CN101370282B - Method and apparatus for signal channel perception by cognition system - Google Patents
Method and apparatus for signal channel perception by cognition system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A method and device for perceiving the system sensing channel, which mainly comprises: confirming the detecting tactics in the local perceiving system according to the occupied state of the current channel in the local perceiving system; then executing the detecting tactics and detecting the situation of channel occupation for the current channel; thereby, the embodiment of the invention agilely select the corresponding detecting operation according to the predicted time, signal type and other parameters to reduce the load caused by the periodical detection and rationally use the channel detecting resource.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to wireless communication technology field, relate in particular to a kind of method and device of signal channel perception by cognition system.
Background technology
Cognitive radio technology is a kind of can the assurance under the prerequisite of not disturbing authorized user, uses the technology of frequency spectrum cavity-pocket efficiently, neatly, and wherein, described frequency spectrum cavity-pocket is meant unappropriated frequency range under certain hour and space.Because cognitive radio technology can effectively improve the utilance at limited frequency spectrum resources, therefore, cognitive radio technology obtains the extensive concern of industry gradually in recent years.
Cognitive system based on cognitive radio technology has the channel perception ability, guarantees that by this perceptional function cognitive system can be under the situation of not disturbing authorized user, flexible use authority user frequency range.If cognitive system detects the authorized user busy channel, then in the regular hour, withdraw from the authorized user busy channel, guarantee that authorized user can normally use respective channel.
In cognitive system, corresponding perceptional function is finished jointly by base station in the system and terminal, promptly behind terminal access cognition system, need to carry out perception, and sensing results fed back to serving BS, can effectively improve the perception of whole cognitive system by this distributed perceptive mode, thereby effectively avoid the interference of cognitive system authorized user.
The terminal of access cognition system both can independently be carried out perception in carrying out perception, also can carry out perception under the scheduling of base station.
Cognitive system needs channel is detected in the channel perception process, specifically can periodically detect channel, comprises the interior detection of band and is with outer the detection, so that the frequency spectrum that upgrades in time takies map.Wherein, detect in the band and be meant the detection of carrying out at the working channel of cognitive system, need periodically arrange quiet period for realizing detecting in the band, carrying out authorized user jointly by base station and user terminal detects, described quiet period is meant a frequency time block that whether exists authorized user to set in the working channel for accurately perceiving, the cognitive system uplink and downlink transfer of data on the channel that in this quiet period, needs to quit work, and only detect the authorization user signal that may exist on the channel; Band is outer to detect the detection of carrying out on other channels that are meant outside the working channel of cognitive system, and outer detection of band needs the periodic scheduling terminal use to detect.Particularly, in band, comprise in the testing process: at first arrange periodically quiet period, when quiet period, carry out rough detection; Afterwards, if in quiet period, detect signal, then arrange smart the detection, to confirm the signal type (as TV signal or microphone signal etc.) of authorized user greater than thresholding.
Except that adopting periodicity Channel Detection mode, can also introduce two independent switch variablees at present, by this switching variable channel occupancy and idle condition are described; Like this, just can estimate that channel occupancy and idle condition obtain the distribution function of switching variable, and then estimate suitable Channel Detection opportunity, thereby realize the adaptive sense cycle that is provided with according to the distribution function of switching variable according to the channel statistical rule.
In realizing process of the present invention, the inventor finds that there are the following problems at least in the prior art:
In above-mentioned periodicity Channel Detection scheme,, make the Channel Detection process will cause the terminal load excessive owing to need take a large amount of terminal resources at the detection of unlike signal on the different channels;
In the Channel Detection scheme of above-mentioned insertion switch variable, then, make that the whole implement process complexity is higher owing to need to estimate in real time the distribution function of channel; And, because channel may be taken by multiple authorized user and unauthorized user, be difficult to estimate unified switching variable distribution function about channel, therefore, there is certain realization difficulty in actual applications in this Channel Detection scheme.
Summary of the invention
Embodiments of the invention provide a kind of method and device of signal channel perception by cognition system, carry out the moment of Channel Detection with choose reasonable, thereby make the Channel Detection resource reasonably to be used.
The embodiment of the invention provides a kind of method of signal channel perception by cognition system, comprising:
In local cognitive system, determine corresponding detection strategy at channel according to the seizure condition of the channel in the local cognitive system and the operating position of channel;
Carry out described detection strategy, to the detection of carrying out the channel occupancy situation of current channel.
The embodiment of the invention provides a kind of device of signal channel perception by cognition system, comprising:
Detect the policy selection unit, in local cognitive system, be used for determining corresponding detection strategy at channel according to the seizure condition of the channel of local cognitive system and the operating position of channel;
The Channel Detection unit is used to carry out the detection strategy that described detection policy selection unit is selected, to the detection of carrying out the channel occupancy situation of current channel.
The technical scheme that provides by the embodiment of the invention described above as can be seen, the embodiment of the invention can be chosen in the corresponding time exactly and carry out the Channel Detection operation, periodically detects the load that brings thereby reduce, and reasonably uses the Channel Detection resource.
Description of drawings
The channel detection process scheme schematic diagram that Fig. 1 provides for the embodiment of the invention;
The structural representation of the device that Fig. 2 provides for the embodiment of the invention.
Embodiment
In the embodiment of the invention, specifically can be according to the seizure condition of the channel that detect to obtain before and cognitive system operating position to channel, the authorized user on channel detected be divided into periodically that detection mode, detection of dynamic mode or event-driven detection mode etc. detect strategy.Thereby the periodicity that solves available technology adopting detects and causes OL problem, and has solved and adopt the channel distribution function dynamically to adjust the problem that is difficult to realize on the engineering of sense cycle.
Further, the embodiment of the invention is to determine the corresponding detection strategy at channel according to the operating position of the seizure condition of the channel in the local cognitive system and channel, promptly the seizure condition of the channel that can determine according to preceding one-time detection and cognitive system to the operating position of channel (such as this channel be working channel or candidate channel or by neighbours' cognitive system as working channel, or the like), select start-up period detection mode, detection of dynamic mode or carry out Channel Detection by the mode that event-driven detects.For example, in the Channel Detection process, can be in conjunction with the historical data of frequency spectrum use, dynamic assignment authorization user signal perception task is dynamically set sense cycle, or the like.Wherein, described seizure condition can be authorized user seizure condition, local cognitive system seizure condition, neighbours' cognitive system seizure condition or channel clear etc.
In realizing embodiment of the invention process, the corresponding dynamic detection mode can for: under channel clear or local cognitive system seizure condition, determine the moment that channel is detected according to the time of the authorized user busy channel of prediction; Perhaps, also can discharge time in definite moment of dynamically adjusting the Channel Detection cycle of channel according to the authorized user of prediction under the authorized user seizure condition.For this reason, need preservation information in advance be used for the authorized user busy channel predicted time or discharge time of channel, described information of preserving in advance comprises authorization user signal type, temporal information (being the time of described authorized user busy channel or the time that discharges channel) and channel logo (being used to identify a certain concrete channel), accordingly, specifically can adopt the described corresponding information of preserving in advance of authorization user signal types index, certainly, also can adopt the described corresponding information of preserving in advance of other information indexs.
In realizing embodiment of the invention process, events corresponding drive detection mode can for: under neighbours' cognitive system seizure condition, the information and executing Channel Detection operation of sending according to the neighbours' cognitive system that obtains; Perhaps, also can be under channel clear, carry out the Channel Detection operation according to event in the cognitive system, for example, channel switching event takes place after, just can trigger corresponding Channel Detection process, particularly, can but be not limited to the channel that last detection time according to channel, preferential selection detected recently and carry out the Channel Detection operation.
The embodiment of the invention with reference to shown in Figure 1, specifically can be divided into frequency spectrum resource (being channel) according to sensing results in concrete application process: busy channel, idle channel and unavailable channel; Wherein, busy channel can be divided into: authorized user takies with cognitive system and takies (comprise local cognitive system takies with neighbours' cognitive system take) two kinds; Corresponding unavailable channel is meant the channel that can not be used by cognitive system, and such channel be need not to detect.According to classification results as can be known, cognitive system need be arranging to detect on busy channel and the idle channel set frequency range, with perception authorized user and idle channel.
At present, detection at channel comprises the interior detection of band and is with outer the detection, wherein, the purpose that detects in the band of carrying out on working channel is for fear of the interference to authorized user, and the purpose that detects outside the band of carrying out on other channels outside working channel is in order to find idle channel as soon as possible.Below will be respectively to describing with interior and the outer implementation procedure that detects of band.
(1) implementation procedure that detects in the band
In band, in the testing process, specifically can adopt implementation to comprise:
Scheme one: periodicity detection mode
The situation of the time that occurs for the authorized user of unpredictable next busy channel, then disturb in order to guarantee authorized user not to be produced, can adopt the mode that periodically detects to carry out in the band detects, for example, channel for the cognitive system seizure condition, if the time of occurrence of unpredictable authorized user then can adopt periodically detection mode execution Channel Detection;
In this scheme, the setting in the cycle of periodic measurement need be satisfied the requirement of cognitive system, be that requirement can not cause interference to authorized user during corresponding measuring period, for example, if cognitive system is no more than time span T to the interference of authorized user, then corresponding measuring period need be less than time value T.For example,,, specifically relevant detection period T 1 can be set at working channel with reference to shown in Figure 1, and according to the channel energy detection operation of this period T 1 execution at working channel.
Scheme two: event-driven detection mode
When energy measuring is sought energy greater than the interference signal of thresholding, if be engraved in during t2 on the channel v2, energy measuring is greater than thresholding, then look into historical data, according to described historical data prediction constantly at t2, authorized user u2 may occur on the channel v2, then arrange scheduling most possibly to appear at the signal type u2 characteristic of correspondence detecting operation of the authorized user of this time-frequency, promptly be distributed in t2 and detect the last detecting operation of carrying out at the signal type u2 of authorized user of channel v2 constantly.
(2) the outer implementation procedure that detects of band
For the outer perception of band, promptly the outer situation about detecting of band according to up-to-date sensing results once, specifically can be divided into: to the perception of authorized user busy channel, to the perception of neighbours' cognitive system busy channel, and, will describe each perception respectively below the perception of idle channel:
Process one: to the perception of authorized user busy channel
Perception for the authorized user busy channel, specifically can be according to signal type, one or the multinomial detection task that dynamically arranges generation at the authorized user busy channel when predicting that this authorized user discharges the time of channel and predicting that best authorized user detects in the machine information, promptly dynamically adjust corresponding sense cycle, to realize the adopting detection of dynamic mode that channel is detected at the authorized user busy channel; For example, discharge at the authorized user of predicting near the time of channel, then can dwindle sense cycle, so that detect utilizable frequency spectrum as early as possible, perhaps, (before near the time of the authorized user release channel of promptly predicting) then can increase sense cycle, to save system resource before the prediction authorized user discharges the time of channel.As shown in Figure 1, when prediction discharges channel time t3, then will be considered to best start near the time and detect opportunity, and promptly adopt much smaller than the sense cycle T3 of the initialization sense cycle T2 that sets constantly and carry out the signal characteristic detecting operation at t3 at t3.
Process two: to the perception of neighbours' cognitive system busy channel
For the perception of neighbours' cognitive system busy channel, cognitive system can not arranged cycle Channel Detection task, but by the detection of Event triggered at authorized user busy channel on this channel; For example, the message-driven of the neighbours' cognitive system that obtains by communication between cognitive system generates accordingly the detection task at the authorized user busy channel situation of neighbours' cognitive system, perhaps, also can withdraw from this system event or drive the Channel Detection task that generates at neighbours' cognitive system by other frequency spectrum share message of neighbours' cognitive system etc. by neighbours' cognitive system.As shown in Figure 1, discharge the message of channel or assist message such as measurement request message, then can carry out events corresponding and drive detection mode and carry out Channel Detection if receive neighbours that neighbours' cognitive system is sent.
Process three: to the perception of idle channel
For the idle channel that has perceived, cognitive system also can not arranged periodically authorized user detection, detects task and carry out corresponding authorized user by event-driven; For example, can generate detection task by switching to working channel or switching to event-driven such as candidate channel to idle channel; Wherein, in the switching channels process, this channel last time can also be detected update time as the reference condition, and select preferential detection recent renewal to cross the channel of channel occupancy state for the free time, promptly preferentially detect the up-to-date channel that enters idle condition, perceive the possibility of effective idle channel with raising.As shown in Figure 1, send switch operating/candidate channel message, then can carry out the event-driven detection mode and carry out Channel Detection if be responsible for the channel management module of entire spectrum management map.
For example the WRAN system detects in the band and outside the band in order to realize, usually 4 kinds of MAC (MediaAccess Control have been defined, medium access control) message: BLM-REQ (Bulk MeasurementRequest, the measurement request), BLM-RSP (Bulk Measurement Response, the measurement response), BLM-REP (Bulk Measurement Report, measurement report) and BLM-ACK (Bulk Measurement Acknowledgement, measure confirm).A BLM-REQ message can comprise a plurality of measurement requests (Single Measurement Requests) message,
In detecting implementation procedure, embodiment of the invention detection strategy can be divided into and have periodic detection mode and do not have periodic single detection mode two classes.There is periodic detection mode for periodicity detection mode and detection of dynamic mode etc., cognitive system need be provided with sense cycle parameter (RestartDelay), detects for event-driven, detects not exist periodically, for single detects, do not need the setting of sense cycle parameter.The embodiment of the invention is for avoiding the interface-free resources waste, in the measurement request message form, according to detecting the detection mode that strategy is taked, judge whether it is that single detects, if be that single detects (Number of Repetitions=0 in the measurement message, measuring number of repetition is zero), expression only detects and carries out once, and then measurement request message is not carried the sense cycle parameter; If be not that single detects in the measurement message, then measurement request message is carried the sense cycle parameter.
The embodiment of the invention is in detecting implementation procedure, also can use replacement scheme, increase the type of message of a single measurement, and, there is not parameter measuring period in the measurement parameter that this message is carried for the new Management Message Type parameter of its distribution is different from the periodic measurement request management message that system has existed at present.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a kind of device of signal channel perception by cognition system, this device specifically can but be not limited to be arranged in the terminal equipment or the network equipment (as base station etc.), the specific implementation structure of this device specifically can comprise as shown in Figure 2:
(1) detects the policy selection unit, in local cognitive system, be used for determining corresponding detection strategy at channel according to the seizure condition of the channel of local cognitive system and the operating position of channel;
Alternatively, described detection policy selection unit specifically can comprise following at least one:
Periodically detect determining unit, be used to select to adopt periodically mode that channel is detected as detecting strategy, and notify described Channel Detection unit;
The detection of dynamic determining unit, be used for according to time of authorized user busy channel or after discharging the moment that time of channel determines channel is detected, select employing tactful to the mode that channel detects, and notify described Channel Detection unit as detecting in this moment;
Event-driven detects determining unit, be used under neighbours' cognitive system seizure condition, selecting to adopt the information of sending according to the neighbours' cognitive system that obtains tactful as detecting to the mode that channel detects, perhaps, event is tactful as detecting to the mode that channel detects in selecting to adopt according to cognitive system under channel clear, perhaps, after energy measuring is greater than threshold value, determine corresponding detection strategy to grasp according to the moment and the historical data prediction signal feature detection that detect greater than thresholding; Notify described Channel Detection unit with the detection strategy of selecting.
(2) Channel Detection unit is used to carry out the detection strategy that described detection policy selection unit is selected, to the detection of carrying out the channel occupancy situation of current channel, specifically can but do not limit and comprise energy detection unit and authorization user signal characteristic detection unit etc.
Alternatively, in this device, can also provide with local frequency spectrum and take the interface that historical data base is communicated by letter, can take the local frequency spectrum that obtains its preservation the historical data base from described local frequency spectrum by the described detection policy selection of this interface unit and take historical data, for example, the operating position of channel occupancy state and channel etc., be specifically as follows the time and the time that discharges channel of the authorized user busy channel of the prediction of preserving in advance, described information of preserving in advance specifically can comprise authorization user signal type, temporal information and channel logo etc.; And should this locality frequency spectrum taking historical data base specifically can adopt the wired connection interface to be connected communication with described detection policy selection unit in this device.
Alternatively, in this device, neighbours' communication message Transmit-Receive Unit in described detection policy selection unit further and the cognitive system and/or channel management module communication are used for the selection operation that message that the message sent according to neighbours' cognitive system that described neighbours' communication message Transmit-Receive Unit receives and/or channel management module send detects strategy.
Alternatively, in this device, described detection policy selection unit further periodically detects determining unit, detection of dynamic determining unit or event-driven detection determining unit according to detecting whether to adopt in the tactful detection determining unit of being taked, and then judge whether it is that single detects, be used to determine whether measurement request message carries the sense cycle parameter.
In sum, in the embodiment of the invention, owing to can rely on historical data, predict that each authorized user discharges the time of channel and the time of authorized user busy channel, thereby can be chosen in the operation of corresponding time execution Channel Detection exactly, make the Channel Detection effect improve greatly, for example, reduce and periodically detect the load that brings, reasonably use the Channel Detection resource.
The above; only for the preferable embodiment of the present invention, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and anyly is familiar with those skilled in the art in the technical scope that the present invention discloses; the variation that can expect easily or replacement all should be encompassed within protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be as the criterion with the protection range of claim.
Claims (13)
1. the method for a signal channel perception by cognition system is characterized in that, comprising:
In local cognitive system, determine the corresponding detection strategy at channel according to the seizure condition of the channel in the local cognitive system and the operating position of channel, described detection strategy comprises: periodicity detection mode, detection of dynamic mode or event-driven detection mode;
Carry out described detection strategy, current channel is carried out Channel Detection.
Described seizure condition comprises:
Authorized user seizure condition, local cognitive system seizure condition, neighbours' cognitive system seizure condition or channel clear.
2. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described detection of dynamic mode comprises:
Under channel clear or local cognitive system seizure condition,, near discharging constantly, adopt and predict the authorized user type detection according to the time of the authorized user busy channel of predicting in definite moment that channel is detected;
Perhaps,
Under the authorized user seizure condition, the time that discharges channel according to the authorized user of predicting is determined the dynamically moment in adjustment Channel Detection cycle, adopts the sense cycle of length before release constantly, adopts the sense cycle of weak point near release constantly.
3. method according to claim 2 is characterized in that, this method also comprises:
Preserve the time and the time that discharges channel of the authorized user busy channel of described prediction in advance, and corresponding authorization user signal type and channel logo.
4. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described event-driven detection mode comprises following at least one:
Under neighbours' cognitive system seizure condition, operate according to the information and executing Channel Detection that the neighbours' cognitive system that obtains is sent;
Under channel clear, carry out the Channel Detection operation according to event in the cognitive system.
5. method according to claim 4 is characterized in that, if event is a channel switching event in the described cognitive system, the processing of then described Channel Detection operation comprises:
After channel switching event takes place, according to the channel execution Channel Detection operation that last detection time, preferential selection detected recently of channel.
6. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, according to detecting the detection mode that strategy is taked, judges whether it is that single detects.
7. method according to claim 6 is characterized in that, if single detects, does not then carry the sense cycle parameter in measurement request message.
8. method according to claim 6 is characterized in that, detects if not single, then carries the sense cycle parameter in measurement request message.
9. the device of a signal channel perception by cognition system is characterized in that, comprising:
Detect the policy selection unit, be used for determining the corresponding detection strategy at channel according to the seizure condition of the channel of local cognitive system and the operating position of channel, described detection strategy comprises: periodically detection mode, detection of dynamic mode or event-driven detection mode;
The Channel Detection unit is used to carry out the detection strategy that described detection policy selection unit is selected, and current channel is carried out the channel occupancy situation detect;
Described seizure condition comprises:
Authorized user seizure condition, local cognitive system seizure condition, neighbours' cognitive system seizure condition or channel clear.
10. device according to claim 9 is characterized in that, described detection policy selection unit comprises following at least one:
Periodically detect determining unit, be used to select to adopt periodically mode that channel is detected as detecting strategy, and notify described Channel Detection unit;
The detection of dynamic determining unit, be used for according to time of authorized user busy channel or after discharging the moment that time of channel determines channel is detected, select employing tactful to the mode that channel detects, and notify described Channel Detection unit as detecting in this moment;
Event-driven detects determining unit, be used under neighbours' cognitive system seizure condition, selecting to adopt the information of sending according to the neighbours' cognitive system that obtains tactful as detecting to the mode that channel detects, perhaps, event is tactful as detecting to the mode that channel detects in selecting to adopt according to cognitive system under channel clear, perhaps, after energy measuring is greater than threshold value, according to the moment and the historical data prediction signal feature detection that detect greater than thresholding, to determine corresponding detection strategy; Notify described Channel Detection unit with the detection strategy of selecting.
11., it is characterized in that this device provides with local frequency spectrum and takies the interface that historical data base is communicated by letter according to claim 9 or 10 described devices, being used for by this interface is that described detection policy selection unit obtains local frequency spectrum and takies historical data.
12. device according to claim 11, it is characterized in that, described detection policy selection unit also with neighbours' communication message Transmit-Receive Unit and/or channel management module communication, be used for the selection operation that message that the message sent according to neighbours' cognitive system that described neighbours' communication message Transmit-Receive Unit receives and/or channel management module send detects strategy.
13. device according to claim 10 is characterized in that, described detection policy selection unit judges whether it is that single detects according to the detection determining unit of being taked, and is used to determine whether measurement request message carries the sense cycle parameter.
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| CN104956719A (en) * | 2013-01-29 | 2015-09-30 | 交互数字专利控股公司 | Scheduling fractions frequency gaps to enable sub band sensing |
| CN103428704B (en) * | 2013-07-30 | 2016-08-10 | 北京邮电大学 | A kind of frequency spectrum sensing method and device |
| CN104869586B (en) * | 2014-02-25 | 2019-11-05 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | A kind of processing method and access point apparatus of dynamic channel detection |
| US9912438B2 (en) * | 2015-02-11 | 2018-03-06 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Techniques for managing a plurality of radio access technologies accessing a shared radio frequency spectrum band |
| CN106877952A (en) * | 2017-03-20 | 2017-06-20 | 成都米风通信技术有限公司 | The DTMB frequency spectrum sensing methods of broadband white spectrum communication |
| CN110677877B (en) * | 2019-10-08 | 2022-02-22 | 迈普通信技术股份有限公司 | Wireless management frame sending method and device, AP (access point) equipment and storage medium |
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