CN101317049A - Cooling system with integrated condenser and expansion valve - Google Patents

Cooling system with integrated condenser and expansion valve Download PDF

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Publication number
CN101317049A
CN101317049A CNA2006800435191A CN200680043519A CN101317049A CN 101317049 A CN101317049 A CN 101317049A CN A2006800435191 A CNA2006800435191 A CN A2006800435191A CN 200680043519 A CN200680043519 A CN 200680043519A CN 101317049 A CN101317049 A CN 101317049A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
heat exchanger
condenser
container
catch tray
cooling
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CNA2006800435191A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
L·S·安德森
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Johnson Controls Denmark ApS
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Johnson Controls Denmark ApS
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Johnson Controls Denmark ApS filed Critical Johnson Controls Denmark ApS
Publication of CN101317049A publication Critical patent/CN101317049A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25BREFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B39/00Evaporators; Condensers
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25BREFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2339/00Details of evaporators; Details of condensers
    • F25B2339/02Details of evaporators
    • F25B2339/024Evaporators with refrigerant in a vessel in which is situated a heat exchanger
    • F25B2339/0241Evaporators with refrigerant in a vessel in which is situated a heat exchanger having plate-like elements
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25BREFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2339/00Details of evaporators; Details of condensers
    • F25B2339/04Details of condensers
    • F25B2339/043Condensers made by assembling plate-like or laminated elements
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25BREFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2500/00Problems to be solved
    • F25B2500/18Optimization, e.g. high integration of refrigeration components
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25BREFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B43/00Arrangements for separating or purifying gases or liquids; Arrangements for vaporising the residuum of liquid refrigerant, e.g. by heat
    • F25B43/02Arrangements for separating or purifying gases or liquids; Arrangements for vaporising the residuum of liquid refrigerant, e.g. by heat for separating lubricants from the refrigerant

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Cooling Or The Like Of Electrical Apparatus (AREA)
  • Compressor (AREA)
  • Compression-Type Refrigeration Machines With Reversible Cycles (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention concerns a cooling system with an integrated condenser, the cooling system containing at least one compressor which via a pressure outlet may conduct a first coolant through a line to at least one condenser, from where the first coolant flows through at least one expansion valve to at least one evaporator, from where the first coolant is sucked back to the compressor via the suction line of the compressor, where the condenser and the evaporator may both be constructed as closed containers, the containers each containing at least one heat exchanger, where a second coolant flows through the heat exchanger of the evaporator, and where a cooling medium flows through the heat exchanger of the condenser, the cooling medium exchanging heat with the surroundings. The container containing the heat exchanger of the condenser may also contain means for oil separation, and the container may interact with an expansion valve. Hereby may be achieved that largely all cooling functions occurring at the same pressure level are integrated in a common pressure vessel.

Description

Cooling system with integrated condenser and expansion valve
Technical field
The present invention relates to cooling system, this cooling system comprises at least one compressor, this compressor can guide first cooling agent to arrive at least one condenser by a pipeline via pressure export, from this condenser, first cooling agent at least one expansion valve of flowing through arrives at least one evaporimeter, from this evaporimeter, first cooling agent is withdrawn into compressor by the suction line of compressor, condenser comprising condenser heat exchanger also comprises the device that is used for separating oil, wherein said container (the interact that can be associated with expansion valve, link, interact), described container respectively comprises at least one heat exchanger, second cooling agent flows through the heat exchanger of evaporimeter, cooling medium flows through the heat exchanger of condenser, and this cooling medium and surrounding environment are carried out heat exchange.
The invention still further relates to a kind of integrated condenser, this condenser can be arranged in the closed container with coolant inlet and outlet, described container comprises that design has can flow through described heat exchanger and be cooled in the outside of described closed container of the heat exchanger of cooling medium inlet and outlet, described cooling medium.
Background technology
WO 03060411 A1 has described the flooded evaporator with integrated heat exchanger, and this article discloses the evaporimeter that is arranged in the pressure vessel that accommodates flooded evaporator, this evaporimeter heat-exchangers of the plate type that agent is flooded that is configured to be cooled fully.The panel element that forms heat exchanger has such shape, promptly makes the outside of crossing container bottommost major part of these panel elements along the inwall of container.Therefore, reduced the amount of flooding the needed liquid coolant of sheetpile overlapping piece as much as possible.Be formed with a large amount of passages between the plate of heat exchanger, these passages extend upwardly to the top edge of heat exchanger in the mode of zigzag.Cooling agent is acutely boiling in heat exchanger and since the formation of bubble impel form one by heat exchanger to the upper reaches.Liquid separator can be set above heat exchanger, thereby can collect possible drop and it is back in the container, thus, the liquid cools agent content is very limited in the cooling agent that aspirates out from container.
GB 398 691 discloses a kind of cooling system with evaporimeter, and this evaporimeter comprises the heat exchanger that is shaped as pipe tunnel, and brine stream is crossed these pipe tunnels.In the outside of evaporimeter, surround this evaporimeter fully one condenser is set.This condenser comprises the heat exchanger that is formed by pipe tunnel.Pipeline in the condenser has the cooling water that flows through wherein.Between evaporimeter and condenser, be provided with heat-barrier material.Condenser and evaporimeter all have the device that is used for separating oil.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of efficient and compact liquid-cooling system, this system forms the module units that comprises all refrigerating functions.
Another object of the present invention provides a kind of integrated condenser, and wherein relevant with condenser a plurality of functions are integrated in the shared pressure vessel.
If the heat exchanger of evaporimeter and condenser all be configured to have the cooling agent of wherein flowing through, vertical passage basically, first purpose can realize so.
Thus can be so that all substantially refrigerating functions that takes place under same stress level are integrated in the shared pressure vessel.This can be realized that therefore, the container with the stress level that is approximately the existence of compressor pressure exit comprises that condensation, oil separate and expansion valve by two different pressure vessels.At vaporizer side, the pressure in the container approximates the suction pressure of compressor greatly, therefore, the integrated/combination of high-efficiency full solution type evaporimeter and liquid separator can be set.By two pressure vessels are arranged mutually comparatively near and near compressor, required pipeline connects and can reduce to minimum between the cooling unit.Therefore, can reduce the energy that is lost in the surrounding environment, cooling system itself is more cheap simultaneously.Except compressor and the possible motor that is used for the drive compression machine, system can comprise the Electronic Control and the regulating system of compressor motor being carried out the electricity adjusting.Like this, make compressor become possibility with different rotary speed workings, this rotating speed can be adjusted to adapt to actual cooling requirement.
Liquid coolant can flow through the heat exchanger in the evaporimeter, and by contacting with heat exchanger, cooling agent is heated to boiling point, thus, and the cooling agent of the gaseous state passage of upwards flowing through.The coolant gas corresponding passage in the heat exchanger of condenser of flowing through from above, coolant gas forms drop by condensation, and drop is collected in the following catch tray.Can realize that thus in evaporation and condensation, gravity is guaranteed the interior optimal flow of passage in the heat exchanger.At vaporizer side, because bubble can appear in liquid boiling.These bubbles will guarantee that cooling agent upwards flows through passage.By condensation, form drop, because this drop of gravity can move downward by passage apace so that be collected in the following catch tray.Use catch tray to have following advantage, promptly can reduce the total amount of liquid coolant, this be because catch tray can the guiding liquids cooling agent towards collector unit and away from the heat exchanger that is surrounded by gaseous coolant with possible extent.By efforts be made so that the cooling agent in the condenser reduces to minimum, total cooling agent of filling in the system can be reduced to minimum.
Integrated condenser can advantageously comprise the catch tray of the bottommost that surrounds heat exchanger basically, and this catch tray can have the volume that is used to collect liquid coolant.This integrated condenser can also comprise oil eliminator, and this integrated condenser can be associated with expansion valve.Thus, can realize that this integrated condenser can hold a plurality of other assemblies that move simultaneously under the pressure identical with main pressure in the condenser.
The heat exchanger of condenser can be associated with following catch tray, and wherein catch tray is formed for the trapped volume of liquid coolant.Thus, can realize that the cooling agent of condensation can fast and effeciently be collected in the trapped volume/collecting chamber of special configuration, thereby the total amount that is contained in the liquid coolant in the integrated condenser reduces to minimum.
The trapped volume of catch tray can comprise the float that at least one is associated with expansion valve, and the opening degree of expansion valve can be by the position adjustments of float.Thus, can realize that the trapped volume of catch tray can always be maintained at below the upper limit.In case the liquid level in the trapped volume rises, float will work, and open expansion valve.In the practice, open by a small margin thereby can produce the balance expansion valve, and liquid level always remains on same level.Any variation of system cools load all can cause the variation of liquid level, thereby automatically changes the opening degree of expansion valve.Therefore, the capacity that increases compressor owing to the bigger cooling performance of hope can cause the opening degree of expansion valve to change automatically, thereby relatively large liquid coolant flows in the evaporimeter.Like this, form a self-interacting type expansion valve, this expansion valve except float without any other moving-member.Herein, expansion valve can be integrated in the container and be arranged to and be associated with trapped volume.
In optional embodiment of the present invention, the trapped volume of catch tray can be associated with at least one liquid level sensing device that is used for the cooling agent actual liquid level of definite trapped volume, the output signal of this liquid level sensing device is used to regulate the opening degree of at least one expansion valve, thus, can realize, can use known Electronic Control expansion valve.
Top edge at catch tray, catch tray can be associated with oil eliminator, the cooling agent of gaseous state this oil eliminator of flowing through, and separated oil is directed along the inboard of container, wherein the bottom of container is used for collecting oil, and collected oil is back to compressor from the bottom of container.Thus, can realize that the oil that has mixed with coolant gas, flow out from compressor is directly separated the condensation process of cooling agent in compressor.Therefore, having avoided fully using is the independent oil eliminator of standard package in most of cooling devices.
The high-temperature gas cooling agent can be directed into catch tray below in the container, high temperature coolant gas flows around catch tray, and move up along the inclined side of catch tray, and further make progress by the top side of oil eliminator arrival heat exchanger, then the basically vertical guiding channel of coolant gas by forming in heat exchanger is downward through heat exchanger, thus, the coolant gas condensation becomes liquid coolant, and this liquid coolant is collected in the catch tray.Realize the heat exchange very efficiently between the cooling medium of the cooling agent and the heat exchanger of flowing through thus.Cross condenser in order to ensure gas-pressurized along correct path link, band longitudinally is set between catch tray and heat exchanger, thereby prevent that gas-pressurized from flowing up into heat exchanger from bottom side and condensation cooling agent adverse current.Single gas flow direction is guaranteed heat exchanger evacuation of liquid effectively, thereby makes the area of maximum possible can be used for condensation.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 illustrates the sectional view of cooling system;
Fig. 2 illustrates the sectional view of integrated condenser; And
Fig. 3 illustrates the sectional view of second embodiment.
The specific embodiment
Fig. 1 illustrates the sectional view of cooling system 2, and this cooling system 2 comprises the motor 3 of drive compression machine 4.Compressor 4 has pressure export 8, and this pressure export 8 is communicated with integrated condenser 16 by pressed gas pipeline 14.In Fig. 1, condenser 16 comprises expansion valve 18, and this expansion valve 18 is communicated with integrated evaporimeter 22 by coolant lines 19, and this integrated evaporimeter 22 is communicated with compressor 4 by suction line 10.Condenser 16 is disposed in the container 24 that comprises heat exchanger 30, and wherein said heat exchanger 30 is collected dish 46 in its bottom and surrounds, and described catch tray 46 is communicated with trapped volume 48.Trapped volume 48 holds the float 50 that is associated with expansion valve 18.Evaporimeter 22 is constructed such that also itself and other cooling package are integrated in the container 26.Container 26 comprises heat exchanger 28.The space of heat exchanger 28 tops is provided with liquid separator and demist pad or similar device can be installed as required.
Move by following mode with the cooling system shown in the sectional view 2 among Fig. 1: motor 3 drive compression machines 4, make the gaseous coolant 12 (Fig. 2) of high temperature under high pressure arrive condensers 16 from flow through pressed gas pipeline 14 of pressure export 8, wherein said pressed gas pipeline 14 part in cutaway view is invisible.Therefore, cooling agent 12 flows to container 24 under high pressure and high temperature, container 24 comprises heat exchanger 30, wherein the latter half cooling agent at container 24 flows into, cooling agent flow to the top of heat exchanger 30 on the lateral of heat exchanger 30, this heat exchanger comprises a plurality of with zigzag but mainly extend through the passage of heat exchanger 30 in a downward direction.The cooling medium heat exchanger 30 of also flowing through, with the surrounding environment heat-shift, thereby cooling agent 12 (Fig. 2) is cooled in the process that flows through heat exchanger 30, produce condensation thus, thereby form the drop that is downward through passage, described drop is collected by the following catch tray that is communicated with trapped volume 48 46.Trapped volume 48 has the float 50 that is associated with expansion valve 18, this means that the rising of liquid level automatically causes expansion valve 18 to be opened when liquid level surpasses minimum of a value.Cooling agent is flowed through behind the expansion valve 18, arrives evaporimeters 22 by coolant lines 19.Evaporimeter also is arranged in the container 26, and wherein this container 26 comprises heat exchanger 28.Heat exchanger 28 also has the main Z-shaped passage that extends in the upward direction.The amount of the cooling agent 12 in the evaporimeter 22 makes heat exchanger 28 be flooded by liquid fully.Heat exchanger 28 has second cooling agent of this heat exchanger of flowing through, and this second cooling agent is cooled by heat is discharged to cooling agent 12, so cooling agent 12 comes to life.This boiling causes the violent bubble that forms in the passage of heat exchanger 28, and these bubbles have increased the efficient of liquid communication and evaporimeter 22 by entrained liquids.Suction line 10 connects the top of evaporimeter and the suction side of compressor.
Fig. 2 illustrates the sectional view of the integrated condenser 16 that is arranged in the container 24.Container 24 comprises heat exchanger 30, catch tray 46 encirclements that this heat exchanger 30 is communicated with liquid trapped volume 48 in bottom side.Container 24 comprises oil eliminator 54, and form is that the oil of drop 60 flow to the oily trapped volume that is positioned at container 24 bottoms from oil eliminator 54, and compressor is discharged and be back to oil from oily trapped volume afterwards.
Fig. 2 moves in the following manner: cooling agent 12 flows to container 24, wherein flow through oil eliminator 54 of cooling agent 12 arrives and is positioned at top space, cooling agent 12 is cooled through heat exchanger 30--cooling agent 12 this heat exchanger from this spatial flow, and this is to be communicated with cooling medium by two arms that illustrate because of heat exchanger--and wherein cooling medium for example flow to the cooling tower that is used to cool off and is back to heat exchanger 30.Downward along the Z-shaped passage in the heat exchanger 30, condensation takes place and form drop thus, thereby drop flows to following catch tray 46 downwards.From here, liquid coolant flows to collection container 48 downwards, and from collection container 48, cooling agent is conducted through the cooling agent connector that comprises expansion valve and along cooling circuit forward.Cooling agent 12 oil eliminator 54 of flowing through, by this separator, possible oil content is separated goes out, thus oil 60 is dropped in downwards on the inboard of container 24 from oil eliminator 54.Oil 60 is collected in the bottom of container 24, and herein, oil can be discharged from, and oil can be back to compressor by the oil returning tube system, and thus, oil can be recovered utilization.
Fig. 3 illustrates the sectional view of the integrated condenser 116 that is arranged in the container 124.Container 124 comprises heat exchanger 130, and this heat exchanger surrounds at the catch tray 146 that lowermost side is communicated with liquid trapped volume 148.The top of container 124 is oil eliminators 154, and it is set directly at the import below of gas-pressurized 114, cooling agent 112 oil eliminator 154 of flowing through when flowing to container 124.Be back to compressor from oil eliminator 154 by unshowned pipeline oil.

Claims (8)

1. a cooling system (2), this cooling system comprises at least one compressor (4), this compressor arrives at least one condenser (16) by a pressure export (8) guiding first cooling agent (12) by pipeline (14), from this condenser, first cooling agent (12) at least one expansion valve (18) of flowing through arrives at least one evaporimeter (22), from this evaporimeter, sucked back via suction line (10) first cooling agents (12) of compressor to compressor (4), described condenser (16) and evaporimeter (22) all are configured to independently closed container (24,26), container comprising condenser (16) also comprises the device (54) that is used for separating oil, and this container is associated with at least one expansion valve (18), described container (24,26) respectively comprise at least one heat exchanger (28,30), the flow through heat exchanger (28) of evaporimeter (22) of second cooling agent (34), and the flow through heat exchanger (30) of condenser (16) of cooling medium (38), cooling medium (38) carries out heat exchange with surrounding environment, it is characterized in that, the heat exchanger (28 of described evaporimeter (22) and condenser (16), 30) has vertical basically passage, cooling agent (12) the described passage of flowing through.
2. cooling system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, liquid coolant (12) heat exchanger (28) in the evaporimeter (22) of flowing through, cooling agent (12) is heated to boiling point by contacting with heat exchanger (28), thus, the cooling agent of gaseous state (12) upwards flows through described passage, the coolant gas corresponding passage in the heat exchanger (30) of condenser (16) of flowing through from above, coolant gas forms drop by condensation, and this drop is collected by following catch tray (46).
3. integrated condenser (16), this condenser (16) is set in the closed container with coolant inlet and outlet, this container comprises that design has the heat exchanger (30) of cooling medium inlet and outlet, flow through described heat exchanger (30) and be cooled of cooling medium in the outside of closed container, it is characterized in that, described integrated condenser (16) comprises the catch tray (46) of the bottommost that surrounds described heat exchanger (30) basically, this catch tray (46) comprises the volume (48) that is used to collect liquid coolant (12), described integrated condenser (16) comprises oil eliminator (54), and described integrated condenser (16) is associated with an expansion valve (18).
4. integrated condenser according to claim 3 is characterized in that, the heat exchanger (30) of described condenser (16) is associated with following catch tray (46), and this catch tray (46) is formed for the trapped volume (48) of liquid coolant.
5. according to claim 3 or 4 described integrated condensers, it is characterized in that, the trapped volume (48) of described catch tray (46) comprises at least one float (50), described float (50) is associated with at least one expansion valve (18), and the opening degree of this expansion valve (18) is regulated by the position of float (50).
6. according to claim 3 or 4 described integrated condensers, it is characterized in that, the trapped volume (48) of described catch tray (46) comprises that at least one is used for the liquid level sensing device of the cooling agent actual liquid level of definite trapped volume (48), and the output signal of described liquid level sensing device is used to regulate the opening degree of at least one expansion valve.
7. according to the described integrated condenser of one of claim 3-6, it is characterized in that, described catch tray (46) edge thereon is associated with oil eliminator (54), the cooling agent of gaseous state this oil eliminator of flowing through, separated oil (60) is directed along the inboard of container, the bottom of described container is used for collecting oil, and the oil that is collected is back to described compressor (4) from the bottom of described container.
8. according to the described integrated condenser of one of claim 3-7, it is characterized in that, the gaseous coolant of high temperature is directed into catch tray (46) outside in the container, the coolant gas of this high temperature flows on every side and moves up and further upwards arrive the top side of heat exchanger (30) by oil eliminator (54) along the inclined side of catch tray (46) at catch tray (46), then, coolant gas is by the vertical basically guiding channel that forms in heat exchanger (30) the described heat exchanger (30) of flowing through downwards, described thus coolant gas condensation becomes liquid coolant, and this liquid coolant is collected in the trapped volume of catch tray.
CNA2006800435191A 2005-11-21 2006-11-21 Cooling system with integrated condenser and expansion valve Pending CN101317049A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DKPA200501625 2005-11-21
DKPA200501625 2005-11-21

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN101317049A true CN101317049A (en) 2008-12-03

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CNA2006800435191A Pending CN101317049A (en) 2005-11-21 2006-11-21 Cooling system with integrated condenser and expansion valve

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US20080282726A1 (en)
EP (1) EP1957892A2 (en)
CN (1) CN101317049A (en)
WO (1) WO2007057025A2 (en)

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CN112313464A (en) * 2018-07-27 2021-02-02 开利公司 Refrigerant container part and refrigeration circuit comprising such a refrigerant container part

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DK3034965T3 (en) 2014-12-19 2021-09-06 Johnson Controls Denmark Aps Shell and plate capacitor, method for removing oil from a refrigerant and using a shell and plate capacitor
US11747064B2 (en) * 2020-03-30 2023-09-05 Carrier Corporation Integrated oil separator with flow management

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112313464A (en) * 2018-07-27 2021-02-02 开利公司 Refrigerant container part and refrigeration circuit comprising such a refrigerant container part
US11561034B2 (en) 2018-07-27 2023-01-24 Carrier Corporation Refrigerant vessel component and refrigeration circuit comprising such a refrigerant vessel component
CN112313464B (en) * 2018-07-27 2024-02-02 开利公司 Refrigerant container part and refrigeration circuit comprising such a refrigerant container part

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1957892A2 (en) 2008-08-20
US20080282726A1 (en) 2008-11-20
WO2007057025A3 (en) 2007-09-13
WO2007057025A2 (en) 2007-05-24

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