CN101363833A - 一种土体击实装置及测定方法 - Google Patents

一种土体击实装置及测定方法 Download PDF

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CN101363833A
CN101363833A CN 200810211766 CN200810211766A CN101363833A CN 101363833 A CN101363833 A CN 101363833A CN 200810211766 CN200810211766 CN 200810211766 CN 200810211766 A CN200810211766 A CN 200810211766A CN 101363833 A CN101363833 A CN 101363833A
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Abstract

本发明是一种土体击实装置及测定方法，该装置由击实箱，击实架和重锤组成，击实箱由两块侧板，一块后板和一块有机玻璃板围成一个立方体箱，底板是一块带有排水槽的铁板，槽呈倾斜状，其中一个角点有泄水孔，用于沟槽排水，立方体箱通过嵌槽嵌固于底板上，底板和四周设置了密封圈，侧板，后板与底板用合页连接在一起，有机玻璃板与底板铆接密封在一起，有机玻璃板表面贴有带坐标网格的胶片，击实架放在击实筒上面，并用固定销固定击实箱位置，击实架上安装有滑轮，用于悬吊重锤，旁边安装有直尺，用于量测重锤高度，重锤是长方体金属块，用于锤击土体。

Description

一种土体击实装置及测定方法
技术领域
本发明是一种土工实验仪器，属于土木工程技术领域。
背景技术
我国使用击实土处理公路路基已有几十年的历史。众所周知，这种方法可以提高路基承载力和压缩模量，且该方法具有施工方便、经济效益显著等优点，得到越来越广泛的应用。然而该方法还没有一套成熟的理论和设计体系，更多的是依赖经验设计。野外施工条件复杂，研制一台室内土体击实装置以再现现场施工情况，对于研究土体击实后的物理力学机理及孔隙水压力变化特性至关重要。目前，国内仅有的是研究土体最大干密度的击实仪，还没有一台研究土体现场击实特性的实验装置。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种土体击实装置及测定方法，解决土体击实后的压缩模量与物理力学指标测试。
本发明的技术解决方案，其特征是土体击实装置由击实箱，击实架和重锤组成，击实箱由三块铁板和一块有机玻璃板围成一个立方体，底板是一块带有排水沟槽的铁板，沟槽呈倾斜状，其中一个角点有泄水孔，用于沟槽排水，箱体的底板和四周设置了密封圈，三块铁板与底板用合页连接在一起，有机玻璃板与底板铆接密封在一起，有机玻璃板表面贴有带坐标网格的胶片，用于读取击实沉降数据；击实架放在击实筒上面，并用固定销固定击实箱位置，击实架上安装有滑轮，用于悬吊重锤，旁边安装有直尺，用于量测重锤高度；重锤是长方体金属块，用于锤击土体。
测定方法为：(1)将一定含水量、质量的土体分层装入击实箱，将微型土压力计、孔隙水压力计、含水量探头、吸力探头按测试需求放入土层中，适当压密，从有机玻璃板胶片刻度可以读出数据，计算压实度；(2)将击实箱推进击实架下方，击实架上通过一组滑轮悬挂的重锤对土体进行半模击实或通过击实架中间滑轮悬挂的重锤进行全模击实；(3)重锤悬挂高度由直尺读出，重锤下落后锤击土体，产生位移沉降由带有坐标网格的胶片读出；(4)击实过程中，土体土压力，水压力，含水量及吸力变化由探头通过读数仪读出，以研究击实土的物理力学机理与孔隙水压力变化特性；(5)土体在击实固结过程中的水分由底板排水沟槽通过角点处的泄水孔排出；(6)按照击实箱体积刻度，土体质量，含水量等指标可以计算土体击实后的压缩系数与压实度等物理力学指标。
本发明优点：按照实际工程要求的相似系数设计击实箱，击实架与重锤，通过预埋微型土压力计，孔隙水压力计，含水量探头与吸力探头，可以再现现场施工工程中的土水压力与土水特征曲线变化特性，量测击实土的固结系数与压实度等指标，研究土体击实后的物理力学机理与孔隙水压力变化特性，该方法简单，易行，可操作性强。
本发明适合于公路路堤、地下工程等领域。
附图说明
图1是一种土体击实装置及测定方法的立体图。图中：1侧板，2后板，3连接合页，4底板，5脚轮，6前有机玻璃板，7挡块。
图2是该发明底板4的主视图。图中：8排水槽，9嵌槽，10泄水孔。
图3是底板主视图的A—A剖视图。图中：8排水槽，倾斜方向自上而下。
图4是底板主视图B—B剖视图。图中：8排水槽，倾斜方向自右而左。
图5是击实架主视图。图中：11滑轮。
图6是击实架C-C剖视图。图中：11滑轮，可以位于一侧或中间，12固定销。
具体实施方式
实施例：(1)将侧板1，后板2，有机玻璃板3合拢在一起，相互嵌入密封成为箱体，整个箱体嵌入底板嵌槽9内，并用合页3连接；(2)将透水石放在底板上，将预先配好一定含水量和质量的土分层铺入击实箱，在不同位置埋设微型土压力计，孔隙水压力计，含水量探头，吸力探头等，并施加一定压力达到要求的初始压实度，压实度由有机玻璃板胶片刻度读数控制；(3)将击实架放在击实箱上面，通过固定销12固定击实箱，立方体重锤通过滑轮11悬挂，高度可以由击实架上固定的直尺控制，通过击实架一侧或中间落下重锤进行半模或全模击实，多余水分可以通过底板4倾斜排水槽8排至泄水孔10；(4)通过观看有机玻璃板上胶片刻度，控制土体沉降深度，以控制土体击实后的压实度，并读取预埋土压力计，水压力计，含水量探头和吸力探头的测量数据，量测土体击实过程中土水压力与土水特征曲线变化特征，以研究击实土的物理力学机理与孔隙水压力变化特性。

Claims (2)

1、一种土体击实装置及测定方法，其特征是该测定装置由击实箱，击实架和重锤组成，击实箱由两块侧板(1)，一块后板(2)和一块有机玻璃板(6)围成一个立方体箱，底板(4)是一块带有排水槽(8)的铁板，槽呈倾斜状，其中一个角点有泄水孔(10)，用于沟槽排水，立方体箱通过嵌槽(9)嵌固于底板上，底板和四周设置了密封圈，侧板(1)，后板(2)与底板(4)用合页(3)连接在一起，有机玻璃板(6)与底板(4)铆接密封在一起，有机玻璃板(6)表面贴有带坐标网格的胶片，击实架放在击实筒上面，并用固定销(12)固定击实箱位置，击实架上安装有滑轮(11)，用于悬吊重锤，旁边安装有直尺，重锤是长方体金属块。
2、根据权利要求1所述的一种土体击实装置及测定方法，其特征是测定方法如下，
1)将侧板(1)，后板(2)，有机玻璃板(3)合拢在一起，相互嵌入密封成为箱体，整个箱体嵌入底板嵌槽(9)内，并用合页(3)连接；
2)将透水石放在底板上，将预先配好一定含水量和质量的土分层铺入击实箱，在不同位置埋设微型土压力计，孔隙水压力计，含水量探头，吸力探头等，并施加一定压力达到要求的初始压实度，压实度由有机玻璃板(3)胶片刻度读数控制；
3)将击实架放在击实箱上面，通过固定销(12)固定击实箱，立方体重锤通过滑轮(11)悬挂，高度可以由击实架上固定的直尺控制，通过击实架一侧或中间落下重锤进行半模或全模击实，多余水分可以通过底板(4)倾斜排水槽(8)排至泄水孔(10)；
4)通过观看有机玻璃板上胶片刻度，控制土体沉降深度，以控制土体击实后的压实度，并读取预埋土压力计，水压力计，含水量探头和吸力探头的测量数据，量测土体击实过程中土水压力与土水特征曲线变化特征，以研究击实土的物理力学机理与孔隙水压力变化特性。
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