CN101303289B - High pressure solid clay pervasion test device - Google Patents
High pressure solid clay pervasion test device Download PDFInfo
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- CN101303289B CN101303289B CN 200810044756 CN200810044756A CN101303289B CN 101303289 B CN101303289 B CN 101303289B CN 200810044756 CN200810044756 CN 200810044756 CN 200810044756 A CN200810044756 A CN 200810044756A CN 101303289 B CN101303289 B CN 101303289B
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- urceolus
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- permeameter
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Abstract
The invention discloses a high compact clay permeability testing device, characterized by comprising a nitrogen tank with a pressure indicating gauge; a high pressure water can with an air intake and a group of water outtakes; a permeameter consisting of a base equipped with a center hole and a bolt hole and fixed with a needle, an outer tube equipped with a center hole, a bolt hole,with the bottom surface superimposed with a top surface of the base, a piston equipped with a water intake with the lower segment sleeved in the center hole of the outer tube, and a bolt; an air conduit with one end communicating with the air outtake of the nitrogen tank and the other end communicating with the air intake of the high pressure water can; a discharging tube with one end communicating with the water intake of the piston and the other end communicating with the water outtake of the high pressure water can; and a water collecting tank communicating at the lower end of the needle. The invention has simple structure, short measurement test period, high precision, capable of measuring any medium with the permeability coefficient smaller than 10<-9> cm/s, particularly suitable for the test of the high compact clay filter performance.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the infiltrative device of a kind of particle tested material, relate to a kind of high pressure solid clay pervasion test device.This device is specially adapted to high pressure solid clay and infiltration coefficient less than 10
-9The penetration testing of any medium of cm/s.
Background technology
The perviousness of soil, the i.e. complexity that free water flows in the soil.It is the critical nature of soil.Infiltration coefficient has reflected native permeance property, is one of important physical character index of soil, and its assay method is called permeability test.The results of permeability tests method has hydrostatic head method and variable water level method.Constant head permeability test is applicable to coarse-grained soil, and variable head permeability test is applicable to fine grained soil.For this utmost point low-permeability of high pressure solid clay medium, be difficult to accurately measure its infiltration coefficient.
The sample that water permeability is extremely low is difficult to accurately measure its infiltrative reason and concludes and mainly contain: 1. be difficult to make sample saturated; When 2. sample was thicker, the infiltration current reach normal condition to be needed to ask when very long, and when thin, had the influence of border seepage flow again; 3. need the long period just can obtain a small amount of seepage flow in the permeability test, be difficult for accurately metering; 4. because of seepage flow is very little, system is possible leak and evaporate all has bigger influence; 5. under the low hydraulic gradient effect, will the phenomenon of Darcy's law appear departing from.
Clay all has application aspect a lot, building materials for example, garbage loading embeading, the landfill of radioactive waste etc.Natural clay not only can antiseepage, and is also adsorbable, exchange some objectionable impuritiess, is not only economic, but also safe and reliable natural impervious barrier.Penetration study for high pressure solid clay also just becomes very important.Have not yet to see the device of accurate its infiltration coefficient of fast measuring of generally acknowledged energy.
Summary of the invention
Purpose of the present invention is intended to overcome deficiency of the prior art, by adopting a compression system, provides a kind of high pressure solid clay pervasion test device of infiltration coefficient that can the single or a plurality of high pressure solid clay samples of rapid and accurate determination.
Content of the present invention is: a kind of high pressure solid clay pervasion test device is characterized in that composition comprises:
The pressue device nitrogen cylinder (1) that pressure indicator (2) is arranged;
A high pressure water pot (3), the end face of this high pressure water pot (3) have an air admission hole (10) and one group of apopore (11) (adopt one group of apopore, can make water outlet is more even, measurement data is more accurate);
One group of permeameter; Each permeameter by: center pit (15) is arranged and be fixedly connected with injection needle (6) (the same syringe needle of structure), the base (8) of the uniform bolt hole (16) of 2-4 arranged, center pit (17) is arranged, 2-4 the uniform bolt hole (18) corresponding with bolt hole (16) position, bottom surface and the superimposed urceolus (4) of base (8) end face arranged, the piston (9) and 2-4 the bolt (13) that have inlet opening (19), hypomere to be socketed in the center pit (17) of urceolus (4) constitute;
The gas piping (14) that one one end is connected with the gas outlet of described nitrogen cylinder (1), the other end is connected with the air admission hole (10) of described high pressure water pot (3);
One group of rising pipe (12), an end of each rising pipe (12) is connected with the inlet opening (19) of piston (9) in the described permeameter, the other end is connected with an apopore (11) of described high pressure water pot (3);
And sealing collection bottle (5) (for example: be sealedly connected with the conical flask of bottle stopper etc.) that is positioned at described injection needle (6) below and is communicated with.
In the content of the present invention: the quantity of described one group of apopore (11), one group of rising pipe (12) and one group of permeameter is corresponding identical 1-6.Be preferably: described air admission hole (10) is positioned at the end face center of high pressure water pot (3); 1-6 apopore (11) distributes symmetrically, when apopore (11) is one when above, each apopore (11) is communicated with a rising pipe (12) respectively, and a plurality of rising pipes (12) of derivation are connected with the inlet opening (19) of piston (9) in the permeameter respectively.
In the content of the present invention: there is 2-4 the uniform bolt hole (20) corresponding with bolt hole (18) position the upper end of described piston (9).
In the content of the present invention: there is annular boss (21) bottom surface of described urceolus (4), and the end face of described base (8) has the annular groove (22) corresponding with annular boss (21) shaped position.
In the content of the present invention: the end face of the bottom surface of described urceolus (4) and described base (8) is connected as a single entity.
In the content of the present invention: there is annular groove (23) in the stage casing of described piston (9) and is with rubber or plastic seal ring (24), with the gap between packed-piston (9) and urceolus (4) center pit (17).
In the content of the present invention: the end face of the bottom surface of described urceolus (4) and base (8) is equipped with nylon wire or stainless (steel) wire (25) respectively.
In the content of the present invention: described gas piping (14), rising pipe (12) all can adopt metal tube or resistance to compression nonmetallic pipe, for example: resistance to compression sebific duct etc.
Using method of the present invention is: water (26) is injected high pressure water pot (3); Sample (7) is placed center pit (17) and base (8) center pit (15) top and the compacting sample (7) of the urceolus (4) of piston (9) below, nylon wire or stainless (steel) wire (25) are affixed on the upper and lower surface of sample (7); Base (8) bolt hole (16) that bolt (13) passes correspondence position and urceolus (4) bolt hole (18) are fixedlyed connected base (8) bolt hole (16), urceolus (4) bolt hole (18) and piston (9) bolt hole (20) that both fixed seal connections or bolt (13) pass correspondence position to prevent that piston in the work (9) is ejected, piston (9) hypomere and urceolus (4) center pit (17) movable sealing socket with the three; One end of the rising pipe (12) that is connected with the apopore (11) of high pressure water pot (3) is arranged in the bottom of high pressure water pot (3) water (26); The junction strict seal of gas piping (14), rising pipe (12), air tight water-tight; Injection needle (6) inserts in the collection bottle (5) of below sealing.During use, open pressue device nitrogen cylinder (1) switch output nitrogen (nitrogen pressure can be controlled in 0.1-0.2MPa etc.), measure the water yield of collection bottle at regular intervals, calculate according to the constant head formula.According to the water yield of oozing out and the anti-infiltration coefficient of asking of hydraulic gradient, the computing formula of hydrostatic head method is as follows:
In the formula:
KT is an infiltration coefficient, cm/s;
Q is the seepage flow in the t time, cm
3
L is a specimen height, cm;
T is a time of penetration, s;
H is a constant head, cm;
A is that sample cross is long-pending, cm
2
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following characteristics and beneficial effect:
(1) the present invention is easy for operation, and the experiments of measuring cycle is short, and the degree of accuracy height can be used for the coefficient of determination less than 10
-9Any medium of cm/s efficiently solves the test problem of high pressure clay pervasion performance;
(2) apparatus of the present invention versatility is good, simple in structure, reliability is high, easy realization, cycle short, and is practical;
(3) apparatus of the present invention can be surveyed a sample or measure the infiltration coefficient of a plurality of samples simultaneously.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the embodiment of the invention 1 structural representation;
Fig. 2 is the vertical profile TV structure synoptic diagram of piston in the embodiment of the invention 1;
Fig. 3 is the A-A sectional structure synoptic diagram of Fig. 2;
Fig. 4 is the B-B sectional structure synoptic diagram of Fig. 2;
Fig. 5 is the vertical profile TV structure synoptic diagram of urceolus in the embodiment of the invention 1;
Fig. 6 is the C-C sectional structure synoptic diagram of Fig. 5;
Fig. 7 is the vertical profile TV structure synoptic diagram of base in the embodiment of the invention 1;
Fig. 8 is the D-D sectional structure synoptic diagram of Fig. 7;
Fig. 9 is the plan structure synoptic diagram of water pot in the embodiment of the invention;
Figure 10 is for there being the vertical profile TV structure synoptic diagram of the water pot of a plurality of rising pipes in the embodiment of the invention.
Among the figure: 1-nitrogen cylinder, 2-pressure indicator, 3-high pressure water pot, 4-urceolus, 5-collection bottle, 6-injection needle, 7-sample, 8-base, 9-piston, 10-air admission hole, 11-apopore, 12-rising pipe, 13-bolt, 14-gas piping, 15-center pit, 16-bolt hole, 17-center pit, 18-bolt hole, 19-air admission hole, 20-bolt hole, 21-boss, 22-groove, 23-annular groove, 24-rubber or plastic seal ring, 25-nylon wire or stainless (steel) wire, 26-water.
Embodiment
The invention will be further described to provide the embodiment plan below; but can not be interpreted as it is limiting the scope of the invention, the person skilled in art must belong to protection scope of the present invention according to the invention described above content to some nonessential improvement and the adjustment that the present invention makes.
Embodiment 1: referring to accompanying drawing 1-8.
A kind of high pressure solid clay pervasion test device, its composition comprises:
The pressue device nitrogen cylinder 1 that pressure indicator 2 is arranged;
A high pressure water pot 3, the end face of this high pressure water pot 3 have an air admission hole 10 and an apopore 11;
A permeameter; This permeameter by: center pit 15 is arranged and be fixedly connected with injection needle 6 (the same syringe needle of structure), the base 8 of 2 uniform bolts hole 16 arranged, center pit 17 is arranged, 2 the uniform bolts hole 18 corresponding with bolt hole 16 positions, bottom surface and the superimposed urceolus 4 of base 8 end faces are arranged, piston 9 and 2 bolts 13 of having inlet opening 19, upper end to have 2 uniform bolt hole 20, hypomeres corresponding with bolt hole 18 positions to be socketed in the center pit 17 of urceolus 4 constitute;
The gas piping 14 that one one end is connected with the gas outlet of described nitrogen cylinder 1, the other end is connected with the air admission hole 10 of described high pressure water pot 3;
The rising pipe 12 that one one end is connected with the inlet opening 19 of described piston 9, the other end is connected with the apopore 11 of described high pressure water pot 3;
And sealing collection bottle 5 (for example: be sealedly connected with the conical flask of bottle stopper etc.) that is positioned at described injection needle 6 belows and is communicated with.
There is annular boss 21 bottom surface of described urceolus 4, and the end face of described base 8 has the annular groove 22 corresponding with annular boss 21 shaped positions, makes both connections more tight;
There is annular groove 23 in the stage casing of described piston 9 and is with rubber or plastic seal ring 24, with the gap between packed-piston 9 and urceolus 4 center pits 17;
The end face of the bottom surface of described urceolus 4 and base 8 is equipped with nylon wire or stainless (steel) wire 25 respectively;
Described gas piping 14, rising pipe 12 all can adopt metal tube or resistance to compression nonmetallic pipe, for example: resistance to compression sebific duct etc.
Using method of the present invention is: water 26 is injected high pressure water pot 3; Sample 7 is placed center pit 17 and base 8 center pits, 15 tops and the compacting sample 7 of the urceolus 4 of piston 9 belows, nylon wire or stainless (steel) wire 25 are affixed on the upper and lower surface of sample 7; Base 8 bolts hole 16 that bolt 13 passes correspondence position and urceolus 4 bolts hole 18 are fixedlyed connected base 8 bolts hole 16, urceolus 4 bolts hole 18 and piston 9 bolts hole 20 that both fixed seal connections (joint face can not seeped water) or bolt 13 pass correspondence position to prevent that piston 9 is ejected in the work, piston 9 hypomeres and the 17 movable sealing sockets of urceolus 4 center pits with the three; One end of the rising pipe 12 that is connected with the apopore 11 of high pressure water pot 3 is arranged in the bottom of high pressure water pot 3 water 26; The junction strict seal of gas piping 14, rising pipe 12, air tight water-tight; Injection needle 6 inserts in the collection bottle 5 of below sealing; Total interface need keep sealing.During use, open pressue device nitrogen cylinder 1 switch output nitrogen (when adopting the resistance to compression sebific duct to connect, nitrogen pressure can be controlled between the 0.1-0.2MPa, make easily if pressure is excessive the resistance to compression sebific duct break, too small then can make experimental period long, fall flat) and keep-up pressure stable; Air pressure is forced out the water 26 in the high pressure water pot 3, after inlet opening 19, nylon wire or stainless (steel) wire 25, the sample 7 of rising pipe 12, piston 9 permeate, enter in the collection bottle 5 through nylon wire or stainless (steel) wire 25, injection needle 6 again, measure the water yield (the available electron balance takes by weighing and flows out the water yield) of collection bottle at regular intervals, calculate according to the constant head formula.According to the water yield of oozing out and the anti-infiltration coefficient of asking of hydraulic gradient, the computing formula of hydrostatic head method is as follows:
In the formula:
KT is an infiltration coefficient, cm/s;
Q is the seepage flow in the t time, cm
3
L is a specimen height, cm;
T is a time of penetration, s;
H is a constant head, cm.
When adopting corresponding consistent a plurality of (for example: 2,3,4,5, the 6) apopore 11 of quantity, rising pipe 12 and permeameter, promptly can measure the infiltration coefficient of a plurality of high pressure solid clay samples simultaneously.
The invention is not restricted to the foregoing description, content of the present invention is described all can implement and have described good result.
Claims (8)
1. high pressure solid clay pervasion test device is characterized in that forming and comprises:
The pressue device nitrogen cylinder (1) that pressure indicator (2) is arranged;
A high pressure water pot (3), the end face of this high pressure water pot (3) have an air admission hole (10) and one group of apopore (11);
One group of permeameter, wherein each permeameter by: the centre hole of base (15) that is fixedly connected with injection needle (6), the base (8) that 24 uniform bolt of lower base holes (16) are arranged are arranged, urceolus center pit (17) is arranged, 2-4 the uniform urceolus bolt hole (18) corresponding with position, bolt of lower base hole (16), bottom surface and the superimposed urceolus (4) of base (8) end face arranged, the piston (9) and 2-4 the bolt (13) that have inlet opening (19), hypomere to be socketed in the urceolus center pit (17) constitute;
One group of nylon wire or stainless (steel) wire (25) that places urceolus (4) bottom surface and base (8) end face respectively;
The gas piping (14) that one one end is connected with the gas outlet of described nitrogen cylinder (1), the other end is connected with the air admission hole (10) of described high pressure water pot (3);
One group of rising pipe (12), wherein the inlet opening (19) of the piston (9) of each permeameter is connected respectively in an end of each rising pipe and the described one group of permeameter, the other end is connected respectively with each apopore in described high pressure water pot (3) one group of apopore of end face (11);
The quantity correspondence of apopore, rising pipe and permeameter is identical in described one group of apopore (11), one group of rising pipe (12) and the one group of permeameter;
And sealing collection bottle (5) that is positioned at described injection needle (6) below and is communicated with injection needle.
2. by the described high pressure solid clay pervasion test device of claim 1, it is characterized in that: the quantity of apopore, rising pipe and permeameter is corresponding identical 1-6 in described one group of apopore (11), one group of rising pipe (12) and the one group of permeameter.
3. by the described high pressure solid clay pervasion test device of claim 1, it is characterized in that: there is 2-4 the uniform piston bolt hole (20) corresponding with urceolus bolt hole (18) position the upper end of described piston (9).
4. by claim 1,2 or 3 described high pressure solid clay pervasion test devices, it is characterized in that: there is annular boss (21) bottom surface of described urceolus (4), and the end face of described base (8) has the annular groove (22) corresponding with annular boss (21) shaped position.
5. by claim 1,2 or 3 described high pressure solid clay pervasion test devices, it is characterized in that: the end face of the bottom surface of described urceolus (4) and described base (8) is connected as a single entity.
6. by the described high pressure solid clay pervasion test device of claim 4, it is characterized in that: the end face of the bottom surface of described urceolus (4) and described base (8) is connected as a single entity.
7. by claim 1,2 or 3 described high pressure solid clay pervasion test devices, it is characterized in that: there is annular groove (23) in the stage casing of described piston (9) and is with rubber or plastic seal ring (24).
8. by the described high pressure solid clay pervasion test device of claim 4, it is characterized in that: there is annular groove (23) in the stage casing of described piston (9) and is with rubber or plastic seal ring (24).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200810044756 CN101303289B (en) | 2008-06-23 | 2008-06-23 | High pressure solid clay pervasion test device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200810044756 CN101303289B (en) | 2008-06-23 | 2008-06-23 | High pressure solid clay pervasion test device |
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| CN101303289A CN101303289A (en) | 2008-11-12 |
| CN101303289B true CN101303289B (en) | 2010-12-01 |
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| CN 200810044756 Expired - Fee Related CN101303289B (en) | 2008-06-23 | 2008-06-23 | High pressure solid clay pervasion test device |
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Families Citing this family (15)
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| CN102980842B (en) * | 2012-12-11 | 2015-01-07 | 重庆交通大学 | System and method for testing anisotropy permeability coefficient of layered coarse-grained soil body |
| CN103149341A (en) * | 2013-02-04 | 2013-06-12 | 辽宁工程技术大学 | Consolidation and penetration measuring device |
| CN103234731A (en) * | 2013-04-16 | 2013-08-07 | 安徽德擎电池科技有限公司 | Micropore flow performance testing equipment |
| CN103398933A (en) * | 2013-07-31 | 2013-11-20 | 东南大学 | Constant-pressure concrete permeability testing device |
| CN104020094B (en) * | 2014-06-10 | 2016-07-06 | 黄河勘测规划设计有限公司 | Geotechnique's high pressure permeability instrument |
| CN104458530B (en) * | 2014-11-28 | 2017-02-22 | 山东大学 | Indoor determination method for permeability coefficient of degraded layer of cement soil |
| CN104677803B (en) * | 2015-03-12 | 2017-10-10 | 河南理工大学 | Often, varying head is combined pervasion test device |
| CN105092450B (en) * | 2015-08-07 | 2018-01-05 | 中国地质大学（武汉） | A kind of hypotonicity saturated clay permeation tester and method of testing |
| CN105424577B (en) * | 2015-11-17 | 2019-03-12 | 深圳大学 | A kind of test block anti-permeability performance experimental rig and test method |
| CN106596367A (en) * | 2016-11-07 | 2017-04-26 | 陕西煤业化工技术研究院有限责任公司 | Pressure-adjustable and timing-free device for testing permeability of constant head and method |
| CN107063972B (en) * | 2017-05-23 | 2019-06-14 | 山东大学 | It is a kind of often-varying head integration osmotic coefficient investigating device and its test method |
| CN108195732B (en) * | 2017-11-30 | 2021-09-28 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Compact rock core imbibition experimental device and imbibition amount testing method |
| CN108896366A (en) * | 2018-07-09 | 2018-11-27 | 西安建筑科技大学 | The loess sample preparation device and method for making sample of pore water chemical concentrations are determined in preparation |
| CN109839494B (en) * | 2019-03-18 | 2021-06-08 | 合肥工业大学 | Test device capable of measuring size of capillary gas-phase seepage influence area |
| CN112858110A (en) * | 2021-04-15 | 2021-05-28 | 西南科技大学 | Experimental device and method for migration and transformation experiment of pollutants in soil |
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2008
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