CN101320061A - Automatic measuring system of antenna phase center - Google Patents
Automatic measuring system of antenna phase center Download PDFInfo
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- CN101320061A CN101320061A CNA2008101503996A CN200810150399A CN101320061A CN 101320061 A CN101320061 A CN 101320061A CN A2008101503996 A CNA2008101503996 A CN A2008101503996A CN 200810150399 A CN200810150399 A CN 200810150399A CN 101320061 A CN101320061 A CN 101320061A
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Abstract
The invention discloses an automatic measuring system in the center of an antenna phase, which comprises an antenna receiving rotary table subsystem, an emission polarizer subsystem, an emission and reception subsystem, a servo drive digital display subsystem and a computer subsystem. The antenna receiving rotary table subsystem and the emission polarizer subsystem are both connected with the emission and reception subsystem, the servo drive digital display subsystem and the computer subsystem; wherein, the antenna receiving rotary table subsystem consists of a direction rotary table (1), a two-dimensional translation device (2), a bracket (3) and an antenna polarizer (4). The two-dimensional translation device (2) is positioned between the direction rotary table (1) and the antenna polarizer (4) and used for automatically adjusting the positions of an antenna and the rotating axis of the direction rotary table, thereby making the phase center of the antenna near the axle center of the rotary table and ensuring the stable positions of the rotating axis of the direction rotary table and the rotating axis of the antenna polarizer when the direction rotary table is rotating. The automatic measuring system provided by the invention has the advantage of high measuring automation and can be used to accurately mark the phase centers of antennas.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of measuring technique, be specifically related to the measurement of antenna phase center, can be used for antenna phase center is accurately located.
Background technology
Development along with communication, radar, artificial satellite and aerospace flight technology, tracking, setting accuracy to antenna require more and more higher, the amplitude wave beam of depending merely on is searched for the location and can not be met the demands, must be that benchmark is accurately located or measured with the phase center of antenna.And the phase center problem of antenna use, form in its phase measurement wave beam detect receive use, as interferometer array unit and all very important as all many-sides such as feed use of parabola antenna.So-called antenna phase center is exactly the equivalent radiation center of antenna.Concerning most antennas, may there be so definite phase center, but many antennas can find such reference point, make that the phase place of radiation field keeps constant relatively in a certain scope of main lobe, then this reference point just is called as " apparent phase center ".When GPS and radar fix, measurement, navigation, be benchmark often with the apparent phase center, but during operation, the installation of antenna but is to be benchmark with the geometric center, will produce the error of geometric center and apparent phase center like this, and this error will inevitably be brought harmful effect to practical application, therefore must accurately demarcate antenna phase center.
At present, mainly contain following several research about how making things convenient for, accurately demarcating antenna phase center: 1. people such as American scholar Schupler 1994 delivers the paper of " Signal characteristics of GPS user antennas " at Journal of The Institute of Navigation magazine, proposes to carry out in microwave dark room the method that antenna phase center is demarcated first.But this scaling method needs continuous manual adjustment aerial position, not only to waste time and energy relatively till the symmetry up to the phase center directional diagram, and not easy to operate, and calibration error is big.
2. " the phase center method of testing of introducing on " antenna measurement technology " books of the prosperous commonplace professor's work of antenna measurement handbook and Chengdu University of Electronic Science and Technology woods of people such as professor Mao Naihong of Xian Electronics Science and Technology University work.These methods need be adjusted aerial position by artificial continuous observation equally, and calibration error is big.
3.2002 year American scholar A.Prata delivers the scaling method that the paper of " Misalignedantenna phase-center determination using measured phase patterns " proposes another kind of antenna phase center at IPN Progress Report, this method has been set up the functional relation of phase pattern measurement with the phase center deviation, utilizes the solving equation group to find the solution the phase center deviation.But this method has certain limitation, only is suitable for existing the antenna calibration of determining phase center.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to solve existing the demarcate continuous manual adjustment aerial position of method needs of antenna phase center, artificial observation judgement, waste time and energy, not easy to operate and problem that calibration error is big, a kind of antenna phase center automatic measurement system has been proposed, to realize precise calibration to antenna.
For achieving the above object, antenna phase center automatic measurement system provided by the invention is a core with the computing machine, and control has the multiple peripherals of corresponding function, by to data collection, analysis and processing, finishes the measuring task of antenna phase center automatically.Total system comprises: antenna receives turntable subsystem, emission polarizer subsystem, emission receiving subsystem, servo driving digital display subsystem and computer subsystem.Antenna receives the turntable subsystem and is connected with servo driving digital display subsystem with the emission receiving subsystem respectively, emission polarizer subsystem is connected with servo driving digital display subsystem with the emission receiving subsystem respectively, and computer subsystem is connected with emission receiving subsystem, servo driving digital display subsystem respectively.Wherein, antenna receives the turntable subsystem and is made up of azimuth rotating platform, two-dimensional translation device, support and antenna polarization device, this two-dimensional translation device is fixed on the azimuth rotating platform, and be connected with the antenna polarization device by support, be used for regulating automatically the position of antenna and azimuth rotating platform rotating shaft, make the turning axle axle center of the phase center of tested antenna and turntable approaching, and guarantee that the position between the azimuth rotating platform rotating shaft and the rotating shaft of antenna polarization device is relatively stable when azimuth rotating platform rotates.
Above-mentioned automatic measurement system, wherein said two-dimensional translation device comprises upper slide, sliding panel and lower slider, and upper slide is connected with sliding panel by first slide guiding body, and sliding panel is connected with lower slider by second slide guiding body.
Above-mentioned automatic measurement system, being located between horizontal gear train and the vertical gear train of wherein said sliding panel, laterally along laterally moving, vertically gear train drive sliding panel is along the longitudinal movement on second slide guiding body gear train drive upper slide on first slide guiding body.
Above-mentioned automatic measurement system, wherein said horizontal gear train and vertically be respectively equipped with horizontal null-setting device on the gear train and vertical null-setting device is with respectively as the mobile reference position of upper slide and sliding panel; Laterally the two ends of gear train are equipped with the cross spacing device, and vertically the two ends of gear train are equipped with the longitudinal spacing device, to limit the shift position of upper slide and sliding panel.
Above-mentioned automatic measurement system, wherein said horizontal gear train and vertical gear train are regulated the two-dimensional translation device along horizontal and vertical amount of movement automatically respectively by servo driving digital display subsystem controls.
Above-mentioned automatic measurement system, wherein said cross spacing device and longitudinal spacing device adopt the spacing and mechanical position limitation two-stage position limiting structure of switch, with the security that guarantees that the two-dimensional translation device moves.
Above-mentioned automatic measurement system, wherein said computer subsystem comprises: control computer, digital display control card, GPIB card, multiaxis control card able to programme and control and data processing software, described these control cards are inserted in the interface slot of control computer, finish the positional information of real-time each kinematic axis of demonstration respectively, to the emission setting of receiving subsystem and control, to the position control of each kinematic axis; Described control and data processing software bag are installed on the control computer, finish under the test mode each drive controlling of tested antenna and reference antenna, and are stuck under the test mode collection and storage to amplitude, phase information by GPIB.
The present invention tests and calculates the technical scheme of phase center deviation again owing to adopt the reference point of adjusting tested antenna by computer controlled automatic, has overcome the manual adjustment aerial position and has judged the problem of its measurement result accuracy difference with artificial the observation; Simultaneously owing to adopt the two-dimensional translation device can regulate the position of antenna and azimuth rotating platform rotating shaft automatically, make the turning axle axle center of the phase center of tested antenna and turntable approaching, and guarantee that the position between the azimuth rotating platform rotating shaft and the rotating shaft of antenna polarization device is relatively stable when azimuth rotating platform rotates; Because stop means adopts the two-stage position limiting structure, can guarantee the security that the two-dimensional translation device moves in addition.
Test result and error analysis show: the model approximation error that the antenna installation deviation is introduced is a main error source, automatic measurement system of the present invention is by 2-3 moving reference point, just can reduce this error, obtain higher phase center measuring accuracy, its measured result is better than 1mm.This automatic measurement system not only can accurately be measured the antenna phase center position deviation, and measuring process sequencing, robotization, does not need manual operation.
Feature of the present invention and effect can further specify by the following drawings and example.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the block diagram of system of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is that antenna of the present invention receives turntable subsystem structure synoptic diagram;
Fig. 3 is that antenna of the present invention receives the two-dimensional translation device plan structure synoptic diagram in the turntable subsystem;
Fig. 4 is experiment test of the present invention antenna phase center once figure as a result;
Fig. 5 is the antenna phase center figure as a result of experiment test secondary of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is the antenna phase center figure as a result of experiment test of the present invention three times.
Embodiment
With reference to Fig. 1, Auto-Test System of the present invention comprises that mainly antenna receives turntable subsystem, emission polarizer subsystem, emission receiving subsystem, servo driving digital display subsystem and five parts of computer subsystem.Wherein:
Described antenna receives the turntable subsystem, as Fig. 2 and Fig. 3.It is one of critical component of measuring system, and its effect is that antenna to be measured is installed, and accurately changes the machinery of antenna in the space and points to, and adjusts the relative position of antenna and rotating shaft, so that determine the phase center of antenna accurately.Mainly form by azimuth rotating platform 1, two-dimensional translation device 2, support 3 and antenna polarization device 4, this two-dimensional translation device 2 is positioned on the azimuth rotating platform 1, and be connected with antenna polarization device 4 by support 3, be used for regulating automatically the position of antenna and azimuth rotating platform rotating shaft, make the turning axle axle center of the phase center of tested antenna and turntable approaching, and guarantee that the position between the azimuth rotating platform rotating shaft and the rotating shaft of antenna polarization device is relatively stable when azimuth rotating platform rotates.Support 3 adopts hollow nonmetal pipe bonded structure, and reducing electromagnetic reflection, and cylindrical uses in order to detecting the check and correction rotation center through finishing.This azimuth rotating platform 1, antenna polarization device 4 and two-dimensional translation device 2 are by computer controlled automatic.In test, be to guarantee that the turning axle of antenna phase center and azimuth rotating platform 1 overlaps, when two-dimensional translation device 2 is in 0 point, promptly during reference point, antenna polarization device ring flange end face is answered offset orientation rotating shaft 100mm ± 0.1mm.For preventing the winding of high frequency and umbilical cable, collector ring and high frequency rotary joint (not drawing among the figure) are housed on azimuth rotating platform 1, high frequency rotary joint 16 also is installed on antenna polarization device 4.Two-dimensional translation device 2 comprises upper slide 5, sliding panel 6 and lower slider 7, and upper slide 5 is connected with sliding panel 6 by first slide guiding body 8, and sliding panel 6 is connected with lower slider 7 by second slide guiding body 9.Be respectively equipped with horizontal gear train 10 and vertical gear train 11 on the above and below of sliding panel 6, laterally gear train 10 is moved along horizontal on first slide guiding body 8 by cross motor 18 driving upper slides 5, and vertically gear train 11 is along the longitudinal movement on second slide guiding body 9 by vertical motor 19 driving sliding panels 6.Have fixed orifice 17 on the upper slide 5 in order to connect support 3.Horizontal gear train 10 and vertically be respectively equipped with horizontal null-setting device 14 on the gear train 11 and vertical null-setting device 15 is with respectively as the mobile reference position of upper slide 5 and sliding panel 6; Laterally the two ends of gear train 10 are equipped with cross spacing device 12, and vertically the two ends of gear train 11 are equipped with longitudinal spacing device 13, to limit the shift position of upper slide 5 and sliding panel 6.This cross spacing device 12 and longitudinal spacing device 13 adopt the spacing and mechanical position limitation two-stage position limiting structure of switch, with the security that guarantees that two-dimensional translation device 2 moves.This horizontal gear train 10 and vertical gear train 11 are regulated two-dimensional translation device 2 along horizontal and vertical amount of movement automatically respectively by servo driving digital display subsystem controls.
Described emission polarizer subsystem is used to set up emitting antenna, changes the emitting antenna polarization by computer program-control, by the height of manual adjustment emitting antenna.Emission polarizer subsystem is made up of antenna emission polarizer and emission crane two parts.The emission crane is used for supporting emission polarizer and emitting antenna, and can manually adjust the height of emitting antenna; On the emission polarizer source antenna is installed, and is changed this emitting antenna polarization, twine, on the emission polarizer high frequency rotary joint is housed for preventing high frequency cable by computer program-control.
Described emission receiving subsystem is used to produce the high-frequency test signal, is used to treat the demonstration of the amplitude of the field intensity that the observation line receives and phase information and reads.The emission receiving subsystem is made up of high performance signal transmitting and receiving parts-vector network analyzer, high frequency cable and high frequency connector assembly.High frequency cable is connected with source antenna with antenna to be measured respectively by input, the output port of vector network analysis, and the high frequency connector assembly is as the web member of vector network analyzer and high frequency cable.This vector network analyzer also possesses abundant programming instruction except having high speed, high precision characteristics, its all manually-operated function all can be controlled by the control computer program.Computing machine and its liaison are realized by the GPIB card.The various data messages of vector network analyzer are read into control computer by this GPIB card, and control computer also realizes by this GPIB card the various controls of vector network analyzer.In the sweep test process, vector network analyzer works in quick single-point pattern.All test datas are read in by the GPIB card fast by control computer, and these data become required amplitude-phase or real imaginary data form after treatment.
Described servo driving digital display subsystem is used for the driving of each position Control Shaft and the position of each kinematic axis and shows that in real time it comprises positioner and position indicator.Wherein position indicator is made up of scrambler and display; Positioner comprises servo-driver and servomotor, and servo-driver has resonance to be suppressed and control function, and servomotor is selected PANASONIC MINAS A4 series digit AC servo motor for use, but the multiple scrambler of motor adapted adapts to various users.
Described computer subsystem is the command centre of measuring system.Each kinematic axis moves according to desired trajectory under the unified command of computer subsystem, controls vector network analyzer simultaneously and samples.Computer subsystem comprises: control computer, digital display control card, GPIB card, multiaxis control card able to programme and control and data processing software, described these control cards are inserted in the interface slot of industrial control computer.Control computer shows the positional information of each kinematic axis in real time on position indicator by the digital display control card; Control computer is by GPIB card control emission receiving subsystem and finish amplitude, phase data collection; Control computer is sent out the position move by multiaxis control card able to programme to watching driving digital display subsystem, realizes showing the positional information of each kinematic axis.Control and data processing software are finished under the test mode each drive controlling of tested antenna and reference antenna, by the GPIB card to the setting of emission receiving subsystem and control and under test mode to the collection of amplitude, phase information, storage, and carry out analyzing and processing, and carry out that the result shows or the output of printing, draw to measuring the radiation characteristic obtained.
More than the annexation of five subsystems be: antenna receives the turntable subsystem and is connected with servo driving digital display subsystem with the emission receiving subsystem respectively, emission polarizer subsystem is connected with servo driving digital display subsystem with the emission receiving subsystem respectively, computer subsystem is connected with emission receiving subsystem, servo driving digital display subsystem respectively, wherein the two-dimensional translation device is connected with positioner is two-way, the emission polarizer is connected with positioner is two-way, and the emission polarizer is connected with network analyzer is unidirectional.
The whole system operation principle is: control computer outputs a control signal to servo-driver by interface, control the rotation of polaxis of orientation, polaxis and the emitting antenna of tested antenna respectively, by the control of GPIB card realization, finish the amplitude to tested antenna, the collection of phase signal simultaneously to vector network analyzer; According to the data computation phase center deviation of gathering, on display, show simultaneously.When of the deviation requirement of phase center deviation, adjust horizontal, the along slope coordinate of two-dimensional translation device automatically, to change the reference point of antenna greater than the Antenna Design phase center.Described control and data processing software adopt modular structure, and operating personnel only need to key in desired relevant parameter according to menu prompt, just can measure automatically and analytical calculation, and can obtain required high-precision measurement result fast.
Effect of the present invention can further specify by measured result.
The present invention carries out actual test to the phase center in a cross section of tested antenna, and test result is:
For the first time measure amplitude, phase pattern such as Fig. 4 a, according to amplitude, phase data, calculating the interior phase center transversal displacement of angular domain scope [60 °, 60 °] is Δ t=-6.656mm, and the vertical misalignment amount is Δ z=99.635mm, as Fig. 4 b.
By above-mentioned transversal displacement Δ t=-6.656mm, after vertical misalignment amount Δ z=99.635mm controls the two-dimensional translation device automatically and moves, measure for the second time amplitude, phase pattern such as Fig. 5 a, calculate [60 ° of angular domain scopes, 60 °] interior phase center transversal displacement is Δ t=-7.724mm, the vertical misalignment amount is Δ z=-0.558mm, as Fig. 5 b.
Press transversal displacement Δ t=-7.724mm, after vertical misalignment amount Δ z=-0.558mm controls the two-dimensional translation device automatically and moves, measure amplitude, phase pattern such as Fig. 6 a for the third time, calculating the interior phase center side-play amount of angular domain scope [60 °, 60 °] is transversal displacement Δ t=0.059mm, and the vertical misalignment amount is Δ z=-0.455mm, this deviation is less than ± 1mm, meet the deviation requirement of Antenna Design phase center, as Fig. 6 b, from Fig. 6 b as can be seen phase pattern be approximately a cophasal surface.
As final reference point, this final reference point is exactly the phase center of tested this testing section of antenna with above-mentioned position after moving three side-play amounts and adding up.
Maximum with test macro of the present invention as can be seen from measurement pattern, result of calculation as long as just can obtain measurement result preferably through three measurements.
Claims (8)
1. antenna phase center automatic measurement system, comprise: antenna receives the turntable subsystem, emission polarizer subsystem, the emission receiving subsystem, servo driving digital display subsystem and computer subsystem, antenna receives the turntable subsystem and is connected with servo driving digital display subsystem with the emission receiving subsystem respectively, emission polarizer subsystem is connected with servo driving digital display subsystem with the emission receiving subsystem respectively, computer subsystem respectively with the emission receiving subsystem, servo driving digital display subsystem connects, it is characterized in that, antenna receives the turntable subsystem and comprises azimuth rotating platform (1), two-dimensional translation device (2), support (3) and antenna polarization device (4), this two-dimensional translation device (2) is positioned on the azimuth rotating platform (1), and be connected with antenna polarization device (4) by support (3), be used for regulating automatically the position of antenna and azimuth rotating platform rotating shaft, make the turning axle axle center of the phase center of tested antenna and turntable approaching, and guarantee that the position between the azimuth rotating platform rotating shaft and the rotating shaft of antenna polarization device is relatively stable when azimuth rotating platform rotates.
2. automatic measurement system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, two-dimensional translation device (2) comprises upper slide (5), sliding panel (6) and lower slider (7), upper slide (5) is connected with sliding panel (6) by first slide guiding body (8), and sliding panel (6) is connected with lower slider (7) by second slide guiding body (9).
3. automatic measurement system according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, the above and below of sliding panel (6) is respectively equipped with horizontal gear train (10) and vertical gear train (11), laterally gear train (10) drive upper slide (5) is gone up along laterally moving at first slide guiding body (8), and vertical gear train (11) drives sliding panel (6) and is along the longitudinal movement on second slide guiding body (9).
4. automatic measurement system according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, horizontal gear train (10) and vertically be respectively equipped with horizontal null-setting device (14) and vertical null-setting device (15) on the gear train (11) is with respectively as the mobile reference position of upper slide (5) and sliding panel (6); Laterally the two ends of gear train (10) are equipped with cross spacing device (12), and vertically the two ends of gear train (11) are equipped with longitudinal spacing device (13), to limit the shift position of upper slide (5) and sliding panel (6).
5. automatic measurement system according to claim 3 is characterized in that, laterally gear train (10) and vertical gear train (11) are regulated two-dimensional translation device (2) along horizontal and vertical amount of movement automatically respectively by servo driving digital display subsystem controls.
6. automatic measurement system according to claim 4 is characterized in that cross spacing device (12) and longitudinal spacing device (13) adopt the spacing and mechanical position limitation two-stage position limiting structure of switch, with the security that guarantees that two-dimensional translation device (2) moves.
7. automatic measurement system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that computer subsystem comprises: control computer, digital display control card, GPIB card, multiaxis control card able to programme and control and data processing software, described these control cards are inserted in the interface slot of control computer, finish the positional information of real-time each kinematic axis of demonstration respectively, to the emission setting of receiving subsystem and control, to the position control of each kinematic axis; Described control and data processing software bag are installed on the control computer, finish under the test mode each drive controlling of tested antenna and reference antenna, and are stuck under the test mode collection and storage to amplitude, phase information by GPIB.
8. automatic measurement system according to claim 1 is characterized in that, support (3) adopts hollow nonmetal pipe bonded structure, to reduce electromagnetic reflection.
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| CN102866305A (en) * | 2011-07-06 | 2013-01-09 | 马泽涛 | Phase center testing method for zero electrical phase center antenna |
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