CN101349047A - Aeration type curve ladder energy dissipater in flood discharge hole - Google Patents
Aeration type curve ladder energy dissipater in flood discharge hole Download PDFInfo
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- CN101349047A CN101349047A CNA2008100459784A CN200810045978A CN101349047A CN 101349047 A CN101349047 A CN 101349047A CN A2008100459784 A CNA2008100459784 A CN A2008100459784A CN 200810045978 A CN200810045978 A CN 200810045978A CN 101349047 A CN101349047 A CN 101349047A
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Abstract
The invention discloses an aerated curve stepped energy dissipater in a floor discharge tunnel, which comprises an aeration device arranged at an inlet of a curve connecting tunnel body between two parallel floor discharge tunnels with different heights or between a pressure tunnel and a downstream floor discharge tunnel, and a stepped energy dissipater arranged on a bottom slab of the curve connecting tunnel body, wherein the stepped energy dissipater is positioned on back of an adjusting slope section of the bottom slab of the curve connecting tunnel body and orderly is an inclined surface step section, a transitional step section and a horizontal step section from a high level to a low level. The aeration device can effectively aerate high-speed water current at the inlet to relieve or avoid the possibility of cavitation erosion of steps, and the stepped energy dissipater can transit the direction of the high-speed water current to be parallel to the step gradient, adjust the fluid state of the curve connecting tunnel body, reduce the flow rate at the outlet of the curve connecting tunnel body, and reduce the erosion to the downstream floor discharge tunnel.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the energy-dissipating installation that uses in the Hydraulic and Hydro-Power Engineering, parallel flood discharging tunnel that particularly a kind of both heights that is used for high flow rate is different or pressurized tunnel are connected the hole body with the curve of downstream flood discharging tunnel ladder energy dissipater.
Background technology
In the existing engineering; the connection hole body base plate of the parallel flood discharging tunnel that both heights is different often is designed to smooth wet strange curve; because it is very big to connect hole body inlet velocity, cause connecting in the body of hole and the downstream flood discharging tunnel flow velocity after being connected the hole body also very big, so the aeration safeguard measure to be set.In order to reach the purpose of energy dissipating, reduce the washing away of downstream river course is provided with energy-dissipating installations such as absorption basin at flood discharge hole outlet or in the flood discharging tunnel domestic demand, but need bigger engineering quantity, increase construction investment.
Though the applicating history of ladder energy dissipater in hydraulic engineering is longer, use on the straight slope of overfall dam and flood spillway usually, use common energy dissipating with other energy dissipater.Free-flow spillway tunnel for high flow rate, perhaps high flow rate has the flood discharging tunnel that extrudes mouth, be provided with and dash forward when falling sudden expansion type air entraining facilities, if when cascaded surface was traditional horizontal plane, the linkage section flow-shape was bad, is easy to generate water wing phenomenon, be difficult on the ladder simultaneously produce and laterally revolve boiling water stream, and easily produce cavity, and form negative pressuren zone, therefore generally do not use ladder energy dissipater.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of aeration type curve ladder energy dissipater in flood discharge hole is provided, big with downstream flood discharging tunnel flow velocity to solve different parallel flood discharging tunnel of both heights or pressurized tunnel with being connected in the body of hole of downstream flood discharging tunnel, fluidised form is difficult to regulate, problems such as easily cavitation and cavitation erosion, energy dissipation rate be low, and reduce engineering quantity, reduce construction investment.
Technical scheme of the present invention: the import department that connects the hole body at curve is provided with the aeration device, connects at curve on the body base plate of hole ladder energy dissipater to be set and the ladder build is optimized.
Aeration type curve ladder energy dissipater in flood discharge hole of the present invention, be included in different parallel flood discharging tunnel of both heights or pressurized tunnel and be connected the aeration device that hole body import department is provided with curve between the flood discharging tunnel of downstream, connect the ladder energy dissipater that is provided with on the body base plate of hole at curve, after described ladder energy dissipater is positioned at the adjustment slope section of curve connection hole body base plate, from a high position to low level, be followed successively by inclined-plane ladder section, transition steps section and horizontal ladder section, horizontal ladder section or directly and downstream flood discharging tunnel base plate join, or by anti-segmental arc, adjusting horizontal segment and downstream flood discharging tunnel base plate joins.
The mechanism of aeration type curve ladder energy dissipater in flood discharge hole of the present invention: the high-velocity flow from upstream flood discharging tunnel or pressurized tunnel enters curve connection hole body, curve connects the aeration device of hole body import department setting to current side and bottom aeration, adjust the slope section and adjust contacting of overflow and base plate, effectively avoid overflow to impact base plate, also can provide enough cavity lengths simultaneously for the aeration device; After overflow flows through and adjusts the slope section, inclined-plane ladder section and transition steps section carry out the transition to horizontal ladder section with current, make water (flow) direction be tending towards parallel with the base plate gradient direction, main energy dissipating is in horizontal ladder section, current energy after horizontal ladder section reduces greatly, flow velocity reduces, and gently enters the downstream flood discharging tunnel.
The adjustment slope section gradient on the body base plate of curve connection hole and length are according to the flow velocity decision of upstream flood discharging tunnel or pressurized tunnel incoming flow, and flow velocity is big more, and its gradient is more little, and length is long more, so that effectively control the cavity length and the water surface form of this section.Also according to the flow velocity decision of upstream flood discharging tunnel or pressurized tunnel incoming flow, flow velocity is big more for the length of inclined-plane ladder section, and length is long more; The length of horizontal ladder section determines that according to the energy dissipation rate of depth displacement between upstream flood discharging tunnel or pressurized tunnel and the downstream flood discharging tunnel and design needs depth displacement is big more, and the energy dissipating of requirement is big more, and the length of horizontal ladder section is long more.
In order to realize goal of the invention better, the geometry parameter of ladder energy dissipater is as follows:
The ladder gradient i of inclined-plane ladder section
i=1: 20～5, ladder height 0＜h
i＜1.0m; The ladder height h of horizontal ladder section is greater than the ladder height h of inclined-plane ladder section
i, step length l is 1～5 times of ladder height h.
The ladder height of transition steps section is from the height h of the ladder of inclined-plane ladder section
iTransit to the ladder height h of horizontal ladder section.
The present invention has following beneficial effect:
1, the aeration device of curve connection hole body import department can carry out aeration to the import high-velocity flow effectively; aerated flow can protect preceding what ladder; alleviate or avoid the possibility of step generation cavitation erosion; the ladder energy dissipater that curve connects on the body base plate of hole can effectively carry out the transition to the direction of high-velocity flow parallel with the ladder gradient; adjust the fluidised form that curve connects the hole body; reduce curve greatly and connect hole body exit velocity; thereby reach the energy dissipating purpose, reduce washing away the downstream flood discharging tunnel.
2, the downstream flood discharging tunnel need not be provided with the air mixing corrosion reducing facility, and build designs and constructs more convenient and simple.
3, compare with energy dissipators such as absorption basin are set in flood discharge hole outlet or flood discharging tunnel, engineering quantity reduces, and construction investment reduces.
4, aeration type curve ladder energy dissipater of the present invention is simple in structure, and build optimization is easy, and the curve that can be widely used in the flood discharging tunnel of different flow and different gradient is connected in the body of hole.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of structural representation of aeration type curve ladder energy dissipater in flood discharge hole of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the A-A sectional view of Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is the I-I profile of Fig. 1;
Fig. 4 is the II-II profile of Fig. 1;
Fig. 5 is the III-III profile of Fig. 1;
Fig. 6 is the IV-IV profile of Fig. 1;
Fig. 7 is another structural representation of aeration type curve ladder energy dissipater in flood discharge hole of the present invention;
Fig. 8 is the A-A sectional view of Fig. 7;
Fig. 9 is the I-I profile of Fig. 7;
Figure 10 is the II-II profile of Fig. 7;
Figure 11 is the III-III profile of Fig. 7.
Among the figure, cavity, 13-side cavity at the bottom of 1-pressurized tunnel or upstream flood discharging tunnel, 2-pressure slope, 3-aeration device, 4-adjustment slope section, 5-inclined-plane ladder section, 6-transition steps section, the horizontal ladder section of 7-, the anti-segmental arc of 8-, 9-adjustment horizontal segment, 10-downstream flood discharging tunnel, 11-water surface curve, the 12-.
Δ-fall bank height, i
0-adjustment slope section the gradient, L
1-adjustment slope segment length, L
2-inclined-plane ladder segment length, i
iThe ladder gradient, the h of-inclined-plane ladder section
iLadder height, the L of-inclined-plane ladder section
3-transition steps segment length, L
4The ladder height of the horizontal ladder section of step length, h-of-horizontal ladder segment length, the horizontal ladder section of l-, the θ-horizontal ladder section gradient, L
5-anti-segmental arc length, R-anti-arc radius, L
6-adjustment horizontal section length, V-curve connect hole body inlet velocity.
The specific embodiment
Be described further below in conjunction with the structure of accompanying drawing aeration type curve ladder energy dissipater in flood discharge hole of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
In the present embodiment, aeration type curve ladder energy dissipater in flood discharge hole is used for upstream pressurized tunnel (emptying tunnel) 1 and is connected the hole body with curve between the downstream flood discharging tunnel 10.Pressurized tunnel (emptying tunnel) 1 is parallel to each other with downstream flood discharging tunnel 10, and the depth displacement between them is about 28m; Pressurized tunnel (emptying tunnel) 1 diameter d is 3.5m, maximum stream flow Q=190m
3/ s, maximum discharge per unit width q=54m
3/ s.m, the exit is provided with pressure slope 2, and section becomes rectangle (seeing Fig. 3, Fig. 4), the width B of rectangular cross section by circle gradually
1=2.5m, height H
1=2.25m; The section that curve connects the hole body as shown in Figure 5, its width B
2=3.5m, the height H of its abutment wall stalk face
2=5.0m, its import Peak Flow Rate V=30m/s; The section of downstream flood discharging tunnel as shown in Figure 6, its width B
3=7.5m, the height H of abutment wall stalk face
3=8.0m.
Aeration type curve ladder energy dissipater in flood discharge hole in the present embodiment, its structure are made up of the ladder energy dissipater that is provided with on connecting aeration device 3 that hole body import department is provided with at curve and being connected hole body base plate at curve as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2.Aeration device 3 is a sudden enlargement and sudden formula structure, and it falls bank height Δ=0.5m.After ladder energy dissipater is positioned at the adjustment slope section 4 of curve connection hole body base plate, from a high position to low level, be followed successively by inclined-plane ladder section 5, transition steps section 6 and horizontal ladder section 7, horizontal ladder section 7 is joined with the base plate of downstream flood discharging tunnel 10 by anti-segmental arc 8, adjustment horizontal segment 9.Geometry parameter is as follows: the length L of adjusting slope section 4
1=15m, gradient i
0=0.10; The length L of inclined-plane ladder section 5
2=34m, 8 of ladder numbers, ladder gradient i
i=1: 10～6, step length carries out the transition to 3m from 5m, ladder height h
i=0.5m; The length L of transition steps section 6
3=18m, 6 of ladder numbers, ladder height carries out the transition to 1m by 0.5m, and step length is 3m; The length L of horizontal ladder section 7
4=36m, gradient θ=1: 3,12 of ladder numbers, ladder height is h=1m, step length l=3m; The length L of anti-segmental arc 8
5=12m, anti-arc radius R=40m; Adjust the length L of horizontal segment 9
6=6m.
Experiment shows that it is smooth-going that curve connects the interior flow-shape of hole body, do not have disadvantageous hydraulic phenomenon, ladder section current aeration is obvious, ladder energy dissipater energy dissipation rate between 40%～50%, the exit velocity that curve connects the hole body is 25m/s, has reduced the flow velocity of downstream flood discharging tunnel greatly.
Embodiment 2
In the present embodiment, aeration type curve ladder energy dissipater in flood discharge hole is used for upstream flood discharging tunnel (open channel) 1 and is connected the hole body with curve between the downstream flood discharging tunnel 10.Upstream flood discharging tunnel 1 is parallel to each other with downstream flood discharging tunnel 10, and the depth displacement between them is about 42m; The section of upstream flood discharging tunnel 1 as shown in Figure 9, its width B
1=3.0m, the height H of its abutment wall stalk face
1=5.0m, maximum stream flow Q=210m
3/ s, maximum discharge per unit width q=70m
3/ s.m; The section that curve connects the hole body as shown in figure 10, its width B
2=4.0m, the height H of its abutment wall stalk face
2=8.0m, its import Peak Flow Rate V=35m/s; The section of downstream flood discharging tunnel as shown in figure 11, its width B
3=7.0m, the height H of its abutment wall stalk face
3=7.0.
Aeration type curve ladder energy dissipater in flood discharge hole in the present embodiment, its structure such as Fig. 7, shown in Figure 8 are made up of the ladder energy dissipater that is provided with on connecting aeration device 3 that hole body import department is provided with at curve and being connected hole body base plate at curve.Aeration device 3 is a sudden enlargement and sudden formula structure, and it falls bank height Δ=1.0m.After ladder energy dissipater is positioned at the adjustment slope section 4 of curve connection hole body base plate, from a high position to low level, be followed successively by inclined-plane ladder section 5, transition steps section 6 and horizontal ladder section 7, horizontal ladder section 7 is joined with the base plate of downstream flood discharging tunnel 10 by anti-segmental arc 8, adjustment horizontal segment 9.Geometry parameter is as follows: the length L of adjusting slope section 4
1=40m, gradient i
0=0.05; The length L of inclined-plane ladder section 5
2=42m, 8 of ladder numbers, ladder gradient i
i=1: 13.33～8.33, step length carries out the transition to 5m from 8m, ladder height h
i=0.6m; The length L of transition steps section 6
3=40m, 10 of ladder numbers, ladder height carries out the transition to 1.2m by 0.6m, and step length is 4.0m; The length L of horizontal ladder section 7
4=60m, gradient θ=1: 3.33,15 of ladder numbers, ladder height is h=1.2m, step length l=4.0m; The length L of anti-segmental arc 8
5=20m, anti-arc radius R=40m; Adjust the length L of horizontal segment 9
6=15m.
Experiment shows that it is smooth-going that curve connects the interior flow-shape of hole body, do not have disadvantageous hydraulic phenomenon, ladder section current aeration is obvious, ladder energy dissipater energy dissipation rate about 60%, the exit velocity that curve connects the hole body is 25m/s, has reduced the flow velocity of downstream flood discharging tunnel greatly.
Claims (3)
1, a kind of aeration type curve ladder energy dissipater in flood discharge hole, be included in different parallel flood discharging tunnel of both heights or pressurized tunnel (1) and be connected the aeration device (3) that hole body import department is provided with curve between the downstream flood discharging tunnel (10), it is characterized in that also being included in curve and connect the ladder energy dissipater that is provided with on the body base plate of hole, after described ladder energy dissipater is positioned at the adjustment slope section (4) of curve connection hole body base plate, to low level, ladder energy dissipater is followed successively by inclined-plane ladder section (5), transition steps section (6) and horizontal ladder section (7) from a high position.
2, aeration type curve ladder energy dissipater in flood discharge hole according to claim 1 is characterized in that the ladder gradient i of inclined-plane ladder section (5)
i=1: 20～5, ladder height 0＜h
i＜1.0m; The ladder height h of horizontal ladder section (7) is greater than the ladder height h of inclined-plane ladder section
i, step length l is 1～5 times of ladder height h.
3, aeration type curve ladder energy dissipater in flood discharge hole according to claim 2 is characterized in that the height h of the ladder height of transition steps section (6) from the ladder of inclined-plane ladder section (5)
iTransit to the ladder height h of horizontal ladder section (7).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2008100459784A CN101349047B (en) | 2008-09-04 | 2008-09-04 | Aeration type curve ladder energy dissipater in flood discharge hole |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2008100459784A CN101349047B (en) | 2008-09-04 | 2008-09-04 | Aeration type curve ladder energy dissipater in flood discharge hole |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101349047A true CN101349047A (en) | 2009-01-21 |
| CN101349047B CN101349047B (en) | 2010-06-02 |
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ID=40267998
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2008100459784A Expired - Fee Related CN101349047B (en) | 2008-09-04 | 2008-09-04 | Aeration type curve ladder energy dissipater in flood discharge hole |
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Cited By (10)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102677640A (en) * | 2012-05-25 | 2012-09-19 | 四川大学 | Step energy dissipater comprising reverse arc surfaces |
| CN102691280A (en) * | 2012-06-13 | 2012-09-26 | 四川大学 | Multistage sliding ladder and stilling pool combined energy dissipater used for soft foundation section |
| CN103362103A (en) * | 2013-07-12 | 2013-10-23 | 天津大学 | Steel membrane step-type overflow dam |
| CN104480912A (en) * | 2014-11-27 | 2015-04-01 | 中国电建集团成都勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Flood discharging tunnel structure |
| CN107476262A (en) * | 2017-07-19 | 2017-12-15 | 昆明理工大学 | A kind of plagiohedral ladder energy dissipater on overfall dam |
| CN109577291A (en) * | 2018-12-25 | 2019-04-05 | 中国电建集团贵阳勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Flow channel capable of realizing centralized energy dissipation |
| CN111121854A (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2020-05-08 | 南昌工程学院 | Device for measuring energy dissipation rate of trajectory jet energy dissipater and using method |
| CN111794193A (en) * | 2020-06-30 | 2020-10-20 | 中国电建集团华东勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Connecting structure for eliminating cavitation damage of reverse arc tail end of high-flow-rate flood discharge tunnel |
| CN113023814A (en) * | 2021-02-03 | 2021-06-25 | 四川大学 | Liftable hydraulic device for promoting level recovery of dissolved gas in water body based on step aeration |
| CN114016474A (en) * | 2021-12-06 | 2022-02-08 | 中国电建集团华东勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Aeration facility adapted to low-inflow Freund's number |
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| CN103898881B (en) * | 2014-04-17 | 2015-05-27 | 四川大学 | Graded flow configuration energy dissipation method for deflecting water streams |
| CN103898882B (en) * | 2014-04-21 | 2015-05-27 | 四川大学 | Classified pool-inlet high-dam flood discharge energy dissipater for bottom flow and energy dissipating method |
| CN104389299A (en) * | 2014-10-28 | 2015-03-04 | 中国电建集团成都勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Aeration structure for Longluowei flood discharging tunnel |
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2008
- 2008-09-04 CN CN2008100459784A patent/CN101349047B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102677640A (en) * | 2012-05-25 | 2012-09-19 | 四川大学 | Step energy dissipater comprising reverse arc surfaces |
| CN102691280A (en) * | 2012-06-13 | 2012-09-26 | 四川大学 | Multistage sliding ladder and stilling pool combined energy dissipater used for soft foundation section |
| CN102691280B (en) * | 2012-06-13 | 2015-08-26 | 四川大学 | For multi-stage slide ladder and the absorption basin combined energy dissipater of soft base section |
| CN103362103A (en) * | 2013-07-12 | 2013-10-23 | 天津大学 | Steel membrane step-type overflow dam |
| CN103362103B (en) * | 2013-07-12 | 2015-05-20 | 天津大学 | Steel membrane step-type overflow dam |
| CN104480912A (en) * | 2014-11-27 | 2015-04-01 | 中国电建集团成都勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Flood discharging tunnel structure |
| CN107476262A (en) * | 2017-07-19 | 2017-12-15 | 昆明理工大学 | A kind of plagiohedral ladder energy dissipater on overfall dam |
| CN109577291A (en) * | 2018-12-25 | 2019-04-05 | 中国电建集团贵阳勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Flow channel capable of realizing centralized energy dissipation |
| CN111121854A (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2020-05-08 | 南昌工程学院 | Device for measuring energy dissipation rate of trajectory jet energy dissipater and using method |
| CN111794193A (en) * | 2020-06-30 | 2020-10-20 | 中国电建集团华东勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Connecting structure for eliminating cavitation damage of reverse arc tail end of high-flow-rate flood discharge tunnel |
| CN113023814A (en) * | 2021-02-03 | 2021-06-25 | 四川大学 | Liftable hydraulic device for promoting level recovery of dissolved gas in water body based on step aeration |
| CN113023814B (en) * | 2021-02-03 | 2022-06-17 | 四川大学 | Liftable hydraulic device for promoting level recovery of dissolved gas in water body based on step aeration |
| CN114016474A (en) * | 2021-12-06 | 2022-02-08 | 中国电建集团华东勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Aeration facility adapted to low-inflow Freund's number |
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| CN101349047B (en) | 2010-06-02 |
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