CN101358278A - Intermediate frequency bent tube technique of heat-engine plant A335P92 steel - Google Patents
Intermediate frequency bent tube technique of heat-engine plant A335P92 steel Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention obtains a bending technique parameter range, a cooling mode and heat treatment parameters of P92 steel by adopting intermediate frequency induction pipe bending technology through theoretical analysis and experimental study. The pipe bending technique parameters are as follows: the outer wall temperature is from 900 DEG C to 0 DEG C, the cooling mode adopts a forced air cooling mode, and the propulsion speed is from 10mm/min to 20mm/min; the heat treatment parameters after pipe bending are as follows: the normalizing temperature is from 1050 DEG C to 1070 DEG C, the heat preservation time is 90 minutes, and the cooling mode adopts the air cooling mode; the temperature of normalizing cooling is reduced to less than 100 DEG C and retains for two hours, the tempering temperature is from 750 DEG C to 770 DEG C, the heat preservation time is 150 minutes, and the cooling mode adopts the air cooling mode. The invention can completely guarantee that the metallurgical structure and the material property of P92 steel after being bent can meet the requirements of the martensite structure and the material property of P92 steel, overcomes the defects of intergranular cracking, inner arc swelling, exceeding standards of ellipticity, excessively thinning of the outer wall, etc. The technology can be applied to the1000MW super-critical unit project in a power plant.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the Medium frequency induction bent tube technique of thermal power plant's generating set pipe fitting, especially relate in the supercritical generating unit, use the bent tube technique technology of A335P92 steel, so that develop the power station of satisfying P92 steel use properties and specification of quality A335P92 steel bend pipe.
Background technology
The characteristics of China's energy structure have determined China's development of electric power industry mainly to rely on fired power generating unit, and develop the inevitable choice that large-scale ultra supercritical unit is the fired power generating unit development.Development and application heat resistance, oxidation-resistance can better heat-resisting alloy steel be one of gordian techniquies of development high-level efficiency ultra supercritical thermal power generation unit.Heat resistance alloy high-temp pressure piping is being brought into play important effect all the time with the development and application of steel in power plant construction.Over more than 50 year, the steel alloy (as A335P22,10CrMo910, STBA24-STPA24 etc.) that contains 2.25%Cr-1%Mo is well used in many ultra-high voltage in the whole world and subcritical power plant.
Along with the increase of unit capacity and the raising of parameter, promoted the more exploitation of high-strength steel.Europe is at the eighties of last century initial stage sixties, two kinds of steel that creep-rupture strength is higher have been developed, they are respectively France and Belgian EM12 (contain 9%Cr-2%Mo, and add a spot of V and Nb), German X20CrMoV12-1 (12%Cr-1%Mo, and add a spot of V).The latter is applied in the main steam system of China river oil power plant, Da Late power plant, Taizhou power plant, but is welded with certain degree of difficulty.And then be the improvement 9%Cr steel of U.S.'s exploitation, developed into Europe and Japan afterwards.The steel of this grade are T/P91, the application that this material begins worldwide to succeed from eighties of last century the nineties.Nowadays, EM12 and X20CrMoV12-1 are replaced by T/P91 in a lot of fields.Higher at steam parameter, surpass 600 ℃, pressure as temperature and surpass 25bar, require main steam and reheaing steam pipe to have higher tensile strength, high temperature creep-resisting and performance such as anti-oxidant, the use of T/P91 material is restricted, and the T/P92 material arises at the historic moment.
The P92 steel is to add 1.75% tungsten, and molybdenum content drops to 0.5%, with vanadium, niobium element microalloying and control boron and the ferritic steel of nitrogen element content (9% chromium, 1.75% tungsten, 0.5% molybdenum) steel.The P92 steel has higher hot strength and creep property than other ferritic alloyed steel, and erosion resistance and antioxidant property are equal to other ferritic steel that contains 9%Cr.Because it has higher creep-rupture strength, so it can alleviate the weight of boiler and conduit component, helps reducing the carrying of mill construction, reduces the thrust of tubing system to equipment.Its thermal fatigue resistance is better than austenitic stainless steel.Has good creep property 580～625 ℃ of temperature ranges.Therefore, P92 has obtained more general application in the ultra supercritical unit.
The research of key engineering utilisation technologies such as present pipeline to employing P92 steel bends, welding, pipe fitting manufacturing, thermal treatment also is in gropes the starting stage, still immature.Therefore, in ultra supercritical unit pipeline, use the P92 steel, just must grasp the gordian techniquies such as design calculation, manufacturing of welding, bend pipe, thermal treatment and the pipe fitting of P92 material as early as possible, guarantee the construction of ultra supercritical unit carry out smoothly move with long-term safety.
Because the P92 steel has higher hot strength and creep property than other ferritic alloyed steel.Present domestic ultra supercritical unit generally adopts P92 as main steam line and hot arc pipeline material again.In the piping design of ultra supercritical unit, adopt 3-5D long radius medium frequency bending of pipe to replace the shock resistance that hot-pressed elbow can effectively reduce steam flow, help improving generatine set heat efficiency.Therefore, the research power station is very necessary with the pipe bending technique of P92 steel.
For bending of power station pipeline, China adopts the Frequency Induction Heating pipe bending technique that carbon steel pipe, alloy steel pipe, the stainless steel tube of all size are bent since the seventies latter stage in last century at pipe bending machine, and does thermal treatment.Facts have proved for many years, this technology maturation is reliable.According to analysis and the research to P92 material itself, bending of P92 pipeline can continue to adopt this technology.Crucial technological difficulties are: the intermediate frequency of employing bends with thermal treatment process and must make the bend pipe product should satisfy the original every performance requriements of novel material, avoids metallographic structure to produce that intergranular crack, inner arc play bag, circularity exceeds standard simultaneously and problem such as outer wall excessive thinning.Therefore, how to make rational bending technique parameter and heat treatment parameter, emphasis is the optimum range of Heating temperature, fltting speed and the matching relationship between them, is the key of the Medium frequency induction bent tube technique technology of the current P92 of satisfying steel use properties of development and specification of quality.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to use the Medium frequency induction bent tube technique, develop the power station of satisfying P92 steel use properties and specification of quality P92 steel bend pipe.The objective of the invention is by in P92 steel Medium frequency induction bent tube technique process, bending technique parameter area, the type of cooling and the heat treatment parameter that proposes to optimize realized.The present invention proposes a kind of P92 steel medium frequency bending of pipe processing method, and this bent tube technique uses medium frequency bending of pipe machine to carry out, and the bend pipe postheat treatment is carried out in program control fuel oil heat treatment furnace, and it is as follows that the bend pipe of described medium frequency bending of pipe process using bends parameter:
Outside wall temperature is taked 900 ℃-940 ℃, and the type of cooling adopts forces air cooling, fltting speed 10-20mm/min;
The bend pipe postheat treatment parameter of described medium frequency bending of pipe process using is as follows:
Normalizing temperature: 1050 ℃～1070 ℃, soaking time: 90 minutes, the type of cooling: air cooling;
Normalizing is cooled to keep 2h below 100 ℃, carries out temper after martensite is fully changed: 750 ℃～770 ℃ of tempering temperatures, and soaking time: 150 minutes, the type of cooling: air cooling.
In described bent tube technique parameter, outside wall temperature is taked 900 ℃, the type of cooling: force air cooling, fltting speed 10-15mm/min.
Can also be in described bent tube technique parameter, outside wall temperature adopts 940 ℃, and the type of cooling: force air cooling, fltting speed is 15-20mm/min.
P92 steel medium frequency bending of pipe processing method of the present invention obtains two kinds of bend pipes and has following obvious advantage:
(1) under flexure temperature of the invention process, the high-temp plastic of P92 copper pipe is good, even can obtain satisfied bend pipe moulding under bigger deflection, its tension side does not have tensile deformation and the crack defect that produces yet.Test result proves that the P92 steel pipe has the induction return bend temperature scope of broad, and the bent tube technique of two kinds of temperature of the invention process all can reach satisfied effect.
(2) according to measurement result, flexure temperature is got in 900～940 ℃ of scopes, carries out normalizing after bending and adds the tempering processing, can guarantee that its mechanical property meets the requirements of the standard fully.
Embodiment
Be elaborated below by implementing profit 1 and 2 pairs of P92 steel bend pipe technologies of the present invention of embodiment.
Two employed materials of embodiment are ID248 * 53P92 steel (U.S. WYMAN-GORDAN company).Test sees Table 1 and table 2 with the every performance of tubing.
The P92 tube material chemical ingredients that table 1 uses
| Element | C | Si | Mn | P | S | Ni | Cr |
| Measured value | 0.11 | 0.20 | 0.43 | 0.007 | 0.002 | 0.39 | 8.56 |
| The ASME standard value | 0.07-0.13 | ≤0.5 | 0.30-0.60 | ≤0.02 | ≤0.01 | ≤0.40 | 8.5-9.5 |
| Element | Mo | W | V | Nb | Al | B | N |
| Measured value | 0.37 | 1.52 | 0.15 | 0.06 | 0.02 | 0.003 | 0.05 |
| The ASME standard value | 0.3-0.6 | 1.5-2.0 | 0.15-0.25 | 0.04-0.09 | ≤0.040 | 0.001-0.0 06 | 0.03-0.07 0 |
The P92 copper pipe mechanical property that table 2 uses
| Tensile strength N/mm ' | Yield strength N/mm ' | Longitudinal tensile strain rate min% | Ballistic work ISO-V Sample A " (J) | Hardness HB | |
| Standard value | ≥620 | ≥440 | 20 | ≥41 | ≤250 |
| Measured value | 693 | 530 | 25.6 | 135.5 | 201 |
The bend pipe parameter is among two embodiment:
Two embodiment medium frequency bending of pipe technological tests are all carried out on the ZW813 of Zhengzhou Huadian Jinyuan Pipeline Co., Ltd. type medium frequency bending of pipe machine, and the induction coil model is: ID400 * 30 * 75.The bending radius of examination bend pipe is R=1100mm (R/D=3.0), 45 ° of angle of bend.
Embodiment 1 (embodiment 1 is referred to as the P92WGO1 scheme)
The bent tube technique parameter that adopts is as follows:
Outside wall temperature is taked 900 ℃, the type of cooling: force air cooling, fltting speed 10-15mm/min.
Curved back outward appearance detects the bent tube technique evidence: in this test, even under the situation of deformation ratio big (R/D=3.0), the surface and the geometrical dimension of two bend pipes are good, examination bend pipe measured result shows: the maximum reduction of outer arc of P92WGO1 examination bend pipe is 10.72%, it is 19.44% that the inner arc maximum thickens rate, and the same specification bend pipe attenuate of these data and common material thickens the rule basically identical.
Curved postheat treatment is carried out in the program control fuel oil heat treatment furnace of the 16m * 3.5m * 3.5m of Zhengzhou Huadian Jinyuan Pipeline Co., Ltd., and curved postheat treatment parameter is as follows:
Normalizing temperature: 1050 ℃～1070 ℃, soaking time: 90 minutes, the type of cooling: air cooling.
Normalizing is cooled to keep 2h below 100 ℃, carries out temper after martensite is fully changed: 750 ℃～770 ℃ of tempering temperatures, and soaking time: 150 minutes, the type of cooling: air cooling.
Embodiment 2 (embodiment 2 is referred to as the P92WGO2 scheme)
The bent tube technique parameter that adopts is as follows:
940 ℃ of outside wall temperatures, the type of cooling: force air cooling, fltting speed 15-20mm/min.
Curved back outward appearance detects the bent tube technique evidence: in this test, even under the situation of deformation ratio big (R/D=3.0), the surface and the geometrical dimension of bend pipe are good, examination bend pipe measured result shows: the maximum reduction of outer arc of P92WG02 examination bend pipe is 10.87%, it is 21.97% that the inner arc maximum thickens rate, and the same specification bend pipe attenuate of these data and common material thickens the rule basically identical.
Curved postheat treatment is carried out in the program control fuel oil heat treatment furnace of the 16m * 3.5m * 3.5m of Zhengzhou Huadian Jinyuan Pipeline Co., Ltd., and curved postheat treatment parameter is as follows:
Normalizing temperature: 1050 ℃～1070 ℃, soaking time: 90 minutes, the type of cooling: air cooling:
Normalizing is cooled to keep 2h below 100 ℃, carries out temper after martensite is fully changed: 750 ℃～770 ℃ of tempering temperatures, and soaking time: 150 minutes, the type of cooling: air cooling.
Two after P92WGO1 and two embodiment thermal treatments of P92WG02 examination bend pipes have been carried out integration test, and its result is respectively described below:
1. the angle of bend of bend pipe check, table 3 is the bend pipe measurement of angle result after P92WGO1 and the P92WG02 two bend pipe thermal treatments:
Angle measuring result after the thermal treatment of table 3P92 steel bend pipe
By the table in as can be seen, the angle of bend of the bend pipe of P92WGO1 and P92WG02 all meets DL/T 515-2004 " power station bend pipe " standard-required after the thermal treatment.
2. magnetic-particle inspection result
Carry out 100% magnetic particle inspection in 45 ° of scopes of extrados scholar to bend pipe, the near surface flaw display trace is not found at the position of examining, and ranking is the I level, and magneticpowder testing is qualified.
3. ultrasound investigation result
The check of ultrasonic wave compressional wave, but recording defect do not found, and ranking is the I level;
The ultrasonic transverse wave check, but recording defect do not found, and ranking is chosen as the I level.
4。Hardness Surveillance result after the bend pipe thermal treatment
Brinell hardness assay (HB) after table 4 thermal treatment
Hardness is between HB171～242 after the thermal treatment of the visible P92WGO1 bend pipe of last table, and hardness all meets the requirement of ASMDE SA-335 standard to P92 steel Brinell hardness≤HB250 after the thermal treatment of P92WG02 bend pipe between HB215～243.
5. mechanicl test
5.1 tensile property
From bending 0 ° to bending 45 ° eventually with isometric four parts that are sawn into of pipeline section, the dissection sample of P92WGOI bend pipe numbering is respectively 1-1,1-2,1-3,1-4 with curved part, and the dissection sample of P92WG02 bend pipe is numbered and is respectively 2-1,2-2,2-3,2-4.Straight tube, 1-1,1-2,1-4,2-1,2-2,2-4 are dissected, carry out mechanical property test in the extrados sampling respectively.Get each two in horizontal stroke, vertical sample at the extrados of every section pipe sample, be processed as circular standard proportional tension specimen, carry out room temperature and 61O ℃ tension test respectively.
Room temperature tensile performance test result after the thermal treatment of table 5 bend pipe
610 ℃ of temperature Erichsen test results after the thermal treatment of table 6 bend pipe
From reaching a conclusion with descending result: the horizontal stroke at straight length and bend pipe different angles position, vertical room temperature tensile performance all meet the requirement of ASME standard to the P92 steel after P92WGO1, the P92WG02 two pipeline section bend pipe thermal treatments, and transverse and longitudinal tensile property difference is less.610 ℃ of tensile yield strengths satisfy the requirement of EN10216-2 (2006) regulation.
5.2 normal temperature impact property
Table 7,8,9 is respectively the room temperature Impulse Test Result after P92WG01, P92WG02 bend pipe extrados and the straight length thermal treatment.
Room temperature Impulse Test Result after the thermal treatment of table 7P90WG01 bend pipe
| The sample position | Specimen coding | A kv(J) | ||
| Z-1 | 87 | |||
| Vertically | Z-2 | 89 | ||
| Z-3 | 86 | |||
| P92WGO1 | Mean value | 87 | ||
| 1-1 | H-I | 85 | ||
| Laterally | H-2 | 97 | ||
| H-3 | 103 | |||
| Mean value | 95 | |||
| Z-1 | 129 | |||
| Vertically | Z-2 | 127 | ||
| Z-3 | 120 | |||
| P92WGO2 | Mean value | 125 | ||
| 1-2 | H-1 | 88 | ||
| Laterally | H-2 | 88 | ||
| H-3 | 83 | |||
| Mean value | 86 | |||
| Z-1 | 130 | |||
| Vertically | Z-2 | 135 | ||
| Z-3 | 126 | |||
| 1-4 | Mean value | 139 | ||
| H-1 | 97 | |||
| Laterally | H-2 | 96 | ||
| H-3 | 99 | |||
| Mean value | 97 |
Room temperature Impulse Test Result after the thermal treatment of table 8P92WG02 bend pipe
The room temperature Impulse Test Result of straight length after the thermal treatment of table 9 bend pipe
Room temperature impact property for high temperature steel for pipe such as P92 in the ASME SA335 standard does not claim, in EN10216-2-2004 (2006 augment), the 20 ℃ ballistic works of high temperature with the ferritic steel weldless steel tube required to vertical 40J, and laterally be 27J.According to the data in the table as can be known, the room temperature ballistic work of two bend pipes satisfies standard-required.
6. metallographic examination
To two P92 examination bend pipes, respectively before and after thermal treatment, metallographic contrast photo and P92WG02 examination bend pipe the metallographic contrast photo thermal treatment before and after of P92WGO1 examination bend pipe before and after thermal treatment obtained in curved to rising (corresponding 0 ° of position), middle (corresponding 22.5 ° of positions), the outer wall of curved (corresponding 45 ° of positions) the chamber metallographic examination (* 400) that experimentizes eventually.
The comparative analysis metallograph is as can be known: because P92WGOI hot bending temperature is positioned at α+y two-phase region, the part martensitic transformation is an austenite in the hot bending process, when bending in the forced air cooling process austenite be converted into martensite again, cause hardness to raise, because heating and cooling speed is higher, the martensitic stucture that forms is in small, broken bits, does not see intergranular crack.To P92WG02, (because induction heating speed is higher, the AC3 temperature can improve, and adds temperature fluctuation and along the thermograde of wall thickness direction more than last critical transition temperature AC3 to bend temperature, the subregion also may be still below AC3), the martensite lath position of generation is to more obvious than P92WGO1.Two test bend pipes are through after the identical thermal treatment, and martensite in small, broken bits is transformed into the lath martensite of the tangible uniformity of directivity again, does not see intergranular crack.Above situation explanation: no matter P92 is at the two-phase region bend pipe, still at the single phase region bend pipe, no matter is before and after thermal treatment also, does not all find intergranular crack, and this proof P92 material has good hot bending processing characteristics.
Analyze based on the above results, two kinds of state of temperature bend pipes of P92 steel are through just, its geometrical dimension and mechanical property all can reach ASME standard and DL/T515-2004 standard-required after the temper, and two kinds of temperature parameters may be used to the medium frequency bending of pipe of P92 steel pipe.During the different temperature condition bend pipe, the tube-bending machine load differs greatly; Same ID248 * 53P92 bend pipe adopts 940 ℃ and bends, and its push action cylinder pressure only needs 8Mpa; And its push action cylinder pressure is near 12Mpa when 900 ℃ of bend pipes, and both differ greatly.When adopting the low temperature process bend pipe, should estimate fully that the P92 pipe has bigger rebound deformation amount.
Above-mentioned medium frequency bending of pipe technology is as one of comprehensive complete-set applied technology that forms P92 steel batch production processing preparation, for the successful Application of ultra supercritical unit has been established solid technical foundation.
Claims (3)
1. the medium frequency bending of pipe technology of a heat-engine plant A 335 P 92 steel, this bent tube technique use medium frequency bending of pipe machine to carry out, and the bend pipe postheat treatment is carried out in program control fuel oil heat treatment furnace, it is characterized in that:
It is as follows that the bend pipe of described medium frequency bending of pipe process using bends parameter:
Outside wall temperature is taked 900 ℃-940 ℃, and the type of cooling adopts forces air cooling, fltting speed 10-20mm/min;
The bend pipe postheat treatment parameter of described medium frequency bending of pipe process using is as follows:
Normalizing temperature: 1050 ℃～1070 ℃, soaking time: 90 minutes, the type of cooling: air cooling;
Normalizing is cooled to keep 2h below 100 ℃, carries out temper after martensite is fully changed: 750 ℃～770 ℃ of tempering temperatures, and soaking time: 150 minutes, the type of cooling: air cooling.
2. the medium frequency bending of pipe technology of heat-engine plant A 335 P 92 steel according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in the bent tube technique parameter, outside wall temperature is taked 900 ℃, the type of cooling: force air cooling, fltting speed 10-15mm/min.
3. the medium frequency bending of pipe technology of heat-engine plant A 335 P 92 steel according to claim 1 is characterized in that: in the bent tube technique parameter, and 940 ℃ of outside wall temperatures, the type of cooling: force air cooling, fltting speed 15-20mm/min.
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102492821A (en) * | 2011-12-30 | 2012-06-13 | 上海锅炉厂有限公司 | Heat treatment process for fine grain austenitic steel pipe bend |
| CN104946932A (en) * | 2014-03-25 | 2015-09-30 | 新日铁住金株式会社 | Method for manufacturing austenite series heat-resistant alloy pipe and austenite series heat-resistant alloy pipe manufactured by the method |
| CN106244773A (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2016-12-21 | 国家电网公司 | A kind of Forecasting Methodology of P92 steel tempering hardness |
| CN107245556A (en) * | 2017-05-18 | 2017-10-13 | 江苏电力装备有限公司 | 12Cr1MoVG thin-walled medium frequency bending of pipe Technologies for Heating Processing |
| CN109158460A (en) * | 2018-08-22 | 2019-01-08 | 中国原子能科学研究院 | A kind of manufacturing method of bellows |
| CN110093482A (en) * | 2019-04-24 | 2019-08-06 | 内蒙古北方重工业集团有限公司 | The method for improving P92 material creep rupture strength |
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2008
- 2008-07-21 CN CNA2008101322384A patent/CN101358278A/en active Pending
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102492821A (en) * | 2011-12-30 | 2012-06-13 | 上海锅炉厂有限公司 | Heat treatment process for fine grain austenitic steel pipe bend |
| CN104946932A (en) * | 2014-03-25 | 2015-09-30 | 新日铁住金株式会社 | Method for manufacturing austenite series heat-resistant alloy pipe and austenite series heat-resistant alloy pipe manufactured by the method |
| CN106244773A (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2016-12-21 | 国家电网公司 | A kind of Forecasting Methodology of P92 steel tempering hardness |
| CN106244773B (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2018-07-24 | 国家电网公司 | A kind of prediction technique of P92 tempers hardness |
| CN107245556A (en) * | 2017-05-18 | 2017-10-13 | 江苏电力装备有限公司 | 12Cr1MoVG thin-walled medium frequency bending of pipe Technologies for Heating Processing |
| CN109158460A (en) * | 2018-08-22 | 2019-01-08 | 中国原子能科学研究院 | A kind of manufacturing method of bellows |
| CN110093482A (en) * | 2019-04-24 | 2019-08-06 | 内蒙古北方重工业集团有限公司 | The method for improving P92 material creep rupture strength |
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