CN101302970B - 天然气发动机排放控制方法 - Google Patents

天然气发动机排放控制方法 Download PDF

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CN101302970B
CN101302970B CN2007100556192A CN200710055619A CN101302970B CN 101302970 B CN101302970 B CN 101302970B CN 2007100556192 A CN2007100556192 A CN 2007100556192A CN 200710055619 A CN200710055619 A CN 200710055619A CN 101302970 B CN101302970 B CN 101302970B
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CN101302970A (zh
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窦慧莉
闫涛
李骏
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FAW Group Corp
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种天然气发动机排放控制方法，其特征在于：将发动机空燃比脉谱图进行分区控制；通过分区控制空燃比实现缸内有效控制NOx排放，同时采用氧化催化器降低HC及CO排放。采用该控制方法进行发动机的性能开发和电控标定，发动机排放达到欧III标准，同时发动机保持原柴油机相当的动力性，发动机燃烧稳定，噪声小。

Description

天然气发动机排放控制方法
技术领域：
本发明涉及一种天然气发动机排放控制方法，尤其是多点电控喷射稀燃天然气发动机欧III排放控制方法。
背景技术：
随着能源短缺和环境污染问题的日益严重，天然气发动机以其良好的能源替代性和排放特性在国内大规模推广应用。但是，国内使用的天然气发动机多为机械混合器式，采取理论空燃比燃烧方式。这种发动机因其热负荷高而难以提高功率，同时，发动机的排放较难达到欧III标准。采用稀薄燃烧方式的天然气发动机可以保持与柴油机接近的热负荷，发动机可以做到大功率要求。通过合理的燃烧和排放开发使稀燃天然气发动机达到欧III排放水平是国内各发动机厂家和研发机构致力实现的目标。
发明内容：
本发明的目的在于提供一种天然气发动机排放控制方法。该方法为通过分区控制空燃比实现缸内有效控制NOx排放，同时采用氧化催化器降低HC及CO排放，使发动机达到欧III标准。
本发明的技术方案是这样实现的：一种天然气发动机排放控制方法，其特征在于：将发动机空燃比脉谱图进行分区控制；通过分区控制空燃比实现缸内有效控制NOx排放，同时采用氧化催化器降低HC及CO排放。其具体步骤为：第一步，将发动机脉谱图划分为A、B、C、D、E、F和G七个区域；A区为转速从怠速到n1、负荷从70％到100％的区域，B区为转速从n1到n2、负荷从70％到100％的区域，C区为转速从n2到nhi(调速特性上功率达到70％最大功率时的转速)、负荷从70％到100％的区域，D区为转速从怠速到n1、负荷低于70％的区域，E区为转速从n1到n2、负荷从20％到70％的区域，F区为转速从n2到n0(最高空转转速)、负荷低于70％的区域，G区为转速从n1到n2、负荷低于20％的区域；其中，n1＝nlo+20％(nhi—nlo)，n2＝nlo+80％(nhi—nlo)，nlo是50％最大功率下的转速；第二步，在A区，过量空气系数控制在1.2左右，使燃烧完善，但需要保证排温在允许的范围内；在B、C和E区域，使过量空气系数达到1.4～1.58；对于中小负荷的D、F和G区域，主要追求发动机的燃料经济性和燃烧稳定性，在保证燃烧稳定的情况下，使过量空气系数尽可能大；第三步，根据各工况的功率要求，计算出所需要的天然气消耗量；根据各工况所在区域的过量空气系数要求，确定出对应的空气量；第四步，在进行发动机的性能开发和电控标定时，采用多点电控顺序喷射系统，按照第三步确定的各工况的天然气消耗量和空气量进行精确控制，同时，测量发动机的功率、NOx和过量空气系数；第五步，如果功率和NOx达到开发目标，则各工况天然气消耗量和空气量确定；如果不能达到开发目标，则着重对B、E和C区域内各点的过量空气系数加大，重复第三、四步工作，直到功率达到开发目标，NOx排放达到欧III标准；第六步，匹配氧化催化转化器，使CO和HC排放达到欧III标准。
本发明的积极效果在于：在电控天然气发动机上，采用该发明的方法可以使发动机达到欧III标准的同时，发动机保持原柴油机相当的动力性，发动机燃烧稳定，噪声小。
附图说明：
图1为本发明的示意图。
具体实施方式：
下面结合附图对本发明做进一步的描述：CA6SE1系列天然气发动机即使用该天然气发动机欧III排放控制方法，其具体步骤为：第一步，将发动机脉谱图划分为A、B、C、D、E、F和G七个区域。A区为转速从怠速到n1、负荷从70％到100％的区域，B区为转速从n1到n2、负荷从70％到100％的区域，C区为转速从n2到nhi(调速特性上功率达到70％最大功率时的转速)、负荷从70％到100％的区域，D区为转速从怠速到n1、负荷低于70％的区域，E区为转速从n1到n2、负荷从20％到70％的区域，F区为转速从n2到n0(最高空转转速)、负荷低于70％的区域，G区为转速从n1到n2、负荷低于20％的区域。其中，n1＝nlo+20％(nhi—nlo)，n2＝nlo+80％(nhi—nlo)，nlo是50％最大功率下的转速。第二步，在A区，过量空气系数控制在1.2左右，使燃烧完善，但需要保证排温在允许的范围内。在B、C和E区域，使过量空气系数达到1.4～1.58。对于中小负荷的D、F和G区域，主要追求发动机的燃料经济性和燃烧稳定性，在保证燃烧稳定的情况下，使过量空气系数尽可能大。第三步，根据各工况的功率要求，计算出所需要的天然气消耗量。根据各工况所在区域的过量空气系数要求，确定出对应的空气量。第四步，在进行发动机的性能开发和电控标定时，采用多点电控顺序喷射系统，按照第三步确定的各工况的天然气消耗量和空气量进行精确控制，同时，测量发动机的功率、NOx和过量空气系数。第五步，如果功率和NOx达到开发目标，则各工况天然气消耗量和空气量确定。如果不能达到开发目标，则着重对B、E和C区域内各点的过量空气系数加大，重复第三、四步工作，直到功率达到开发目标，NOx排放达到欧III标准。第六步，匹配氧化催化转化器，使CO和HC排放达到欧III标准。
经过发动机台架试验验证，该发动机的排放满足欧III标准要求，发动机保持了原柴油机的动力性，而且，发动机工作平稳。

Claims (1)

1.一种天然气发动机排放控制方法，将发动机空燃比脉谱图进行分区控制；通过分区控制空燃比实现缸内有效控制NOx排放，同时采用氧化催化器降低HC及CO排放，其特征在于：具体步骤为第一步，将发动机脉谱图划分为A、B、C、D、E、F和G七个区域；A区为转速从怠速到n1、负荷从70％到100％的区域，B区为转速从n1到n2、负荷从70％到100％的区域，C区为转速从n2到nhi、负荷从70％到100％的区域，其中nhi为调速特性上功率达到70％最大功率时的转速，D区为转速从怠速到n1、负荷低于70％的区域，E区为转速从n1到n2、负荷从20％到70％的区域，F区为转速从n2到n0最高空转转速、负荷低于70％的区域，G区为转速从n1到n2、负荷低于20％的区域；其中，n1＝nlo+20％(nhi-nlo)，n2＝nlo+80％(nhi-nlo)，nlo是50％最大功率下的转速；第二步，在A区，过量空气系数控制在1.2，使燃烧完善，但需要保证排温在允许的范围内；在B、C和E区域，使过量空气系数达到1.4～1.58；对于中小负荷的D、F和G区域，追求发动机的燃料经济性和燃烧稳定性，在保证燃烧稳定的情况下，使过量空气系数尽可能大；第三步，根据各工况的功率要求，计算出所需要的天然气消耗量；根据各工况所在区域的过量空气系数要求，确定出对应的空气量；第四步，在进行发动机的性能开发和电控标定时，采用多点电控顺序喷射系统，按照第三步确定的各工况的天然气消耗量和空气量进行精确控制，同时，测量发动机的功率、NOx和过量空气系数；第五步，如果功率和NOx达到开发目标，则各工况天然气消耗量和空气量确定；如果不能达到开发目标，则着重对B、E和C区域内各点的过量空气系数加大，重复第三、四步工作，直到功率达到开发目标，NOx排放达到欧III标准；第六步，匹配氧化催化转化器，使CO和HC排放达到欧III标准。
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CN106437969A (zh) * 2016-11-14 2017-02-22 中国重汽集团济南动力有限公司 一种新型轻型汽车用尿素箱支架总成

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CN114962040B (zh) * 2022-05-28 2023-07-04 北京氢燃科技有限公司 直喷氢内燃机的标定方法及控制方法

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CN106437969A (zh) * 2016-11-14 2017-02-22 中国重汽集团济南动力有限公司 一种新型轻型汽车用尿素箱支架总成

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