Background technology
The sixties in 20th century, the U.S. and Russia, day, add, state such as meaning begins one's study 1000kV ultra-high voltage AC transmission technology, Japan began to build the 1000kV circuit in 1988, total length reaches 430km.
At present, what 1000kV ultra high voltage engineering tension stringing construction method was commonly used is " one leads 8 (or 4+4) ", 2 * modes such as " one lead 4 ", unwrapping wire when being used for single-phase eight divisural lines.
" one leads 8 (or 4+4) ": promptly tension field is provided with two covers, 4 stretching machines, and traction utilizes 1 hauling machine, whenever on the tower hangs one group of nine wheel line tackle mutually, and by a pull rope and eight line limps, eight root leads are put in exhibition simultaneously.
Yet, above-mentioned " one leads 8 (or 4+4) " technology is put eight leads with a hauling machine exhibition, particularly for the thicker ultra high voltage engineering of lead, need to adopt the large-tonnage pulling equipment, for a lot of units in charge of construction, need purchase new equipment and Work tool again, and large-tonnage rotary connector running difficulty, pull rope stressed excessive, security risk height.
And adopt lead unwrapping wire mode of pull rope traction, i.e. " eight lead 8 " unwrapping wire mode, the tension force stationary problem when needing to solve each divisural line exhibition and putting, and wire-protecting problem.
The wire-protecting problem is meant; present one leads many unwrapping wire mode; for example " one leads 8 " and " one leads 4 "; be to utilize a pull rope to draw eight or four root leads simultaneously with limp; pull rope is to be pulled by the different pulleys on the releasing pulley with lead; be protection pulley and lead, the pulley by pull rope is to adopt hard material wheel lining such as nylon usually, and is to adopt flexible material wheel lining by the pulley of lead.And when adopting lead of pull rope traction, when pulley adopted the nylon wheel lining, the nylon lining had damage to the conductive line surfaces quality.And adopt to reduce the rubber-like compliant wheel lining of hardness, though effective guardwire surface quality, the pull rope that at first passes through can cause wearing and tearing to pulley sheave again, the lead that can wear and tear again of the pulley after the wearing and tearing.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of eight to lead 8 line-putting methods, the problems referred to above of having avoided " one leads 8 (or 4+4) " unwrapping wire mode to use the large-tonnage pulling equipment to bring.
The present invention adopts following technical scheme: a kind of method that is applicable to tension stringing of ultra-high voltage wire:
(1) four " two wires stretching all-in-ones " is set as main pulling equipment in the traction field, opens position four " two stretching machines " are set, the every separate releasing pulley of two covers that hangs mutually of iron tower;
(2) early stage, 8 lead pull ropes were put in exhibition, per 4 pull ropes are respectively by four auxiliary pulleys on the cover releasing pulley, the auxiliary pulley surface is for being suitable for the hard material of pull rope, and lead in the mode of " leads 1 " and to put eight oidiospore leads, by four " two stretching machines " and four " two wires stretching all-in-one " as hauling machine, put by the exhibition synchronously of the interconnected realization lead of electronics sync control device separately;
(3) when eight oidiospore leads are pulled rope traction arrival releasing pulley, utilize the trigger mechanism on the triggering limp shake-up releasing pulley that connects pull rope and sub-conductor, make same supratrochlear auxiliary pulley drop to the head pulley that is lower than releasing pulley, the head pulley surface makes eight oidiospore leads be put by exhibition synchronously by the head pulley on the two cover releasing pulleys for being suitable for the flexible material of lead.
Compare with the existing exhibition method of putting, the present invention has technique effect to be:
(1) four " two wires stretching all-in-one " is as main pulling equipment, utilize the electronics sync control device to realize that exhibition is put synchronously, guarantee that eight oidiospore leads open car and payingoff speed Synchronization Control, and four main pulling equipments draw, and with respect to the mode of opening up with a main pulling equipment into eight oidiospore leads, equipment tonnage is little, pull rope is stressed little, install reliably, and given full play to the suitable effect of existing pulling equipment, reduced the cost of buying the large-tonnage pulling equipment.
(2) utilize auxiliary pulley to walk pull rope; and utilize head pulley to walk lead; realize by the decline of control auxiliary pulley; walk head pulley when making lead reach releasing pulley dexterously and do not pass through auxiliary pulley; head pulley and auxiliary pulley adopt different materials according to the needs of pull rope and lead, have solved the wire-protecting problem preferably.
(3) this " eight lead 8 " unwrapping wire technology is in the nature " one leads 1 " mode, therefore can count concrete condition according to the transmission line bundle conductor, realize modes such as " leads 1 ", " two lead 2 ", " three lead 3 ", " four lead 4 ", " five lead 5 ", " six lead 6 " during construction.
Embodiment
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, to help understanding content of the present invention.
A kind of method that is applicable to tension stringing of ultra-high voltage wire:
(1) four " two wires stretching all-in-ones " is set as main pulling equipment in the traction field, opens position four " two stretching machines " are set, the every separate releasing pulley of two covers that hangs mutually of iron tower;
(2) early stage, 8 lead pull ropes were put in exhibition, per 4 pull ropes are respectively by four auxiliary pulleys on the cover releasing pulley, the auxiliary pulley surface is for being suitable for the hard material of pull rope, and lead in the mode of " leads 1 " and to put eight oidiospore leads, by four " two stretching machines " and four " two wires stretching all-in-one " as hauling machine, put by the exhibition synchronously of the interconnected realization lead of electronics sync control device separately;
(3) when eight oidiospore leads are pulled rope traction arrival releasing pulley, utilize the trigger mechanism on the triggering limp shake-up releasing pulley that connects pull rope and sub-conductor, make same supratrochlear auxiliary pulley drop to the head pulley that is lower than releasing pulley, the head pulley surface makes eight oidiospore leads be put by exhibition synchronously by the head pulley on the two cover releasing pulleys for being suitable for the flexible material of lead.
" two wires stretching all-in-one " can adopt Italian AFB506 type stretching all-in-one, and maximum drawbar pull is 2 * 45kN, and the straining pulley kiss-coating carries out Synchronization Control by the electronics synchro system that equipment carries respectively.
When preventing between each sub-conductor successively to arrive head pulley because of a spot of synchronous difference, the pull rope wearing and tearing head pulley of the sub-conductor correspondence that the back arrives, carry out encapsulate at pull rope and limp link certain distance, its encapsulate length is not less than by maximum synchronization discrepancy between each sub-conductor of same releasing pulley.Even there is synchronization discrepancy like this; first triggering limp that reaches releasing pulley triggers to make under the auxiliary pulley and falls behind; though other sub-conductor does not reach, so thereby therewith the pull rope that connects of lead have the encapsulate pulley that can not wear and tear also to protect corresponding lead not to be worn.
The structure of releasing pulley comprises coaxial mounted a plurality of head pulley 6 as depicted in figs. 1 and 2, and the installation shaft two ends of head pulley 6 are fixed on two frames 11 of hanger 1, and there is the compliant wheel lining on head pulley 6 guide groove surfaces to adapt to the protection requirement of lead; Compliant wheel lining can rubber, plastics, SBS, polyurethane etc. lead by the time material of lead easy to wear not.Also comprise two groups of auxiliary pulleys 42, its installation shaft and the parallel installation of the installation shaft of head pulley 6, and two groups of auxiliary pulleys are that symmetry is installed in both sides, head pulley front and back.The pulley quantity of every group of auxiliary pulley equates to be similarly 5 with the quantity of head pulley, and each auxiliary pulley all is positioned on the same mounting vertical plane with a corresponding head pulley, makes the guide groove of the guide groove of head pulley and auxiliary pulley can be just in time relative like this.Auxiliary pulley guide groove surface is for being suitable for the hard material that pull rope passes through, for example nylon or engineering plastics, metal.Every group of auxiliary pulley 42 is installed on the folding connecting rod formula lifting supporting mechanism, rise and descend with respect to head pulley 6 by lifting supporting mechanism control auxiliary pulley 42, it is taken turns on the bottom land summit and is higher than head pulley 6 and takes turns summit on the bottom land when the high workload position that state auxiliary pulley 42 as shown in Figure 3 is in that the lifting supporting mechanism reaches, so that do not pass through head pulley during through auxiliary pulleys at pull rope 100.It is taken turns on the bottom land summit and is lower than head pulley 6 and takes turns summit certain distance on the bottom land when auxiliary pulley 42 is in the minimum service position of lifting supporting mechanism as shown in Figure 4, so that the lead 200 of this moment is through head pulley 6 unwrapping wire and by auxiliary pulley 42.Also comprise a trigger mechanism control described lifting supporting mechanism from propradation to the decline state exchange.As seen from Figure 3, because pull rope has a cornerite during by auxiliary pulley 42, adopt two groups of auxiliary pulley 42 symmetries to be installed in both sides, head pulley 6 front and back and only need make that the summit gets final product a little more than some top on the head pulley on the auxiliary pulley wheel bottom land, relatively low but also the stress equalization in installation site not only, the setting height(from bottom) of auxiliary pulley is higher when adopting one group of auxiliary pulley, and the possibility that exists switching centre of gravity instantly shakiness to rock.
Main beam in the hanger 12 adopts the structure of hollow to help reducing the weight of hanger as shown in Figure 1, and light being easy to of whole coaster constructed.
As shown in Figure 2, the lifting supporting mechanism comprises and is contained in the support 43 at the installation shaft two ends of auxiliary pulley 42 on the same group, support 43 other ends are hinged on hanger 1 and are positioned on the frame 11 of head pulley both sides, also be hinged with a pull bar 44 on the support 43, pull bar 44 other ends are hinged on the slide block 45 on the frame 11 that is slidingly mounted on hanger, and slide block 45 is installed in the position of the pin joint top that is positioned at support and hanger, double link 46 1 ends are hinged on the slide block 45, and the double link other end is hinged on the frame 11 of hanger.Being positioned at double link 46 1 sides away from the auxiliary pulley of correspondence on hanger 11 is provided with the locating part shelves and lives double link, making double link can only omit to this side as shown in Figure 2 serves as the axle bending with middle pin joint, hanger 11 adopts the outside channel-section steel of notch to make among the present invention, double link is the groove that is positioned at channel-section steel, therefore the bottom land inwall has promptly constituted stopping means and makes the double link can not be excessively to the opposite side bending, can only omit bending, bottom land withstands further bending of double link like this, making double link support slide block can not be at deadweight and auxiliary pulley deadweight component, the component effect of the active force of pull rope is to the whereabouts, remain on the extreme higher position operating state, double link 46 will need overcome the effect of above-mentioned power earlier and stretch earlier when auxiliary pulley 42 1 lateral bendings are bent simultaneously, therefore this structure can form a kind of stable and self-locking state, and the summit is higher than the state on the last summit of head pulley race bottom land on the maintenance auxiliary pulley race bottom land.Therefore as can be seen, at state shown in Fig. 2, only need make in the middle of the double link 46 jointed shafts protrude from slightly to the channel-section steel bottom direction that the line of centres of lower link point gets final product on the double link.For this lifting supporting mechanism, as long as trigger mechanism is for can be with double link to the moving mechanism of auxiliary pulley one thruster of correspondence, make its unstability after auxiliary pulley can fall automatically.
As shown in Figure 2, trigger mechanism is included in the cam of installing on the frame 11 of hanger 34, and cam 34 is positioned at auxiliary pulley one side of double link away from correspondence, i.e. two groups of two double link, 46 position intermediate that auxiliary pulley is used in the present embodiment.As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, by axle 31 an eccentric driving lever 32 parallel with the head pulley installation shaft is installed corresponding to double link 46 being positioned at the head pulley top position, push rod 33 1 ends are hinged on the outside, axle center of described cam 34, push rod 33 other ends are eccentric hinged with respect to the installation shaft 31 of driving lever, when driving lever 32 is rotated to the right, push rod 33 rotates to pressing down driving cam 34, two outer dead centre present positions on the cam 34 are to the moving position of corresponding auxiliary pulley 42 1 thrusters with double link 46, utilize cam outwards to push double link 46 also surpasses lower link point on the double link to auxiliary pulley one side oscillation to the middle pin joint of double link axial connecting line position, after losing the support of double link, slide block 45 falls along the side frame 11 of hanger, falls to it and takes turns that the summit is lower than summit certain altitude on the head pulley wheel bottom land on the bottom land so that double link 46 and pull bar 44 and support 43 are folded to auxiliary pulley 42.This trigger mechanism is pure mechanism structure, and is simple and compact for structure, and do not require the expenditure of energy.
Cam 34 installation sites in the trigger mechanism and the middle pin joint of double link 46 are in same horizontal level, trigger double link like this from the stable state to the instability status, and the long required thrust of the arm of force is less, make to trigger flexibly.
For avoiding in the installation process owing to rock or shake lifting supporting mechanism unstability, as shown in Figure 2, also comprise a safety plug 8, all there is a through hole at same position place when connecting rod is in extended position on the frame of hanger and in the connecting rod of double link, safety plug 8 is inserted in the through hole on the frame of double link and hanger, with the frame relative fixed of double link and hanger, double link can not be swung with respect to the frame of hanger.
For reducing impact endurance test shock and the noise of auxiliary pulley when falling, on the frame 11 of hanger, be positioned at slide block 45 lower positions as depicted in figs. 1 and 2 and also be provided with damping, buffering spring 5, preferred air spring, buffering effect is better and can reach noiseless substantially effect.
The operating personnel stands during for ease of work high above the ground, is hinged with horizontal pedal 7 in the frame of the hanger outside 11, can upwards fold in time spent not and pack up.
In the embodiment of the invention, head pulley is 5, and intermediate pulley adopts and is suitable for the hard material that pull rope is used.Head pulley can adopt existing releasing pulley like this, by the releasing pulley that lifting supporting mechanism, auxiliary pulley, trigger mechanism are formed for " eight lead 8 " is installed, also can be when needed uses when common releasing pulley.Because the middle usually pulley of present releasing pulley is used to walk pull rope, if therefore head pulley adopts this pulley arrangements mode, the quantity of auxiliary pulley can be less than the quantity of head pulley, and the same facade position that promptly is exclusively used in away the pulley of pull rope in corresponding head pulley can not be provided with auxiliary pulley.
As shown in Figure 3, adopt " eight lead 8 " unwrapping wire mode pull rope 100 by auxiliary pulley 42 quilts direction of arrow index in the figure of forward position, and by head pulley 6, head pulley therefore can not wear and tear.When the limp 300 that connects pull rope 100 and lead 200 arrives releasing pulleys, its part that raises up can be stirred among Fig. 2 driving lever 32 forward and be swung forward, thereby it is folding to make the trigger mechanism action push away double link by cam, auxiliary pulley 42 falls, as shown in Figure 4 interior the continuation to front haulage of race that this moment, 200 in lead just in time dropped on head pulley 6.And because the cushioning effect of damping, buffering spring does not more steadily have impact when auxiliary pulley 42 is fallen.
The structure of triggering limp as shown in Figure 5 and Figure 6, by interior connector 53 and the hinged successively hinge that constitutes of outer connector 52, the hinge two ends are connected with circulator 51, hinge is hinged with the anti-device 54 of turning round of one section chain type near an end of circulator 51, and special feature is anti-hinged one the saving and be provided with the triggering plectrum 55 vertical with this joint of device 54 and hinge of turning round.The one section chain type twist preventing apparatus 54 by auxiliary pulley sticks together with hinge fraction when this triggering limp arrives the auxiliary pulley of releasing pulley and after by auxiliary pulley like this, makes heavy directly the raising up of triggering plectrum 55 and hinge fraction can touch the trigger mechanism of coaster.