction energy-dissipating quite a few earthquake input energy that dissipates, the structure collectivity energy dissipation capacity greatly increases.
In a word, the present invention allows the generation of lifting up under the situation that axial, shearing resistance and anti-bending bearing capacity do not decline to a great extent, and by friction energy-dissipating and stable hysteretic energy performance is provided, the sidesway of limit structural plays the effect that prevents that structure from toppling; Simultaneously, move on on the post from bearing lifting up the position, post can assemble in advance, be convenient to install, do not need to adopt special complicated support style, also can be installed in different floors place, realize lifting up of local floor, and the replacing of shake back is easy, is a kind of component form of lifting up that has much prospect.This kind lifted up in the member, and slotted hole plays the effect of limiting structure sidesway again when structure can be lifted up, and be main simultaneously by friction energy-dissipating, so be referred to as friction type finite sway shock absorber strut.
Among the present invention, on the edge of a wing of steel column splicing place and web, offer slotted hole respectively.For preventing post relatively rotating planar, offer two slotted holes along the equal symmetry of the axis of every edge of a wing and web.For preventing that slotted hole end steel plate from cutting off, (top, hole) should be less than 4 times of apertures from post section Edge Distance at the bottom of the hole.
Among the present invention, all be provided with equicohesive scab of post and folder in the edge of a wing of steel column splicing place and web both sides respectively and establish friction plate.
Among the present invention, on the scab of the outside, the steel column edge of a wing, stiffening rib is set.
Among the present invention, high-strength bolt is fixed on the scab, is positioned at the slotted hole bottom of upper and lower post.
Among the present invention, establish a rubber pad between upper prop and the lower prop.About 3cm is thick for rubber pad, and cross-sectional sizes is identical with the steel column cross section.Rubber pad is close to the lower prop top, leaves certain distance with the upper prop bottom, and this distance equates with the absolute sliding length of bolt in slotted hole or be smaller, is about about 3cm.
Among the present invention, steel column and boots beam and base plate welding.Between the boots beam dividing plate is set, boots beam and dividing plate all weld with base plate.Base plate is connected with crab-bolt with the basis.
In the present invention, the steel column slotted hole is during along vertical slippage, because stop (essence is the slotted hole limited length) of bolt continued slippage, the top layer sidesway of limit structural no longer up or down.The friction of double shear type all is set at the steel column edge of a wing and web place is connected, for given high-strength bolt pretension and friction material, when the frictional force during friction connection double shear is simple shear 2 times.Friction element under course under cyclic loading, not only tension, and pressurized.When pressurized, the pressure of simple shear friction element forms couple not point-blank, causes warpage or side direction unstability easily.Symmetry is stressed during double shear, and the steel column edge of a wing and web are retrained by the two sides splicing plate, are difficult for causing sidewise buckling or unstability.Warpage during tension and compression can cause the friction element unstable properties.The energy consumer performance that is connected and composed by the friction of double shear type is comparatively stable, and frictional force does not have bigger fluctuation.In order to increase energy dissipation capacity, and guarantee Frictional Slipping power equalization stable, the place does blasting treatment at frictional contact surface.Along with the increase of cycle-index, the frictional force of junction is on a declining curve, mainly is that the wearing and tearing owing to rubbing surface cause.When slide relatively in the friction plate surface, because the formed adhesion node of sticking effect generation shear failure, the material that is sheared or come off into abrasive dust, or by a surface migration to another surface, make rubbing surface become smooth and friction factor is reduced, simultaneously, the wearing and tearing of rubbing surface also can make the pretension in the high-strength bolt produce loss and normal pressure is reduced, thereby cause frictional resistance to reduce.Have experimental study to show, copper coin friction plate friction energy dissipation device is housed, along with the increase of cycle-index, frictional resistance does not have obvious decline.Therefore suggestion selects for use folder to establish the copper coin friction plate among the present invention.Bolt hole and elongated slot should adopt fine finishining as far as possible, and itself and high-strength bolt are closely cooperated, and have the gap between high-strength bolt and bolt hole, can produce relative slippage, make hysteresis loop lose a coulomb characteristic, slotted hole groove edge rough, high-strength bolt is blocked, frictional force is produced jump.Friction element is not tight with being connected of connecting rod or support, will the performance of friction element is not in full use.Bolt hole can carry out fine finishining with reamer, makes diameter of bolt hole only than the big 0.2～0.3mm of screw diameter, and high-strength bolt should adopt burnished bolt.
Among the present invention, steel column is along vertically lifting up, because the length restriction of slotted hole makes steel column can not continue to slide up or down, limit structural top layer sidesway has prevented structure because excessive sidesway topples.Under middle shake or big shake effect (determining) according to design, steel column is before the surrender of agent structure member, produce slippage by predetermined slip load, the mechanism that relies on the friction dissipation energy is provided, because playing junction, sliding back, post only bears fixing load simultaneously, be that frictional force remains unchanged between contact surface, all the other loads are still born by structure, and structure internal force will take place effectively heavily to distribute.After lifting up, superstructure and basis break away from, and the pulling force in lifting post is limited on the contact surface sliding friction force level, thereby the pulling force in the post is significantly reduced, and has alleviated basic burden like this; Because the pulling force of post has reduced, lifting up the opposite side that movable property is given birth to, the pressure in the post has also reduced accordingly, has so also alleviated basic burden, has prevented the heavy damage of basis and bottom column, when guaranteeing structural safety, has also reduced basic cost.
The present invention has eliminated existing shortcoming of lifting up bearing, improved the ductility of structure, this kind member is a kind of energy-dissipating and shock-absorbing member in essence, produce the seismic energy that dissipates that rubs by the power consumption connection, reducing the earthquake reflection of agent structure, the scope of lifting up of limiting structure in power consumption, thus play the effect of limiting structure sidesway, avoid the destruction of superstructure or collapsed, reached the purpose of damping control.
Friction type finite sway shock absorber strut provided by the invention is a kind of novel tilt vibration damper member, it is damping effectively, provide hysteretic energy performance stably, when avoiding superstructure and foundation failure, having lowered the cost on superstructure and basis, bottom effectively, is a kind of component form of lifting up that has much prospect.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the overall schematic of friction type finite sway shock absorber strut of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the scheme of installation of friction type finite sway shock absorber strut of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the positive elevational schematic view of friction type finite sway shock absorber strut of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the side elevation schematic diagram of friction type finite sway shock absorber strut of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the generalized section of friction type finite sway shock absorber strut of the present invention.
Number in the figure: 1 is H steel column upper prop, and 2 is H steel column lower prop, and 3 is scab, and 4 is stiffening rib, and 5 is high-strength bolt, and 6 is rubber pad, and 7 is slotted hole, and 8 is friction plate.
The specific embodiment
The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing:
As Fig. 1,2,3, shown in 4,5, the friction type finite sway shock absorber strut among the present invention is made up of H steel column upper prop 1, H steel column lower prop 2, scab 3, stiffening rib 4, high-strength bolt 5, rubber pad 6 and friction plate 8; H steel column upper prop 1 offers two slotted holes 7 along the equal symmetry of the axis of every edge of a wing and web, correspondingly, H steel column lower prop 2 offers two slotted holes 7 along the equal symmetry of the axis of every edge of a wing and web, section Edge Distance from upper prop 1 or lower prop 2 at the bottom of the hole of slotted hole 7 should be less than 4 times of apertures, and slotted hole 7 can be reserved in factory.H steel column upper prop 1 can splice in factory in advance with H steel column lower prop 2 to be finished.During splicing, friction plate 8 is fixed in H steel column upper prop 1 bottom and H steel column lower prop 2 tops earlier with viscose in advance, H steel column upper prop 1, H steel column lower prop 2 are connected by high-strength bolt 5 splicings with scab 3 then, high-strength bolt 5 is fixed on the scab 3, is positioned at slotted hole 7 bottoms.During construction, will directly get final product at the good H steel column of shop splice with basic the connection with beam.
Claims (4)
1. friction type finite sway shock absorber strut, by H steel column upper prop (1), H steel column lower prop (2), scab (3), stiffening rib (4) is formed, it is characterized in that on the edge of a wing of H steel column upper prop (1) bottom and the web that symmetry offers slotted hole (7) vertically, on the edge of a wing on H steel column lower prop (2) top and the web vertically symmetry offer slotted hole (7), the bottom of H steel column upper prop (1) is connected by scab (3) with the top of H steel column lower prop (2), the slotted hole (7) that high-strength bolt (5) passes the top of H steel column lower prop (1) is connected with scab (3), the bottom of H steel column upper prop (1) and scab (3) junction are provided with friction plate (8), the slotted hole (7) that high-strength bolt (5) passes the bottom of H steel column upper prop (1) is connected with scab (3), the top of H steel column lower prop (2) and scab (3) junction are provided with friction plate (8), and stiffening rib (4) lays respectively on the scab (3) in the outside, H steel column upper prop (1) edge of a wing and the outside, H steel column lower prop (2) edge of a wing.
2. friction type finite sway shock absorber strut according to claim 1 is characterized in that the H steel column upper prop (1) and the aspect ratio of H steel column lower prop (2) are 2:1.
3. friction type finite sway shock absorber strut according to claim 1 is characterized in that described friction plate (8) selects in copper sheet, asbestos or the rubber any for use.
4. friction type finite sway shock absorber strut according to claim 1, it is characterized in that being provided with rubber pad between H steel column upper prop (1) and the H steel column lower prop (2), the rubber pad cross-sectional sizes is identical with the steel column cross section, and rubber pad is close to H steel column lower prop (2) top.
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Address after: 310000 Xihu District, Hangzhou, ancient Pier Road, No., building two, building 389 Patentee after: Elephant Architectural Design Co., Ltd. Address before: 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai, No. 200092 Patentee before: Tongji University |