CN101338682A - Subway dedicated shield tunneling segment prefabricated construction method - Google Patents
Subway dedicated shield tunneling segment prefabricated construction method Download PDFInfo
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- CN101338682A CN101338682A CNA2008100300759A CN200810030075A CN101338682A CN 101338682 A CN101338682 A CN 101338682A CN A2008100300759 A CNA2008100300759 A CN A2008100300759A CN 200810030075 A CN200810030075 A CN 200810030075A CN 101338682 A CN101338682 A CN 101338682A
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a shield segment prefabrication construction method special for subway. The method comprises the steps of manufacturing and installing a reinforcement cage, assembling a mould, stirring, transporting and casting concrete, carring out segment surface, steam maintenance, removing the mould and segment maintenance. The segment is allowed to stand for one hour after the segment surface is finished. Firstly, the segment is covered with a maintaining cover and then is processed for non-pressure steam maintenance. The segment maintenance comprises pool maintenance and spray maintenance. The segment is allowed to stand for 30 to 60 minutes after the mould is removed, the pool maintenance is not less than seven days, and then the segment is transferred to a spray maintenance field. The concrete ring segment prefabrication construction used for an underground large-caliber pipeline shield can also refer to the shield segment prefabrication construction method which has reasonable technical distribution, smooth production, less resource investment, large production capacity, high production efficiency and high automatization degree and is good for forming a segment production line on a large scale.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the civil construction field, especially the precast construction method of subway tunnel shield duct piece.
Background technology
In recent years, the continuous expansion of subway construction scale, the shield-tunneling construction technology obtains application more and more widely in subway construction, and the section of jurisdiction is as the main concrete prefabricated element of subway shield tunnel construction, and its production technology is complicated, and required precision is more and more higher.The construction precision of metro shield section of jurisdiction can only reach 1mm in the past, had required finished product to reach 0.5mm at present, therefore pressed for the very high metro shield section of jurisdiction job practices of a kind of precision level.
Along with domestic each metropolitan section of jurisdiction manufacturer is on the increase, China has also formulated about the subway work technical specification.Yet because the production requirement of section of jurisdiction is not still formed unified worker's method, and the production technology of each section of jurisdiction manufacturer also is not quite similar, all transfer efficients of segment die are low, speed of production is fast inadequately, Given this, subway section of jurisdiction production industry is badly in need of wanting the production worker method of a comparative maturity to instruct production, enhances productivity.In other words, precision and efficient are the major issues of metro shield segment prefabricated construction.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of special-purpose shield duct piece precast construction method of subway of maturation, process layout is reasonable, section of jurisdiction precision height; produce smoothness, the resource less investment, production capacity is big; the production efficiency height, the automaticity height helps forming the section of jurisdiction production line of scale.
The subway dedicated shield tunneling segment prefabricated construction method comprises the making and the installation of cage of reinforcement, and the assembling of mould, is transported and watered and smash at concrete stirring, and face is picked up in the section of jurisdiction, stream curing, form removal, section of jurisdiction maintenance step.
Described steam-cured step left standstill after face is picked up in the section of jurisdiction one hour, and maintenance is carried out in its section of jurisdiction before to the demoulding, at first covers the stream curing cover; It is steam-cured not have pressure then, and heating up time 1-2 hour, programming rate was controlled at 10-20 ℃/hour; Constant temperature time 2-3 hour, maximum temperature was controlled at below 55 ℃; Temperature-fall period 1-2 hour, cooling rate was controlled at 10-20 ℃/hour; The difference of surface temperature and environment temperature was not more than 20 ℃ when the section of jurisdiction went out groove.The present invention improves steam-cured technology, does not have the steam-cured autoclave that do not need of pressure, only needs canvas to cover prefabricated pipe section as the stream curing cover, and technological operation is simple, and canvas can reuse.In the speed of the temperature range of the present invention and the cooling that heats up, the section of jurisdiction can the quickest design strength that reaches.For example adopt that segment die can only have enough to meet the need once in the common maintenance means 24 hours, and can have enough to meet the need twice after adopting precast construction method of the present invention, improved the turnover rate of speed of production and mould significantly.
The step of described section of jurisdiction maintenance comprises pond maintenance and two kinds of process forms of spray maintenance.The step of prefabricated construction worker method of the present invention section of jurisdiction maintenance is carried out two control indexs, and the section of jurisdiction after the demoulding is left standstill and will be reached 30-60 minute, and will treat that the surface, section of jurisdiction hangs in the section of jurisdiction pond again when being no more than 15 ℃ with the pond temperature difference and carries out the pond maintenance.The section of jurisdiction member can reach these two indexs substantially simultaneously in the construction practice.The pond maintenance is no less than 7 days; Then the section of jurisdiction is transported to spray maintenance stockyard and sprays maintenance, the maintenance of nature spray is carried out in the section of jurisdiction by pressure pump.
Described stream curing cover is a canvas, colour bar cloth or movable frame.
In the step that described concrete stirs, mixing time is no less than 2 minutes, and the material allowable error is: cement ± 2%; Coarse-fine aggregate ± 3%; Water and additive ± 2%.The slump has material impact for the presentation quality of section of jurisdiction component surface, and prefabricated construction worker method of the present invention is strict controlled in 50 ± 20mm with the slump, can significantly reduce the degree of the coarse of section of jurisdiction appearance and generation bubble.
The segment die width accuracy that adopts is ± 0.25mm.
In the installation steps of described cage of reinforcement, reinforcing bar binding adopts CO
2Weldering.
Described concrete watering smash step, and it adopts hopper to pour into a mould, and adopts the vibration moulding of plug-in type vibrating head, and the time of vibration in each oscillation point was controlled in 20 seconds, extracted vibrating head after the jolt ramming; After all vibration moulding is finished, floating middle place concrete.
The step of face is picked up in described section of jurisdiction, and behind casting and compacting of concrete, it uses the strickling of aluminium alloys nose bar to remove unnecessary concrete or fill up recess, and roughly grinds; Use the ash spoon with surperficial troweling then.
The step of described form removal, the test specimen of the same terms maintenance are through pressure testing, and its intensity reaches C18, then can carry out form removal.
This worker method is applicable to the prefabricated construction of the special-purpose 5.4m internal diameter of subway shield-tunneling construction with concrete pipe sheet, and the concrete ring plate prefabricated construction that underground large diameter pipeline shield structure uses also can reference.
The production equipment of assembly room, reasonable disposition section of jurisdiction, give full play to the effect of each production equipment in the section of jurisdiction produces, each procedure in the technological process is combined effectively, realized by raw material march into the arena, manufacturing process control, the strict monitoring of quality, product are qualified checks and accepts the most optimum distribution of resources that product appears on the scene.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows
1, process layout is reasonable, produces smoothness, the resource less investment, and production capacity is big, the production efficiency height.
2, automaticity height helps forming the section of jurisdiction production line of scale.
3, quality level strictness, section of jurisdiction precision height, presentation quality is good, helps the modular product quality acceptance standard, and product quality satisfies the metro shield requirement of engineering.
4, this worker's method adopts the batch production prefabricated construction, has environmental protection, energy-conservation, the safer characteristics of constructing.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the FB(flow block) of subway dedicated shield tunneling segment prefabricated construction method of the present invention.
The specific embodiment
One, the making of cage of reinforcement
The making of cage of reinforcement and inspection: being produced in the reinforcing bar workshop of cage of reinforcement carried out, and after the operations such as the cut-out of the former material process of reinforcing bar, bending, curved arc, adopts CO
2Arc-welding machine carries out welding fabrication on the scale mould, then the cage of reinforcement of making is put into the standard pattern and check, cage of reinforcement transports the assembly room, section of jurisdiction through using fork truck after the passed examination to from the reinforcing bar workshop.
Should be undertaken by the reinforcing bar processing detail paper that the design engineer assigns during 1 operation, should carry out by Notification of Changes if any change.The length metering method of reinforcing bar given shape, crooked size method of measurement should meet the drawing requirement.
2 reinforcing bars are opened the material workman should cut off processing to reinforcing bar by the schedule work that the reinforcing bar section chief assigns, and must be familiar with the blanking inventory before opening material, should in time understand and obvious sign is made in change reinforcing bar blanking Notification of Changes.
3 open material must carry out according to the material program of opening of establishment, each size of adjusting all should the trial cut material, check and approve measure size after, can carry out the continuous cutting-off operation, the bar cutting error in length requires: steel bar stress length allowable error must not surpass ± 10mm, the crooked place allowable error of moment reinforcement must not surpass ± 10mm, and the span access location length allowable error of stirrup must not surpass ± 10mm.
4 bar bendings should be strict with the design drawing requirement, and by the bar bending schedule work that the reinforcing bar section chief assigns reinforcing bar is carried out bending machining.
5 reinforcing bar curved arc processes are answered held stationary, average rate, prevent plane warping, and must not there be the crack moulding rear surface.
6 cage of reinforcement moulding must be made on the pattern that adheres to specification, and skeleton at first must be by trial production, with welding fabrication and making in batches after the assay was approved.
7 use CO
2When arc-welding machine carried out the cage of reinforcement welding fabrication, stinging meat, pore, being mingled with phenomenon must not appear in weld seam.The reinforcing bar welding is by design and construction and existing national standard, and the necessary compliant requirement of weld bead height must be removed oxide skin and welding slag clean after the welding.
Two, the assembling of mould
Residual concrete in the segment die is cleaned out, and the good mould of assembly unit then, adopts spray method evenly to coat release agent in mould, and cage of reinforcement and various built-in fitting are installed.
Must conscientiously clear up mould before 1 assembly jig, the concrete eluvium full scale clearance on the mould, the concrete eluvium must not be still amassed at any position of the mould inner surface after the cleaning.Mould inner surface uses sponge piece and film to cooperate cleaning.Cleaning is during mold outer surface, will note removing the concrete eluvium of all positions of measurement level especially.After the concrete eluvium is all peeled off, should use pressure-air to spray, whole foreign material are cleaned out from mould inner surface, any residual foreign material must not be arranged by the special messenger.
2 are responsible for spraying release agent by the special messenger, and before the spraying release agent, whether the inspection mould inner surface leave the concrete eluvium earlier, if any notifying clear mould personnel the cleaning of doing over again.Use vaporific sprayer spraying skim earlier, evenly smear with mop then, must make the whole uniform thin layer release agents of mould inner surface, have the release agent that drops down stream to gather, use cotton yarn and clean out as the bottom, two ends.
3 with bolt in the middle of the hoop side template with hand-screw tightening position, the back firmly is screwed onto firmly with the special tool equilibrium, pays special attention to strictness and makes identical the sign fully to normotopia, and tight a bolt, and must not overexert.Tightening with special tool again behind the bolt hand-tight make-up in the middle of the vertical side template, tighten to the two ends order by the centre position, forbid anti-operation in tandem, in order to avoid cause the die deformation loss of significance.
Check the sign that coincide after 4 punching blocks combine, be responsible for the mould intrados is carried out width measure by the special messenger.Assay will report that the supervising engineer approves, can carry out next step operation.
Three, cage of reinforcement is installed
1 after the assigned address on the cage of reinforcement is loaded onto the topping cushion block, cooperates special hanger by specification cage of reinforcement to be hung into mould by bridge crane.Bridge crane driver and terrestrial operation person answer close fit during operation, and the jail is held up by the operator in two ends, with clear and definite gesture commander, accurate position are drink spiked, are put down gently, and cage of reinforcement and mould are bumped.
2 cage of reinforcement are put into will check whether mould side, bottom protective layer be well-balanced behind the mould, and any topping that causes is greater than predetermined tolerance, or the cage of reinforcement of serious distortion all must not use, and should hang mould and transport.Use the plastics personality card, the protection bed thickness of reinforcing bar: main muscle 50mm, inferior muscle 25mm.
After 3 cage of reinforcement are gone into mould, every cage of reinforcement is proofreaied and correct one by one by standard-required.To laterally, bolt hole position, topping etc. are proofreaied and correct, are surveyed longitudinally, qualified by inspection after, can carry out concrete the watering in section of jurisdiction and smash.
4 prepared screw-bolt hole, grout hole, the built-in fittings that are fixed on the template must not be omitted, and installing must be firmly, and the position is accurate, and built-in fitting and reserve bolt when the reinforcement location of section of jurisdiction should be with its welding foot reinforcement location and welding nearby.
Four, concrete stirs and transportation
Concrete is discharged in the hopper on the storage battery transport vehicle through after stirring, and the concrete that stirs is transported to the die location that has assembled, carries out casting and compacting of concrete.
The periodic inspection in accordance with regulations of 1 stirring system, the Weighing system strictness is operated by specification requirement, and the accuracy of periodic check electronic weighing system in accordance with regulations.Concrete mix must be joined through examination, casts two groups of test blocks and tests by standard, and result of the test must be examined through management and be confirmed can to use after qualified, before each the stirring, automatically measure water content of sandstone by instrument, and adjust, inaccurate arbitrarily change match ratio according to the variation of water content.
2 material allowable errors: cement ± 2%; Coarse-fine aggregate ± 3%; Water and additive ± 2%.Mixing time is not less than 2 minutes, and the slump is controlled to be 50 ± 20mm.
3 concrete samples are made, and make one group of compressive strength test specimen by every perfusion 5 rings of same match ratio, and the regulation that per 10 rings are made one group of impervious pressure test specimen is carried out; And the resistance to compression test specimen also will satisfy, and per tour is minimum takes out one group of concrete sample.
Five, casting and compacting of concrete
Concrete pouring adopts the mode of hopper blanking to pour into a mould, and uses bridge crane that hopper is sling, and concrete is gone into the mould casting.Adopt the vibration moulding of plug-in type vibrating head, each oscillation point time of vibration is controlled at 10-20 in second, and the rod that shakes after the jolt ramming must slowly be extracted.After all vibration moulding is finished, should floating middle place concrete.
1 builds preceding must carrying out an acceptance inspection to the mould that assembles in accordance with regulations, guarantees that the dimensional tolerance of mould meets the requirements prescribed.
2 concrete pourings adopt the mode of hopper blanking to pour into a mould, and the concrete hopper adopts extra quality mouthful of control discharging, can increase the blanking velocity of hopper.
3 concrete will pour into by different level, pay special attention to make concrete even cloth in mould.
4 employing plug-in type vibrating head vibration mouldings are vibrated to concrete and the side plate contact position no longer includes spurting gas, bubble, and till reaching evenly, pay special attention to not make vibrating head bump template.After the concrete jolt ramming, the rod that shakes must slowly be transferred to.
5 only are identified the slump just can use in allowed limits, otherwise will discard.When adopting vibrating head vibration moulding, must strict control time of vibration.
After 6 vibration mouldings are finished, answer floating middle place concrete, use the aluminium alloys nose bar, strickling is removed unnecessary concrete (or filling up institute's recess) and is polished.Use the ash spoon to carry out the light face then, make section of jurisdiction surfacing, smooth.Use the Seiko of long ash spoon floating, so that the ashless spoon of surface-brightening trace.
Six, face is picked up in the section of jurisdiction
Use the aluminium alloys nose bar, wipe off and remove unnecessary concrete (or filling up institute's recess), and roughly grind.Use the ash spoon to carry out the light face then, make the section of jurisdiction face smooth, smooth.Use the Seiko of long ash spoon floating, make every effort to make the ashless spoon seal of surface-brightening.
Seven, stream curing
Stream curing is carried out in section of jurisdiction before adopting the stream curing mode to the demoulding, to improve the utilization rate of mould.Temperature controller is adopted in the temperature control of maintenance steam, variation by the temperature sensor senses vapor (steam) temperature in the mould, automatically control the size of evaporation capacity for engine to regulate electromagnetic valve, concrete stream curing temperature is controlled in the scope of setting, guarantee the quality requirement of section of jurisdiction.
1 after build the section of jurisdiction, parks 1h in the district of resting; And carry out asperities on request and criticize and smear, meticulous again smearing when treating that water is received on the surface to the light face.
2 cover the steam-cured cover in sections of jurisdiction, and carry out steam-cured cover prevent the leak security performance of measure and thermometric inspection eye of steam.
3 stream curing processes must strictly observe " quietly stop, intensification, constant temperature, cooling " four-stage and control, avoid owing to vapor (steam) temperature suddenly lifting cause that concrete component produces the crack distortion.(section of jurisdiction is through behind the light face and after concrete rested 1 hour, and covering mould with the steam-cured cover of canvas, not have pressure steam-cured adopt not have to press steam-cured mode.Heating up time (1～2) hour, the constant temperature phase temperature is controlled at 55 ℃ (2～3) hour, temperature-fall period control (10～20) ℃/h (about 1～2 hour).The difference that goes out groove component surface temperature and environment temperature must not be greater than 20 ℃, and concrete strength reaches C 18 can carry out the demoulding.
4 form removals or when removing lagging facility, the difference of surface temperature and environment temperature should not be greater than 20 ℃.
5 by holding the personnel operation that labour bureau provides the special work post job qualification certificate and the process operation training quality certification.The special messenger is responsible for operating the opening and closing of steam valve, data such as record temperature.
The indwelling of 6 concrete pipe sheet test specimens, except that meeting " concrete structure engineering construction quality standards of acceptance " (GB50204-2002) 4.6.6 and the 4.6.7 bar regulation, still should set up be not less than two groups with the test specimen of section of jurisdiction with the condition maintenance, be respectively applied for check section of jurisdiction demoulding strength and change the concrete strength of normal temperature maintenance 28d over to.
7 for avoid owing to vapor (steam) temperature suddenly lifting cause that concrete component produces the crack distortion, must strict control heat up and the speed of cooling, this point is most important to the influence of section of jurisdiction quality.
Hung in the pond after the 8 section of jurisdiction demouldings and carry out soaked maintenance, the surface temperature in the time of must controlling the section of jurisdiction demoulding and the water temperature difference in pond, the temperature difference generally are not more than 20 degree.
Eight, form removal
When section of jurisdiction stream curing reaches demoulding strength, the section of jurisdiction is lifted the demoulding.In section of jurisdiction lifting knockout course, adopt special-purpose section of jurisdiction suspender that the section of jurisdiction is hung mould, be transported on the segment overturning machine, carry out next section of jurisdiction, road upset operation.
1 according to reaching C18 through the same terms maintenance test specimen through pressure testing intensity, then can carry out form removal.
2 form removals are in proper order: dismantle vertical bolts at two ends earlier, unscrew the middle part bolt to middle direction, unscrew the folding bolt again.The set bolt of dismounting grout pipe and location lid wipe clean clearly earlier, are placed on assigned address.Dismantle vertical septate mode and bed die set bolt earlier, back stripping ring is to side form and bed die binder bolt, and disassembly sequence must not be put upside down.
Barbarous operation such as forbid to beat, knock in 3 form removals, the demoulding must be used special hanger, sends the lifting signal by the special messenger to the bridge crane driver and carries out the demoulding.
Nine, segment overturning and transhipment
After the demoulding of section of jurisdiction, handling is overturn 90 ° to the special overturn machine of section of jurisdiction, and the segment overturning machine of 90 ° of disposable upsets is adopted in the upset of section of jurisdiction, and this equipment adopts hydraulic pressure to control automatically, can regulate its reversal rate as required automatically, make the section of jurisdiction finish 90 ° of upsets fast.Adopt then special hanger with the section of jurisdiction handling to the electronic transport vehicle, transport the section of jurisdiction to section of jurisdiction maintenance place from the assembly room and carry out pond maintenance or spray maintenance.
Ten, section of jurisdiction maintenance
Pond maintenance and two kinds of process forms of spray maintenance of comprising the section of jurisdiction, the section of jurisdiction of the demoulding just need be left standstill 30-60 minute, when treating section of jurisdiction surface temperature and pond temperature near (temperature difference generally is no more than 20 degree) section of jurisdiction is hung in the pond and carry out the pond maintenance, the pond curing time generally is no less than 7 days.Then the section of jurisdiction is transported to spray maintenance stockyard and sprays maintenance, arrange aqueduct shower nozzle,, the maintenance of nature spray is carried out in the section of jurisdiction by the pressure pump pressurization in the both sides in spray maintenance stockyard.
Claims (8)
1. the subway dedicated shield tunneling segment prefabricated construction method comprises the making and the installation of cage of reinforcement, and the assembling of mould, is transported and watered and smash at concrete stirring, and face is picked up in the section of jurisdiction, stream curing, and form removal, maintenance step in section of jurisdiction is characterized in that:
Described steam-cured step left standstill after face is picked up in the section of jurisdiction one hour, and maintenance is carried out in its section of jurisdiction before to the demoulding, at first covers the stream curing cover; It is steam-cured not have pressure then, and heating up time 1-2 hour, programming rate was controlled at 10-20 ℃/hour; Constant temperature time 2-3 hour, maximum temperature was controlled at below 55 ℃; Temperature-fall period 1-2 hour, cooling rate was controlled at 10-20 ℃/hour; The difference of surface temperature and environment temperature was not more than 20 ℃ when the section of jurisdiction went out groove;
The step of described section of jurisdiction maintenance, comprise pond maintenance and two kinds of process forms of spray maintenance, section of jurisdiction after the demoulding is left standstill 30-60 minute, and treats that the surface, section of jurisdiction hangs in the pond with the section of jurisdiction when being no more than 15 ℃ with the pond temperature difference and carries out the pond maintenance, and the pond maintenance is no less than 7 days; Then the section of jurisdiction is transported to spray maintenance stockyard and sprays maintenance, the maintenance of nature spray is carried out in the section of jurisdiction by pressure pump.
2. subway dedicated shield tunneling segment prefabricated construction method according to claim 1 is characterized in that described stream curing cover is canvas, colour bar cloth or movable frame.
3. subway dedicated shield tunneling segment prefabricated construction method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, in the step that described concrete stirs, mixing time is no less than 2 minutes, and the material allowable error is: cement ± 2%; Coarse-fine aggregate ± 3%; Water and additive ± 2%, the slump is controlled to be 50 ± 20mm.
4. subway dedicated shield tunneling segment prefabricated construction method according to claim 1 is characterized in that the segment die width accuracy of employing is no more than ± 0.25mm.
5. subway dedicated shield tunneling segment prefabricated construction method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, in the installation steps of described cage of reinforcement, reinforcing bar binding adopts CO
2Weldering.
6. subway dedicated shield tunneling segment prefabricated construction method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the step of described form removal, and the test specimen of the same terms maintenance is through pressure testing, and its intensity reaches C18, then can carry out form removal.
7. subway dedicated shield tunneling segment prefabricated construction method according to claim 1 is characterized in that described concrete watering smash step, it adopts hopper to pour into a mould, adopt the vibration moulding of plug-in type vibrating head, the time of vibration in each oscillation point was controlled in 20 seconds, extracted vibrating head after the jolt ramming; After all vibration moulding is finished, floating middle place concrete.
8. subway dedicated shield tunneling segment prefabricated construction method according to claim 1 is characterized in that the step of face is picked up in described section of jurisdiction, and behind casting and compacting of concrete, it uses aluminium alloys nose bar to wipe off to remove unnecessary concrete or fill up recess, and roughly grinds; Use the ash spoon with surperficial troweling then.
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| CN200810030075A CN100585125C (en) | 2008-08-08 | 2008-08-08 | Subway dedicated shield tunneling segment prefabricated construction method |
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| CN102155242A (en) * | 2011-05-25 | 2011-08-17 | 江苏牧羊集团有限公司 | Shield segment mold |
| CN102528917A (en) * | 2011-12-02 | 2012-07-04 | 中铁八局集团桥梁工程有限责任公司 | Energy-saving environment friendly production method of concrete lining segment |
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| CN102155242A (en) * | 2011-05-25 | 2011-08-17 | 江苏牧羊集团有限公司 | Shield segment mold |
| CN102528917B (en) * | 2011-12-02 | 2014-06-18 | 中铁八局集团桥梁工程有限责任公司 | Energy-saving environment friendly production method of concrete lining segment |
| CN102528917A (en) * | 2011-12-02 | 2012-07-04 | 中铁八局集团桥梁工程有限责任公司 | Energy-saving environment friendly production method of concrete lining segment |
| CN102615704A (en) * | 2012-05-02 | 2012-08-01 | 上海隧道工程股份有限公司 | Automatic steam curing system of pipe segment production line |
| CN102615704B (en) * | 2012-05-02 | 2014-06-18 | 上海隧道工程股份有限公司 | Automatic steam curing system of pipe segment production line |
| CN103670442A (en) * | 2012-09-04 | 2014-03-26 | 苏国建 | Prefabricated concrete hyperbolical thin-shell arch type assembled underground space engineering supporting structure |
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