CN101325454B - Method for reducing indeterminacy in chromatic dispersion test of optical fiber polarization film - Google Patents
Method for reducing indeterminacy in chromatic dispersion test of optical fiber polarization film Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A method for reducing the uncertainty in the optical fiber polarization film dispersion test is provided, wherein a polarization disturbance controller is added between an input end and/or an output end of the optical fiber to be tested with the test device, for controlling the inputting and/or outputting polarization state of the optical fiber. According to the method, the polarization disturbance controller is controlled in a plurality of times of optical fiber polarization film dispersion test, causing the output polarization state and/or the input polarization state in plurality of times of test distributed uniformly on the polarization state poincare sphere, and the arithmetic mean or the root mean square average computation of each testing result is performed according to the types of the result limited by the specific testing principle of the tester, to obtain the polarization film dispersion testing value with high precision.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to optical communication field, be specifically related to a kind of method that in chromatic dispersion test of optical fiber polarization, reduces uncertainty.
Background technology
Along with development of technology; The transmission range and the transmission rate of optical communication improve rapidly; And progressively solved line hepatitis consumption and wavelength dispersion restriction to transmission performance through light amplification and dispersion compensation technology; But polarization mode dispersion (PMD, Polarization Mode Dispersion) does not still have good solution so far to the restriction of transmission performance.When light signal is injected into when transmitting in the monomode fiber; Since the variation of fiber size and the symmetric difference of refractive index, lateral pressure and the bending of optical fiber influence, the degeneracy transmission mode that the light signal of single mode transport can be split into two cross-polarizations and have transmission rate difference.This transmission rate difference will cause the broadening of transmission signals pulse, thereby suppresses the raising of transmission rate and transmission range.Because these two orthogonal polarization modes can coupling and power transfer occur because of symmetry, side pressure, crooked variation in the transmission of general single mode fiber; And this mode coupling meeting the influence of factor such as is put along with wavelength, time, temperature, position and change at random is taken place; So respective change will appear in its pulse stretching, slowly change in time.This change at random meets maxwell's distributive law in the long optical fibers transmission link.Though that is to say that probability is less, also very big instantaneous value might occur.The PMD of this change at random influences to communication quality and guarantees to have brought uncertain factor, has brought uncertainty also for the transmission performance of understanding system.The mean value of PMD then can characterize the regularity of its change at random, and the parameter value that accurately obtains mean P MD is exactly to understand the optical link performance and analyze its basic fundamental means to the transmission system influence.
The method of testing of PMD has a variety of; The definition and the method for measurement of monomode fiber polarization mode dispersion have been introduced among ITU-T G650.2 of standardization department of international telecommunication union telecommunication (2007) and the IEC IEC661282-9 (2006); The reference test method of having stipulated PMD is the Stokes' parameter determination method, also has the method for testing of substituting: methods of testing such as polarization state method and interferometric method.
Wherein, The Stokes' parameter determination method is to measure the reference test method of monomode fiber PMD value; Its test philosophy is in a wave-length coverage, to measure the output polarization attitude with wavelength change with certain wavelength interval, analyzes and calculates through the Jones matrix intrinsic, obtains the coefficient value of PMD.
The polarization state method is to measure the alternate test method of monomode fiber PMD; Its measuring principle is: for fixing input polarization; When injecting optical wavelength (frequency) variation, tested optical fiber output polarization attitude (SOP) also can develop on poincare sphere in the Stokes' parameter space, and they are around the axle rotation that overlaps with Principal State of Polarization (PSP) direction; The anglec of rotation depends on the PMD time delay: time delay is big more, and the anglec of rotation is big more.On poincare sphere, represent the anglec of rotation θ of polarization state (SOP) point during through measurement respective corners frequency change ω, just can calculate the PMD time delay.The polarization state method has directly provided Differential Group Delay between tested sample PSP (DGD) and wavelength or the functional relation of time, obtains PMD through in time or wave-length coverage, averaging.
The test philosophy of interferometric method is: when optical fiber one end throws light on wideband light source, at the auto-correlation function or the cross-correlation function of measurement of output end electromagnetic field, thereby confirm PMD.In conventional interference method instrument, interference pattern has one corresponding to relevant peak, the autocorrelative center of light source.Measured value has been represented the mean value in measuring wave-length coverage.At 1310nm or the different instruments of 1550nm window certain wave-length coverage is arranged all.
But existing method of testing all can not guarantee the result of twice test and have better repeatability.This has just brought the puzzlement of many aspects such as raising of tolerance, performance impact, optical cable manufacturing and laying technology to this parameter.Owing to fiber PMD in time, temperature, operation wavelength, placement state become, institute thinks and avoids testing consuming time long that measuring PMD at present all is that the PMD in the wave band is tested, and then obtains its wavelength mean value and assert that it is a link mean P MD value.But under different time, different temperature and different fibers placement state; The result that twice continuous test may obtain to differ greatly; Which test result is more effective so; How to obtain the test data of low uncertainty, and then accurately instruct each relevant link of optical communication just to become a very important techniques problem.
Summary of the invention
In order to improve the test degree of certainty; The present invention proposes a kind of method that in chromatic dispersion test of optical fiber polarization, reduces uncertainty; Between the input of testing fiber and chromatic dispersion test of optical fiber polarization appearance transmitter, add the polarization scrambling controller; And utilize the chromatic dispersion test of optical fiber polarization appearance to measure, said method also comprises:
A, in optic fiber polarization mould dispersion is repeatedly measured this polarization scrambling controller of control, make repeatedly measure in the polarization state of light detecting signal of injection fibre be evenly distribution on the polarization state poincare sphere;
B, the result type that each time test result is limited according to the concrete test philosophy of tester carry out arithmetic average or root mean square average computation, obtain the polarization mode dispersion of testing fiber.
Second aspect present invention also proposes a kind of method that in chromatic dispersion test of optical fiber polarization, reduces uncertainty; Between the output of testing fiber and chromatic dispersion test of optical fiber polarization instrument receiver, add the polarization scrambling controller; And utilize the optic fiber polarization mould dispersion measuring instrument to measure, said method also comprises:
A, in optic fiber polarization mould dispersion is repeatedly measured this polarization scrambling controller of control, make output to the chromatic dispersion test of optical fiber polarization instrument receiver in repeatedly measuring polarization state on the polarization state poincare sphere for evenly distributing;
B, the result type that each time test result is limited according to the concrete test philosophy of tester carry out arithmetic average or root mean square average computation, obtain the polarization mode dispersion of testing fiber.
Third aspect present invention proposes a kind of method that in chromatic dispersion test of optical fiber polarization, reduces uncertainty; Between the input and chromatic dispersion test of optical fiber polarization appearance transmitter of testing fiber, all add the polarization scrambling controller between the output of testing fiber and the chromatic dispersion test of optical fiber polarization instrument receiver; And utilize the chromatic dispersion test of optical fiber polarization appearance to measure, said method also comprises:
A, in optic fiber polarization mould dispersion is repeatedly measured this polarization scrambling controller of control, make repeatedly measure in injection fibre light detecting signal polarization state and the polarization state that outputs to the chromatic dispersion test of optical fiber polarization instrument receiver respectively on the polarization state poincare sphere for evenly distributing;
B, the combined situation of each I/O polarization state is all carried out first-order polarization mode dispersion (PMD) test
C, the result type that each time test result is limited according to the concrete test philosophy of tester carry out arithmetic average or root mean square average computation, obtain the polarization mode dispersion of testing fiber.
In said method; For utilizing based on Stokes' parameter determination method, polarization state method or the test result of the tester of the fixed analysis process of weak mode coupling optical fiber carried out arithmetic average calculate, for utilizing interferometric method or the test result of the tester of the fixed analysis process of strong mode coupling optical fiber being carried out the root mean square average computation.
In said method, said polarization scrambling controller is to adopt optical fiber ring-like, the slide type or the photoelectric crystal type.
Method through the present invention proposes, just can obtain higher mean P MD measuring accuracy through simple device at the time with short.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the testing apparatus schematic diagram of the method for the invention;
Fig. 2 is the testing apparatus with Polarization Controller;
Fig. 3 is the rearmounted testing apparatus of polarization scrambling device;
Fig. 4 is the testing apparatus of dual-polarization perturbator;
Fig. 5 is the testing apparatus that adopts single-ended PMD tester.
Embodiment
Specify embodiment of the present invention below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
In the actual parameter test process, for guaranteeing stable testing property, it is stable generally to require optical fiber to put, and carries out wavelength or time average.Yet because PMD is over time for changing slowly, so only wavelength is averaged mostly.See on the presentation polarization mode dispersion in time, the variation of temperature, wavelength, placement state and change at random, produce and above-mentioned in fact these factors all are symmetric and crooked influence through fiber geometries size, strain, refraction index profile and then division of normal mould and the coupled relation thereof that has influence on light signal.Popular saying is exactly that the variation of the light signal polarization state in the optical fiber causes PMD to produce change at random.The wavelength of test PMD is on average except the PMD performance parameters that can understand this specific band; Also having a very important effect is exactly to solve the difficulty that PMD slowly changes the average test that brings in time; So be implemented in the analysis of accomplishing in the short time more polarization variations situation in the optical fiber through scanning, and then reduce the uncertainty of test data to wavelength.Yet from present measuring technology, the variation of optical fiber pigtail putting position still has very big influence to test data, and twice test data might differ more than one times.This shows only wavelength to be averaged still to be difficult to obtain high-precision test result that the polarization variations that wavelength variations produced is difficult to include the various possibilities of polarization variations in the optical fiber.Improve the measuring accuracy of mean P MD, reduce its uncertainty, just should make the polarization state variation in the optical fiber travel through the various situations of change that possibly occur as much as possible, thereby obtain mean value more accurately.Because the operation wavelength of test instrumentation restriction; And slow variation characteristic of time; So adopt the mode raising wavelength scanning range and that prolong the testing time all less feasible; And change the optical fiber placement state polarization state in the optical fiber is difficult to have controllability preferably, so the present invention proposes to realize controlled polarization state traversal with the polarization scrambling controller that the wavelength of testing in conjunction with polarization mode dispersion on average reduces the uncertainty that polarization mode dispersion is tested.
The device basic comprising of an embodiment of the method for the invention is as shown in Figure 1; Transmitting terminal at both-end PMD tester; The light polarization perturbator is linked between the transmitter and testing fiber input of tester; With the polarization scrambling device stable polarised light detectable signal is revised its polarization state before each PMD test, make that the polarization state of each test injection fibre is all different.Thereby reach the polarization state that light detecting signal is exported in control through control polarization scrambling device, the feasible polarization state of repeatedly measuring the light detecting signal of injection fibre is evenly to distribute on the polarization state poincare sphere.The result type that the PMD value that will under each input polarization, measure is limited according to the concrete test philosophy of tester carries out arithmetic average or root mean square average computation.Wherein, Measured polarization mode dispersion is mean P MD with Stokes' parameter determination method, polarization state method and to the fixed analysis process of weak mode coupling optical fiber; So undertaken by said method under the prerequisite that PMD measures, measurement result repeatedly carried out arithmetic average calculate.And because measured polarization mode dispersion is root mean square PMD with interferometric method and to the fixed analysis process of strong mode coupling optical fiber,, measurement result is repeatedly carried out the root mean square average computation so there is being said method to carry out under the prerequisite that PMD measures.This method makes the polarization state of the light detecting signal repeatedly measured on poincare sphere, evenly distribute through control, and measurement result is repeatedly averaged computing, thereby obtains the PMD data of lower test uncertainty.
Existing polarization mode dispersion tester is divided into single-ended and double ended type according to the position of instrument and testing fiber relation, the double ended type tester with the transmission of test signal with receive the two ends that place testing fiber respectively, be the main occupation mode of present PMD test.And the single-ended tester is only interconnected with an end of testing fiber, and its test signal is sent behind the optical fiber into through reflection or the injection end that is scattered in optical fiber and received the signal of feedback and carry out analyzing and processing.
Signal sending end at tester includes under the prerequisite of a Polarization Controller, in testing apparatus, can omit the polarization scrambling device, and is as shown in Figure 2.The signal state of polarization that directly through Polarization Controller each time measurement is injected in the optical fiber is evenly distribution on the polarization state poincare sphere.The result type that then each time test result is limited according to the concrete test philosophy of tester carries out arithmetic average or root mean square average computation.
Place signal sending end to make control not too at one's leisure at the polarization scrambling device, also can be the polarization scrambling device is rearmounted, as shown in Figure 3.Make the output signal of testing fiber be input to the polarization scrambling device earlier and carry out polarization scrambling, and then be injected into the receiver input port of PMD tester.
If need further to reduce the uncertainty of test data, can also adopt the configuration of dual-polarization perturbator, as shown in Figure 4.Between the interface of the input of testing fiber and output and tester, respectively insert a polarization scrambling device.Constitute the optical fiber input polarization with polarizer polarization axle in the PMD tester transmitter and transmitting terminal polarization scrambling device, the inclined to one side device polarization axle of testing in receiving terminal polarization scrambling device and the PMD tester receiver constitutes optical fiber output polarization attitude.Method of testing has two kinds; Method one is that three kinds of input polarizations are set; Make them mutually orthogonal on the polarization state poincare sphere, and each corresponding three output polarization attitude of each input polarization, these three output polarization attitudes are mutually orthogonal on the polarization state poincare sphere; Promptly test 9 data altogether, the result type that is limited according to the concrete test philosophy of tester then carries out arithmetic average or root mean square average computation; Another kind method then is that input polarization and output polarization attitude are evenly distributed on the polarization state poincare sphere respectively, then the PMD that is surveyed under all input and output polarization state combined situation is carried out arithmetic average or root mean square average.
If the PMD tester is single-ended type, then only need a polarization scrambling device, as shown in Figure 5.Method of testing only need be controlled the polarization scrambling device gets final product signal state of polarization even distribution the on the polarization state poincare sphere that is injected in the optical fiber, and the result type that then the PMD test data under all polarization states is limited according to the concrete test philosophy of tester carries out arithmetic average or root mean square average computation.
In the above-mentioned various test method polarization scrambling device can adopt optical fiber ring-like, the slide type, also can be the polarization scrambling controller photoelectric crystal type or other type.
The above is merely preferred embodiment of the present invention, is not limited to the present invention, all any modifications of within the present invention spirit and principle, being made, is equal to and replaces and improvement etc., all is contained within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. method that in chromatic dispersion test of optical fiber polarization, reduces uncertainty; Between the input and chromatic dispersion test of optical fiber polarization appearance transmitter of testing fiber, all add the polarization scrambling controller between the output of testing fiber and the chromatic dispersion test of optical fiber polarization instrument receiver; And utilize the chromatic dispersion test of optical fiber polarization appearance to measure, said method also comprises:
A, constitute the optical fiber input polarization, test inclined to one side device polarization axle formation optical fiber output polarization attitude in receiving terminal polarization scrambling device and the PMD tester receiver with the polarizer polarization axle in the PMD tester transmitter and transmitting terminal polarization scrambling device,
This polarization scrambling controller of control in repeatedly optic fiber polarization mould dispersion is measured makes input polarization and output polarization attitude on the polarization state poincare sphere, be evenly distribution respectively, perhaps;
This polarization scrambling controller of control in repeatedly optic fiber polarization mould dispersion is measured; Three kinds of input polarizations are set; Make them mutually orthogonal on the polarization state poincare sphere; And each corresponding three output polarization attitude of each input polarization are arranged so that three output polarization attitudes are mutually orthogonal on the polarization state poincare sphere;
B, the combined situation of each I/O polarization state is all carried out first-order polarization mode dispersion (PMD) test;
C, the result type that each time test result is limited according to the concrete test philosophy of tester carry out arithmetic average or root mean square average computation, obtain the polarization mode dispersion of testing fiber.
2. the method for claim 1; It is characterized in that: for utilizing based on Stokes' parameter determination method, polarization state method or the test result of the tester of the fixed analysis process of weak mode coupling optical fiber is carried out arithmetic average calculate, for utilizing interferometric method or the test result of the tester of the fixed analysis process of strong mode coupling optical fiber being carried out the root mean square average computation.
3. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that: said polarization scrambling controller is to adopt optical fiber ring-like, the slide type or the photoelectric crystal type.
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| CN103957050B (en) * | 2014-04-23 | 2017-01-18 | 武汉虹拓新技术有限责任公司 | Dual-Sagnac loop chromatic dispersion measuring device and method |
| CN106921432B (en) * | 2015-12-28 | 2019-05-24 | 华为技术有限公司 | A kind of method and device monitoring polarization mode dispersion |
| CN108760319B (en) * | 2018-04-23 | 2024-06-04 | 无锡鑫盛换热器科技股份有限公司 | Flow-adjustable heat exchanger |
| CN111277328B (en) * | 2020-02-20 | 2021-02-12 | 电子科技大学 | System and method for measuring group velocity dispersion in optical waveguide |
| CN112729541A (en) * | 2020-12-25 | 2021-04-30 | 杭州初灵信息技术股份有限公司 | WDM-based optical power detection matrix method in OTN |
| CN114112313B (en) * | 2021-12-02 | 2024-04-19 | 中国电子科技集团公司第四十六研究所 | Single polarization optical fiber transmission performance testing device and testing method |
| CN117193261B (en) * | 2023-10-13 | 2024-04-02 | 华南师范大学 | Polarization controller performance test method, system and device |
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| CN1196793A (en) * | 1995-05-19 | 1998-10-21 | 阿尔卡特尔电信电缆公司 | Method for measuring high resolution ration of very low PMD in single optical fibre and calibration method for PMD measuring instrument |
| CN1346436A (en) * | 1999-03-31 | 2002-04-24 | 康宁股份有限公司 | System and method for measuring polarization mode dispersion in production |
| CN1488932A (en) * | 2002-09-05 | 2004-04-14 | ���Ͽع�����˾ | Polarized optical-wave reflection analysing method |
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