CN101324441A - Control system of Mach-Zehnder optical fiber interferometer polarization decline and phase decline - Google Patents
Control system of Mach-Zehnder optical fiber interferometer polarization decline and phase decline Download PDFInfo
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- CN101324441A CN101324441A CNA2008101172048A CN200810117204A CN101324441A CN 101324441 A CN101324441 A CN 101324441A CN A2008101172048 A CNA2008101172048 A CN A2008101172048A CN 200810117204 A CN200810117204 A CN 200810117204A CN 101324441 A CN101324441 A CN 101324441A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a polarization fading and phase fading control system of a Mach-Zehnder interferometer, which comprises a closed-loop phase fading control system consisting of a first laser (1), a polarization modulator (8), a phase controller (10), a first photodetector (3) and a digital signal processor (11), and a closed-loop polarization fading control system consisting of a second laser (2), a polarization controller (7), a phase modulator (9), a second photodetector (4) and a digital signal processor (11). The first laser (1) and the second laser (2) simultaneously output laser in an interference path through a wavelength division multiplexer (5) and a wavelength division demultiplexer (6), the comprehensive utilization of the two laser beams with different wavelengths can simultaneously eliminate polarization fading and phase fading of the Mach-Zehnder interferometer, and the wavelengths of the output laser beams of the first laser (1) and the second laser (2) are finally stabilized on an arbitrary wave crest or in the trough position of an interference light power spectrum.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to optical fiber communication and sensory field of optic fibre, especially be adapted to the long-distance optical fiber sensing field.
Background technology
Mach-Zehnder optical fiber interferometer is widely used in Interleaver technology and optical fiber sensing technology, and Mach-Zehnder optical fiber interferometer has two light paths: interfere arm and reference arm.The coherent light that light source sends enters two arms respectively from Mach-Zehnder optical fiber interferometer one end, and from the relevant coupling output of the other end, owing to have certain length difference between two arms, make the coherent light in two arms have phase differential, under the situation that the relevant polarization state of light of two-way does not change, there are following relationship in Output optical power and wavelength:
P wherein
0Expression interferometer input optical power, n represents the effective refractive index of employed single-mode fiber, and Δ L represents that two are interfered the length difference between the arm, and λ represents the wavelength of light wave.Coherent light for same wavelength, Output optical power can change along with the variation of length difference, therefore to the disturbance of one of them arm of double light path fibre optic interferometer, can change the phase differential of two bundle coherent lights, thereby can change Output optical power, by the monitoring to Output optical power, we can know the variation of Mach-Zehnder optical fiber interferometer surrounding environment, the ultimate principle of Here it is Mach-Zehnder optical fiber sensor.For the coherent light of different wave length, if the length difference between two arms does not change P
OutAC compounent will be the cosine function of f=c/ λ, the ultimate principle of Here it is Interleaver.
Yet in actual applications, because Mach-Zehnder optical fiber interferometer has high susceptibility to surrounding environment, extraneous factors such as very small temperature variation or vibration, the capital interferes the length difference between the arm to exert an influence to two, thereby change the output of luminous power, produce phase fading, and the meeting that influences of this phase fading increases along with the increase of interferometer distance.In the Mach-Zehnder optical fiber sensor of long distance, factor---the polarization decay that exists the another one limiting sensor to use.Extraneous stress will inevitably make optical fiber generation fibre-optical bending and reverse in the light path system of long distance, this will cause the variation of laser polarization state in the optical fiber, and the skewness of environmental factor such as optical fiber environment temperature also can cause the variation of optical polarization in the optical fiber in addition.
The traditional approach of resisting these two kinds of declines is to come these two kinds of declines of manual adjustment by introducing Polarization Controller or phase controller, but this is adapted to short distance optical interference circuit and changes in environmental conditions slowly under the condition, and the work of the interferometer of having to temporarily stop in the process of adjusting.In the fiber optic interferometric system of long distance, external environment factor complexity, and change comparatively fast, want the phase place and the polarization state of stable fiber interference system, must adopt the two-forty real-time control system.
Summary of the invention
Technical matters to be solved by this invention is Mach-Zehnder optical fiber interferometer polarization decline and phase fading problem, and a kind of Mach-Zehnder optical fiber interferometer polarization decline and phase fading control system are provided.
An output terminal of shunt is connected with an end of phase-modulator by general single mode fiber, and the other end of phase-modulator is connected with an input end of combiner by general single mode fiber; Another output terminal of shunt is connected with an end of phase controller by general single mode fiber, and the other end of phase controller is connected with another input end of combiner by general single mode fiber; Shunt, combiner, phase-modulator, phase controller and general single mode fiber constitute Mach-Zehnder optical fiber interferometer; General single mode fiber and phase-modulator constitute reference arm; General single mode fiber and phase controller constitute interferes arm;
The output terminal of combiner is connected with the Wave decomposing multiplexer input end fiber, and two output terminals of Wave decomposing multiplexer connect first photodetector and second photodetector with optical fiber respectively;
The shunt input end is connected with wavelength division multiplexer output terminal optical fiber, and input end of wavelength division multiplexer is connected with first laser fiber through light polarization modulator; Another input end of wavelength division multiplexer is connected with second laser fiber through Polarization Controller;
First photodetector and second photodetector are connect the first mould/number conversion input port and the second mould/number conversion input port of digital signal processor respectively by electrical signal line;
Polarization Controller and light polarization modulator respectively with the first and second D/A switch output ports of digital signal processor, electrical signal line connects; Phase-modulator and phase controller are connected the third and fourth D/A switch output port of digital signal processor respectively by electrical signal line;
First laser instrument, light polarization modulator, phase controller, first photodetector and digital signal processor are formed closed loop phase fading control system, and second laser instrument, Polarization Controller, phase-modulator, second photodetector and digital signal processor are formed closed loop polarization decay control system.
The course of work of this system is as follows:
At first, by light polarization modulator, the phase drift of phase controller and digital signal processor adjustment and control Mach-Zehnder optical fiber interferometer, and make the laser instrument output Wavelength of Laser of winning be in the some troughs or the crest location of Mach-Zehnder optical fiber interferometer.Light polarization modulator sends the modulation signal of a certain frequency and modulates the polarization state that first laser instrument is exported laser, this modulation signal will make the laser of first laser instrument that Mach-Zehnder optical fiber interferometer is exported contain the signal of same frequency, this laser enters first photodetector through Wave decomposing multiplexer, digital signal processor to first photodetector monitor luminous power carry out digital filtering and extract the signal that light polarization modulator sends frequency, and judge the amplitude of this signal, digital signal processor is controlled the phase differential of Mach-Zehnder optical fiber interferometer two arms according to the big or small FEEDBACK CONTROL phase controller of amplitude, makes the amplitude that monitors reach maximum or minimum.Through said process, some troughs of Mach-Zehnder optical fiber interferometer output light or crest location will be stabilized in first laser instrument output Wavelength of Laser place.
Simultaneously, by phase-modulator, the polarization state of Polarization Controller and digital signal processor adjustment and control Mach-Zehnder optical fiber interferometer changes, and makes second laser instrument output Wavelength of Laser be in the some troughs or the crest location of Mach-Zehnder optical fiber interferometer.The modulation signal that phase-modulator sends a certain frequency is modulated the phase differential of Mach-Zehnder optical fiber interferometer two arms, this modulation signal will make the laser of second laser instrument that Mach-Zehnder optical fiber interferometer is exported contain the signal of same frequency, this laser enters second photodetector through Wave decomposing multiplexer, the luminous power that digital signal processor monitors second photodetector is carried out the signal that digital filtering extracts the modulating frequency that phase-modulator sends, and judge the amplitude of this signal, digital signal processor is controlled the polarization state of Mach-Zehnder optical fiber interferometer two arms according to the big or small FEEDBACK CONTROL Polarization Controller of amplitude, make the amplitude that monitors reach maximum, through said process, some troughs of Mach-Zehnder optical fiber interferometer output light or crest location will be stabilized in second laser instrument output Wavelength of Laser place.
Meanwhile, after digital signal processor receives the laser of second laser instrument of the Mach-Zehnder optical fiber interferometer output that second photodetector monitors, the signal of the modulating frequency that the filtering phase-modulator sends monitors the Mach-Zehnder optical fiber interferometer two arm phase places that external disturbance causes or the change of polarization state the most at last.
Phase-modulator sends the operating frequency range that modulating frequency should be sent modulating frequency and Mach-Zehnder optical fiber interferometer away from light polarization modulator.
The present invention compares the beneficial effect that is had with prior art:
First laser instrument output laser is applied to the control of phase fading, and second laser instrument output laser is applied to the control of polarization decay, and the two works alone in Mach-Zehnder optical fiber interferometer, can not influence each other.Finally, first laser instrument output Wavelength of Laser and second laser instrument output Wavelength of Laser will be in the trough or the crest location of Mach-Zehnder optical fiber interferometer respectively, and the delustring specific energy reaches more than 20dB～40dB, so this system can effectively reduce Mach-Zehnder optical fiber interferometer phase fading and polarization decay problem in actual use.
Description of drawings
Decline of Fig. 1 Mach-Zehnder optical fiber interferometer polarization and phase fading control system schematic diagram.
Decline of Fig. 2 Mach-Zehnder optical fiber interferometer polarization and phase fading control system design sketch.
Embodiment
Embodiment one
Select the device of following parameters:
First laser instrument 1: operation wavelength is 980nm;
Second laser instrument 2: operation wavelength is 1550nm;
Wavelength division multiplexer 5:980/1550nm;
Wave decomposing multiplexer 6:980/1550nm;
Phase controller 9 and phase-modulator 10:PZ1-STD-FC/PC;
Digital signal processor 11:TMS320C6202 chip;
General single mode fiber 15～18: length is 5m;
Mach-Zehnder optical fiber interferometer polarization decline and phase fading control system,, constitute the connection of this system:
An output terminal of shunt 12 is connected with an end of phase-modulator 9 by general single mode fiber 15, and the other end of phase-modulator 9 is connected with an end of combiner 13 by general single mode fiber 16; Another output terminal of shunt 12 is connected with an end of phase controller 10 by general single mode fiber 17, and the other end of phase controller 10 is connected with an end of combiner 13 by general single mode fiber 18; Shunt 12, combiner 13, phase-modulator 9 and phase controller 10 and general single mode fiber 15～18 constitute Mach-Zehnder optical fiber interferometer; General single mode fiber 15, phase-modulator 9 and constitute reference arms by general single mode fiber 16; General single mode fiber 17, phase controller 10 and general single mode fiber 18 constitute interferes arm.
The output terminal of combiner 13 is connected with Wave decomposing multiplexer 6 input end fiber, and 6 two output terminals of Wave decomposing multiplexer connect first photodetector 3 and second photodetector 4 with optical fiber respectively;
Shunt 12 input ends are connected with wavelength division multiplexer 5 output terminal optical fiber, and 5 one input ends of wavelength division multiplexer are connected with first laser instrument, 1 optical fiber through light polarization modulator 8; Wavelength division multiplexer 5 another input ends are connected with second laser instrument, 2 optical fiber through Polarization Controller 7;
Embodiment two
Mach-Zehnder optical fiber interferometer polarization decline and phase fading control system, the connection that constitutes this system is identical with embodiment one, only the parameter difference of following device:
First laser instrument 1: operation wavelength is 1550nm;
Second laser instrument 2: operation wavelength is 1310nm;
Wavelength division multiplexer 5:1310/1550nm;
Wave decomposing multiplexer 6:1310/1550nm;
General single mode fiber 15～18: length is 500m.
Using working range among the present invention is 100GHz as the wavelength division multiplexer 5 of 980nm～1570nm and the minimum frequency space of Wave decomposing multiplexer 6, the first laser instruments, 1 output laser and second laser instrument, 2 output laser, all can realize beneficial effect of the present invention.
As seen from Figure 2, first laser instrument output Wavelength of Laser and second laser instrument output Wavelength of Laser will be in any trough or the crest location of Mach-Zehnder optical fiber interferometer respectively, and polarization decay and phase fading are effectively controlled.
Claims (4)
1. a Mach-Zehnder optical fiber interferometer polarization declines and the phase fading control system, it is characterized in that:
An output terminal of shunt (12) is connected with an end of phase-modulator (9) by general single mode fiber (15), and the other end of phase-modulator (9) is connected with an input end of combiner (13) by general single mode fiber (16); Another output terminal of shunt (12) is connected with an end of phase controller (10) by general single mode fiber (17), and the other end of phase controller (10) is connected with another input end of combiner (13) by general single mode fiber (18); Shunt (12), combiner (13), phase-modulator (9), phase controller (10) and general single mode fiber (15～18) constitute Mach-Zehnder optical fiber interferometer; General single mode fiber (15), phase-modulator (9) and general single mode fiber (16) constitute reference arm; General single mode fiber (17), phase controller (10) and general single mode fiber (18) constitute interferes arm;
The output terminal of combiner (13) is connected with Wave decomposing multiplexer (6) input end fiber, and (6) two output terminals of Wave decomposing multiplexer connect first photodetector (3) and second photodetector (4) with optical fiber respectively;
Shunt (12) output terminal is connected with wavelength division multiplexer (5) output terminal optical fiber, and (5) input ends of wavelength division multiplexer are connected with first laser instrument (1) optical fiber through light polarization modulator (8); Another input end of wavelength division multiplexer (5) is connected with second laser instrument (2) optical fiber through Polarization Controller (7);
First photodetector (3) and second photodetector (4) are connect the first mould/number conversion input port (AD1) and the second mould/number conversion input port (AD2) of digital signal processor (11) respectively by electrical signal line;
Polarization Controller (7) and light polarization modulator (8) respectively with the first and second D/A switch output ports of digital signal processor (11) (DA1, DA2) electrical signal line connects; Phase-modulator (9) and phase controller (10) are connected the third and fourth D/A switch output port (DA3, DA4) of digital signal processor (11) respectively by electrical signal line;
First laser instrument (1), light polarization modulator (8), phase controller (10), first photodetector (3) and digital signal processor (11) are formed closed loop phase fading control system, and second laser instrument (2), Polarization Controller (7), phase-modulator (9), second photodetector (4) and digital signal processor (11) are formed closed loop polarization decay control system.
2. a kind of Mach-Zehnder optical fiber interferometer polarization decline according to claim 1 and phase fading control system it is characterized in that first laser instrument (1) and second laser instrument (2) are continuous monochromatic light laser instrument, and the optical maser wavelength of output are unequal.
3. a kind of Mach-Zehnder optical fiber interferometer polarization decline according to claim 1 and phase fading control system, it is characterized in that, the shunt (12) of Mach-Zehnder optical fiber interferometer (14) is a broadband splitter, and the combiner (13) of Mach-Zehnder optical fiber interferometer (14) is the broadband combiner.
4. a kind of Mach-Zehnder optical fiber interferometer polarization decline according to claim 1 and phase fading control system, it is characterized in that, the wavelength of wavelength division multiplexer (5) two input ports is respectively first laser instrument (1) and second laser instrument (2) output Wavelength of Laser, and the wavelength of Wave decomposing multiplexer (6) two output ports is respectively first laser instrument (1) and second laser instrument (2) output Wavelength of Laser.
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| CN101963516A (en) * | 2010-09-20 | 2011-02-02 | 南京大学 | Polarization-sensitive distributed perturbation sensing and measuring method and system |
| CN101526374B (en) * | 2009-02-13 | 2011-06-08 | 上海大学 | Full optical-fiber Mach-Zehnder interferometer of polarization fading and polarization phase-position noise resistance |
| CN102997048A (en) * | 2011-09-14 | 2013-03-27 | 中国石油天然气集团公司 | Method and system for resisting phase fading of natural gas pipe leakage optical fiber detecting system |
| CN103792847A (en) * | 2014-02-19 | 2014-05-14 | 南京昕天卫光电科技有限公司 | Optical fiber disturbance polarization control device based on particle swarm optimization |
| CN102575971B (en) * | 2009-09-07 | 2015-05-27 | 独立行政法人情报通信研究机构 | Method for evaluating characteristic of optical modulator having mach-zehnder interferometer |
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Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4932783A (en) * | 1989-07-21 | 1990-06-12 | United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Apparatus and method for minimizing polarization-induced signal fading in an interferometric fiber-optic sensor using input-polarization modulation |
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| CN102575971B (en) * | 2009-09-07 | 2015-05-27 | 独立行政法人情报通信研究机构 | Method for evaluating characteristic of optical modulator having mach-zehnder interferometer |
| CN101963516A (en) * | 2010-09-20 | 2011-02-02 | 南京大学 | Polarization-sensitive distributed perturbation sensing and measuring method and system |
| CN101963516B (en) * | 2010-09-20 | 2012-06-27 | 南京大学 | Polarization-sensitive distributed perturbation sensing and measuring method and system |
| CN102997048A (en) * | 2011-09-14 | 2013-03-27 | 中国石油天然气集团公司 | Method and system for resisting phase fading of natural gas pipe leakage optical fiber detecting system |
| CN103792847A (en) * | 2014-02-19 | 2014-05-14 | 南京昕天卫光电科技有限公司 | Optical fiber disturbance polarization control device based on particle swarm optimization |
| CN105737867A (en) * | 2016-03-31 | 2016-07-06 | 深圳市太阳讯传感科技有限公司 | SNR (signal to noise ratio) control device and method for optical fiber perimeter safety protection system |
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